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Zu X, Xin J, Xie H, Xu X, Shen Y, Wang J, Tian S, Wen Y, Li H, Yang J, Fang Y. Characteristics of gut microbiota and metabolic phenotype in patients with major depressive disorder based on multi-omics analysis. J Affect Disord 2024; 344:563-576. [PMID: 37863362 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.10.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
Depression is a chronic, relapsing mental illness, often accompanied by loss of appetite, increased fatigue, insomnia and poor concentration. Here, we performed serum and urine metabolomics and fecal 16S rDNA sequencing studies on 57 unmedicated patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) and 57 healthy controls to characterize the metabolic and flora profile of MDD patients. We observed significant differences in serum and urinary metabolome between MDD patients and healthy individuals. Specifically, glycerophospholipid metabolism, primary bile acid biosynthesis and linoleic acid metabolism were significantly disordered in serum, and aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis, arginine biosynthesis, purine metabolism, phenylalanine metabolism, alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism, and pyrimidine metabolism were significantly impaired in urine. On this basis, we identified four potential diagnostic biomarkers for carnitine and four fatty acid classes in serum and urine, respectively. In addition, we observed significant disturbances of the gut microbiota in MDD patients. Spearman correlation analysis showed that imbalances in the gut microbiota were associated with metabolic disturbances, suggesting an important role of the gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of MDD. Our study provides a theoretical basis for further understanding of the pathogenesis of depression and for future clinical diagnosis and screening, as well as a basis for targeting the gut flora to optimize its structure for the prevention and treatment of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianpeng Zu
- School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Jiayun Xin
- School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China; School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Haisheng Xie
- School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xike Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yunheng Shen
- School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Jinxin Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Saisai Tian
- School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yukun Wen
- Department of Diving and Hyperbaric Medical Research, Naval Medical Center, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Hongxia Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Naval Medical University, China.
| | - Jishun Yang
- Medical Security Center, Naval Medical Center, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Yiqun Fang
- Department of Diving and Hyperbaric Medical Research, Naval Medical Center, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China.
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Dzhindzhikhadze RS, Dreval ON, Lazarev VA, Polyakov AV, Kambiev RL, Fedorov DN, Banina VB, Barbashova AS, Antoshin YM. [Successful microsurgical resection of a large brainstem abscess: case report and literature review]. ZHURNAL VOPROSY NEIROKHIRURGII IMENI N. N. BURDENKO 2022; 86:56-62. [PMID: 35758079 DOI: 10.17116/neiro20228603156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To present a patient with brainstem abscess treated by microsurgical resection. CASE PRESENTATION A 53-years-old female patient admitted to the neurosurgical department in a severe condition with symptoms of intracranial hypertension, hyperthermia, general infectious signs and laboratory manifestations of infectious process. Contrast-enhanced MRI revealed a large brainstem lesion (abscess). Retrosigmoid craniotomy with total microsurgical resection of the abscess was performed. External ventricular drainage was incerted on the second postoperative day due to progressive hydrocephalus with clinical deterioration, it was removed in 8 days. Slow positive dynamics was observed in postoperative period. The patient was discharged in 2 weeks after surgery. CONCLUSION There are no established algorithm for the treatment of brainstem abscesses. Therapeutic approach is advisable for small abscesses. There are 2 neurosurgical options for this lesion: stereotactic drainage and microsurgical resection with or without external ventricular drainage. Treatment strategy depends on location and size of abscess, as well as clinical state of the patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- R S Dzhindzhikhadze
- Vladimirsky Moscow Regional Research Clinical Institute, Moscow, Russia
- Russian Medical Academy for Continuous Professional Education, Moscow, Russia
| | - O N Dreval
- Russian Medical Academy for Continuous Professional Education, Moscow, Russia
| | - V A Lazarev
- Russian Medical Academy for Continuous Professional Education, Moscow, Russia
| | - A V Polyakov
- Vladimirsky Moscow Regional Research Clinical Institute, Moscow, Russia
- Russian Medical Academy for Continuous Professional Education, Moscow, Russia
| | - R L Kambiev
- Vladimirsky Moscow Regional Research Clinical Institute, Moscow, Russia
| | - D N Fedorov
- Vladimirsky Moscow Regional Research Clinical Institute, Moscow, Russia
| | - V B Banina
- Vladimirsky Moscow Regional Research Clinical Institute, Moscow, Russia
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Shoap W, Hayden EA, Crabill GA. Persistent brainstem abscess requiring repeat microsurgical drainage: case report. J Surg Case Rep 2021; 2021:rjab376. [PMID: 34476081 PMCID: PMC8407027 DOI: 10.1093/jscr/rjab376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper, we present a patient who was treated for a pontine abscess at our institution. This patient underwent sub-occipital craniotomy for microscopic abscess drainage after which cultures grew Streptococcus intermedius. She was treated with antibiotics but failed to show clinical improvement and was taken back to the operating room for repeat abscess drainage. Clinical improvement was seen after the second operation. This case report describes open surgical technique as a safe and effective way of treating brainstem abscess.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wesley Shoap
- Department of Neurosurgery, Louisiana State University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Ellery A Hayden
- Department of Neurosurgery, Louisiana State University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - George A Crabill
- Department of Neurosurgery, Louisiana State University, New Orleans, LA, USA
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Leao CF, Couto MP, Lima JASD, Paschoal EHA, Brito JRN. Brainstem abscess treated conservatively. Surg Neurol Int 2020; 11:205. [PMID: 32874708 PMCID: PMC7451144 DOI: 10.25259/sni_569_2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Brainstem abscess is a rare condition with a variety of treatment approaches. In this paper, we report an unusual case of a brainstem abscess with a positive outcome in an immunocompetent patient who was treated with antibiotic therapy. Case Description: A 22-year-old female presented with bilateral tetraparesis that was worse on the left hemibody, appendicular tremor, and left upper eyelid ptosis. Brain magnetic resonance imaging showed an abscess in the pons and midbrain due to possible nocardiosis. She was treated with dexamethasone, phenytoin, vancomycin, and meropenem for 8 weeks and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole for 6 weeks. The brain injury decreased, and the patient’s neurological status significantly improved. Conclusion: Brainstem abscess may be treated conservatively, leading to improvement of the clinical condition and decreased lesion size on imaging.
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Song YG, Shim SG, Kim KM, Lee DH, Kim DS, Choi SH, Song JY, Kang HL, Baik SC, Lee WK, Cho MJ, Rhee KH. Profiling of the bacteria responsible for pyogenic liver abscess by 16S rRNA gene pyrosequencing. J Microbiol 2014; 52:504-9. [PMID: 24871976 DOI: 10.1007/s12275-014-4241-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2014] [Revised: 05/08/2014] [Accepted: 05/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Pyogenic liver abscess (PLA) is a severe disease with considerable mortality and is often polymicrobial. Understanding the pathogens that cause PLA is the basis for PLA treatment. Here, we profiled the bacterial composition in PLA fluid by pyrosequencing the 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene based on next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology to identify etiological agents of PLA and to provide information of their 16S rRNA sequences for application to DNA-based techniques in the hospital. Twenty patients with PLA who underwent percutaneous catheter drainage, abscess culture, and blood culture for isolates were included. Genomic DNAs from abscess fluids were subjected to polymerase chain reaction and pyrosequencing of the 16S rRNA gene with a 454 GS Junior System. The abscess and blood cultures were positive in nine (45%) and four (20%) patients, respectively. Pyrosequencing of 16S rRNA gene showed that 90% of the PLA fluid samples contained single or multiple genera of known bacteria such as Klebsiella, Fusobacterium, Streptococcus, Bacteroides, Prevotella, Peptostreptococcus, unassigned Enterobacteriaceae, and Dialister. Klebsiella was predominantly found in the PLA fluid samples. All samples that carried unassigned bacteria had 26.8% reads on average. We demonstrated that the occurrence of PLA was associated with eight known bacterial genera as well as unassigned bacteria and that 16S rRNA gene sequencing was more useful than conventional culture methods for accurate identification of bacterial pathogens from PLA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Gyu Song
- Department of Radiology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Changwon, 630-522, Republic of Korea
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