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Gong Y, Tan Y, Huang R. Exploring the relationship between dispositional mindfulness and hoarding behavior: A moderated multi-mediation model. Front Psychol 2022; 13:935897. [PMID: 36033020 PMCID: PMC9415804 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.935897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hoarding behavior may not only interfere with hoarders’ daily lives but may also endanger the community. However, few studies have investigated the role of personality characteristics in hoarding behavior. We hypothesized that dispositional mindfulness would be negatively associated with hoarding behavior, and tested mechanisms and gender differences in this association. An online survey was conducted in a sample of 533 Chinese adults (262 women, Mage = 26.82; SD = 6.30). Regression-based analyses showed that mindfulness was associated with less hoarding behavior through higher self-esteem and lower emotion dysregulation. Moreover, gender moderated the mediating effect of emotion dysregulation in the association between mindfulness and hoarding behavior. Specifically, the indirect association was only significant for women. These findings provide a deeper understanding of how, why, and for whom dispositional mindfulness is negatively associated with hoarding behavior, they provide support for self-completion theory and the cognitive-behavioral model of hoarding, and they have heuristic value for future research.
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Cognitive impairment in hoarding disorder: a systematic review. CNS Spectr 2022; 28:300-312. [PMID: 35477853 DOI: 10.1017/s1092852922000153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In the present study, we aimed to perform a systematic review evaluating the cognitive performance of patients with hoarding disorder (HD) compared with controls. We hypothesized that HD patients would present greater cognitive impairment than controls. METHODS A systematic search of the literature using the electronic databases MEDLINE, SCOPUS, and LILACS was conducted on May 2020, with no date limit. The search terms were "hoarding disorder," "cognition," "neuropsychology," "cognitive impairment," and "cognitive deficit." We included original studies assessing cognitive functioning in patients with HD. RESULTS We retrieved 197 studies initially. Of those, 22 studies were included in the present study. We evaluated 1757 patients who were 41 to 72 years old. All selected studies comprised case-control studies and presented fair quality. Contrary to our hypothesis, HD patients showed impairment only in categorization skills in comparison with controls, particularly at confidence to complete categorization tasks. Regarding attention, episodic memory, working memory, information-processing speed, planning, decision-making, inhibitory control, mental flexibility, language, and visuospatial ability, HD patients did not show impairment when compared with controls. There is a paucity of studies on social cognition in HD patients, although they may show deficits. The impact of emotion in cognition is also understudied in HD patients. CONCLUSION Except for categorization skills, the cognitive performance in HD patients does not seem to be impaired when compared with that in controls. Further work is needed to explore social cognition and the impact of emotion in cognitive performance in HD patients.
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Zakrzewski JJ, Henderson R, Archer C, Vigil OR, Mackin S, Mathews CA. Subjective cognitive complaints and objective cognitive impairment in hoarding disorder. Psychiatry Res 2022; 307:114331. [PMID: 34920395 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2021.114331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Individuals with Hoarding Disorder (HD) frequently complain of problems with attention and memory. These self-identified difficulties are often used as justification for saving and acquiring behaviors. Research using neuropsychological measures to examine verbal and visual memory performance and sustained attention have reported contradictory findings. Here we aim to determine the relationship between self-reported problems with memory and attention, objective memory and attention performance, and self-reported depression and anxiety symptoms in HD. Data was available for 319 individuals who participated in a treatment study of HD. Multiple regression was used to assess the relationship between self-reported complaints and objective measures, with age, education, and measures of depression and anxiety included as covariates. We found no association between self-reported memory difficulties and objective verbal or visual memory performance. Self-reported problems with attention were associated with objective attentional performance, although this relationship was partially accounted for by anxiety symptom severity. There was a small association between visual memory performance at baseline and improvements in hoardingrelated functional abilities following treatment. Improvements in subjective memory complaints pre-to-post treatment were associated with improvements in hoarding symptom severity and hoarding-related functioning. These results demonstrate a dissociation between perceived and objective functioning in HD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica J Zakrzewski
- Department of Psychiatry, Center for OCD, Anxiety, and Related Disorders, College of Medicine, University of Florida, FL, United States of America.
| | - Rebecca Henderson
- Department of Psychiatry, Center for OCD, Anxiety, and Related Disorders, College of Medicine, University of Florida, FL, United States of America
| | - Christian Archer
- Department of Psychiatry, Center for OCD, Anxiety, and Related Disorders, College of Medicine, University of Florida, FL, United States of America
| | - Ofilio R Vigil
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco and San Francisco VA Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, United States of America
| | - Scott Mackin
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco and San Francisco VA Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, United States of America
| | - Carol A Mathews
- Department of Psychiatry, Center for OCD, Anxiety, and Related Disorders, College of Medicine, University of Florida, FL, United States of America
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Information processing in hoarding disorder: A systematic review of the evidence. JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS REPORTS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jadr.2020.100039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
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Paloski LH, Ferreira EA, Costa DB, de Oliveira CR, Moret-Tatay C, Irigaray TQ. Cognitive performance of individuals with animal hoarding. Health Qual Life Outcomes 2020; 18:40. [PMID: 32093697 PMCID: PMC7038543 DOI: 10.1186/s12955-020-01288-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to characterize the cognitive performance of individuals with animal hoarding. METHODS This is a cross-sectional study, in which 33 individuals between the ages of 29 to 84 (M = 61.39; SD = 12.69) with animal hoarding have been assessed. The participants completed a neurocognitive battery including measures of general cognitive functioning, visual memory and organization, verbal fluency, and verbal reasoning. RESULTS Data suggest that individuals with animal hoarding have high rates of cognitive deficits related to visual memory and verbal reasoning. CONCLUSIONS Based on the performance tests used, we can suggest the existence of cognitive difficulties related especially to the executive functions of individuals with animal hoarding in this sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Henrique Paloski
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul - PUCRS, Av. Ipiranga, 6681, Building 11, 9th floor, Porto Alegre, RS, CEP 90619-900, Brazil.,Faculdade Meridional - IMED, Rua Senador Pinheiro, 304, Passo Fundo, RS, CEP 99070-220, Brazil
| | - Elisa Arrienti Ferreira
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul - PUCRS, Av. Ipiranga, 6681, Building 11, 9th floor, Porto Alegre, RS, CEP 90619-900, Brazil
| | - Dalton Breno Costa
- Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre - UFCSPA, Rua Sarmento Leite, 245, Porto Alegre, RS, CEP 90050170, Brazil
| | - Camila Rosa de Oliveira
- Faculdade Meridional - IMED, Rua Senador Pinheiro, 304, Passo Fundo, RS, CEP 99070-220, Brazil
| | - Carmen Moret-Tatay
- Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Católica de Valencia San Vicente Mártir, Valencia, Spain
| | - Tatiana Quarti Irigaray
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul - PUCRS, Av. Ipiranga, 6681, Building 11, 9th floor, Porto Alegre, RS, CEP 90619-900, Brazil.
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Mathes BM, Timpano KR, Raines AM, Schmidt NB. Attachment theory and hoarding disorder: A review and theoretical integration. Behav Res Ther 2020; 125:103549. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brat.2019.103549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Davidson EJ, Dozier ME, Pittman JOE, Mayes TL, Blanco BH, Gault JD, Schwarz LJ, Ayers CR. Recent Advances in Research on Hoarding. Curr Psychiatry Rep 2019; 21:91. [PMID: 31410591 PMCID: PMC7294597 DOI: 10.1007/s11920-019-1078-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The purpose of the following paper is to review recent literature trends and findings in hoarding disorder (HD). Our goal is to highlight recent research on etiology, associated features, and empirically based treatments. RECENT FINDINGS Recent literature has added support for cognitive differences as a risk factor for HD; however, there is evidence that individuals with HD may overestimate their level of cognitive impairment. Several associated features have been highlighted in recent studies, including emotion regulation, intolerance of uncertainty and distress intolerance, and attachment. Finally, several psychotherapeutic treatments for hoarding have been recently validated, including group-based therapy and treatments using the cognitive-behavioral model. Although recent research demonstrates that hoarding can be effectively treated with available psychotherapeutic modalities, the effectiveness of current treatments is not as robust as that for other psychiatric disorders and more work is needed in treatment precision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliza J Davidson
- Research Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, 3350 La Jolla Village Drive 116B, San Diego, CA, 92161, USA
- San Diego State University/University of California, San Diego Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Mary E Dozier
- Research Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, 3350 La Jolla Village Drive 116B, San Diego, CA, 92161, USA
- San Diego State University/University of California, San Diego Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, San Diego, CA, USA
- Psychology Service, South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - James O E Pittman
- Mental Healthcare Line, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego School of Medicine, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Tina L Mayes
- Mental Healthcare Line, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego School of Medicine, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Brian H Blanco
- Research Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, 3350 La Jolla Village Drive 116B, San Diego, CA, 92161, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego School of Medicine, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - John D Gault
- Research Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, 3350 La Jolla Village Drive 116B, San Diego, CA, 92161, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego School of Medicine, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Lauren J Schwarz
- Research Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, 3350 La Jolla Village Drive 116B, San Diego, CA, 92161, USA
| | - Catherine R Ayers
- Mental Healthcare Line, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA.
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego School of Medicine, San Diego, CA, USA.
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