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Koh RH, Kim J, Kim JU, Kim SL, Rajendran AK, Lee SS, Lee H, Kim JH, Jeong JH, Hwang Y, Bae JW, Hwang NS. Bioceramic-mediated chondrocyte hypertrophy promotes calcified cartilage formation for rabbit osteochondral defect repair. Bioact Mater 2024; 40:306-317. [PMID: 38978806 PMCID: PMC11228467 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2024.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteochondral tissue is a highly specialized and complex tissue composed of articular cartilage and subchondral bone that are separated by a calcified cartilage interface. Multilayered or gradient scaffolds, often in conjunction with stem cells and growth factors, have been developed to mimic the respective layers for osteochondral defect repair. In this study, we designed a hyaline cartilage-hypertrophic cartilage bilayer graft (RGD/RGDW) with chondrocytes. Previously, we demonstrated that RGD peptide-modified chondroitin sulfate cryogel (RGD group) is chondro-conductive and capable of hyaline cartilage formation. Here, we incorporated whitlockite (WH), a Mg2+-containing calcium phosphate, into RGD cryogel (RGDW group) to induce chondrocyte hypertrophy and form collagen X-rich hypertrophic cartilage. This is the first study to use WH to produce hypertrophic cartilage. Chondrocytes-laden RGDW cryogel exhibited significantly upregulated expression of hypertrophy markers in vitro and formed ectopic hypertrophic cartilage in vivo, which mineralized into calcified cartilage in bone microenvironment. Subsequently, RGD cryogel and RGDW cryogel were combined into bilayer (RGD/RGDW group) and implanted into rabbit osteochondral defect, where RGD layer supports hyaline cartilage regeneration and bioceramic-containing RGDW layer promotes calcified cartilage formation. While the RGD group (monolayer) formed hyaline-like neotissue that extends into the subchondral bone, the RGD/RGDW group (bilayer) regenerated hyaline cartilage tissue confined to its respective layer and promoted osseointegration for integrative defect repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel H Koh
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Junhee Kim
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Jeong-Uk Kim
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Seunghyun L Kim
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Arun Kumar Rajendran
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Seunghun S Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Dongguk University, Seoul, 10326, South Korea
| | - Heesoo Lee
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Joo Hyun Kim
- Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-bio Science (SIMS), Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, 31151, South Korea
- Department of Integrated Biomedical Science, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, 31538, South Korea
| | - Ji Hoon Jeong
- Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-bio Science (SIMS), Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, 31151, South Korea
- Department of Integrated Biomedical Science, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, 31538, South Korea
| | - Yongsung Hwang
- Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-bio Science (SIMS), Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, 31151, South Korea
- Department of Integrated Biomedical Science, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, 31538, South Korea
| | - Jong Woo Bae
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Konkuk University Chungju Hospital, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Chungju, 27376, South Korea
| | - Nathaniel S Hwang
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
- BioMAX Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
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2
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Reinhard J, Oláh T, Laschke MW, Goebel LKH, Schmitt G, Speicher-Mentges S, Menger MD, Cucchiarini M, Pape D, Madry H. Modulation of early osteoarthritis by tibiofemoral re-alignment in sheep. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2024; 32:690-701. [PMID: 38442768 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2024.02.892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate whether tibiofemoral alignment influences early knee osteoarthritis (OA). We hypothesized that varus overload exacerbates early degenerative osteochondral changes, and that valgus underload diminishes early OA. METHOD Normal, over- and underload were induced by altering alignment via high tibial osteotomy in adult sheep (n = 8 each). Simultaneously, OA was induced by partial medial anterior meniscectomy. At 6 weeks postoperatively, OA was examined in five individual subregions of the medial tibial plateau using Kellgren-Lawrence grading, quantification of macroscopic OA, semiquantitative histopathological OA and immunohistochemical type-II collagen, ADAMTS-5, and MMP-13 scoring, biochemical determination of DNA and proteoglycan contents, and micro-computed tomographic evaluation of the subchondral bone. RESULTS Multivariate analyses revealed that OA cartilaginous changes had a temporal priority over subchondral bone changes. Underload inhibited early cartilage degeneration in a characteristic topographic pattern (P ≥ 0.0983 vs. normal), in particular below the meniscal damage, avoided alterations of the subarticular spongiosa (P ≥ 0.162 vs. normal), and prevented the disturbance of otherwise normal osteochondral correlations. Overload induced early alterations of the subchondral bone plate microstructure towards osteopenia, including significantly decreased percent bone volume and increased bone surface-to-volume ratio (all P ≤ 0.0359 vs. normal). CONCLUSION The data provide high-resolution evidence that tibiofemoral alignment modulates early OA induced by a medial meniscus injury in adult sheep. Since underload inhibits early OA, these data also support the clinical value of strategies to reduce the load in an affected knee compartment to possibly decelerate structural OA progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Reinhard
- Center of Experimental Orthopaedics, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany.
| | - Tamás Oláh
- Center of Experimental Orthopaedics, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany; Cartilage Net of the Greater Region, 66421 Homburg, Germany.
| | - Matthias W Laschke
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Surgery, Saarland University Medical Center and Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany.
| | - Lars K H Goebel
- Center of Experimental Orthopaedics, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany; Cartilage Net of the Greater Region, 66421 Homburg, Germany.
| | - Gertrud Schmitt
- Center of Experimental Orthopaedics, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany.
| | | | - Michael D Menger
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Surgery, Saarland University Medical Center and Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany.
| | - Magali Cucchiarini
- Center of Experimental Orthopaedics, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany; Cartilage Net of the Greater Region, 66421 Homburg, Germany.
| | - Dietrich Pape
- Cartilage Net of the Greater Region, 66421 Homburg, Germany; Clinique d'Eich, Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg, Eich, 1460 Luxembourg, Germany.
| | - Henning Madry
- Center of Experimental Orthopaedics, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany; Cartilage Net of the Greater Region, 66421 Homburg, Germany.
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3
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Huovinen J, Lohela J, Kauppinen S, Finnilä M, Laaksonen S, Voipio HM, Huhtakangas JA, Lehenkari P. No adverse effects on periarticular tissue by intra-articular vitamin D analogue calcipotriol in a reduced-dose zymosan-induced arthritis model in rats. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2023; 132:131-143. [PMID: 36398969 DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.13815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Calcipotriol, a vitamin D analogue, is an antiproliferative and anti-inflammatory drug currently used in psoriasis. Here, our aim was to analyse the safety of calcipotriol for cartilage and bone in alleviated-dose (0.1 mg instead of usual ≥1mg dose) zymosan-induced arthritis in rats. Theoretically, high doses of vitamin D or analogues could have detrimental effects on bone or cartilage. The rats were divided into four groups: vehicle (n = 9), dexamethasone 0.1 mg/kg (n = 9), calcipotriol 0.1 mg/kg (n = 8) and negative control (n = 10) with no injections. Arthritic rats were given phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) injections to left knees as a control. After euthanasia on day 8, all knees were imaged with micro-computed tomography for surface lesions and decalcified for histological analyses. Contrary to our expectations, no significant changes could be observed in the tomography data and histological scores among the three treatment groups or between the vehicle-treated and non-arthritic group. Calcipotriol did not cause adverse effects on cartilage or subchondral bone within a week, suggesting that it could be safely used in local treatment of arthritis. The alleviated model caused synovitis with local and systemic inflammatory response without cartilage erosions, which might be useful in studying self-limiting synovitis where cartilage or bone effects are not of primary interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jere Huovinen
- Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit, Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Jesse Lohela
- Research Unit of Medical Imaging, Physics and Technology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Sami Kauppinen
- Research Unit of Medical Imaging, Physics and Technology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Mikko Finnilä
- Research Unit of Medical Imaging, Physics and Technology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Sakari Laaksonen
- Oulu Laboratory Animal Centre, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Hanna-Marja Voipio
- Oulu Laboratory Animal Centre, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Johanna A Huhtakangas
- Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit, Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Division of Rheumatology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Petri Lehenkari
- Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit, Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Division of Operative Care, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
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Li G, Liu S, Chen Y, Xu H, Qi T, Xiong A, Wang D, Yu F, Weng J, Zeng H. Teriparatide ameliorates articular cartilage degradation and aberrant subchondral bone remodeling in DMM mice. J Orthop Translat 2022; 38:241-255. [PMID: 36514714 PMCID: PMC9731868 DOI: 10.1016/j.jot.2022.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a highly prevalent musculoskeletal disorder characterized by degeneration of cartilage and abnormal remodeling of subchondral bone (SCB). Teriparatide (PTH (1-34)) is an effective anabolic drug for osteoporosis (OP) and regulates osteoprotegerin (OPG)/receptor activator of nuclear factor ligand (RANKL)/RANK signaling, which also has a therapeutic effect on KOA by ameliorating cartilage degradation and inhibiting aberrant remodeling of SCB. However, the mechanisms of PTH (1-34) in treating KOA are still uncertain and remain to be explored. Therefore, we compared the effect of PTH (1-34) on the post-traumatic KOA mouse model to explore the potential therapeutic effect and mechanisms. Methods In vivo study, eight-week-old male mice including wild-type (WT) (n = 54) and OPG-/- (n = 54) were investigated and compared. Post-traumatic KOA model was created by destabilization of medial meniscus (DMM). WT mice were randomly assigned into three groups: the sham group (WT-sham; n = 18), the DMM group (WT-DMM; n = 18), and the PTH (1-34)-treated group (WT-DMM + PTH (1-34); n = 18). Similarly, the OPG-/- mice were randomly allocated into three groups as well. The designed mice were executed at the 4th, 8th, and 12th weeks to evaluate KOA progression. To further explore the chondro-protective of PTH (1-34), the ATDC5 chondrocytes were stimulated with different concentrations of PTH (1-34) in vitro. Results Compared with the WT-sham mice, significant wear of cartilage in terms of reduced cartilage thickness and glycosaminoglycan (GAG) loss was detected in the WT-DMM mice. PTH (1-34) exhibited cartilage-protective by alleviating wear, retaining the thickness and GAG contents. Moreover, the deterioration of the SCB was alleviated and the expression of PTH1R/OPG/RANKL/RANK were found to increase after PTH (1-34) treatment. Among the OPG-/- mice, the cartilage of the DMM mice displayed typical KOA change with higher OARSI score and thinner cartilage. The damage of the cartilage was alleviated but the abnormal remodeling of SCB didn't show any response to the PTH (1-34) treatment. Compared with the WT-DMM mice, the OPG-/--DMM mice caught more aggressive KOA with thinner cartilage, sever cartilage damage, and more abnormal remodeling of SCB. Moreover, both the damaged cartilage from the WT-DMM mice and the OPG-/--DMM mice were alleviated but only the deterioration of SCB in WT-DMM mice was alleviated after the administration of PTH (1-34). In vitro study, PTH (1-34) could promote the viability of chondrocytes, enhance the synthesis of extracellular matrix (ECM) (AGC, COLII, and SOX9) at the mRNA and protein level, but inhibit the secretion of inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-6). Conclusion Both wear of the cartilage was alleviated and aberrant remodeling of the SCB was inhibited in the WT mice, but only the cartilage-protective effect was observed in the OPG-/- mice. PTH (1-34) exhibited chondro-protective effect by decelerating cartilage degeneration in vivo as well as by promoting the proliferation and enhancing ECM synthesis of chondrocytes in vitro. The current investigation implied that the rescue of the disturbed SCB is dependent on the regulation of OPG while the chondro-protective effect is independent of modulation of OPG, which provides proof for the treatment of KOA. The translational potential of this article Systemic administration of PTH (1-34) could exert a therapeutic effect on both cartilage and SCB in different mechanisms to alleviate KOA progression, which might be a novel therapy for KOA.
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Key Words
- AB, Alican blue
- ADAMTS5, ADAM Metallopeptidase with Thrombospondin Type 1 Motif 5
- AGC, Aggrecan
- AGC, aggrecan
- ANOVA, one-way analysis of variance
- ARRIVE, Animal Research: Reporting of In Vivo Experiments
- BMD, bone mineral density
- BV/TV, bone volume fraction
- CCK-8, cell counting kit-8
- CLSM, confocal laser scanning microscope
- COLII, Type II collagen
- COLX, Type X collagen
- Cartilage
- DMEM, Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Medium
- DMM, destabilization of medical meniscus
- ECM, extracellular matrix
- EDTA, ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid
- ELISA, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
- EdU, 5-ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine
- FBS, fatal bovine serum
- GAG, glycosaminoglycan
- GAPDH, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase
- HE, hematoxylin and eosin
- HPLC, High Performance Liquid Chromatography
- IL-1β, Interleukin-1β
- IL-6, Interleukin-6
- KOA, knee osteoarthritis
- Knee osteoarthritis
- MMP13, Matrix Metallopeptidase 13
- MT, masson's trichrome
- Micro-CT, microcomputer tomography
- NCBI, National Center for Biotechnology Information
- OARSI, Osteoarthritis Research Society International
- OD, optical density
- OP, osteoporosis
- OPG, osteoprotegerin
- OPG−/−, osteoprotegerin-knockout
- Osteoprotegerin (OPG)
- PBS, phosphate buffer solution
- PCR, polymerase chain reaction
- PTH (1–34), Teriparatide
- ROI, region of interest
- RT-qPCR, quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction
- S.I, subcutaneous injection
- SCB, subchondral bone
- SMI, structure model index
- SOFG, Safranin O-fast green
- SOX9, SRY-Box Transcription Factor 9
- Subchondral bone
- TB, toluidine blue O
- TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor-α
- Tb.N, trabecular number
- Tb.Th, trabecular thickness
- Teriparatide (PTH (1–34))
- WT, wild type
- nM, nMol/L
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoqing Li
- Department of Bone & Joint Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China, 518036
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China, 518036
| | - Su Liu
- Department of Bone & Joint Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China, 518036
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China, 518036
| | - Yixiao Chen
- Department of Bone & Joint Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China, 518036
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China, 518036
| | - Huihui Xu
- Department of Bone & Joint Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China, 518036
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China, 518036
| | - Tiantian Qi
- Department of Bone & Joint Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China, 518036
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China, 518036
| | - Ao Xiong
- Department of Bone & Joint Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China, 518036
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China, 518036
| | - Deli Wang
- Department of Bone & Joint Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China, 518036
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China, 518036
| | - Fei Yu
- Department of Bone & Joint Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China, 518036
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China, 518036
- Corresponding author. Department of Bone & Joint Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518036, PR China.
| | - Jian Weng
- Department of Bone & Joint Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China, 518036
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China, 518036
- Corresponding author. Department of Bone & Joint Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518036, PR China.
| | - Hui Zeng
- Department of Bone & Joint Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China, 518036
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China, 518036
- Corresponding author. National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518036, PR China.
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5
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Evans LAE, Pitsillides AA. Structural clues to articular calcified cartilage function: A descriptive review of this crucial interface tissue. J Anat 2022; 241:875-895. [PMID: 35866709 PMCID: PMC9482704 DOI: 10.1111/joa.13728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Articular calcified cartilage (ACC) has been dismissed, by some, as a remnant of endochondral ossification without functional relevance to joint articulation or weight-bearing. Recent research indicates that morphologic and metabolic ACC features may be important, reflecting knee joint osteoarthritis (OA) predisposition. ACC is less investigated than neighbouring joint tissues, with its component chondrocytes and mineralised matrix often being either ignored or integrated into analyses of hyaline articular cartilage and subchondral bone tissue respectively. Anatomical variation in ACC is recognised between species, individuals and age groups, but the selective pressures underlying this variation are unknown. Consequently, optimal ACC biomechanical features are also unknown as are any potential locomotory roles. This review collates descriptions of ACC anatomy and biology in health and disease, with a view to revealing its structure/function relationship and highlighting potential future research avenues. Mouse models of healthy and OA joint ageing have shown disparities in ACC load-induced deformations at the knee joint. This raises the hypothesis that ACC response to locomotor forces over time may influence, or even underlie, the bony and hyaline cartilage symptoms characteristic of OA. To effectively investigate the ACC, greater resolution of joint imaging and merging of hierarchical scale data will be required. An appreciation of OA as a 'whole joint disease' is expanding, as is the possibility that the ACC may be a key player in healthy ageing and in the transition to OA joint pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucinda A. E. Evans
- Department of Comparative Biomedical SciencesRoyal Veterinary College, University of LondonLondonUK
| | - Andrew A. Pitsillides
- Department of Comparative Biomedical SciencesRoyal Veterinary College, University of LondonLondonUK
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6
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Finnilä MAJ, Das Gupta S, Turunen MJ, Hellberg I, Turkiewicz A, Lutz-Bueno V, Jonsson E, Holler M, Ali N, Hughes V, Isaksson H, Tjörnstrand J, Önnerfjord P, Guizar-Sicairos M, Saarakkala S, Englund M. Mineral Crystal Thickness in Calcified Cartilage and Subchondral Bone in Healthy and Osteoarthritic Human Knees. J Bone Miner Res 2022; 37:1700-1710. [PMID: 35770824 PMCID: PMC9540032 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.4642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common joint disease, where articular cartilage degradation is often accompanied with sclerosis of the subchondral bone. However, the association between OA and tissue mineralization at the nanostructural level is currently not understood. In particular, it is technically challenging to study calcified cartilage, where relevant but poorly understood pathological processes such as tidemark multiplication and advancement occur. Here, we used state-of-the-art microfocus small-angle X-ray scattering with a 5-μm spatial resolution to determine the size and organization of the mineral crystals at the nanostructural level in human subchondral bone and calcified cartilage. Specimens with a wide spectrum of OA severities were acquired from both medial and lateral compartments of medial compartment knee OA patients (n = 15) and cadaver knees (n = 10). Opposing the common notion, we found that calcified cartilage has thicker and more mutually aligned mineral crystals than adjoining bone. In addition, we, for the first time, identified a well-defined layer of calcified cartilage associated with pathological tidemark multiplication, containing 0.32 nm thicker crystals compared to the rest of calcified cartilage. Finally, we found 0.2 nm thicker mineral crystals in both tissues of the lateral compartment in OA compared with healthy knees, indicating a loading-related disease process because the lateral compartment is typically less loaded in medial compartment knee OA. In summary, we report novel changes in mineral crystal thickness during OA. Our data suggest that unloading in the knee might be involved with the growth of mineral crystals, which is especially evident in the calcified cartilage. © 2022 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikko A J Finnilä
- Research Unit of Medical Imaging, Physics and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Medical Research Center, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Shuvashis Das Gupta
- Research Unit of Medical Imaging, Physics and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Mikael J Turunen
- Department of Applied Physics, Faculty of Science and Forestry, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Iida Hellberg
- Research Unit of Medical Imaging, Physics and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Aleksandra Turkiewicz
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Orthopaedics, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | | | - Elin Jonsson
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Orthopaedics, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Mirko Holler
- Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Neserin Ali
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Orthopaedics, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Velocity Hughes
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Orthopaedics, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Hanna Isaksson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Jon Tjörnstrand
- Department of Orthopaedics, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Patrik Önnerfjord
- Rheumatology and Molecular Skeletal Biology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | | | - Simo Saarakkala
- Research Unit of Medical Imaging, Physics and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Martin Englund
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Orthopaedics, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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7
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Nakasone A, Guang Y, Wise A, Kim L, Babbin J, Rathod S, Mitchell AJ, Gerstenfeld LC, Morgan EF. Structural features of subchondral bone cysts and adjacent tissues in hip osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2022; 30:1130-1139. [PMID: 35569801 PMCID: PMC9296569 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2022.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Focal lesions within the subchondral bone, termed subchondral bone cysts (SBCs), are clinically accepted radiographic markers of advanced osteoarthritis (OA), but their etiology in the hip is not well understood. DESIGN This study used micro-computed tomography (μCT), and histological and immunocytological analysis to examine the prevalence, size, location, and morphological and cellular features of SBCs found within 34 femoral heads (14 male, 20 female; age range = 43-80 years) obtained from total hip arthroplasty procedures. RESULTS SBCs were common-present in 91% of the femoral heads examined-and frequently commuted with the surface of the femoral head, but otherwise showed no preferred anatomical location. Few associations were found between SBC features and patient characteristics such as BMI, age and sex. SBCs were also heterogenous in composition, ranging from fibrous (most common) to predominantly fatty (least common) and often containing vasculature, nerve fibers, cartilage islands, and bony spicules. Despite this heterogeneity, focal abnormalities in bone density and cartilage thickness were consistently observed. Bone adjacent to SBCs was denser than that in the primary compressive group, and cartilage thickness in regions overlying SBCs was lower than in non-overlying regions. In contrast to these local bony changes, μCT-based finite element analyses indicated that the stiffness of the primary compressive group was only mildly affected by SBCs. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate that SBCs in the femoral head involve extensive perturbations in cellular activity, culminating in myriad skeletal tissue types and spatially heterogenous changes in bone and cartilage morphology that are likely to affect OA progression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Young Guang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Boston University,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University
| | - Amelia Wise
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Boston University
| | - Lindsey Kim
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Boston University
| | - Joshua Babbin
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Boston University
| | - Sonali Rathod
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Boston University
| | | | | | - Elise F. Morgan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Boston University,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Boston University
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8
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Tits A, Plougonven E, Blouin S, Hartmann MA, Kaux JF, Drion P, Fernandez J, van Lenthe GH, Ruffoni D. Local anisotropy in mineralized fibrocartilage and subchondral bone beneath the tendon-bone interface. Sci Rep 2021; 11:16534. [PMID: 34400706 PMCID: PMC8367976 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-95917-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The enthesis allows the insertion of tendon into bone thanks to several remarkable strategies. This complex and clinically relevant location often features a thin layer of fibrocartilage sandwiched between tendon and bone to cope with a highly heterogeneous mechanical environment. The main purpose of this study was to investigate whether mineralized fibrocartilage and bone close to the enthesis show distinctive three-dimensional microstructural features, possibly to enable load transfer from tendon to bone. As a model, the Achilles tendon-calcaneus bone system of adult rats was investigated with histology, backscattered electron imaging and micro-computed tomography. The microstructural porosity of bone and mineralized fibrocartilage in different locations including enthesis fibrocartilage, periosteal fibrocartilage and bone away from the enthesis was characterized. We showed that calcaneus bone presents a dedicated protrusion of low porosity where the tendon inserts. A spatially resolved analysis of the trabecular network suggests that such protrusion may promote force flow from the tendon to the plantar ligament, while partially relieving the trabecular bone from such a task. Focusing on the tuberosity, highly specific microstructural aspects were highlighted. Firstly, the interface between mineralized and unmineralized fibrocartilage showed the highest roughness at the tuberosity, possibly to increase failure resistance of a region carrying large stresses. Secondly, fibrochondrocyte lacunae inside mineralized fibrocartilage, in analogy with osteocyte lacunae in bone, had a predominant alignment at the enthesis and a rather random organization away from it. Finally, the network of subchondral channels inside the tuberosity was highly anisotropic when compared to contiguous regions. This dual anisotropy of subchondral channels and cell lacunae at the insertion may reflect the alignment of the underlying collagen network. Our findings suggest that the microstructure of fibrocartilage may be linked with the loading environment. Future studies should characterize those microstructural aspects in aged and or diseased conditions to elucidate the poorly understood role of bone and fibrocartilage in enthesis-related pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Tits
- Mechanics of Biological and Bioinspired Materials Laboratory, Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Liège, Quartier Polytech 1, Allée de la Découverte 9, 4000, Liège, Belgium
| | - Erwan Plougonven
- Chemical Engineering Department, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Stéphane Blouin
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute of Osteology, Hanusch Hospital of OEGK and AUVA Trauma Centre Meidling, 1st Medical Department Hanusch Hospital, Vienna, Austria
| | - Markus A Hartmann
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute of Osteology, Hanusch Hospital of OEGK and AUVA Trauma Centre Meidling, 1st Medical Department Hanusch Hospital, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jean-François Kaux
- Department of Physical Medicine and Sports Traumatology, University of Liège and University Hospital of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Pierre Drion
- Experimental Surgery Unit, GIGA and Credec, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
| | - Justin Fernandez
- Auckland Bioengineering Institute and Department of Engineering Science, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | | | - Davide Ruffoni
- Mechanics of Biological and Bioinspired Materials Laboratory, Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Liège, Quartier Polytech 1, Allée de la Découverte 9, 4000, Liège, Belgium.
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9
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Chen L, Wang X, Zhang S, Wang W, Su B, Xu X, Lv D, Liu W, Li X, Li Z. The Evaluation of the Multiple Myeloma Pathological Osseous Tissue of Microarchitecture. Curr Med Imaging 2021; 17:513-516. [PMID: 33059581 DOI: 10.2174/1573405616666201015144015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The typical imaging finding of MM is bone destruction in the form of diffuse patchy osteolytic lesions or punctate destruction. However, it is difficult to accurately determine the fine structure of bone affected by MM with these techniques due to low specificity and sensitivity. INTRODUCTION This study aimed to investigate the microscopic anatomical morphology and analyze the microstructure changes of trabeculae affected by multiple myeloma (MM) based on micro-CT. METHODS MM-affected and normal trabecular bone samples were imaged by micro-CT to obtain bone structure parameters to assess statistical differences between them and evaluate the degree of microstructural damage of MM-affected trabeculae. RESULTS Micro CT images clearly showed the microstructure of MM-affected trabeculae. The degree of trabecular osteoporosis varied with the severity of MM. There were significant differences in the structural parameters between MM-affected and normal trabeculae (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Micro-CT clearly reveals the microstructure of MM-affected trabeculae. The obtained bone structure data will help to determine the degree of bone damage caused by MM and assess the efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianxiang Chen
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010050, China
| | - Xing Wang
- Human Anatomy Teaching and Research Section (Digital Medical Center), Inner Mongolia Medical University Basic Medical College, Hohhot, 010059, China
| | - Shaojie Zhang
- Human Anatomy Teaching and Research Section (Digital Medical Center), Inner Mongolia Medical University Basic Medical College, Hohhot, 010059, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Emergency, Inner Mongolia People's Hospital, Hohhot, 010017, China
| | - Baoke Su
- Graduate School, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010059, China
| | - Xuebin Xu
- Graduate School, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010059, China
| | - Dongchen Lv
- Graduate School, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010059, China
| | - Wentao Liu
- Graduate School, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010059, China
| | - Xiaohe Li
- Human Anatomy Teaching and Research Section (Digital Medical Center), Inner Mongolia Medical University Basic Medical College, Hohhot, 010059, China
| | - Zhijun Li
- Human Anatomy Teaching and Research Section (Digital Medical Center), Inner Mongolia Medical University Basic Medical College, Hohhot, 010059, China
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10
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Xiao S, Lin Y, Tang Y, Lv Z, Chen L. Real-Time Quantification of Cartilage Degeneration by GAG-Targeted Cationic Nanoparticles for Efficient Therapeutic Monitoring in Living Mice. Mol Pharm 2021; 18:1444-1454. [PMID: 33538605 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.0c01254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
One of the characterizations of degenerative cartilage disease is the progressive loss of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs). The real-time imaging method to quantify GAGs is of great significance for the biochemical analysis of cartilage and diagnosis and therapeutic monitoring of cartilage degeneration in vivo. To this end, a cationic photoacoustic (PA) contrast agent, poly-l-lysine melanin nanoparticles (PLL-MNPs), specifically targeting anionic GAGs was developed in this study to investigate whether it can image cartilage degeneration. PLL-MNP assessed GAG depletion by Chondroitinase ABC in vitro rat cartilage and intact ex vivo mouse knee joint. A papain-induced cartilage degenerative mice model was used for in vivo photoacoustic imaging (PAI). Oral cartilage supplement glucosamine sulfate was intragastrically administered for mice cartilage repair and the therapeutic efficacy was monitored by PLL-MNP-enhanced PAI. Histologic findings were used to further confirm PAI results. In vitro results revealed that the PLL-MNPs not only had a high binding ability with GAGs but also sensitively monitored GAG content changes by PAI. The PA signal was gradually weakened along with the depletion of GAGs in cartilage. Particularly, PLL-MNPs depicted the cartilage structure and the distribution of GAGs was demonstrated in PA images in ex vivo joints. Compared with the normal joint, a lower signal intensity was detected from degenerative joint at 3 weeks after papain injection, suggesting an early diagnosis of cartilage lesion by PLL-MNPs. Importantly, this PA-enhanced nanoprobe was suitable for monitoring in vivo efficacy of glucosamine sulfate, which effectively blocked cartilage degradation in a high dose manner. In vivo imaging findings correlated well with histological examinations. PLL-MNPs provided sensitive visualization of cartilage degeneration and promising monitoring of therapeutic response in living subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyi Xiao
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, P. R. China.,Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's, Wenzhou 325027, P. R. China
| | - Yimu Lin
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, P. R. China
| | - Yufu Tang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE), Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), Nanjing 211816, P. R. China
| | - Zhuang Lv
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong 999077, P. R. China
| | - Liang Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, P. R. China
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11
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Cai Z, Wei Z, Wu M, Jerban S, Jang H, Li S, Yuan X, Ma YJ. Knee osteochondral junction imaging using a fast 3D T 1-weighted ultrashort echo time cones sequence at 3T. Magn Reson Imaging 2020; 73:76-83. [PMID: 32828984 DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2020.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The osteochondral junction (OCJ) of the knee joint is comprised of multiple tissue components, including a portion of the deep layer cartilage, calcified cartilage, and subchondral bone. The OCJ is of increasing radiological interest as it may be relevant in the early pathogenesis of osteoarthritis (OA). Due to its short transverse relaxation, the OCJ is invisible to clinical MR sequences. The purpose of this study was to develop a fast 3D T1-weighted ultrashort echo time cones sequence with fat saturation (FS-UTE-Cones) for high resolution and high contrast imaging of the OCJ on a clinical 3T scanner. First, numerical simulations were performed to investigate how the flip angle affected the signal intensities and contrasts of both short and long T1 tissues. The results from these simulations demonstrated that higher short T1 contrast could be achieved with higher flip angle. Next, T1 relaxation was measured for the different layers of a human patellar cartilage sample, and the results showed that the deepest layer had a significantly shorter T1 value than other layers. Finally, a healthy knee joint was scanned with different flip angles and the OCJ was highlighted in the T1-weighted FS-UTE-Cones sequence using a flip angle greater than 20°. The clinical T2-weighted and proton density-weighted FSE sequences were also included for comparison, revealing a dark OCJ region. Representative T1-weighted FS-UTE-Cones images of the whole knee of a healthy volunteer showed high signal intensity bands in the OCJ regions of the patella, femur, and tibia. On the other hand, T1-weighted FS-UTE-Cones imaging of the knee joints of OA patients revealed regions with reduction or loss of these high signal intensity bands in the OCJ regions, indicating abnormal OCJ tissue composition. The proposed 3D T1-weighted FS-UTE-Cones sequence with a 3-min scan time may be very useful for demonstrating the involvement of the OCJ regions in early OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyu Cai
- Department of Radiology, Fuwai Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangdong, China; Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Zhao Wei
- Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Mei Wu
- Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Saeed Jerban
- Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Hyungseok Jang
- Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Shaolin Li
- Department of Radiology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong, China
| | - Xuchun Yuan
- Department of Radiology, Fuwai Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangdong, China
| | - Ya-Jun Ma
- Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA.
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12
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Rytky SJO, Tiulpin A, Frondelius T, Finnilä MAJ, Karhula SS, Leino J, Pritzker KPH, Valkealahti M, Lehenkari P, Joukainen A, Kröger H, Nieminen HJ, Saarakkala S. Automating three-dimensional osteoarthritis histopathological grading of human osteochondral tissue using machine learning on contrast-enhanced micro-computed tomography. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2020; 28:1133-1144. [PMID: 32437969 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2020.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To develop and validate a machine learning (ML) approach for automatic three-dimensional (3D) histopathological grading of osteochondral samples imaged with contrast-enhanced micro-computed tomography (CEμCT). DESIGN A total of 79 osteochondral cores from 24 total knee arthroplasty patients and two asymptomatic donors were imaged using CEμCT with phosphotungstic acid -staining. Volumes-of-interest (VOI) in surface (SZ), deep (DZ) and calcified (CZ) zones were extracted depth-wise and subjected to dimensionally reduced Local Binary Pattern -textural feature analysis. Regularized linear and logistic regression (LR) models were trained zone-wise against the manually assessed semi-quantitative histopathological CEμCT grades (diameter = 2 mm samples). Models were validated using nested leave-one-out cross-validation and an independent test set (4 mm samples). The performance was primarily assessed using Mean Squared Error (MSE) and Average Precision (AP, confidence intervals are given in square brackets). RESULTS Highest performance on cross-validation was observed for SZ, both on linear regression (MSE = 0.49, 0.69 and 0.71 for SZ, DZ and CZ, respectively) and LR (AP = 0.9 [0.77-0.99], 0.46 [0.28-0.67] and 0.65 [0.41-0.85] for SZ, DZ and CZ, respectively). The test set evaluations yielded increased MSE on all zones. For LR, the performance was also best for the SZ (AP = 0.85 [0.73-0.93], 0.82 [0.70-0.92] and 0.8 [0.67-0.9], for SZ, DZ and CZ, respectively). CONCLUSION We present the first ML-based automatic 3D histopathological osteoarthritis (OA) grading method which also adequately perform on grading unseen data, especially in SZ. After further development, the method could potentially be applied by OA researchers since the grading software and all source codes are publicly available.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J O Rytky
- Research Unit of Medical Imaging, Physics and Technology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
| | - A Tiulpin
- Research Unit of Medical Imaging, Physics and Technology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland; Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland.
| | - T Frondelius
- Research Unit of Medical Imaging, Physics and Technology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
| | - M A J Finnilä
- Research Unit of Medical Imaging, Physics and Technology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland; Medical Research Center, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
| | - S S Karhula
- Research Unit of Medical Imaging, Physics and Technology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland; Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland.
| | - J Leino
- Research Unit of Medical Imaging, Physics and Technology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
| | - K P H Pritzker
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, Surgery University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
| | - M Valkealahti
- Department of Surgery and Intensive Care, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland.
| | - P Lehenkari
- Medical Research Center, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland; Department of Surgery and Intensive Care, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland; Cancer and Translational Medical Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
| | - A Joukainen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Traumatology and Hand Surgery, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland.
| | - H Kröger
- Department of Orthopaedics, Traumatology and Hand Surgery, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland.
| | - H J Nieminen
- Dept. of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland; Research Unit of Medical Imaging, Physics and Technology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
| | - S Saarakkala
- Research Unit of Medical Imaging, Physics and Technology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland; Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland.
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13
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3D High-Frequency Ultrasound Imaging of Cartilage-Bone Interface Compared with Micro-CT. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:6906148. [PMID: 32596353 PMCID: PMC7285412 DOI: 10.1155/2020/6906148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Cartilage-bone interface (CBI) is a complex structure which bears important information in pathophysiology of osteoarthritis (OA). While high-frequency ultrasound (US) has been widely used for the investigation of articular cartilage, 3D imaging of CBI using US is less commonly reported in this field. Here, we adopted a 3D high-frequency ultrasound imaging approach specifically for the investigation of CBI in human knee samples. Fifteen osteochondral disks from the tibial plateau of seven OA patients were prepared in vitro and scanned using both high-frequency US and micro-CT imaging. The 3D morphology of the tidemark was reconstructed and compared using an image registration approach between the two imaging modalities. Results showed that the 3D tidemark could be well registered between the two imaging methods with a mean surface discrepancy of 33.2 ± 9.9 μm. Quantitative surface waviness/roughness parameter analysis showed significant correlations between the two imaging modalities. An intensity projected en face imaging was proposed to probe characteristic details of the CBI such as its perforations. This study provided evidence for the 3D high-frequency ultrasound as a nonionizing radiation imaging tool potentially useful to evaluate the change of CBI in basic research of join diseases including OA.
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14
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Tiulpin A, Finnilä M, Lehenkari P, Nieminen HJ, Saarakkala S. Deep-Learning for Tidemark Segmentation in Human Osteochondral Tissues Imaged with Micro-computed Tomography. ADVANCED CONCEPTS FOR INTELLIGENT VISION SYSTEMS 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-40605-9_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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15
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Sanjurjo-Rodriguez C, Baboolal TG, Burska AN, Ponchel F, El-Jawhari JJ, Pandit H, McGonagle D, Jones E. Gene expression and functional comparison between multipotential stromal cells from lateral and medial condyles of knee osteoarthritis patients. Sci Rep 2019; 9:9321. [PMID: 31249374 PMCID: PMC6597541 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-45820-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common degenerative joint disorder. Multipotential stromal cells (MSCs) have a crucial role in joint repair, but how OA severity affects their characteristics remains unknown. Knee OA provides a good model to study this, as osteochondral damage is commonly more severe in the medial weight-bearing compartment compared to lateral side of the joint. This study utilised in vitro functional assays, cell sorting, gene expression and immunohistochemistry to compare MSCs from medial and lateral OA femoral condyles. Despite greater cartilage loss and bone sclerosis in medial condyles, there was no significant differences in MSC numbers, growth rates or surface phenotype. Culture-expanded and freshly-purified medial-condyle MSCs expressed higher levels of several ossification-related genes. Using CD271-staining to identify MSCs, their presence and co-localisation with TRAP-positive chondroclasts was noted in the vascular channels breaching the osteochondral junction in lateral condyles. In medial condyles, MSCs were additionally found in small cavities within the sclerotic plate. These data indicate subchondral MSCs may be involved in OA progression by participating in cartilage destruction, calcification and sclerotic plate formation and that they remain abundant in severe disease. Biological or biomechanical modulation of these MSCs may be a new strategy towards cartilage and bone restoration in knee OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Sanjurjo-Rodriguez
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom.,University of A Coruña, Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine group, Biomedical Sciences, Medicine and Physiotherapy department; CIBER-BBN, Institute of Biomedical Research of A Coruña (INIBIC)-Centre of Advanced Scientific Researches (CICA), A Coruña, Spain
| | - Thomas G Baboolal
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom.,NIHR Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Agata N Burska
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Frederique Ponchel
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Jehan J El-Jawhari
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom.,Clinical Pathology department, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Hemant Pandit
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom.,NIHR Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Leeds, United Kingdom.,Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Dennis McGonagle
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom.,NIHR Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Leeds, United Kingdom.,Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Elena Jones
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom.
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16
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Ma YJ, Jerban S, Carl M, Wan L, Guo T, Jang H, Bydder GM, Chang EY, Du J. Imaging of the region of the osteochondral junction (OCJ) using a 3D adiabatic inversion recovery prepared ultrashort echo time cones (3D IR-UTE-cones) sequence at 3 T. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2019; 32:e4080. [PMID: 30794338 PMCID: PMC7895481 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Revised: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to develop a 3D adiabatic inversion recovery prepared ultrashort echo time Cones (3D IR-UTE-Cones) sequence for high resolution and contrast imaging of the region of osteochondral junction (OCJ) of human knee joint using a clinical 3 T scanner. A feasibility study on direct imaging of the OCJ region was performed on a human patellar cartilage sample and on eight cadaveric knee joints using T1 -weighted, proton density (PD)-weighted and short-T2 -weighted 3D IR-UTE-Cones sequences. Contrast to noise ratio was measured to evaluate the effectiveness of the 3D IR-UTE-Cones sequences for selective imaging of the OCJ region. Computed tomography imaging was performed in parallel for the cadaveric knee joints. The optimized T1 -weighted 3D IR-UTE-Cones sequence was used to image the knee joints of eight healthy volunteers and six patients with osteoarthritis (OA) to evaluate morphological changes in the OCJ region. Clinical PD- and T2 -weighted FSE sequences were also performed for comparison. The T1 -weighted 3D IR-UTE-Cones sequence showed high resolution and contrast bright band of the normal OCJ region in the cadaveric joints. Normal OCJ appearances were also seen in healthy volunteers. Abnormal OCJ regions, manifested as ill-defined, focal loss or non-visualization of the high intensity band adjacent to the subchondral bone plate, were observed in the knee joints of both ex vivo and in vivo OA patients. The 3D IR-UTE-Cones sequence can image OCJ regions ex vivo and in vivo, with abnormalities depicted with high resolution and contrast. The technique may be useful for demonstrating involvement of OCJ regions in early OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Jun Ma
- Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, CA
| | - Saeed Jerban
- Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, CA
| | | | - Lidi Wan
- Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, CA
| | - Tan Guo
- Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, CA
| | - Hyungseok Jang
- Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, CA
| | - Graeme M Bydder
- Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, CA
| | - Eric Y Chang
- Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, CA
- Radiology Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA
| | - Jiang Du
- Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, CA
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