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Irzooqee AF, Al Haidar AHMJ, Abdul-Kareem M. The Effect of Different Obturation Techniques in Primary Teeth on the Apical Microleakage using Endoflas: A Comparative In Vitro Study. Int J Dent 2023; 2023:4982980. [PMID: 37033128 PMCID: PMC10081900 DOI: 10.1155/2023/4982980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study was carried out to quantitatively evaluate and compare the sealing ability of Endoflas by using different obturation techniques. Materials and Methods After 42 extracted primary maxillary incisors and canines were decoronated, their canals were instrumented with K files of size ranging from #15 to #50. In accordance with the obturation technique, the samples were divided into three experimental groups, namely, group I: endodontic pressure syringe, group II: modified disposable syringe, and group III: reamer technique, and two control groups. Dye extraction method was used for leakage evaluation. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Dunnett's T3 post hoc tests. The level of significance was set at p < 0.05. Results Endodontic pressure syringe had significantly less leakage than the modified disposable syringe and reamer techniques (p < 0.05). Meanwhile, no significant difference was found in the mean leakage between the modified disposable syringe and the reamer techniques. Conclusion Amongst all the techniques used in this study, endodontic pressure syringe could be preferred as an obturation technique in primary teeth when used with Endoflas obturation material because of its potential to provide good apical seal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaa Fadhil Irzooqee
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
| | | | - Maha Abdul-Kareem
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Al-Mustansiriya University, Baghdad, Iraq
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Kadı G, Özlek E, Saed Y. Effect of using calcium-silicate and silicone based root canal sealers in bulk or with main core material on bond strength. J Dent Res Dent Clin Dent Prospects 2022; 16:229-233. [PMID: 37560498 PMCID: PMC10407866 DOI: 10.34172/joddd.2022.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The purpose of this study was to assess the push-out bond strength of calcium-silicate and silicone based root canal sealers in bulk and with main cone. Methods Roots (n=48) randomly divided into 4 groups (n=12) according to the obturation protocol; (1) iRoot SP in bulk; (2) iRoot SP with gutta-percha; (3) GuttaFlow Bioseal in bulk; (4) GuttaFlow Bioseal with gutta-percha. Six horizontal sections were obtained from each root (n=72). Effect of sealers on bond strength was statistically significant (P<0.05). Results Highest mean value was obtained in iRoot-Bulk group and lowest in GuttaFlow Bioseal-GP group. Both iRoot SP groups had significantly higher bond strength values than both GuttaFlow Bioseal groups (P<0.05). There was no significant difference between iRoot-GP and iRoot-Bulk groups (P=0.603) also GuttaFlow Bioseal-GP and GuttaFlow Bioseal-Bulk groups (P=0.684). Conclusion Based on findings, using calcium silicate-based sealer in bulk can be also suitable in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gizem Kadı
- Department of Endodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Altınbas University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Esin Özlek
- Department of Endodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Van Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, Turkey
| | - Yousef Saed
- Department of Endodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Van Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, Turkey
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Mason J, Kirkpatrick T, Roberts HW. Dislodgement pushout resistance of five bioceramic root-end filling materials. Dent Mater J 2022; 41:843-849. [PMID: 35934803 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2022-058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluated the dislodgement push-out resistance of five bioceramic materials. One hundred single-rooted teeth with one canal had the apical 3 mm and crown resected to create a 14 mm standardized length. The canals were instrumented to an apical size 80 with a 3 mm root-end preparation made with ultrasonic diamonds. The prepared roots were randomly divided into 5 root-end restorative groups (n=20). ProRoot MTA, Biodentine, EndoSequence Root Repair Material, EndoSequence Fast Set Putty, and EndoSequence BC Sealer with each material placed following manufacturer's instructions and stored at 100% humidity for 2 weeks. An apical-to-coronal static testing load with the identified dislodgement force converted into MPa with mean results analyzed with Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn's post hoc tests (α=0.05). ProRoot MTA and Biodentine displayed similar push-out stress resistance and exhibited significantly greater stress resistance than the similar Endosequence materials. However, all materials failed cohesively and were not dislodged from the root canal surface.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Timothy Kirkpatrick
- Department of Endodontics, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
| | - Howard W Roberts
- Dental Biomaterials Research, University of Kentucky College of Dentistry
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Cho YS, Kwak Y, Shin SJ. Comparison of Root Filling Quality of Two Types of Single Cone-Based Canal Filling Methods in Complex Root Canal Anatomies: The Ultrasonic Vibration and Thermo-Hydrodynamic Obturation versus Single-Cone Technique. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14206036. [PMID: 34683625 PMCID: PMC8539525 DOI: 10.3390/ma14206036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of ultrasonic vibration and thermo-hydrodynamic obturation (VibraTHO) using two types of root canal sealers, in comparison to the single-cone (SC) technique and a calcium silicate-based root canal sealer in complex root canal anatomies. Thirty single-rooted human maxillary premolars with two canals that had a complex root canal anatomy of transverse anastomoses or ramifications were prepared and assigned to the following three experimental groups, according to the filling method: SE group, SC technique with Endoseal TCS; VE group, VibraTHO with Endoseal TCS; and VG group, VibraTHO with GuttaFlow 2. Each tooth was scanned using micro-computed tomography, and the volume percentages of the filling material were calculated. The analysis of variance was used to analyze the statistical differences between the three groups (p < 0.05). The mean volume of the filling material was higher in the VG and VE groups than that in the SE group (p < 0.05) along the apical to middle-to-coronal thirds, and significant differences were observed between each root canal area (p < 0.05), with the only exception being at the apical thirds between the VE and SE groups. The VibraTHO technique using GuttaFlow 2 can be a more effective root canal filling method for anatomically complex root canal systems than the SC technique with Endoseal TCS. On the other hand, the VibraTHO technique using Endoseal TCS has a limited effect on improving the quality of the root filling at the apical portion of anatomically complex root canal systems, compared to the SC technique with Endoseal TCS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Sik Cho
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea;
- Private Practice—Yonsei Doctors’ Dental Clinic, 201, 28 Daesan-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si 10359, Korea
| | - Youngjun Kwak
- Private Practice—Yonsei Nature Dental Clinic, 2F, 281 Yangnyeong-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 06919, Korea;
| | - Su-Jung Shin
- Gangnam Severance Hospital, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Oral Science Research Center, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, 211 Eonjuro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06273, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-2019-3572; Fax: +82-2-3463-4052
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Influence of the final irrigation solution on the push-out bond strength of calcium silicate-based, epoxy resin-based and silicone-based endodontic sealers. Odontology 2018; 107:231-236. [DOI: 10.1007/s10266-018-0392-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Ortiz FG, Jimeno EB. Analysis of the porosity of endodontic sealers through micro-computed tomography: A systematic review. J Conserv Dent 2018; 21:238-242. [PMID: 29899623 PMCID: PMC5977769 DOI: 10.4103/jcd.jcd_346_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Endodontic treatments have as their objective the appropriate sealing of the space caused by the root canal, providing a complete seal of the canal in all dimensions, creating an airtight seal against fluids. Thus, endodontic cements must possess physical properties such as solubility and long-term dimensional stability. An electronic search in the main endodontic magazines using appropriate keywords to identify studies that investigated the porosity of endodontic materials using micro-computed tomography. Of the 125 studies researched, 16 fulfilled the criteria for inclusion. Four studies analyzed the porosity of endodontic cements specifically. Twelve studies investigated and compared different techniques of root canal obturation and the repercussions from the lowering of porosity in the interior of the endodontic cement. The presence of porosity inside the endodontic cement is a constant in the treatments of root canals, even now when there is a great variety of endodontic cements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabricio Guerrero Ortiz
- Department of Odontostomatology, School of Dentistry, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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Celikten B, Uzuntas CF, Orhan AI, Orhan K, Tufenkci P, Kursun S, Demiralp KÖ. Evaluation of root canal sealer filling quality using a single-cone technique in oval shaped canals: An In vitro Micro-CT study. SCANNING 2016; 38:133-140. [PMID: 26228657 DOI: 10.1002/sca.21249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2015] [Accepted: 07/13/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the presence of voids in oval root canals filled with different root canal sealers (EndoSequence BC Sealer, Smartpaste bio, ActiV GP) and to compare those with root canals filled with AH Plus sealer using micro-CT. In total, 40 freshly extracted human single-root maxillary premolars were used. Specimens instrumented with the EndoSequence NiTi rotary instrument were assigned randomly into four groups. In each group, root canals were filled with single-cone gutta-percha and one of the tested sealers. Each specimen was then scanned using micro-CT at a voxel resolution of 13.47 μm. Proportions of sections with voids in cross-sectional images and void volumes for each sealer were calculated in the apical, middle, and coronal thirds. Differences according to root canal sealers were evaluated statistically using the Kruskal-Wallis test and the Mann-Whitney U-test at a significance level of 5%. The analysis showed a decrease in void formation in the apical third, with a significant difference between the apical and coronal thirds among bioceramic sealers, ActiV GP, and AH Plus (p < 0.05) but no significant difference between the apical and middle thirds or between the middle and coronal thirds was found for the sealers tested (p > 0.05). All root canal sealers tested resulted in voids. The bioceramic sealers (EndoSequence BC Sealer, Smartpaste bio) produced similar voids which had the fewest in the apical third of root canals among the sealers tested which can be related due to root canal anatomy variations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berkan Celikten
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ceren Feriha Uzuntas
- Ministry of Health, Ataturk Oral and Dental Health Care Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ayse Isıl Orhan
- Division of Pediatric Dentistry, Ministry of Health, 75th Year Ankara Oral and Dental Health Centre, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Kaan Orhan
- Department of DentoMaxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Pelin Tufenkci
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sebnem Kursun
- Ministry of Health, Bolu Oral and Dental Health Care Hospital, Bolu, Turkey
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Michelotto ALDC, Gasparetto JC, Campos FR, Sydney GB, Pontarolo R. Applying liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry to assess endodontic sealer microleakage. Braz Oral Res 2015; 29:1-7. [PMID: 26313349 DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2015.vol29.0100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2015] [Accepted: 05/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to describe a new method for the quantitative analysis of a microleakage of endodontic filling materials. Forty extracted single-rooted teeth were randomly divided into three experimental groups. After root canal shaping, the experimental groups were filled using the lateral condensation technique with the Epiphany system (G1), with gutta-percha + Sealapex (G2), and with gutta-percha + AH Plus (G3). Each root was mounted on a modified leakage testing device, and caffeine solution was used as a tracer (2000 ng mL-1, pH 6.0), applied in the coronal direction towards the tooth apex, creating a hydrostatic pressure of 2.55 kPa. Presence of caffeine in the receiving solution was measured after 10, 30, and 60 days, using high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS). None of the groups presented microleakage at 10 days. At 30 days, G2 and G3 showed similar infiltration patterns (means: 16.0 and 13.9 ng mL-1, respectively), whereas G1 showed significantly higher values (mean: 105.2 ng mL-1). At 60 days, leakage values were 182.6 ng mL-1 for G1, 139.0 ng mL-1 for G2, and 53.5 ng mL-1 for G3. AH Plus showed the best sealing ability and HPLC-MS/MS showed high sensitivity and specificity for tracer quantification.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Gilson Blitzkow Sydney
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, BR
| | - Roberto Pontarolo
- Department of Pharmacy, Health Sciences, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, BR
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Tabrizizadeh M, Kazemipoor M, Hekmati-Moghadam SH, Hakimian R. Impact of root canal preparation size and taper on coronal-apical micro-leakage using glucose penetration method. J Clin Exp Dent 2015; 6:e344-9. [PMID: 25593654 PMCID: PMC4282899 DOI: 10.4317/jced.51452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2014] [Accepted: 04/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this in vitro study was to assess the effect of root canal preparation size and taper on the amounts of glucose penetration. MATERIAL AND METHODS For conducting this experimental study, eighty mandibular premolars with single straight canals were divided randomly into 2 experimental groups of 30 samples each and 2 control groups. Using K-files and the balance force technique, canals in group 1 were prepared apically to size 25 and coronally to size 2 Peesoreamer. Group 2 were instrumented apically and coronally to size 40 and size 6 Peesoreamer, respectively. Rotary instrumentation was accomplished in group 1; using size 25 and .04 tapered and in group 2, size 35 and .06 tapered Flex Master files. Canals were then obturated by lateral compaction of cold gutta-percha. Glucose penetration through root canal fillings was measured at 1, 8, 15, 22 and 30 days. Data were recorded as mmol/L and statistically analyzed with Mann-Whitney U test (P value=. 05). RESULTS In comparison to group 1, group 2 showed significant glucose leakage during the experimental period (P value < .0001). Also, in each experimental group, the amount of micro-leakage was significantly increased at the end of the study. CONCLUSIONS Under the condition of this study, the amounts of micro-leakage through root canal fillings are directly related to the size and taper of root canal preparation and reducing the preparation size may lead to less micro-leakage. Key words:Dental leakage, root canal preparation, endodontics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Tabrizizadeh
- DDS, MSc, Associate Professor. Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Maryam Kazemipoor
- DDS, MSc, Assistant Professor. Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Seyed-Hossein Hekmati-Moghadam
- DDS, MSc, Associate Professor. Department of Surgical and Clinical Pathology, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Roqayeh Hakimian
- MA, Librarian and search literature officer. Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
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Quality of obturation achieved by a non-gutta-percha-based root filling system in single-rooted canals. J Endod 2014; 40:2003-8. [PMID: 25262034 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2014.07.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2014] [Revised: 07/19/2014] [Accepted: 07/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The present study examined the quality of obturation in root canals filled by an experimental non-gutta-percha-based (NGP) root filling system using warm vertical or cold lateral compaction. The quality of obturation was evaluated by comparing the volumetric percentage of gaps and voids identified from similar canals obturated with gutta-percha and an epoxy resin-based sealer using the same obturation techniques. METHODS Forty single-rooted premolars with oval-shaped canals were cleaned, shaped, and obturated with 1 of the 4 material/obturation technique combinations (n = 10). Filled canals were scanned with micro-computed tomographic imaging. Reconstructed images were analyzed for the volumetric percentage of gaps and voids at 3 canal levels (0-4, 4-8, and 8-12 mm from the working length). Roots were sectioned at the 4-mm, 8-mm, and 12-mm levels. Scanning electron microscopic images of negative replicas of root sections were examined to quantify the circumferential percentage of interfacial gaps and the area percentage of intracanal voids. Data were analyzed with parametric or nonparametric statistical methods. RESULTS A statistically significant difference was found for the volumetric percentage distribution of gaps and voids for "obturation technique" but not for "material." Significantly higher percentages of gaps and voids were identified in canals obturated with the NGP system using cold lateral compaction. Examination of negative replicas ascribed this difference to a higher area percentage of interfacial gaps rather than more intracanal voids. CONCLUSIONS Using warm vertical compaction, the NGP system fulfils the objective of 3-dimensional obturation of the canal space in a manner comparable with the results achieved with gutta-percha and a root canal sealer.
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Machado R, Silva Neto UXD, Carneiro E, Fariniuk LF, Westphalen VPD, Cunha RS. Lack of correlation between tubular dentine cement penetration, adhesiveness and leakage in roots filled with gutta percha and an endodontic cement based on epoxy amine resin. J Appl Oral Sci 2014; 22:22-8. [PMID: 24626245 PMCID: PMC3908761 DOI: 10.1590/1678-775720130247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2013] [Accepted: 10/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To analyze possible correlations among tubular dentine cement penetration,
adhesiveness and apical leakage in fillings performed with gutta percha and an
endodontic cement based on epoxy amine resin. Material and Methods Sixty similar, extracted human mandibular central incisors were irrigated,
instrumented and filled following the same protocol. First, apical leakage was
quantified by fluid filtration tests. Then, these same specimens were sectioned
for analysis of tubular dentine cement penetration and the middle thirds were
submitted to push-out tests to analyze the adhesiveness of the fillings. Results In brief, the means and standard deviations with a confidence interval of 95% were
as follows: tubular dentine cement penetration (8.875±4.540), adhesiveness
(4.441±2.683) and apical leakage (0.318±0.215). The data were confronted using the
Pearson's test (P>0.05), and it was possible to prove that there was no
correlation between (1) tubular dentine cement penetration and apical leakage
(r2: 0.08276), (2) tubular dentine cement penetration and
adhesiveness (r2: -0.2412) and (3) adhesiveness and apical leakage
(r2: 0.1340). Conclusion After analysis of these data, it could be observed that there exists no
correlation among the variables analyzed in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Machado
- Pontifical Catholic University of Paraná, Department of Endodontics, CuritibaPR, Brazil, Department of Endodontics, Pontifical Catholic University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Ulisses Xavier da Silva Neto
- Pontifical Catholic University of Paraná, Department of Endodontics, CuritibaPR, Brazil, Department of Endodontics, Pontifical Catholic University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Everdan Carneiro
- Pontifical Catholic University of Paraná, Department of Endodontics, CuritibaPR, Brazil, Department of Endodontics, Pontifical Catholic University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Luiz Fernando Fariniuk
- Pontifical Catholic University of Paraná, Department of Endodontics, CuritibaPR, Brazil, Department of Endodontics, Pontifical Catholic University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Vânia Portela Ditzel Westphalen
- Pontifical Catholic University of Paraná, Department of Endodontics, CuritibaPR, Brazil, Department of Endodontics, Pontifical Catholic University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Sanches Cunha
- University of Manitoba, School of Dentistry, Restorative Dentistry, Winnipeg, Canada, School of Dentistry, Restorative Dentistry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
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Rossetto DB, Fernandes SL, Cavenago BC, Duarte MAH, Ordinola-Zapata R, Andrade FBD. Influence of the Method in Root Canal Filling Using Active Lateral Compaction Techniques. Braz Dent J 2014; 25:295-301. [DOI: 10.1590/0103-6440201302224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2013] [Accepted: 08/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate, by stereomicroscopy and confocal laser microscopy, the influence of different lateral compaction methods for the obturation quality, as well as the time spent for the procedure. Thirty root canals of freshly extracted single-rooted human teeth were prepared with the ProTaper system up to F5 instrument and filled with gutta-percha and AH Plus sealer by the lateral compaction technique. The teeth were divided into 3 groups (n=10) in accordance with the method used for the lateral compaction, as follows: Manual, Mechanical and Ultrasonic. The sealers were stained with rhodamine B dye in a proportion of 0.1% per gram in weight to allow for the analysis under a confocal microscope. During the root filling procedure, the time spent was recorded with a stopwatch. The specimens were stored at 37 °C for 48 h, and then sectioned at 2, 4 and 6 mm from the apex. The percentage of gutta-percha, sealer and void areas were evaluated using a stereomicroscope and sealer penetration perimeter by confocal laser microscope. Statistical analyses were performed using the Kruskall-Wallis and Dunn tests (p<0.05). The mechanical method required a shorter time for the lateral compaction than the manual method (p<0.05). There were no significant differences (p>0.05) for the perimeter of the dentin with sealer penetration among all groups. The mechanical method showed a higher (p<0.05) percentage of gutta-percha and less sealer at the 4 mm section in comparison with the manual method. The ultrasonic group showed intermediate values. The void areas found in the root filling were similar (p>0.05) between the three methods. In conclusion, the fastest lateral compaction was achieved with the mechanical method, and all the methods showed void areas in the root filling.
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Bohn S, Ilie N. Wetting behaviour of silicone- and resin-based root canal sealers. Int Endod J 2013; 47:542-9. [DOI: 10.1111/iej.12184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2013] [Accepted: 08/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Bohn
- Department of Restorative Dentistry; Dental School Ludwig-Maximilians-University; Munich Germany
| | - N. Ilie
- Department of Restorative Dentistry; Dental School Ludwig-Maximilians-University; Munich Germany
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14
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Zhou HM, Shen Y, Zheng W, Li L, Zheng YF, Haapasalo M. Physical properties of 5 root canal sealers. J Endod 2013; 39:1281-6. [PMID: 24041392 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2013.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 240] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2012] [Revised: 05/10/2013] [Accepted: 06/29/2013] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of this study was to evaluate the pH change, viscosity and other physical properties of 2 novel root canal sealers (MTA Fillapex and Endosequence BC) in comparison with 2 epoxy resin-based sealers (AH Plus and ThermaSeal), a silicone-based sealer (GuttaFlow), and a zinc oxide-eugenol-based sealer (Pulp Canal Sealer). METHODS ISO 6876/2001 specifications were followed. The pH change of freshly mixed and set sealers was evaluated during periods of 1 day and 5 weeks, respectively. The viscosity was investigated at different injection rates (72, 10, and 5 mm/min) at room temperature by using a syringe-based system that was based on the Instron 3360 series universal testing system. RESULTS The flow, dimensional change, solubility, and film thickness of all the tested sealers were in agreement with ISO 6876/2001 recommendations. The MTA Fillapex sealer exhibited a higher flow than the Endosequence BC sealer (P < .05). The MTA Fillapex and Endosequence BC sealers showed the highest film thicknesses among the tested samples. The Endosequence BC sealer exhibited the highest value of solubility, which was in accordance with 3% mass fraction recommended by the ISO 6876/2001, and showed an acceptable dimensional change. The MTA Fillapex and Endosequence BC sealers presented an alkaline pH at all times. The pH of fresh samples of the AH Plus and ThermaSeal sealers was alkaline at first but decreased significantly after 24 hours. The viscosity of the tested sealers increased with the decreased injection rates. CONCLUSIONS The tested sealers were pseudoplastic according to their viscosities as determined in this study. The MTA Fillapex and Endosequence BC sealers each possessed comparable flow and dimensional stability but higher film thickness and solubility than the other sealers tested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-min Zhou
- Center for Biomedical Materials and Engineering, College of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin, China; Division of Endodontics, Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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An in vitro comparative study of the adaptation and sealing ability of two carrier-based root canal obturators. ScientificWorldJournal 2013; 2013:532023. [PMID: 23710141 PMCID: PMC3603463 DOI: 10.1155/2013/532023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2013] [Accepted: 01/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The study was done to assess the sealing ability and adaptation of RealSeal 1, and to compare it with Thermafil. 65 single-rooted extracted teeth were selected and root canal treatment was performed. Root canals were obturated with RealSeal 1 or Thermafil. A double chamber bacterial leakage model using E. faecalis was developed to assess the sealing ability. Samples were monitored daily for 60 days. After the bacterial leakage test, samples were embedded in resin and sectioned horizontally at 2 and 4 mm from the apical foramen. Specimens were examined under scanning electron microscope and digitally photographed. AutoCAD software was used to measure the gap between the canal surface and obturation material. Results were statistically analyzed using nonparametric Kaplan-Meier survival analysis for the bacterial leakage and t-test to compare the means of gap in RealSeal 1 and Thermafil at 2 and 4 mm. There was no significant difference between the RealSeal 1 and Thermafil with respect to leakage over time. At 2 mm and 4 mm, RealSeal 1 had significantly more gaps than Thermafil. From the observations it can be concluded that RealSeal 1 and Thermafil have comparable performance in terms of adaptation and sealing ability.
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3D analyses of interface voids in root canals filled with different sealer materials in combination with warm gutta-percha technique. Clin Oral Investig 2013; 18:155-61. [PMID: 23525891 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-013-0970-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2012] [Accepted: 03/04/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of the present study was to analyze the formation of voids and gaps in root canals obturated with different sealer materials in combination with warm gutta-percha vertical compaction technique by using BeeFill® 2in1. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty-four single-rooted teeth were collected, and root canals were prepared by using rotary files. All teeth were randomly allocated into three groups. Each group was obturated by using the BeeFill® 2in1 system in combination with Sealapex (non-eugenol, calcium hydroxide polymeric root canal sealer; Kerr Sybron, USA), RoekoSeal (polydimethylsiloxane-based sealer; Roeko, Germany), or 2Seal (epoxy-amine resin-based sealer; VDW, Germany). Following preparation, all teeth were scanned with a micro-computed tomography (CT) scanner, and a three-dimensional reconstruction of the obturated root canals was performed to analyze the volume of interface voids and gaps in the obturated teeth. RESULTS Statistical analysis demonstrated that the silicon-based sealer RoekoSeal induced significantly less voids and gaps than other tested materials. The amount of voids and gaps significantly was higher in the apical region. CONCLUSIONS These data indicate that none of the root canal-filled teeth were free of gaps. Teeth obturated with RoekoSeal demonstrated to have the highest quality in terms of voids and gaps formation in combination with the BeeFill® 2in1 obturation system. CLINICAL RELEVANCE These findings point to the potential benefit of micro-CT analyses for in vitro evaluation of root canal obturation systems and provide further information about sealer materials used in combination with a warm gutta-percha vertical compaction technique.
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Taneja S, Chadha R, Gupta R, Gupta A. Comparative evaluation of sealing properties of different obturation systems placed over apically fractured rotary NiTi files. J Conserv Dent 2012; 15:36-40. [PMID: 22368333 PMCID: PMC3284011 DOI: 10.4103/0972-0707.92604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2011] [Revised: 08/11/2011] [Accepted: 08/20/2011] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: To evaluate sealing properties of different obturation systems placed over apically fractured rotary NiTi files. Materials and Methods: Forty freshly extracted human mandibular premolars were prepared by using Protaper (Dentsply-Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland) or the RaCe (FKG Dentaire, La Chaux-de-Fonds, Switzerland) systems (n=20 for each), after which half of the specimens were subjected to instrument separation at the apical level. Roots with and without apically separated instruments (n=5) were filled with the two obturation systems i.e. Thermafil and lateral compaction technique. The modified glucose penetration setup was used to assess the microleakage. The leakage data was statistically analyzed. Results: The amount of leakage was significantly lower in specimens containing fractured instruments, regardless of the obturation method used. Roots obturated with Thermafil displayed significantly less leakage than cold lateral compaction technique, both, in the presence and absence of separated instruments. There was no significant difference among specimens prepared with ProTaper and RaCe when Thermafil obturation was done. But with cold lateral compaction technique, RaCe system showed less leakage as compared to ProTaper system. Conclusion: The type of obturation may play more important role than the type of instrument or retained/non-retained instrument factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonali Taneja
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, ITS college of Dental Sciences and Research, Muradnagar, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Özok AR, Verhaagen B, Wesselink PR. Improving the accuracy of a fluid transport method. Int Endod J 2012; 46:348-54. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2591.2012.02123.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2011] [Accepted: 08/03/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. R. Özok
- Department of Conservative and Preventive Dentistry; Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA),; University of Amsterdam and VU University Amsterdam,; Amsterdam; The Netherlands
| | - B. Verhaagen
- Physics of Fluids Group; Faculty of Science and Technology; MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine; University of Twente; Enschede; The Netherlands
| | - P. R. Wesselink
- Department of Conservative and Preventive Dentistry; Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA),; University of Amsterdam and VU University Amsterdam,; Amsterdam; The Netherlands
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Kalra M, Iqbal K, Nitisusanta LI, Daood U, Sum CP, Fawzy AS. The effect of proanthocyanidins on the bond strength and durability of resin sealer to root dentine. Int Endod J 2012; 46:169-78. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2591.2012.02106.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2012] [Accepted: 06/25/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Kalra
- Discipline of Prosthodontics, Operative Dentistry and Endodontics; National University of Singapore; Singapore city Singapore
| | - K. Iqbal
- Discipline of Prosthodontics, Operative Dentistry and Endodontics; National University of Singapore; Singapore city Singapore
| | - L. I. Nitisusanta
- Discipline of Prosthodontics, Operative Dentistry and Endodontics; National University of Singapore; Singapore city Singapore
| | - U. Daood
- Discipline of Oral Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry; National University of Singapore; Singapore city Singapore
| | - C. P. Sum
- Discipline of Prosthodontics, Operative Dentistry and Endodontics; National University of Singapore; Singapore city Singapore
| | - A. S. Fawzy
- Discipline of Oral Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry; National University of Singapore; Singapore city Singapore
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New endodontic obturation systems and their interfacial bond strength with intraradicular dentine - ex vivo studies. Adv Med Sci 2011; 56:327-33. [PMID: 21940263 DOI: 10.2478/v10039-011-0031-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To comparatively evaluate adhesive properties of selected root canal fillings through the measurement of the material-dentine interfacial bond strength. MATERIAL AND METHODS Fifty extracted single-rooted human teeth with one canal each were prepared using Hero instruments to size 30.04. Teeth were divided into four subgroups depending on the root canal filling material and the method of obturation: Resilon/Epiphany - a thermoplastic method (IA), Resilon/Epiphany - a matching single-point method (IB), gutta-percha/Roeko Seal Automix - a thermoplastic method (IIA) and gutta-percha/Roeko Seal Automix - a matching single-point method (IIB). The obturated roots were cut perpendicular to the long axis to create 1.7 mm thick slices. The bond strength was measured for each test slice with push -out testing machine. RESULTS The highest push-out bond strength was registered in subgroup IB (3.98 ± 1.33 MPa). Significantly lower bond strength was observed in subgroups IA (0.50 ± 0.24 MPa), IIA (0.33 ± 0.18 MPa) and IIB (0.08 ± 0.03 MPa) (p<0.001). No statistically significant differences in material-dentine interfacial bond strength values were observed between IA and IIA, IA and IIB, IIA and IIB subgroups (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The push-out bond strength of the material-dentine interface was dependent on the type of material used and the root canal filling technique. The R/E system exhibited better adhesion ability to intraradicular dentine than G/RSA. The highest bond strength was observed for Resilon/Epiphany introduced with the single-cone technique.
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Kandaswamy D, Venkateshbabu N, Krishna RG, Hannah R, Arathi G, Roohi R. Comparison of laterally condensed, vertically compacted thermoplasticized, cold free-flow GP obturations - A volumetric analysis using spiral CT. J Conserv Dent 2011; 12:145-9. [PMID: 20543923 PMCID: PMC2879726 DOI: 10.4103/0972-0707.58334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2009] [Revised: 06/25/2009] [Accepted: 09/02/2009] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM/OBJECTIVE To compare the laterally condensed gutta-percha, vertically compacted thermoplastized gutta-percha (E and Q Plus system) and cold free-flow gutta-percha (GuttaFlow). This is a volumetric analysis using spiral CT, an in vitro study. MATERIALS AND METHODS Access cavities were prepared in 60 single rooted anterior teeth; cleaning and shaping was done and obturated with three of the different techniques: group A: cold lateral; group B: vertically compacted thermoplasticized and group C: cold free-flow obturation techniques. Volume analysis was done using spiral computed tomography (CT). The percentage difference was calculated and statistically analyzed using one-way ANOVA and post hoc multiple comparison Tukey HSD tests. RESULTS There were statistical significant differences between group A (0.183cm(3)) and group B (0.136cm(3)); group A (0.183cm(3)) and group C (0.128cm(3)). But there was no statistical significance between group B (0.136cm(3)) and group C (0.128cm(3)). CONCLUSION Within the limitations of this in vitro study it can be concluded that cold free-flow obturation technique showed the highest volume of obturation, followed by the vertically condensed thermoplasticized technique. The least volume of obturation was observed in cold lateral condensation technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deivanayagam Kandaswamy
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Sri Ramachandra Dental College, Porur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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Zaslansky P, Fratzl P, Rack A, Wu MK, Wesselink PR, Shemesh H. Identification of root filling interfaces by microscopy and tomography methods. Int Endod J 2011; 44:395-401. [PMID: 21219359 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2591.2010.01830.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIM To assess differences in observed cross-sectional areas of root canals and filling materials, as imaged by three microscopy and two tomography methods. METHODOLOGY Six roots filled with laterally compacted Gutta-percha and AH26 were scanned with phase-contrast enhanced microtomography in a synchrotron facility. Reconstructed virtual slices were compared with sections of both wet and acrylic-embedded roots, evaluated also by light and electron microscopy (EM) and laboratory-based microtomography (μCT). The different contrasts of Gutta-percha, voids, sealer and root dentine were identified and correlated. Inner canal border, outer Gutta-percha rim and the external margin of a void were manually delineated, and the enclosed areas were repeatedly measured by three observers. Interobserver and interimaging method differences were tested by 2-way anova with Bonferroni adjustments (P < 0.05). Percentages of Gutta-percha-filled canal areas (PGP) were determined. RESULTS Phase-contrast enhanced microtomography revealed internal interfaces and detailed 3D volumes of accentuated voids as well as micrometre-sized particles and gaps within the treated roots. Overestimates in the cross-sectional areas were obtained by light microscopy, whereas underestimates were obtained by μCT and EM. Differences exceeded 40%; however, PGP values by all methods were within 5% for the same slice. Differences between observers were sometimes significant, but they were not method related (<3%). CONCLUSIONS Phase-contrast enhanced microtomography is a powerful non-destructive ex vivo investigation method for studying the interfaces within root canals and filling materials at a micrometre resolution. The method does not require damage-prone sectioning/polishing during sample preparation procedures. Caution should be used when quantifying the extent of Gutta-percha in root fillings by measurements using μCT, light and EM.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Zaslansky
- Department of Biomaterials, Max-Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Potsdam, Germany.
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Parirokh M, Mirsoltani B, Raoof M, Tabrizchi H, Haghdoost AA. Comparative study of subcutaneous tissue responses to a novel root-end filling material and white and grey mineral trioxide aggregate. Int Endod J 2010; 44:283-9. [PMID: 21091493 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2591.2010.01808.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
AIM To compare the subcutaneous tissue response to grey mineral trioxide aggregate (GMTA), white mineral trioxide aggregate (WMTA) and a new experimental cement (calcium enriched cement, CEM). METHODOLOGY Thirty-six Wistar male albino rats each received three implants, containing one of the tested materials, and an empty tube as a control. Seven, 30 and 60 days after implantation, the animals were sacrificed. After histological preparation and H&E staining, the specimens were evaluated for capsule thickness, necrosis, and for the type, the severity, and the extent of inflammation. Kruskal Wallis and Chi-square tests were used for data analysis. RESULTS After 1 week, CEM produced no necrosis compared to both types of WMTA and GMTA (P = 0.007). After 30 days, GMTA specimens had significantly less inflammation compared with WMTA and CEM (P = 0.011). After 60 days, less inflammation was associated with CEM specimens (P = 0.0001) compared to the other materials. Dystrophic calcifications in the connective tissue adjacent to all experimental material were detected. CONCLUSION Histological observation illustrated that all materials were well tolerated by the subcutaneous tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Parirokh
- Oral and Dental Diseases Research Center, School of Dentistry, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
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Kqiku L, Miletic I, Gruber HJ, Anic I, Städtler P. [Microleakage of root canal fillings with GuttaFlow and Resilon compared with lateral condensation]. Wien Med Wochenschr 2010; 160:230-4. [PMID: 20632151 DOI: 10.1007/s10354-010-0790-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2009] [Accepted: 02/22/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Epiphany/Resilon and GuttaFlow are newly developed methods for obturation of the root canal system. Epiphany/Resilon is a thermoplastic, synthetic polymer-based root canal filling material which enables the bonding to the dentin root canal wall during root canal obturation. GuttaFlow is a cold flowable filling system for the obturation of root canals, combining sealer and gutta-percha in one product. The purpose of this study was to assess the leakage of the Epiphany/Resilon or GuttaFlow root canal filling compared with lateral condensation of gutta-percha. For this study were used 45 human extracted teeth, chemo mechanically prepared, divided into three groups and obturated with gutta-percha/AH Plus, Epiphany/Resilon and GuttaFlow. For dye penetration all teeth were centrifuged for three minutes at 30 g in 2% methylene blue and dissolved in 65% nitric acid for 3 days. The extracted methylene blue was determined with Photometer. Root Canal fillings with Epiphany/Resilon showed less dye penetration than lateral condensation of gutta-percha and GuttaFlow. Epiphany/Resilon is ideally suited as a root canal filling material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lumnije Kqiku
- Klinische Abteilung für Zahnerhaltungskunde der Universitätsklinik für Zahn-, Mund- und Kieferheilkunde Graz, Medizinische Universität Graz, Austria.
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25
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Vasiliadis L, Kodonas K, Economides N, Gogos C, Stavrianos C. Short- and long-term sealing ability of Gutta-flow and AH-Plus using anex vivofluid transport model. Int Endod J 2010; 43:377-81. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2591.2010.01689.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Analysis of sealing ability of root canal sealers using scanning electronic microscopy technique. SRP ARK CELOK LEK 2010; 138:694-8. [DOI: 10.2298/sarh1012694v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction. An ideal endodontic sealer should adhere firmly both to dentin
and to gutta-percha. Objective. The aim of this study was to evaluate the
adhesion of the root canal filling to dentin and gutta-percha using scanning
electronic microscopy (SEM). Methods. The sealing ability of endodontic
sealers to dentinal walls of the root canal was assessed in recently
extracted human single canal premolars. Twenty teeth were prepared using the
crown-down technique and irrigated with 3% NaOCl. A total of 20 samples were
divided into two groups. The root canals were obturated using Ketac-Endo
Aplicap and GutaFlow. The sealing ability and adhesion properties at the
sealer-dentin interface were studied using SEM and the results were rated
from 1 to 3; extremely good adhesion (rated 1), good adhesion (rated 2) and
a relatively good adhesion (rated 3). Results. The results showed extremely
good adhesion on Ketac-Endo and GuttaFlow dentin interface. GuttaFlow has
strong adhesion (rated 1) to gutta-percha in comparison with Ketac-Endo to
gutta-percha interface (rated 2). Conclusion. New GuttaFlow filling material
has a strong sealing ability and excellent adhesion to dentinal walls and
gutta-percha cones. Ketac-Endo showed excellent bond to dentin with a
slightly weaker adhesion capacity to the gutta-percha cones in comparison to
GuttaFlow.
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Shemesh H, Bier CAS, Wu MK, Tanomaru-Filho M, Wesselink PR. The effects of canal preparation and filling on the incidence of dentinal defects. Int Endod J 2009; 42:208-13. [PMID: 19228210 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2591.2008.01502.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 174] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate ex vivo the incidence of defects in root dentine before and after root canal preparation and filling. METHODOLOGY Eighty extracted mandibular premolars were divided equally in four groups. Group 1 was left unprepared. All other root canals were prepared using Gates Glidden drills and System GT files up to size-40, 0.06 taper at the working length. Group 2 was not filled while the canals of the other groups were filled with gutta-percha and AH26, either with a master cone and passive insertion of secondary gutta percha points (group 3) or lateral compaction (group 4). Roots were then sectioned horizontally 3, 6, and 9 mm from the apex and observed under a microscope. The presence of dentinal defects (fractures, craze lines or incomplete cracks) was noted and the differences between the groups were analysed with the Fisher's exact test. RESULTS No defects were observed in the roots with unprepared canals. The overall difference between the groups was significant (P < 0.05). Canal preparation alone created significantly more defects than unprepared canals (P < 0.05). The total number of defects after lateral compaction was significantly larger than after noncompaction canal filling. CONCLUSION Root canal preparation and filling of extracted teeth created dentine defects such as fractures, craze lines and incomplete cracks.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Shemesh
- Department of Cariology, Endodontology, Pedodontology, Academic Centre of Dentistry Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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Evaluation of Root Canal Obturation: A Three-dimensional In Vitro Study. J Endod 2009; 35:541-4. [PMID: 19345801 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2008.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2008] [Revised: 12/19/2008] [Accepted: 12/24/2008] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Taşdemir T, Yesilyurt C, Yildirim T, Er K. Evaluation of the Radiopacity of New Root Canal Paste/Sealers by Digital Radiography. J Endod 2008; 34:1388-1390. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2008.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2008] [Revised: 08/08/2008] [Accepted: 08/09/2008] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Shemesh H, Souza EM, Wu MK, Wesselink PR. Glucose reactivity with filling materials as a limitation for using the glucose leakage model. Int Endod J 2008; 41:869-72. [PMID: 18699787 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2591.2008.01440.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the reactivity of different endodontic materials and sealers with glucose and to asses the reliability of the glucose leakage model in measuring penetration of glucose through these materials. METHODOLOGY Ten uniform discs (radius 5 mm, thickness 2 mm) were made of each of the following materials: Portland cement, MTA (grey and white), sealer 26, calcium sulphate, calcium hydroxide [Ca(OH)(2)], AH26,Epiphany, Resilon, gutta-percha and dentine. After storing the discs for 1 week at 37 degrees C and humid conditions, they were immersed in 0.2 mg mL(-1) glucose solution in a test tube. The concentration of glucose was evaluated using an enzymatic reaction after 1 week. Statistical analysis was performed with the anova and Dunnett tests at a significant level of P < 0.05. RESULTS Portland cement, MTA, Ca(OH)(2) and sealer 26 reduced the concentration in the test tube of glucose significantly after 1 week (P < 0.05). Calcium sulphate reduced the concentration of glucose, but the difference in concentrations was not significant (P = 0.054). CONCLUSIONS Portland cement, MTA, Ca(OH)(2) and sealer 26 react with a 0.2 mg mL(-1) glucose solution. Therefore, these materials should not be evaluated for sealing ability with the glucose leakage model.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Shemesh
- Department of Cariology Endodontology Pedodontology, Academic Center for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
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