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Shen HR, Li CX, Jiang X, Lin Y, Liu JH, Zhu F, Wu ZL, Cai T, Wen W, He RX, Guo QX. Chiral aldehyde catalysis enables direct asymmetric α-substitution reaction of N-unprotected amino acids with halohydrocarbons. Chem Sci 2023; 14:5665-5671. [PMID: 37265737 PMCID: PMC10231321 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc01294h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The direct catalytic α-hydrocarbylation of readily available amino acids with halohydrocarbons is one of the most straightforward methods leading to α,α-disubstituted non-proteinogenic α-amino acid compounds. However, all the reported methodologies depend on N-protected amino acids as starting materials. Herein, we report on three highly efficient aldehyde-catalyzed direct α-hydrocarbylations of N-unprotected amino acid esters with aryl-, allyl-, and benzyl halides. By promoting a simple chiral BINOL-aldehyde catalyst or combining catalysts of a chiral aldehyde and Lewis acid ZnCl2, the asymmetric α-arylation, α-allylation, and α-benzylation of amino acid esters with the corresponding halohydrocarbons proceed smoothly, producing α,α-disubstituted α-amino acids in moderate-to-high yields and good-to-excellent enantioselectivities. The asymmetric α-arylation reaction can be applied in the formal synthesis of the clinical candidate compound (+)-AG-041R. Based on the results given by control experiments, three reaction models are proposed to illustrate the stereoselective-control outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Ran Shen
- Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry of Chongqing Municipality, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Soft-Matter Material Chemistry and Function Manufacturing, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University Chongqing 400715 China
| | - Chao-Xing Li
- Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry of Chongqing Municipality, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Soft-Matter Material Chemistry and Function Manufacturing, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University Chongqing 400715 China
| | - Xin Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry of Chongqing Municipality, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Soft-Matter Material Chemistry and Function Manufacturing, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University Chongqing 400715 China
| | - Yao Lin
- Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry of Chongqing Municipality, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Soft-Matter Material Chemistry and Function Manufacturing, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University Chongqing 400715 China
| | - Jian-Hua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry of Chongqing Municipality, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Soft-Matter Material Chemistry and Function Manufacturing, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University Chongqing 400715 China
| | - Fang Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry of Chongqing Municipality, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Soft-Matter Material Chemistry and Function Manufacturing, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University Chongqing 400715 China
| | - Zhu-Lian Wu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry of Chongqing Municipality, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Soft-Matter Material Chemistry and Function Manufacturing, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University Chongqing 400715 China
| | - Tian Cai
- Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry of Chongqing Municipality, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Soft-Matter Material Chemistry and Function Manufacturing, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University Chongqing 400715 China
| | - Wei Wen
- Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry of Chongqing Municipality, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Soft-Matter Material Chemistry and Function Manufacturing, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University Chongqing 400715 China
| | - Rong-Xing He
- Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry of Chongqing Municipality, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Soft-Matter Material Chemistry and Function Manufacturing, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University Chongqing 400715 China
| | - Qi-Xiang Guo
- Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry of Chongqing Municipality, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Soft-Matter Material Chemistry and Function Manufacturing, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University Chongqing 400715 China
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2
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Li ZF, Zhu CL, Zhang Y, Yao Y, Lu CD. Construction of Acyclic Quaternary Stereocenters via Mannich-Type Addition of α,α-Disubstituted N- tert-Butanesulfinyl Ketimines to Isatin-Derived Ketimines. Org Lett 2022; 24:2883-2888. [PMID: 35420435 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c00888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
A Mannich reaction of deprotonated, highly enantioenriched α,α-disubstituted N-tert-butanesulfinyl ketimines with isatin-derived ketimines was developed to prepare 3-amino-3-substituted oxindoles bearing an acyclic quaternary stereogenic carbon substituted with two sterically similar groups. The excellent stereocontrol of the deprotonation enabled the formation of metalloenamine intermediates with stereodefined geometry, while the precise facial selectivity of the C-C bond formation allowed the construction of contiguous quaternary and tetrasubstituted stereocenters with excellent stereoselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng-Fei Li
- School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
| | - Chong-Lin Zhu
- School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
| | - Yun Zhang
- School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
| | - Yun Yao
- School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
| | - Chong-Dao Lu
- School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
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3
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Zhang C, Wu YC, Cui BD, Li L, Han WY, Wan NW, Chen YZ. Palladium-catalyzed asymmetric allylic alkylation of 3-aminooxindoles to access chiral homoallylic aminooxindoles. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:4720-4725. [PMID: 33969846 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob00550b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An organometal catalytic conversion of 3-aminooxindoles for the diastereo- and enantioselective synthesis of homoallylic aminooxindoles has been described. The asymmetric allylic alkylation of 3-aminooxindoles with allyl carboxylates proceeded smoothly to afford a series of chiral 3-allyl-3-aminooxindoles. This work offers an alternative route to build these scaffolds. The application of this protocol is also highlighted by a significant conversion of products to the potential applicable spiro[indoline-3,2'-pyrrolidin]-2-one derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis & Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China. and Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - You-Cai Wu
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis & Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China. and Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Bao-Dong Cui
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis & Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China. and Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Lian Li
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis & Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China. and Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Wen-Yong Han
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis & Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China. and Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Nan-Wei Wan
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis & Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China. and Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Yong-Zheng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis & Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China. and Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
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4
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Ding R, De los Santos ZA, Wolf C. Catalytic Asymmetric Mannich Reaction of α-Fluoronitriles with Ketimines: Enantioselective and Diastereodivergent Construction of Vicinal Tetrasubstituted Stereocenters. ACS Catal 2019; 9:2169-2176. [PMID: 30956891 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.8b05164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Diastereodivergent and enantioselective conversion of isatin ketimines to α-fluoro-β-aminonitriles with vicinal tetrasubstituted stereocenters is achieved by a chiral copper complex/guanidine base catalyzed Mannich reaction with proper choice of the bisphosphine ligand. The reaction is broad in scope, scalable, and provides efficient access to a series of 3-aminoindolinones exhibiting a quaternary carbon-fluorine stereocenter with high yields and stereoselectivities. Selective transformations of the Mannich reaction products into multifunctional 3-aminooxindoles without erosion of enantiomeric and diastereomeric purity highlight the synthetic utility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ransheng Ding
- Department of Chemistry, Georgetown University, 37th and O Streets, Washington, District of Columbia 20057, United States
| | - Zeus A. De los Santos
- Department of Chemistry, Georgetown University, 37th and O Streets, Washington, District of Columbia 20057, United States
| | - Christian Wolf
- Department of Chemistry, Georgetown University, 37th and O Streets, Washington, District of Columbia 20057, United States
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5
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Brandão P, Burke AJ. Recent advances in the asymmetric catalytic synthesis of chiral 3-hydroxy and 3-aminooxindoles and derivatives: Medicinally relevant compounds. Tetrahedron 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2018.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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6
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Yano F, Hojo H, Ohba S, Saito T, Honnami M, Mochizuki M, Takato T, Kawaguchi H, Chung UI. Cell-sheet technology combined with a thienoindazole derivative small compound TD-198946 for cartilage regeneration. Biomaterials 2013; 34:5581-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2013.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2013] [Accepted: 04/04/2013] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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7
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Nakamura S, Hyodo K, Nakamura M, Nakane D, Masuda H. Catalytic Enantioselective Allylation of Ketimines by Using Palladium Pincer Complexes with Chiral Bis(imidazoline)s. Chemistry 2013; 19:7304-9. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201300685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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8
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Hara N, Nakamura S, Sano M, Tamura R, Funahashi Y, Shibata N. Enantioselective Synthesis of AG-041R by using N-Heteroarenesulfonyl Cinchona Alkaloid Amides as Organocatalysts. Chemistry 2012; 18:9276-80. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201200367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2012] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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9
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Li Z, Wei H, Deng L, Cong X, Chen X. Expression and secretion of interleukin-1β, tumour necrosis factor-α and interleukin-10 by hypoxia- and serum-deprivation-stimulated mesenchymal stem cells. FEBS J 2010; 277:3688-98. [PMID: 20681988 DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-4658.2010.07770.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
To understand the potential paracrine roles of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-10 (IL-10), the expression and secretion of these factors by rat bone marrow-derived mesenchymal cells stimulated by hypoxia (4% oxygen) and serum deprivation (hypoxia/SD) were investigated. We found that hypoxia/SD induced nuclear factor kappa Bp65-dependent IL-1β and TNF-α transcription. Furthermore, hypoxia/SD stimulated the translation of pro-IL-1β and its processing to mature IL-1β, although the translation of TNF-α was unchanged. Unexpectedly, the release of IL-1β and TNF-α from hypoxia/SD-stimulated mesenchymal cells was undetectable unless ATP or lipopolysaccharide was present. This result suggests that IL-1β and TNF-α are not responsible for the paracrine effects of mesenchymal cells under ischaemic conditions. We also found that hypoxia/SD induced the transcription and secretion of IL-10, which were significantly enhanced by lipopolysaccharide and the proteasomal inhibitor MG132. Moreover, both the conditioned medium from hypoxia/SD-stimulated mesenchymal cells (MSC-CM) and IL-10 efficiently inhibited cardiac fibroblast proliferation and collagen expression in vitro, suggesting that mesenchymal cell-secreted IL-10 prevents cardiac fibrosis in a paracrine manner under ischaemic conditions. Taken together, these findings may improve understanding of the cellular and molecular basis of the anti-inflammatory and paracrine effects of mesenchymal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongwei Li
- Research Center for Cardiovascular Regenerative Medicine, The Ministry of Health, Cardiovascular Institute & Fu Wai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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10
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Bobick BE, Kulyk WM. Regulation of cartilage formation and maturation by mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; 84:131-54. [PMID: 18546337 DOI: 10.1002/bdrc.20126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The majority of bones comprising the adult vertebrate skeleton are generated from hyaline cartilage templates that form during embryonic development. A process known as endochondral ossification is responsible for the conversion of these transient cartilage anlagen into mature, calcified bone. Endochondral ossification is a highly regulated, multistep cell specification program involving the initial differentiation of prechondrogenic mesenchymal cells into hyaline chondrocytes, terminal differentiation of hyaline chondrocytes into hypertrophic chondrocytes, and finally, apoptosis of hypertrophic chondrocytes followed by bone matrix deposition. Recently, extensive research has been carried out describing roles for the three major mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways, the extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2), p38, and c-jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) pathways, in the successive stages of chondrogenic differentiation. In this review, we survey this research examining the involvement of ERK1/2, p38, and JNK pathway signaling in all aspects of the chondrogenic differentiation program from embryonic through postnatal stages of development. In addition, we summarize evidence from in vitro studies examining MAPK function in immortalized chondrogenic cell lines and adult mesenchymal stem cells. We also provide suggestions for future studies that may help ameliorate existing confusion concerning the specific roles of MAPK signaling at different stages of chondrogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brent E Bobick
- Cartilage Biology and Orthopaedics Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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