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Oláh T, Cucchiarini M, Madry H. Temporal progression of subchondral bone alterations in OA models involving induction of compromised meniscus integrity in mice and rats: A scoping review. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2024:S1063-4584(24)01256-1. [PMID: 38876436 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2024.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To categorize the temporal progression of subchondral bone alterations induced by compromising meniscus integrity in mouse and rat models of knee osteoarthritis (OA). METHOD Scoping review of investigations reporting subchondral bone changes with appropriate negative controls in the different mouse and rat models of OA induced by compromising meniscus integrity. RESULTS The available literature provides appropriate temporal detail on subchondral changes in these models, covering the entire spectrum of OA with an emphasis on early and mid-term time points. Microstructural changes of the subarticular spongiosa are comprehensively described; those of the subchondral bone plate are not. In mouse models, global subchondral bone alterations are unidirectional, involving an advancing sclerosis of the trabecular structure over time. In rats, biphasic subchondral bone alterations begin with an osteopenic degeneration and loss of subchondral trabeculae, progressing to a late sclerosis of the entire subchondral bone. Rat models, independently from the applied technique, relatively faithfully mirror the early bone loss detected in larger animals, and the late subchondral bone sclerosis observed in human advanced OA. CONCLUSION Mice and rats allow us to study the microstructural consequences of compromising meniscus integrity at high temporal detail. Thickening of the subchondral bone plate, an early loss of thinner subarticular trabecular elements, followed by a subsequent sclerosis of the entire subchondral bone are all important and reliable hallmarks that occur in parallel with the advancing articular cartilage degeneration. Thoughtful decisions on the study design, laterality, selection of controls and volumes of interest are crucial to obtain meaningful data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamás Oláh
- Center of Experimental Orthopaedics, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary.
| | - Magali Cucchiarini
- Center of Experimental Orthopaedics, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany.
| | - Henning Madry
- Center of Experimental Orthopaedics, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany.
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Shin H, Prasad V, Lupancu T, Malik S, Achuthan A, Biondo M, Kingwell BA, Thiem M, Gottschalk M, Weighardt H, Förster I, de Steiger R, Hamilton JA, Lee KMC. The GM-CSF/CCL17 pathway in obesity-associated osteoarthritic pain and disease in mice. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2023; 31:1327-1341. [PMID: 37225052 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2023.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We have previously identified a granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF)/C-C motif ligand 17 (CCL17) pathway in monocytes/macrophages, in which GM-CSF regulates the formation of CCL17, and it is important for an experimental osteoarthritis (OA) model. We explore here additional OA models, including in the presence of obesity, such as a requirement for this pathway. DESIGN The roles of GM-CSF, CCL17, CCR4, and CCL22 in various experimental OA models, including those incorporating obesity (eight-week high-fat diet), were investigated using gene-deficient male mice. Pain-like behavior and arthritis were assessed by relative static weight distribution and histology, respectively. Cell populations (flow cytometry) and cytokine messenger RNA (mRNA) expression (qPCR) in knee infrapatellar fat pad were analyzed. Human OA sera were collected for circulating CCL17 levels (ELISA) and OA knee synovial tissue for gene expression (qPCR). RESULTS We present evidence that: i) GM-CSF, CCL17, and CCR4, but not CCL22, are required for the development of pain-like behavior and optimal disease in three experimental OA models, as well as for exacerbated OA development due to obesity, ii) obesity alone leads to spontaneous knee joint damage in a GM-CSF- and CCL17-dependent manner, and iii) in knee OA patients, early indications are that BMI correlates with a lower Oxford Knee Score (r = -0.458 and p = 0.0096), with elevated circulating CCL17 levels (r = 0.2108 and p = 0.0153) and with elevated GM-CSF and CCL17 gene expression in OA synovial tissue. CONCLUSIONS The above findings indicate that GM-CSF, CCL17, and CCR4 are involved in obesity-associated OA development, broadening their potential as targets for possible treatments for OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heonsu Shin
- Department of Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3050 Australia; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | - Varun Prasad
- Department of Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3050 Australia; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | - Tanya Lupancu
- Department of Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3050 Australia; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | - Shveta Malik
- Department of Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3050 Australia; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | - Adrian Achuthan
- Department of Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3050 Australia; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | - Mark Biondo
- CSL Ltd, Bio21 Institute, Parkville, Victoria 3050 Australia; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | - Bronwyn A Kingwell
- CSL Ltd, Bio21 Institute, Parkville, Victoria 3050 Australia; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | - Manja Thiem
- Immunology and Environment, Life and Medical Sciences Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | - Marlene Gottschalk
- Immunology and Environment, Life and Medical Sciences Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | - Heike Weighardt
- Immunology and Environment, Life and Medical Sciences Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | - Irmgard Förster
- Immunology and Environment, Life and Medical Sciences Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | - Richard de Steiger
- Department of Surgery, Epworth Healthcare, University of Melbourne, Richmond, Victoria 3121, Australia; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | - John A Hamilton
- Department of Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3050 Australia; Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), The University of Melbourne and Western Health, St. Albans, Victoria 3021, Australia; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | - Kevin M-C Lee
- Department of Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3050 Australia; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia.
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Macfarlane E, Cavanagh L, Fong-Yee C, Tuckermann J, Chen D, Little CB, Seibel MJ, Zhou H. Deletion of the chondrocyte glucocorticoid receptor attenuates cartilage degradation through suppression of early synovial activation in murine posttraumatic osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2023; 31:1189-1201. [PMID: 37105394 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2023.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Disruption of endogenous glucocorticoid signalling in bone cells attenuates osteoarthritis (OA) in aged mice, however, the role of endogenous glucocorticoids in chondrocytes is unknown. Here, we investigated whether deletion of the glucocorticoid receptor, specifically in chondrocytes, also alters OA progression. DESIGN Knee OA was induced by surgical destabilisation of the medial meniscus (DMM) in male 22-week-old tamoxifen-inducible glucocorticoid receptor knockout (chGRKO) mice and their wild-type (WT) littermates (n = 7-9/group). Mice were harvested 2, 4, 8 and 16 weeks after surgery to examine the spatiotemporal changes in molecular, cellular, and histological characteristics. RESULTS At all time points following DMM, cartilage damage was significantly attenuated in chGRKO compared to WT mice. Two weeks after DMM, WT mice exhibited increased chondrocyte and synoviocyte hypoxia inducible factor (HIF)-2α expression resulting in extensive synovial activation characterised by synovial thickening and increased interleukin-1 beta expression. At 2 and 4 weeks after DMM, WT mice displayed pronounced chondrocyte senescence and elevated catabolic signalling (reduced Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1) and increased matrix metalloprotease [MMP]-13 expression). Contrastingly, at 2 weeks after DMM, HIF-2α expression and synovial activation were much less pronounced in chGRKO than in WT mice. Furthermore, chondrocyte YAP1 and MMP-13 expression, as well as chondrocyte senescence were similar in chGRKO-DMM mice and sham-operated controls. CONCLUSION Endogenous glucocorticoid signalling in chondrocytes promotes synovial activation, chondrocyte senescence and cartilage degradation by upregulation of catabolic signalling through HIF-2α in murine posttraumatic OA. These findings indicate that inhibition of glucocorticoid signalling early after injury may present a promising way to slow osteoarthritic cartilage degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugenie Macfarlane
- Bone Research Program, ANZAC Research Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| | - Lauryn Cavanagh
- Bone Research Program, ANZAC Research Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| | - Colette Fong-Yee
- Bone Research Program, ANZAC Research Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| | - Jan Tuckermann
- Institute of Comparative Molecular Endocrinology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Baden-Württemberg, Germany.
| | - Di Chen
- Research Center for Human Tissues and Organs Degeneration, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
| | - Christopher B Little
- Raymond Purves Laboratories, Kolling Institute and Institute of Bone and Joint Research, University of Sydney, and Royal North Shore Hospital, St. Leonards, NSW, Australia.
| | - Markus J Seibel
- Bone Research Program, ANZAC Research Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| | - Hong Zhou
- Bone Research Program, ANZAC Research Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
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Xiong L, Luo T, Wang L, Weng Z, Song H, Wang F, Shen X. Potential of food protein-derived peptides for the improvement of osteoarthritis. Trends Food Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2022.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Shi H, Li B, Gao H, He H, Wu Z, Magdaloud J, Wang H, Chen L. Intrauterine programming of cartilaginous 11β-HSD2 induced by corticosterone and caffeine mediated susceptibility to adult osteoarthritis. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 239:113624. [PMID: 35588619 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Our previous study reported that prenatal caffeine exposure (PCE) could induce chondrodysplasia and increase the susceptibility to osteoarthritis in offspring rats. However, the potential mechanisms and initiating factors remain unknown. This study aims to investigate whether 11β-HSD2, a glucocorticoid-metabolizing enzyme, is involved in the susceptibility of osteoarthritis induced by PCE and to further explore its potential mechanisms and initiating factors. Firstly, we found that PCE reduced cartilage matrix synthesis (aggrecan/Col2a1 expression) in male adult offspring rats and exhibited an osteoarthritis phenotype following chronic stress, which was associated with persistently reduced H3K9ac and H3K27ac levels at the promoter of 11β-HSD2 as well as its expression in the cartilage from fetus to adulthood. The expression of 11β-HSD2, aggrecan and Col2a1 were all decreased by corticosterone in the fetal chondrocytes, while overexpression of 11β-HSD2 could partially alleviate the decrease of matrix synthesis induced by corticosterone in vitro. Furthermore, the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) activated by glucocorticoids directly bonded to the promoter region of 11β-HSD2 to inhibit its expression. Meanwhile, the activated GR reduced the H3K9ac and H3K27ac levels of 11β-HSD2 by recruiting HDAC4 and promoting GR-HDAC4 protein interaction to inhibit the 11β-HSD2 expression. Moreover, caffeine could reduce the expression of 11β-HSD2 by inhibiting the cAMP/PKA signaling pathway but without reducing the H3K9ac and H3K27ac levels of 11β-HSD2, thereby synergistically enhancing the corticosterone effect. In conclusion, the persistently reduced H3K9ac and H3K27ac levels of 11β-HSD2 from fetus to adulthood mediated the inhibition of cartilage matrix synthesis and the increased susceptibility to osteoarthritis. This epigenetic programming change in utero was induced by glucocorticoids with synergistic effect of caffeine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huasong Shi
- Division of Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Bin Li
- Division of Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China; Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Hui Gao
- Division of Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Hangyuan He
- Division of Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Zhixin Wu
- Division of Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | | | - Hui Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Wuhan University Taikang Medical School (School of Basic Medical Sciences), Wuhan 430071, China; Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Wuhan 430071, China.
| | - Liaobin Chen
- Division of Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China; Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Wuhan 430071, China.
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Du Z, You X, Wu D, Huang S, Zhou Z. Rhythm disturbance in osteoarthritis. Cell Commun Signal 2022; 20:70. [PMID: 35610652 PMCID: PMC9128097 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-022-00891-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the main causes of disabilities among older people. To date, multiple disease-related molecular networks in OA have been identified, including abnormal mechanical loadings and local inflammation. These pathways have not, however, properly elucidated the mechanism of OA progression. Recently, sufficient evidence has suggested that rhythmic disturbances in the central nervous system (CNS) and local joint tissues affect the homeostasis of joint and can escalate pathological changes of OA. This is accompanied with an exacerbation of joint symptoms that interfere with the rhythm of CNS in reverse. Eventually, these processes aggravate OA progression. At present, the crosstalk between joint tissues and biological rhythm remains poorly understood. As such, the mechanisms of rhythm changes in joint tissues are worth study; in particular, research on the effect of rhythmic genes on metabolism and inflammation would facilitate the understanding of the natural rhythms of joint tissues and the OA pathology resulting from rhythm disturbance. Video Abstract
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze Du
- Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, China.,Department of Orthopedics and Research institute of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xuanhe You
- Department of Orthopedics and Research institute of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Diwei Wu
- Department of Orthopedics and Research institute of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Shishu Huang
- Department of Orthopedics and Research institute of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Zongke Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, China. .,Department of Orthopedics and Research institute of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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Thielen NGM, Neefjes M, Vitters EL, van Beuningen HM, Blom AB, Koenders MI, van Lent PLEM, van de Loo FAJ, Blaney Davidson EN, van Caam APM, van der Kraan PM. Identification of Transcription Factors Responsible for a Transforming Growth Factor-β-Driven Hypertrophy-like Phenotype in Human Osteoarthritic Chondrocytes. Cells 2022; 11:cells11071232. [PMID: 35406794 PMCID: PMC8998018 DOI: 10.3390/cells11071232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
During osteoarthritis (OA), hypertrophy-like chondrocytes contribute to the disease process. TGF-β's signaling pathways can contribute to a hypertrophy(-like) phenotype in chondrocytes, especially at high doses of TGF-β. In this study, we examine which transcription factors (TFs) are activated and involved in TGF-β-dependent induction of a hypertrophy-like phenotype in human OA chondrocytes. We found that TGF-β, at levels found in synovial fluid in OA patients, induces hypertrophic differentiation, as characterized by increased expression of RUNX2, COL10A1, COL1A1, VEGFA and IHH. Using luciferase-based TF activity assays, we observed that the expression of these hypertrophy genes positively correlated to SMAD3:4, STAT3 and AP1 activity. Blocking these TFs using specific inhibitors for ALK-5-induced SMAD signaling (5 µM SB-505124), JAK-STAT signaling (1 µM Tofacitinib) and JNK signaling (10 µM SP-600125) led to the striking observation that only SB-505124 repressed the expression of hypertrophy factors in TGF-β-stimulated chondrocytes. Therefore, we conclude that ALK5 kinase activity is essential for TGF-β-induced expression of crucial hypertrophy factors in chondrocytes.
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Skeletal glucocorticoid signalling determines leptin resistance and obesity in aging mice. Mol Metab 2020; 42:101098. [PMID: 33045434 PMCID: PMC7596342 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2020.101098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Aging and chronic glucocorticoid excess share a number of critical features, including the development of central obesity, insulin resistance and osteoporosis. Previous studies have shown that skeletal glucocorticoid signalling increases with aging and that osteoblasts mediate the detrimental skeletal and metabolic effects of chronic glucocorticoid excess. Here, we investigated whether endogenous glucocorticoid action in the skeleton contributes to metabolic dysfunction during normal aging. Methods Mice lacking glucocorticoid signalling in osteoblasts and osteocytes (HSD2OB/OCY-tg mice) and their wild-type littermates were studied until 3, 6, 12 and 18 months of age. Body composition, adipose tissue morphology, skeletal gene expression and glucose/insulin tolerance were assessed at each timepoint. Leptin sensitivity was assessed by arcuate nucleus STAT3 phosphorylation and inhibition of feeding following leptin administration. Tissue-specific glucose uptake and adipose tissue oxygen consumption rate were also measured. Results As they aged, wild-type mice became obese and insulin-resistant. In contrast, HSD2OB/OCY-tg mice remained lean and insulin-sensitive during aging. Obesity in wild-type mice was due to leptin resistance, evidenced by an impaired ability of exogenous leptin to suppress food intake and phosphorylate hypothalamic STAT3, from 6 months of age onwards. In contrast, HSD2OB/OCY-tg mice remained leptin-sensitive throughout the study. Compared to HSD2OB/OCY-tg mice, leptin-resistant wild-type mice displayed attenuated sympathetic outflow, with reduced tyrosine hydroxylase expression in both the hypothalamus and thermogenic adipose tissues. Adipose tissue oxygen consumption rate declined progressively in aging wild-type mice but was maintained in HSD2OB/OCY-tg mice. At 18 months of age, adipose tissue glucose uptake was increased 3.7-fold in HSD2OB/OCY-tg mice, compared to wild-type mice. Conclusions Skeletal glucocorticoid signalling is critical for the development of leptin resistance, obesity and insulin resistance during aging. These findings underscore the skeleton's importance in the regulation of body weight and implicate osteoblastic/osteocytic glucocorticoid signalling in the aetiology of aging-related obesity and metabolic disease. As they aged, wild-type CD1 mice became hyperphagic, obese and insulin-resistant. Mice lacking skeletal glucocorticoid signalling (HSD2OB/OCY-tg) were lean and healthy. Unlike wild-type mice, HSD2OB/OCY-tg mice remained leptin-sensitive during aging. Adipose tissue sympathetic outflow was maintained in aging HSD2OB/OCY-tg mice.
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Arthritis and the role of endogenous glucocorticoids. Bone Res 2020; 8:33. [PMID: 32963891 PMCID: PMC7478967 DOI: 10.1038/s41413-020-00112-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis, the most common forms of arthritis, are chronic, painful, and disabling conditions. Although both diseases differ in etiology, they manifest in progressive joint destruction characterized by pathological changes in the articular cartilage, bone, and synovium. While the potent anti-inflammatory properties of therapeutic (i.e., exogenous) glucocorticoids have been heavily researched and are widely used in clinical practice, the role of endogenous glucocorticoids in arthritis susceptibility and disease progression remains poorly understood. Current evidence from mouse models suggests that local endogenous glucocorticoid signaling is upregulated by the pro-inflammatory microenvironment in rheumatoid arthritis and by aging-related mechanisms in osteoarthritis. Furthermore, these models indicate that endogenous glucocorticoid signaling in macrophages, mast cells, and chondrocytes has anti-inflammatory effects, while signaling in fibroblast-like synoviocytes, myocytes, osteoblasts, and osteocytes has pro-inflammatory actions in rheumatoid arthritis. Conversely, in osteoarthritis, endogenous glucocorticoid signaling in both osteoblasts and chondrocytes has destructive actions. Together these studies provide insights into the role of endogenous glucocorticoids in the pathogenesis of both inflammatory and degenerative joint disease.
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Ahmad M, Hachemi Y, Paxian K, Mengele F, Koenen M, Tuckermann J. A Jack of All Trades: Impact of Glucocorticoids on Cellular Cross-Talk in Osteoimmunology. Front Immunol 2019; 10:2460. [PMID: 31681333 PMCID: PMC6811614 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucocorticoids (GCs) are known to have a strong impact on the immune system, metabolism, and bone homeostasis. While these functions have been long investigated separately in immunology, metabolism, or bone biology, the understanding of how GCs regulate the cellular cross-talk between innate immune cells, mesenchymal cells, and other stromal cells has been garnering attention rather recently. Here we review the recent findings of GC action in osteoporosis, inflammatory bone diseases (rheumatoid and osteoarthritis), and bone regeneration during fracture healing. We focus on studies of pre-clinical animal models that enable dissecting the role of GC actions in innate immune cells, stromal cells, and bone cells using conditional and function-selective mutant mice of the GC receptor (GR), or mice with impaired GC signaling. Importantly, GCs do not only directly affect cellular functions, but also influence the cross-talk between mesenchymal and immune cells, contributing to both beneficial and adverse effects of GCs. Given the importance of endogenous GCs as stress hormones and the wide prescription of pharmaceutical GCs, an improved understanding of GC action is decisive for tackling inflammatory bone diseases, osteoporosis, and aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mubashir Ahmad
- Institute of Comparative Molecular Endocrinology (CME), University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Yasmine Hachemi
- Institute of Comparative Molecular Endocrinology (CME), University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Kevin Paxian
- Institute of Comparative Molecular Endocrinology (CME), University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Florian Mengele
- Institute of Comparative Molecular Endocrinology (CME), University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
- Praxisklinik für Orthopädie, Unfall- und Neurochirurgie Prof. Bischoff/ Dr. Spies/ Dr. Mengele, Neu-Ulm, Germany
| | - Mascha Koenen
- Institute of Comparative Molecular Endocrinology (CME), University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Jan Tuckermann
- Institute of Comparative Molecular Endocrinology (CME), University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
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Liang S, Wang ZG, Zhang ZZ, Chen K, Lv ZT, Wang YT, Cheng P, Sun K, Yang Q, Chen AM. Decreased RIPK1 expression in chondrocytes alleviates osteoarthritis via the TRIF/MyD88-RIPK1-TRAF2 negative feedback loop. Aging (Albany NY) 2019; 11:8664-8680. [PMID: 31606726 PMCID: PMC6814603 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common degenerative joint disease and involves the loss of articular cartilage integrity, formation of articular osteophytes, remodeling of subchondral bone, and synovitis. Knockdown of receptor interacting serine/threonine kinase (RIPK) 1 leads to anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects. However, the involvement of RIPK1 in the pathogenesis of OA is unclear. Here, we evaluated the effect of RIPK1 on chondrocytes and elaborated the underlying molecular mechanism. Knockdown of RIPK1 protected chondrocytes against inflammation and apoptosis induced by interleukin (IL)-1β in vitro and in vivo. RIPK1 was required for myeloid differentiation primary response 88 (MyD88)- and TIR-domain-containing adapter-inducing interferon b (TRIF)-mediated production of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in OA. Moreover, overexpression of RIPK1 promoted the expression of tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 2 (TRAF2), which blocked the expression and phosphorylation of RIPK1. Upregulation of TRAF2 decreased the expression of TRIF, MyD88, and MMPs in chondrocytes. Furthermore, knockdown of RIPK1 blocked activation of the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling pathways. In summary, knockdown of RIPK1 alleviated OA in a manner mediated by the TRIF/MyD88-RIPK1-TRAF2 negative feedback loop and activation of the NF-κB and JNK signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Liang
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Zheng-Gang Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Zhen-Zhen Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Kun Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230001, P.R. China
| | - Zheng-Tao Lv
- Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Yu-Ting Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Peng Cheng
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Kai Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Qing Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - An-Min Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
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Physiological and Pathological Role of Circadian Hormones in Osteoarthritis: Dose-Dependent or Time-Dependent? J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8091415. [PMID: 31500387 PMCID: PMC6781184 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8091415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Revised: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA), the most common form of arthritis, may be triggered by improper secretion of circadian clock-regulated hormones, such as melatonin, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), or cortisol. The imbalance of these hormones alters the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and cartilage degenerative enzymes in articular cartilage, resulting in cartilage erosion, synovial inflammation, and osteophyte formation, the major hallmarks of OA. In this review, we summarize the effects of circadian melatonin, TSH, and cortisol on OA, focusing on how different levels of these hormones affect OA pathogenesis and recovery with respect to the circadian clock. We also highlight the effects of melatonin, TSH, and cortisol at different concentrations both in vivo and in vitro, which may help to elucidate the relationship between circadian hormones and OA.
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