Evaluation of serum immunoglobulin (IgG, IgM, IgA) in potentially malignant disorders of oral cavity - A case control study

Clinical Efficacy of Topical Kenacort and Aloe Vera Gel in Minor Aphthous Stomatitis: A Comparative Study

Aim

The aim of the study is to compare the clinical efficacy of both the topical agents-aloe vera gel and Kenacort oral paste (0.1% triamcinolone acetonide) in patients with minor aphthous stomatitis.

Materials and Methods

60 patients were recruited for the study and were randomly divided into two groups-Group A (aloe vera gel group) and Group B (Kenacort oral paste group). The baseline parameters were taken and recorded on the day of the first visit which included ulcer size, pain, and burning sensation. Evaluation of reduction in ulcer size, pain, and burning sensation were made on day 3 and day 7.

Results

The results of the present study revealed that both the study groups showed no significant difference in the size of ulcer at day 1, day 3, and day 7 when compared using independent t-test as P > 0.05 at all study intervals. Therefore, both the agents were found to be equally effective against reducing the size of ulcer, pain, and burning sensation.

Conclusion

The present study findings demonstrate that topical application of the aloe vera gel was able to decrease the ulcer size, intensity of pain, and burning sensation, thereby accelerating the healing without any side effects. Thus, topical aloe vera could be safe and a better alternative to topical steroid for RAS.

Assessment of Potentially Malignant Disorders among Men and Women in South Bihar Population

Oral cancer is detected in 270,000 people per annum or around 3% of all malignancies. It ranks sixth among males and twelve among females in terms of prevalence. Mostly, all oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC) are responsible for 92-95% of cases. Oral carcinoma starts five years before the average age of PMD patients, who range in age from 5th to 6th decade of life. Thus, the goal of this study is to identify any relevant risk factors and assess the incidence of oral possibly malignant disorders in both men and women living in rural Bhojpur District, Bihar. A cross-sectional study has been carried out at the Sadar Hospital in Bhojpur by surveying volunteers at various oral health screening and treatment camps held from January 2022 to July 2022. A pre-validated questionnaire adapted and modified from Kumar S et al. was utilized to collect data in a qualitative interview. It was discovered that (17%) of all people had an oral possibly malignant disease. OSMF was the lesion with the greatest prevalence (7%) and lichen planus having the smallest prevalence (1%). Malignancy frequently develops from oral potential malignant diseases. Diabetes and BMI were inversely related, which is expected provided the socioeconomic position.

Immunopathogenesis of oral submucous fibrosis by chewing the areca nut

Oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) is a chronic, progressive, scarring, and premalignant disease of the oral mucosa. Its pathogenic factors are complex and include chewing areca nuts or other spicy food items, nutrition, and genetic and immune factors. Recently, immune factors have become the focus of medical research, with increased attention being paid to the role of immune regulation in diseases, particularly tumors. OSF is accompanied by obvious changes in the immune microenvironment. The aim of this review is to discuss the potential relationship of OSF and areca nuts genetic with the immune system, including lymphocytes, macrophage, Langerhans cell, mast cell, and substances released by activated immune cells, to determine the pathogenesis and treatment of OSF from an immunologic viewpoint.