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Differences in bone density on chest CT according to smoking status in males without chronic obstructive lung disease. Sci Rep 2019; 9:10467. [PMID: 31477745 PMCID: PMC6718668 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-46830-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The goals of this study were to determine whether bone density measured using CT (CTBD) can show significant differences in bone loss according to smoking status and pack-years, and to examine the correlation between CTBD and bone mineral density when measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA-BMD) in males without chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). In this cross-sectional study, 1,011 males without airflow obstruction ≥50 years old were included. CTBD and DEXA-BMD were compared among groups with different smoking statuses. The correlation between CTBD and DEXA-BMD and the association of CTBD with pack-years were also investigated. CTBD of all vertebral bodies (VBs) and DEXA-BMD of all VBs without L1 showed significant differences among never, former, and current smokers. CTBD was significantly lowest in ≥30-pack-year smokers and was significantly lower in ≥30-pack-year smokers than in <15-pack-year smokers (all P < 0.05). There were significant correlations between DEXA-BMD and CTBD at all VB levels (correlation coefficient [r], 0.448~0.640; all P < 0.01). A lower CTBD had a significant association with a 15 ≤ x < 30-pack-year smoking history and ≥30-pack-year smoking history, while there was no association with never-smokers. In conclusion, CTBD demonstrated significant differences in bone quality according to smoking status and pack-years in males without COPD.
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Ghadimi R, Hosseini SR, Asefi S, Bijani A, Heidari B, Babaei M. Influence of Smoking on Bone Mineral Density in Elderly Men. Int J Prev Med 2018; 9:111. [PMID: 30687462 PMCID: PMC6326023 DOI: 10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_234_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2016] [Accepted: 04/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Smoking has deleterious effects on bone mass and is associated with the subsequent development of osteoporosis, particularly in elderly participants. The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of smoking in the elderly male smokers. Methods: All male participants aged 60 years and older of the Amirkola cohort who performed bone densitometry entered the study. Bone mineral density (BMD) was measured at the lumbar spine (LS) and femoral neck (FN) using the dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry method. In statistical analysis, the smokers and nonsmokers were compared according to BMD, frequency of low bone mass defined as BMD T-score <−1 at either LS or FN, and the number of bone fractures. SPSS software version 18 was used for analysis. Results: A total of 203 smokers with mean smoking duration of 21.67 ± 17.7 years and the mean number of 36.4 + 15.8 cigarettes per day were compared with 408 nonsmokers. The mean BMD values in LS (0.90 ± 0.14 vs. 0.94 ± 0.19) and FN section (0.87 ± 0.13 vs. 0.89 ± 0.15) and also the frequency of bone fractures were significantly lower, and the frequency of low bone mass at either LS and FN was significantly higher in smokers (P = 0.014, 0.038, 0.003, and 0.004, respectively). In multiple logistic regression analysis, smoking was independently associated with low bone mass by odds ratio of = 2.27 (95% confidence interval: 1.49–3.44). Conclusions: These findings indicate a significant association between low bone mass and bone fracture at either LS or FN in the elderly male smokers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Ghadimi
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.,Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Seyyed Reza Hosseini
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.,Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Samaneh Asefi
- Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Ali Bijani
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Behzad Heidari
- Mobility Impairment Research Center, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Mansour Babaei
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rohani Hospital, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
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AL-Bashaireh AM, Haddad LG, Weaver M, Kelly DL, Chengguo X, Yoon S. The Effect of Tobacco Smoking on Musculoskeletal Health: A Systematic Review. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 2018:4184190. [PMID: 30112011 PMCID: PMC6077562 DOI: 10.1155/2018/4184190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
This systematic review explored associations between smoking and health outcomes involving the musculoskeletal system. AMSTAR criteria were followed. A comprehensive search of PubMed, Web of Science, and Science Direct returned 243 articles meeting inclusion criteria. A majority of studies found smoking has negative effects on the musculoskeletal system. In research on bones, smoking was associated with lower BMD, increased fracture risk, periodontitis, alveolar bone loss, and dental implant failure. In research on joints, smoking was associated with increased joint disease activity, poor functional outcomes, and poor therapeutic response. There was also evidence of adverse effects on muscles, tendons, cartilage, and ligaments. There were few studies on the musculoskeletal health outcomes of secondhand smoke, smoking cessation, or other modes of smoking, such as waterpipes or electronic cigarettes. This review found evidence that suggests tobacco smoking has negative effects on the health outcomes of the musculoskeletal system. There is a need for further research to understand mechanisms of action for the effects of smoking on the musculoskeletal system and to increase awareness of healthcare providers and community members of the adverse effects of smoking on the musculoskeletal system.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Linda G. Haddad
- College of Health and Human Services, University of North Carolina Wilmington, Wilmington, NC, USA
| | - Michael Weaver
- College of Nursing, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | | | - Xing Chengguo
- College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Saunjoo Yoon
- College of Nursing, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
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Marques EA, Elbejjani M, Gudnason V, Sigurdsson G, Lang T, Sigurdsson S, Aspelund T, Siggeirsdottir K, Launer L, Eiriksdottir G, Harris TB. Cigarette smoking and hip volumetric bone mineral density and cortical volume loss in older adults: The AGES-Reykjavik study. Bone 2018; 108:186-192. [PMID: 29331300 PMCID: PMC5803432 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2018.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Revised: 12/27/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the relationships of several indicators of cigarette smoking habits (smoking status, pack-years, age at smoking initiation and smoking cessation) with quantitative computed tomographic (QCT)-derived proximal femur bone measures (trabecular vBMD, integral vBMD and the ratio of cortical to total tissue volume (cvol/ivol)) and with subsequent change in these measures over the next five years. A total of 2673 older adults (55.9% women), aged 66-92 years at baseline from the Age, Gene/Environment Susceptibility (AGES)-Reykjavik Study, who had two QCT scans of the hip were studied. In multivariable linear regression models, compared to never-smokers, current smokers had lower cvol/ivol at baseline and former-smokers had poorer measures on all outcomes (lower trabecular vBMD, integral vBMD and cvol/ivol), even when adjusted for several potential confounders. Further, among former smokers, those with higher pack-years had worse bone outcomes and those with longer duration since smoking cessation had better bone health at baseline. Analyses of change in bone measures revealed that compared to never-smokers, current smokers had significantly greater loss of trabecular vBMD, integral vBMD, and cvol/ivol. The regression models included adjustment for sex, age, education, and baseline body mass index, creatinine, % weight change from age 50, 25OHD, physical activity level, high-sensitive C-Reactive protein levels, alcohol and coffee consumption, history of diabetes mellitus, arthritis, and respiratory diseases. In conclusion, both current and former smoking showed adverse associations with bone health assessed with QCT. Results suggest that current smoking in particular may aggravate the rate of bone loss at older age and highlight implications for targeting this risk factor in populations that present higher smoking prevalence and vulnerability to bone fragility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa A Marques
- National Institute on Aging, Intramural Research Program, Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Martine Elbejjani
- National Institute on Aging, Intramural Research Program, Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Vilmundur Gudnason
- Icelandic Heart Association Research Institute, Kópavogur, Iceland; University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Gunnar Sigurdsson
- Icelandic Heart Association Research Institute, Kópavogur, Iceland; University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland; Landspitalinn University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Thomas Lang
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Thor Aspelund
- Icelandic Heart Association Research Institute, Kópavogur, Iceland; Centre of Public Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | | | - Lenore Launer
- National Institute on Aging, Intramural Research Program, Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Tamara B Harris
- National Institute on Aging, Intramural Research Program, Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
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Abstract
➤ Cigarette smoking decreases bone mineral density and increases the risk of sustaining a fracture or tendon injury, with partial reversibility of these risks with long-term cessation of smoking. ➤ Cigarette smoking increases the risk for perioperative complications, nonunion and delayed union of fractures, infection, and soft-tissue and wound-healing complications. ➤ Brief preoperative cessation of smoking may mitigate these perioperative risks. ➤ Informed-consent discussions should include notification of the higher risk of perioperative complications with cigarette smoking and the benefits of temporary cessation of smoking.
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Affiliation(s)
- John J Lee
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan, 2912 Taubman Center, 1500 East Medical Center Drive SPC 5328, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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Chouinard LE, Randall Simpson J, Buchholz AC. Predictors of bone mineral density in a convenience sample of young Caucasian adults living in southern Ontario. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2012; 37:706-14. [DOI: 10.1139/h2012-049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a major public health concern in Canada and worldwide. Although much is known about bone health in older adults, little is known about bone health in young, healthy Canadian men and women. The objectives of this research were to describe bone mineral density (BMD) of young, healthy adults living in southern Ontario, Canada, and to identify predictors of BMD in this population. Two-hundred and fifty-eight Caucasian men and women aged 18–33 years completed health and physical activity questionnaires along with a calcium and vitamin D specific food frequency questionnaire. Height and mass were measured. BMD of the total hip, femoral neck, spine, and total body was measured using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. Among men, body mass, weight-bearing physical activity, and calcium intake were significant predictors of BMD. Among women, body mass, calcium intake, and family history of osteoporosis significantly predicted log BMD. The predictors of BMD in young Canadian men and women identified in this study may inform the development of longitudinal studies designed to examine the influence of lifestyle factors on BMD in young adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura E. Chouinard
- Department of Family Relations and Applied Nutrition, University of Guelph, Macdonald Stewart Hall, 50 Stone Road E, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Janis Randall Simpson
- Department of Family Relations and Applied Nutrition, University of Guelph, Macdonald Stewart Hall, 50 Stone Road E, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Andrea C. Buchholz
- Department of Family Relations and Applied Nutrition, University of Guelph, Macdonald Stewart Hall, 50 Stone Road E, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
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Tamaki J, Iki M, Fujita Y, Kouda K, Yura A, Kadowaki E, Sato Y, Moon JS, Tomioka K, Okamoto N, Kurumatani N. Impact of smoking on bone mineral density and bone metabolism in elderly men: the Fujiwara-kyo Osteoporosis Risk in Men (FORMEN) study. Osteoporos Int 2011; 22:133-41. [PMID: 20383631 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-010-1238-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2009] [Accepted: 03/01/2010] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Our cross-sectional analysis of 1,576 men aged ≥65 years examined smoking effects on bone status. Number of smoking years was associated with decreased bone mineral density (BMD), after adjusting for age, height, weight, and number of cigarettes smoked daily. Smoking did not affect biochemical marker serum values for bone turnover. INTRODUCTION The impact of smoking on bone status in men has not been conclusively established. We examined how smoking and its cessation influence bone status and metabolism in men. METHODS We analyzed 1,576 men among a baseline survey of Japanese men aged ≥65 years, the Fujiwara-kyo Osteoporosis Risk in Men study, conducted during 2007-2008. RESULTS Lumbar spine (LS) BMD values among never, former, and current smokers were 1.045 ± 0.194, 1.030 ± 0.189, and 1.001 ± 0.182 g/cm(2) (P = 0.005), respectively, while total hip (TH) BMD values were 0.888 ± 0.120, 0.885 ± 0.127, and 0.870 ± 0.124 (P = 0.078), respectively. The significant trend for LS BMD remained after adjusting for the covariates; age, height, weight, physical activity, milk consumption, and drinking habit (P = 0.036). Among never and ever (current and former) smokers, LS and TH BMD decreased with the number of pack years or the number of smoking years, respectively, adjusted for those covariates. Among ever smokers, LS and TH BMD decreased with the number of smoking years after adjusting for age, height, weight, and number of cigarettes smoked daily. Smoking did not reveal significant effect for serum osteocalcin or tartrate resistant acid phosphatase isoenzyme 5b. CONCLUSION The impact of smoking on bone status is mainly associated with the number of smoking years in elderly men.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Tamaki
- Department of Public Health, Kinki University School of Medicine, 377-2, Oono-higasi, Osaka-sayama, Osaka, 589-8511, Japan
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