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Xu Y, Feng S, Niu B. Silencing Stat3 inhibits viability and induces apoptosis in BGC-823 human gastric cancer cell line. Biotech Histochem 2020; 96:76-81. [PMID: 32619110 DOI: 10.1080/10520295.2020.1770332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is characterized by infrequent early diagnosis, poor prognosis and high mortality. Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (Stat3) and signal transducer and activator of transcription 5b (Stat5b) play multiple roles in the development and progression of many human cancers. We investigated the effects of silencing Stat3 and Stat5b on the viability and apoptosis of the human gastric cancer cell line, BGC-823. We found that Stat3 and Stat5b were expressed in both the nucleus and cytoplasm of BGC-823 cells. Silencing of Stat3 caused significantly decreased viability and increased apoptosis, as well as attenuated B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) expression in BGC-823 cells. Silencing of Stat5b, however, had no significant effect on these events. Stat3, but not Stat5b, plays an important role in the viability and apoptosis of human gastric cancer cell line, BGC-823, which suggests that Stat3 is a potential target for gastric cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaming Xu
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University , Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Shini Feng
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University , Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Bing Niu
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University , Shanghai, P.R. China
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Miklossy G, Youn UJ, Yue P, Zhang M, Chen CH, Hilliard TS, Paladino D, Li Y, Choi J, Sarkaria JN, Kawakami JK, Wongwiwatthananukit S, Chen Y, Sun D, Chang LC, Turkson J. Hirsutinolide Series Inhibit Stat3 Activity, Alter GCN1, MAP1B, Hsp105, G6PD, Vimentin, TrxR1, and Importin α-2 Expression, and Induce Antitumor Effects against Human Glioma. J Med Chem 2015; 58:7734-48. [PMID: 26331426 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b00686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
We report that hirsutinolide series, 6, 7, 10, 11, 20, and 22, and the semisynthetic analogues, 30, 31, 33, and 36, inhibit constitutively active signal transducer and activator of transcription (Stat)3 and malignant glioma phenotype. A position 13 lipophilic ester group is required for activity. Molecular modeling and nuclear magnetic resonance structural analyses reveal direct hirsutinolide:Stat3 binding. One-hour treatment of cells with 6 and 22 also upregulated importin subunit α-2 levels and repressed translational activator GCN1, microtubule-associated protein (MAP)1B, thioredoxin reductase (TrxR)1 cytoplasmic isoform 3, glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase isoform a, Hsp105, vimentin, and tumor necrosis factor α-induced protein (TNAP)2 expression. Active hirsutinolides inhibited anchorage-dependent and three-dimensional spheroid growth, survival, and migration of human glioma lines and glioma patients' tumor-derived xenograft cells harboring constitutively active Stat3. Oral gavage delivery of 6 or 22 inhibited human glioma tumor growth in subcutaneous mouse xenografts. The inhibition of Stat3 signaling represents part of the hirsutinolide-mediated mechanisms to induce antitumor effects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ui Joung Youn
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Daniel K. Inouye College of Pharmacy, University of Hawaii at Hilo , Hilo 96720, Hawaii, United States
| | | | - Mingming Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Daniel K. Inouye College of Pharmacy, University of Hawaii at Hilo , Hilo 96720, Hawaii, United States
| | - Chih-Hong Chen
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope , Duarte 91010, California, United States
| | | | | | - Yifei Li
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope , Duarte 91010, California, United States
| | - Justin Choi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope , Duarte 91010, California, United States
| | - Jann N Sarkaria
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic , Rochester 55905, Minnesota, United States
| | - Joel K Kawakami
- Division of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Chaminade University , Honolulu 96816, Hawaii, United States
| | - Supakit Wongwiwatthananukit
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Daniel K. Inouye College of Pharmacy, University of Hawaii at Hilo , Hilo 96720, Hawaii, United States
| | - Yuan Chen
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope , Duarte 91010, California, United States
| | - Dianqing Sun
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Daniel K. Inouye College of Pharmacy, University of Hawaii at Hilo , Hilo 96720, Hawaii, United States
| | - Leng Chee Chang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Daniel K. Inouye College of Pharmacy, University of Hawaii at Hilo , Hilo 96720, Hawaii, United States
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Yue P, Lopez-Tapia F, Paladino D, Li Y, Chen CH, Namanja AT, Hilliard T, Chen Y, Tius MA, Turkson J. Hydroxamic Acid and Benzoic Acid-Based STAT3 Inhibitors Suppress Human Glioma and Breast Cancer Phenotypes In Vitro and In Vivo. Cancer Res 2015; 76:652-63. [PMID: 26088127 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-14-3558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2014] [Accepted: 05/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
STAT3 offers an attractive target for cancer therapy, but small-molecule inhibitors with appealing pharmacologic properties have been elusive. Here, we report hydroxamic acid-based and benzoic acid-based inhibitors (SH5-07 and SH4-54, respectively) with robust bioactivity. Both inhibitors blocked STAT3 DNA-binding activity in vitro and in human glioma, breast, and prostate cancer cells and in v-Src-transformed murine fibroblasts. STAT3-dependent gene transcription was blocked along with Bcl-2, Bcl-xL, Mcl-1, cyclin D1, c-Myc, and survivin expression. Nuclear magnetic resonance analysis of STAT3-inhibitor complexes defined interactions with the SH2 and DNA-binding domains of STAT3. Ectopic expression of the SH2 domain in cells was sufficient to counter the STAT3-inhibitory effects of SH4-54. Neither compound appreciably affected STAT1 or STAT5 DNA-binding activities, STAT3-independent gene transcription, or activation of a panel of oncogenic kinases in malignant cells. Each compound decreased the proliferation and viability of glioma, breast, and prostate cancer cells and v-Src-transformed murine fibroblasts harboring constitutively active STAT3. Further, in mouse xenograft models of glioma and breast cancer, administration of SH5-07 or SH4-54 effectively inhibited tumor growth. Our results offer preclinical proof of concept for SH5-07 and SH4-54 as candidates for further development as cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peibin Yue
- Natural Products and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, University of Hawaii, Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii. Cancer Biology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, University of Hawaii, Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii
| | - Francisco Lopez-Tapia
- Natural Products and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, University of Hawaii, Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii. Cancer Biology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, University of Hawaii, Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii. Department of Chemistry, University of Hawaii, Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii
| | - David Paladino
- Natural Products and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, University of Hawaii, Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii. Cancer Biology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, University of Hawaii, Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii
| | - Yifei Li
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Duarte, California
| | - Chih-Hong Chen
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Duarte, California
| | - Andrew T Namanja
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Duarte, California
| | - Tyvette Hilliard
- Natural Products and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, University of Hawaii, Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii. Cancer Biology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, University of Hawaii, Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii
| | - Yuan Chen
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Duarte, California
| | - Marcus A Tius
- Natural Products and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, University of Hawaii, Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii. Cancer Biology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, University of Hawaii, Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii. Department of Chemistry, University of Hawaii, Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii
| | - James Turkson
- Natural Products and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, University of Hawaii, Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii. Cancer Biology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, University of Hawaii, Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii.
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Luwor RB, Stylli SS, Kaye AH. The role of Stat3 in glioblastoma multiforme. J Clin Neurosci 2013; 20:907-11. [PMID: 23688441 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2013.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2013] [Revised: 02/28/2013] [Accepted: 03/09/2013] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common brain tumor and has the worst prognosis. Several signaling molecules have been clearly implicated in the development, progression, and aggressiveness of GBM. Here we review the role of signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 (Stat3) in GBM. We particularly focus on its expression in clinical GBM samples, its role in brain tumorigenicity in cell lines and animal models, and discuss possible therapeutic strategies targeting Stat3. This review also summarizes the current knowledge regarding the role of Stat3 regulation by upstream activators and repressors in promoting GBM progression in both translational and clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodney B Luwor
- Department of Surgery, The University of Melbourne, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, VIC 3050, Australia.
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