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Copelli FA, Oda LY, Rodrigues CT, Batista A, Duarte MAH, Cavenago BC. Evaluation of Minimally Invasive Preparation of Curved Mesial Canals of Mandibular Molars - An In Vitro Study. J Endod 2024:S0099-2399(24)00346-7. [PMID: 38901644 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2024.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Curved mesial roots can be challenging for different stages of endodontic treatment. Preparation aims to enlarge, clean, and shape the root canal system, and hundreds of systems are available to carry it out. Aiming to maintain pericervical dentin, minimally invasive preparation was proposed, and with it, instruments with lower tapers emerged. This study aimed to evaluate the increase in canal volume, the centering ability of the instruments, and root canal transportation of two different rotary systems with lower tapers. METHODS Eighteen curved mesial roots of extracted mandibular molars were scanned by micro-CT at 3 moments: initial and after the 2 stages of endodontic preparation. The canals were prepared using TruNatomy (TN) and ProDesign Logic 2 (PDL2) instruments up to sizes 25.04 and 26.04, respectively, and after 36.03 and 35.05, respectively. The data were analyzed using parametric and nonparametric tests with a significance level of 5%. RESULTS TN and PDL2 systems showed no difference regarding the increase in the volume of the canals with the first instruments, but after preparation with a diameter size of 35 or 36, there was a difference (P < .01) between the systems in the cervical and middle thirds. CONCLUSION Both systems shaped the mesial canals of mandibular molars while keeping low transportation and good centering ability in enlargements up to diameter size 35 or 36 with tapers of 3 or 5%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Andretta Copelli
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Postgraduate Program in Dentistry of Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Lisa Yurie Oda
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Postgraduate Program in Dentistry of Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil.
| | | | - Antonio Batista
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Marco Antonio Hungaro Duarte
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials, School of Dentistry of Bauru, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bruno Cavalini Cavenago
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Postgraduate Program in Dentistry of Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
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Kyaw MS, Ebihara A, Iino Y, Thu M, Maki K, Kimura S, Htun PH, Okiji T. Effect of preset torque setting on torque/force generation, shaping ability and surface changes of nickel titanium rotary instrument in different root canal curvature locations: An ex vivo study. Dent Mater J 2024; 43:329-337. [PMID: 38583993 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2023-244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate how preset torque settings influence the torque, vertical force, and root canal-centering ability of ProGlider and ProTaper NEXT nickel-titanium rotary instruments in canals with different curvature locations. Based on micro-computed tomography, mesial roots of human mandibular molars (25°-40° curvature) were allocated to the apical curvature (apical 1-5 mm) or the middle curvature (apical 5-9 mm) groups, and mandibular incisors (curvature <5°) to the straight canal group. Each group was subjected to automated instrumentation and torque/force measurement with the preset torque of 1, 2.5, or 5 N•cm. Canal-centering ratios were determined with micro-computed tomography. Instrument fracture occurred only in the 2.5 and 5 N•cm groups in curved canals. The preset torque setting and curvature location did not influence canal shaping ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moe Sandar Kyaw
- Department of Pulp Biology and Endodontics, Division of Oral Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU)
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, University of Dental Medicine (Mandalay)
| | - Arata Ebihara
- Department of Pulp Biology and Endodontics, Division of Oral Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU)
| | - Yoshiko Iino
- Department of Pulp Biology and Endodontics, Division of Oral Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU)
| | - Myint Thu
- Department of Pulp Biology and Endodontics, Division of Oral Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU)
| | - Keiichiro Maki
- Department of Pulp Biology and Endodontics, Division of Oral Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU)
| | - Shunsuke Kimura
- Department of Pulp Biology and Endodontics, Division of Oral Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU)
| | - Pyae Hein Htun
- Department of Pulp Biology and Endodontics, Division of Oral Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU)
| | - Takashi Okiji
- Department of Pulp Biology and Endodontics, Division of Oral Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU)
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Chen J, Zhang H, Zhao T, Yu Y, Song J, Zhao Y, Alshawwa H, Zou X, Zhang Z. Oxygen Self-Supplied Nanoplatform for Enhanced Photodynamic Therapy against Enterococcus Faecalis within Root Canals. Adv Healthc Mater 2024; 13:e2302926. [PMID: 38273674 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202302926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
The successful treatment of persistent and recurrent endodontic infections hinges upon the eradication of residual microorganisms within the root canal system, which urgently needs novel drugs to deliver potent yet gentle antimicrobial effects. Antibacterial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) is a promising tool for root canal infection management. Nevertheless, the hypoxic microenvironment within the root canal system significantly limits the efficacy of this treatment. Herein, a nanohybrid drug, Ce6/CaO2/ZIF-8@polyethylenimine (PEI), is developed using a bottom-up strategy to self-supply oxygen for enhanced aPDT. PEI provides a positively charged surface, which enables precise targeting of bacteria. CaO2 reacts with H2O to generate O2, which alleviates the hypoxia in the root canal and serves as a substrate for Ce6 under 660 nm laser irradiation, leading to the successful eradication of planktonic Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) and biofilm in vitro and, moreover, the effective elimination of mature E. faecalis biofilm in situ within the root canal system. This smart design offers a viable alternative for mitigating hypoxia within the root canal system to overcome the restricted efficacy of photosensitizers, providing an exciting prospect for the clinical management of persistent endodontic infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawen Chen
- Department of Endodontics, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, P. R. China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Endodontics, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, P. R. China
| | - Tiancong Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Materials, Department of Chemistry and Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (2011-iChEM), Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Yiyan Yu
- Department of Endodontics, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, P. R. China
| | - Jiazhuo Song
- Department of Endodontics, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, P. R. China
| | - Yuanhang Zhao
- Department of Endodontics, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, P. R. China
| | - Hamed Alshawwa
- Department of Endodontics, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, P. R. China
| | - Xinying Zou
- Department of Endodontics, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, P. R. China
| | - Zhimin Zhang
- Department of Endodontics, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, P. R. China
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Reis T, Barbosa C, Franco M, Silva R, Alves N, Castelo-Baz P, Martín-Cruces J, Martín-Biedma B. Three-Dimensional Printed Teeth in Endodontics: A New Protocol for Microcomputed Tomography Studies. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:1899. [PMID: 38673256 PMCID: PMC11052238 DOI: 10.3390/ma17081899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to describe a support material removal protocol (SMRP) from inside the root canals of three-dimensional printed teeth (3DPT) obtained by the microcomputed tomography (microCT) of a natural tooth (NT), evaluate its effectiveness by comparing the 3DPT to NT in terms of internal anatomy and behaviour toward endodontic preparation, and evaluate if 3DPT are adequate to assess the differences between two preparation systems. After the SMRP, twenty 3DPT printed by PolyJet™ were microCT scanned before preparation and thereafter randomly assigned into two groups (n = 10). One group and NT were prepared using ProTaper Gold® (PTG), and the other group with Endogal® (ENDG). MicroCT scans were carried out after preparation, and the volume increase, volume of dentin removed, centroids, transportation, and unprepared areas were compared. For the parameters evaluated, no significant differences were found between the 3DPT and NT before and after preparation (p > 0.05), and no significant differences were found between the 3DPT PTG group and the 3DPT ENDG group (p > 0.05). It can be concluded that the SMRP described is effective in removing the support material SUP706B™. PolyJet™ is adequate for printing 3DPT. Furthermore, 3DPT printed with high-temperature RGD525™ have similar behaviour during endodontic preparation with PTG as the NT, and 3DPT can be used to compare two preparation systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiago Reis
- Endodontics and Restorative Dentistry Unit, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15701 Santiago de Compostela, Spain;
- Centre for Rapid and Sustainable Product Development (CDRSP), Polytechnic University of Leiria, 2411-901 Leiria, Portugal; (M.F.); (R.S.); (N.A.)
- FP-I3ID, FP-BHS, Health Sciences Faculty, University Fernando Pessoa, 4249-004 Porto, Portugal;
| | - Cláudia Barbosa
- FP-I3ID, FP-BHS, Health Sciences Faculty, University Fernando Pessoa, 4249-004 Porto, Portugal;
- RISE-Health, University Fernando Pessoa, 4249-004 Porto, Portugal
| | - Margarida Franco
- Centre for Rapid and Sustainable Product Development (CDRSP), Polytechnic University of Leiria, 2411-901 Leiria, Portugal; (M.F.); (R.S.); (N.A.)
| | - Ruben Silva
- Centre for Rapid and Sustainable Product Development (CDRSP), Polytechnic University of Leiria, 2411-901 Leiria, Portugal; (M.F.); (R.S.); (N.A.)
| | - Nuno Alves
- Centre for Rapid and Sustainable Product Development (CDRSP), Polytechnic University of Leiria, 2411-901 Leiria, Portugal; (M.F.); (R.S.); (N.A.)
| | - Pablo Castelo-Baz
- Oral Sciences Research Group, Endodontics and Restorative Dentistry Unit, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Santiago de Compostela, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (P.C.-B.); (B.M.-B.)
| | - Jose Martín-Cruces
- Endodontics and Restorative Dentistry Unit, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15701 Santiago de Compostela, Spain;
| | - Benjamín Martín-Biedma
- Oral Sciences Research Group, Endodontics and Restorative Dentistry Unit, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Santiago de Compostela, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (P.C.-B.); (B.M.-B.)
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Swathi S, Antony DP, Solete P, Jeevanandan G, Vishwanathaiah S, Maganur PC. Comparative evaluation of remaining dentin thickness, canal centering ability and apical deformity between ProFit S3 and Protaper gold - A nano CT study. Saudi Dent J 2024; 36:650-655. [PMID: 38690382 PMCID: PMC11056410 DOI: 10.1016/j.sdentj.2024.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose For the root canal treatment to be successful, the root canal system must be cleaned and shaped, and must be gradually widened from the apical to the coronal region in order to preserve dentin thickness. ProFit S3 (Profit Dental, India) patented rotary file with variable taper design preserves dentin. The study employs ultra-high-resolution nano-computed tomography to assess the volumetric changes of two new rotary files in permanent mandibular premolars. Materials and methods Based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, this in-vitro investigation used extracted premolars. Before the pre-operative scan, samples were made and the working length was determined using a high-precision nano-CT (SkyScan 2214, Bruker, Kontich, Belgium). A single skilled pediatric dentist used ProFit S3 (Profit Dental, India) and Protaper Gold (PTG; Dentsply, Tulsa Dental Specialties, Tulsa, OK, USA) to prepare the canals. Post-op scans were similar to pre-ops. For 3D root canal visualization and analysis, NRecon software was used to rebuild images. Results Profit S3 has a mean value of 0.65500 and Protaper gold 1.38800, indicating a significant range. Protaper gold followed Profit S3 in canal volume differential. The two rotating file systems differed significantly (p 0.05). ProFit S3 maintained mesiodistal and buccolingual dentin thickness at 4 mm, 8 mm, and 12 mm, followed by Protaper Gold. Conclusions ProFit S3 exhibited the lowest mean canal volume difference compared to Protaper gold. Unlike Protaper Gold, ProFit S3 offers a variable taper design that preserves root canal anatomy, peri cervical dentin, and dentin thickness.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Swathi
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai 77, India
| | - Delphine Priscilla Antony
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai 77, India
| | - Pradeep Solete
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai 77, India
| | - Ganesh Jeevanandan
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai 77, India
| | - Satish Vishwanathaiah
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, Division of Pediatric dentistry, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Prabhadevi C. Maganur
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, Division of Pediatric dentistry, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
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Zhu Q, Liu C, Bai B, Pei F, Tang Y, Song W, Chen X, Gu Y. Micro-computed tomographic evaluation of the shaping ability of three nickel-titanium rotary systems in the middle mesial canal of mandibular first molars: an ex vivo study based on 3D printed tooth replicas. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:294. [PMID: 38431556 PMCID: PMC10909274 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04024-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The preparation of the middle mesial (MM) canal of mandibular molars represents a challenge because it is often curved, narrow, and close to the root concave. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the ex vivo shaping ability of 3 nickel-titanium (NiTi) rotary systems in the MM canal using 3D printed resin tooth replicas. METHODS A permanent mandibular first molar with a MM canal was acquired from a pool of extracted teeth and reproduced by a 3D printer. The resin tooth replicas (n = 18) were equally assigned to 3 groups for the evaluation of the shaping abilities of 3 NiTi rotary systems (OneShape [OS], Twisted Files [TF], and ProTaper Gold [PTG]) according to the manufacturer's recommendations. The tooth replicas were scanned by micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) twice before and after instrumentation of the mesiobuccal (MB), mesiolingual (ML), and MM root canals. After 3D reconstruction, the canal straightening, change of root canal volume and surface area, the mesial and distal canal wall thickness and canal transportation at the levels of 1, 2, and 3 mm below furcation were assessed. One-way variance analysis and Turkey's post hoc test were used for comparisons of the means among different groups, and paired-t test was used to compare the mesial and distal sides of the mesial roots. RESULTS As compared with OS and TF, the use of PTG in preparation of MM canals resulted in significantly more straightening of canal curvature (p < 0.05), greater post-instrumentation canal volume and surface area, and thinner mesial and distal remaining canal wall thickness at 1, 2 and 3 mm below furcation (all p < 0.05). Regarding the root canal transportation in the mesiodistal direction, there was no significant difference among the 3 instruments (all p > 0.05) after the preparation of the MB and ML canals. However, in the MM canal, more pronounced transportation was detected in the PTG group at 2 mm below furcation, and in the TF group at 3 mm below furcation as compared with the other 2 systems (both p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS 3D printed tooth replicas have the advantages of consistency and can be an ideal model to evaluate the shaping ability of different instruments in the MM canal. OS and TF files performed similarly and both are appropriate for shaping the MM canal, while PTG may cause excessive and uneven resin removal, especially near the furcation, and may lead to root fragility and procedural errors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhu
- Department of Dentistry and Central Laboratory, Ninth People's Hospital of Suzhou, Soochow University, Ludang Road 2666#, Wujiang Dist., Suzhou, 215200, China
| | - Chao Liu
- Department of Dentistry and Central Laboratory, Ninth People's Hospital of Suzhou, Soochow University, Ludang Road 2666#, Wujiang Dist., Suzhou, 215200, China
| | - Bingbing Bai
- The Stomatology Hospital Affiliated of Suzhou Vocational Health College, Renmin Road 829#, Gusu Dist, Suzhou, 215002, China
| | - Fan Pei
- Department of Dentistry and Central Laboratory, Ninth People's Hospital of Suzhou, Soochow University, Ludang Road 2666#, Wujiang Dist., Suzhou, 215200, China
| | - Ying Tang
- Department of Pathology, Ninth People's Hospital of Suzhou, Soochow University, Ludang Road 2666#, Wujiang Dist., Suzhou, 215200, China
| | - Weijian Song
- Department of Stomatology, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Daoqian St. 26#, Gusu Dist, Suzhou, 215002, China
| | - Xiuchun Chen
- Department of Dentistry and Central Laboratory, Ninth People's Hospital of Suzhou, Soochow University, Ludang Road 2666#, Wujiang Dist., Suzhou, 215200, China.
| | - Yongchun Gu
- Department of Dentistry and Central Laboratory, Ninth People's Hospital of Suzhou, Soochow University, Ludang Road 2666#, Wujiang Dist., Suzhou, 215200, China.
- The Stomatology Hospital Affiliated of Suzhou Vocational Health College, Renmin Road 829#, Gusu Dist, Suzhou, 215002, China.
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Ventura BN, Gavini G, Iglecias EF, Freire LG, Caldeira CL. Using manual versus mechanized glide path instruments and ProTaper Gold versus ProTaper Next systems in curved canals: micro-CT study. Braz Oral Res 2024; 38:e006. [PMID: 38198306 DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2024.vol38.0006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the root canal shaping effect of ProTaper Gold (PTG) versus ProTaper Next (PTN) instrumentation systems, and of a manual #15 K-type file (K15) versus the ProGlider (PG) mechanized instrument for glide path creation, in severely curved mesial canals. Twenty-four mandibular molars with two separate mesial canals were anatomically matched using computed tomographic scanning, and then divided into two groups (n=12) according to the glide path instrument used, either K15 or PG. In all teeth, the PTG system was used to prepare the mesiobuccal canal, and the PTN, the mesiolingual canal. The teeth were scanned by computed microtomography, before and after root canal preparation, and the values of the initial volume, final volume, volumetric variation, untouched walls, and canal transportation variables were determined. The data were analyzed using the two-way ANOVA test, and the Tukey test for multiple comparisons. There was no significant difference among the study groups regarding volumetric variation or root canal transportation, either in the cervical, middle or apical thirds, or in the entire root canal (p>0.05). In the apical third, the percentage of untouched walls was significantly higher in groups using K15 than in those using PG (p<0.05), namely 33.144% and 23.285%, respectively, irrespective of the instrumentation system. In the other regions, there was no difference between K15 and PG regarding this variable. It was concluded that PG was associated with a lower rate of untouched walls in the apical region than K15.
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Affiliation(s)
- Breno Nappi Ventura
- Universidade de São Paulo - USP, School of Dentistry, Department of Operative Dentistry, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Giulio Gavini
- Universidade de São Paulo - USP, School of Dentistry, Department of Operative Dentistry, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Laila Gonzales Freire
- Universidade de São Paulo - USP, School of Dentistry, Department of Operative Dentistry, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Celso Luiz Caldeira
- Universidade de São Paulo - USP, School of Dentistry, Department of Operative Dentistry, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Prado HS, Petean IBF, Franco NJS, Camargo RV, Carvalho KKTD, Mazzi-Chaves JF, Lopes-Olhê FC, Silva-Sousa YTC, Souza-Gabriel AE, Sousa-Neto MD. Impact of access cavities on root canal preparation, restorative protocol quality, and fracture resistance of teeth. Braz Oral Res 2023; 37:e096. [PMID: 38055514 DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2023.vol37.0096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The survival of endodontically treated teeth depends on the remaining tooth structure. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of different access cavities on root canal preparation, restorative protocol, and fracture resistance of endodontically treated teeth. Fifty-six mandibular molars were divided into control (n=8) and experimental (n=16) groups according to access cavity: Traditional, Conservative, and Truss; and redistributed (n=8) according to instrumentation protocols: Reciproc Blue and R-motion. After, teeth were scanned in micro-CT and then filled and redistributed according to composite resin restoration (n=8): Filtek One BulkFill and Filtek Z350. A new micro-CT scan was performed to analyze the restorative material. Then, samples were submitted to fracture resistance testing and the failure pattern was determined. Data were analyzed using paired T-test, ANOVA, Tukey, and chi-square tests (α=0.05). In Truss, R-Motion promoted less transportation in different thirds of root canals. Higher percentages of voids (5.05%) and filling material (11.7%) were observed in Truss. Fracture resistance values were higher for the control group, followed by Truss, Conservative, and Traditional. The predominant failure pattern was type-II. In Truss, reciprocating instruments with smaller taper showed less canal transportation. Also, Truss provided higher values of fracture resistance, although it presented a higher percentage of voids and remaining filling material. Thus, in Truss, reciprocating files with smaller taper showed less canal transportation, and these cavities provided higher values of fracture resistance, although it presented a higher percentage of voids and remaining filling material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heitor Silva Prado
- Universidade de São Paulo - USP, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Igor Bassi Ferreira Petean
- Universidade de São Paulo - USP, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Natália Junqueira Saud Franco
- Universidade de São Paulo - USP, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Rafael Verardino Camargo
- Universidade de São Paulo - USP, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Jardel Francisco Mazzi-Chaves
- Universidade de São Paulo - USP, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Fabiane Carneiro Lopes-Olhê
- Universidade de São Paulo - USP, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Aline Evangelista Souza-Gabriel
- Universidade de São Paulo - USP, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Manoel Damião Sousa-Neto
- Universidade de São Paulo - USP, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
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Yeniçeri Özata M, Falakaloğlu S, Keleş A, Adıgüzel Ö, Gündoğar M. Evaluation of shaping ability of different glide path instruments: a micro-computed tomography study. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:780. [PMID: 37875946 PMCID: PMC10594883 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03529-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to compare the shaping ability of different instruments, TruNatomy Glider (TRN-G), WaveOne Gold Glider (WOG-G), and ProGlider (Pro-G) using micro-computed tomography (micro-CT). METHODS The mesial canals of 27 mandibular molars with two separate mesial canals and moderate curvature were included in this study [n = 27 mesiobuccal (MB) and mesiolingual (ML) root canal]. According to the manufacturer's instructions, the glide path was created with TRN-G, WOG-G, and Pro-G glide path instruments (n = 9 MB and ML root canal in each group). Micro-CT scanning was performed before and after preparation. Mesiodistal (MD) and buccolingual (BL) transportation and the centering ratio were measured at three levels within the canal (3, 5 and 7 mm). A three-way robust ANOVA was used to compare the parameters. RESULTS TRN-G showed significantly greater transportation in the MD direction than the other instruments throughout the root canal (overall root canal) (p < 0.05). The best centering ability in the BL direction was shown by the WOG-G, regardless of level within the canal and canal distinction (MB vs. ML) (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference between groups according to the level within the canal and canal parameters (p > 0.05). Whether the root canal was MB or ML did not affect centering or transportation (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Glide path instruments can be used to shape moderately curved canals with minimal apical transportation and better centering ability. All three tested glide path files can used safely before the shaping file.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merve Yeniçeri Özata
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Dicle University, Diyarbakır, Turkey.
| | - Seda Falakaloğlu
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, İstanbul Health and Technology University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Ali Keleş
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Bolu Abant İzzet Baysal University, Bolu, Turkey
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Özkan Adıgüzel
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Dicle University, Diyarbakır, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Gündoğar
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, İstanbul Medipol University, İstanbul, Turkey
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Generali L, Checchi V, Borghi A, La Rosa GRM, Conte G, Zavattini A, Mannocci F, Angerame D, Consolo U, Pedullà E. Shaping ability of Procodile and R6 Reziflow nickel-titanium reciprocating instruments in curved mesial root canals of mandibular molars: A MicroCT study. Microsc Res Tech 2023; 86:1345-1352. [PMID: 37066970 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.24326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
To compare the shaping ability of Procodile and R6 Reziflow instruments used in reciprocating motion in severely curved root canals, assessed with micro-computed tomography (μCT). Fourteen extracted human mandibular first molars were randomly assigned to two instrumentation techniques (n = 14 mesial root canals): Procodile or R6 Reziflow. For both groups, root canals were prepared to the working length up to a size 25, .06 taper. Molars were virtually divided into apical, middle and coronal thirds and μCT was used to scan all samples pre- and post-root canal. Canal transportation, centring ability, volume, surface area and unprepared area were evaluated. Geometrical parameter changes were compared with preoperative values (one-way analyses of variance and Tukey multiple comparison post-hoc test) between groups and Student t-test within groups (α = 0.05) Significantly less transportation was observed associated with the Procodile technique in the molar's coronal third compared to the R6 Reziflow technique (p < .05). No significant differences in root canal centring ability, volume, surface area and unprepared area were observed. Procodile showed a lower percentage increase of surface area compared to R6 Reziflow (p < .05). The Procodile and R6 Reziflow techniques applied to first molar root canal performed similarly except for the less transportation observed in the coronal third using Procodile. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS: MicroCT analysis of canal geometry before and after instrumentation revealed that Procodile and R6 Reziflow showed a similar shaping ability to shape curved root canals without substantially modifications of the original tooth anatomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Generali
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Transplant Surgery, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine Relevance (CHIMOMO), University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Vittorio Checchi
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Transplant Surgery, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine Relevance (CHIMOMO), University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Alessia Borghi
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Transplant Surgery, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine Relevance (CHIMOMO), University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Giusy Rita Maria La Rosa
- Department of General Surgery and Surgical-Medical Specialties, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Gianluca Conte
- Department of General Surgery and Surgical-Medical Specialties, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Angelo Zavattini
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Science, King's College London, Guy's Tower, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
| | - Francesco Mannocci
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Science, King's College London, Guy's Tower, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
| | - Daniele Angerame
- Clinical Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Ugo Consolo
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Transplant Surgery, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine Relevance (CHIMOMO), University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Eugenio Pedullà
- Department of General Surgery and Surgical-Medical Specialties, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
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11
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Rödig T, Westbomke V, Haupt F, Münster M, Baxter S. Effect of preparation size on the removal of accumulated hard-tissue debris from the mesial root canal system of mandibular molars using SWEEPS technology. Clin Oral Investig 2023; 27:2787-2796. [PMID: 36642725 PMCID: PMC10264281 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-023-04862-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study assessed the influence of preparation size on the efficacy of shock wave-enhanced emission photoacoustic streaming (SWEEPS) and conventional irrigation (CI) on removal of accumulated hard tissue debris (AHTD) from isthmus-containing mandibular molars using micro-computed tomographic analysis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sixty extracted mandibular molars with two mesial canals connected by an isthmus were selected. Canals were shaped with Mtwo instruments (VDW, Munich, Germany) up to sizes 25/.06, 40/.04 or 40/.06 (n = 20), and specimens were distributed into 2 final irrigation groups (n = 10): SWEEPS and CI. Roots were scanned at a resolution of 10.5 µm before and after preparation and final irrigation. Data sets were co-registered, and the percentage reduction of AHTD calculated for each specimen was statistically compared using analysis of variance with a of 5% significance level. RESULTS The preparation size did not significantly influence the percentage reduction of AHTD (p < 0.05), whereas the final irrigation technique had a significant effect on debris removal (p < 0.05). A significant reduction of AHTD was achieved after final irrigation in all groups (p < 0.05); however, SWEEPS was associated with a significantly greater percentage reduction of debris than CI (p < 0.05). None of the specimens presented a completely clean isthmus. CONCLUSIONS Removal of AHTD was not significantly affected by the preparation size. SWEEPS was associated with significantly less debris than CI. CLINICAL RELEVANCE SWEEPS performed significantly better than CI regarding the removal of AHTD from isthmus-containing mandibular molars irrespective of the preparation size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina Rödig
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Periodontology and Cariology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, 37075, Göttingen, Germany.
| | - Valerie Westbomke
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Periodontology and Cariology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Franziska Haupt
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Periodontology and Cariology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Marc Münster
- Endopur, Clinic for Endodontology, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Steffi Baxter
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Periodontology and Cariology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
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12
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Grande NM, Castagnola R, Minciacchi I, Marigo L, Plotino G. A review of the latest developments in rotary NiTi technology and root canal preparation. Aust Dent J 2023; 68 Suppl 1:S24-S38. [PMID: 37960998 DOI: 10.1111/adj.12998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
The introduction of nickel-titanium (NiTi) mechanical instruments dramatically changed clinical endodontics over the last few decades. Before NiTi, it was necessary to use more instruments to create an ideal root canal shape, and many approaches, sequences and techniques were developed over the years. Recently, NiTi endodontic instruments have undergone a series of changes brought about by modifications in design, surface treatments, and thermal treatments to improve their root canal preparation outcomes and reduce associated canal preparation risks during root canal treatment. Heat treatment is one of the most fundamental approaches to improving the fatigue resistance and flexibility of NiTi endodontic instruments. In addition, new kinematics have been developed to offer greater safety and efficiency. This narrative review describes the general properties and manufacturing of NiTi instruments, and the mechanical system evolution of NiTi instruments.
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Affiliation(s)
- N M Grande
- Dipartimento di Testa-Collo e organi di senso, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - R Castagnola
- Dipartimento di Testa-Collo e organi di senso, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | | | - L Marigo
- Dipartimento di Testa-Collo e organi di senso, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
- UOC Odontoiatria Generale e Ortodonzia, Dipartimento Scienze dell'Invecchiamento, Neurologiche, Ortopediche e della Testa-Collo. Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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13
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Martins JNR, Pinto R, Silva EJNL, Simões-Carvalho M, Marques D, Martins RF, Versiani MA. 3D Surface Scanning-A Novel Protocol to Characterize Virtual Nickel-Titanium Endodontic Instruments. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:3636. [PMID: 37241263 PMCID: PMC10222178 DOI: 10.3390/ma16103636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The nickel-titanium (NiTi) instruments' geometry plays an important role in their performance and behavior. The present assessment intends to validate and test the applicability of a 3D surface scanning method using a high-resolution laboratory-based optical scanner to create reliable virtual models of NiTi instruments. Sixteen instruments were scanned using a 12-megapixel optical 3D scanner, and methodological validation was performed by comparing quantitative and qualitative measurements of specific dimensions and identifying some geometric features of the 3D models with images obtained through scanning electron microscopy. Additionally, the reproducibility of the method was assessed by calculating 2D and 3D parameters of three different instruments twice. The quality of the 3D models created by two different optical scanners and a micro-CT device was compared. The 3D surface scanning method using the high-resolution laboratory-based optical scanner allowed for the creation of reliable and precise virtual models of different NiTi instruments with discrepancies varying from 0.0002 to 0.0182 mm. The reproducibility of measurements performed with this method was high, and the acquired virtual models were adequate for use in in silico experiments, as well as for commercial or educational purposes. The quality of the 3D model obtained using the high-resolution optical scanner was superior to that acquired by micro-CT technology. The ability to superimpose virtual models of scanned instruments and apply them in Finite Element Analysis and educational purposes was also demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge N. R. Martins
- Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade de Lisboa, 1600-277 Lisboa, Portugal
- Grupo de Investigação em Bioquimica e Biologia Oral, Unidade de Investigação em Ciências Orais e Biomédicas (UICOB), 1600-277 Lisboa, Portugal
- Centro de Estudo de Medicina Dentária Baseada na Evidência (CEMDBE), 1600-277 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ricardo Pinto
- Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade de Lisboa, 1600-277 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Emmanuel J. N. L. Silva
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Grande Rio University (UNIGRANRIO), Rio de Janeiro 21210-623, Brazil
- Department of Endodontics, Fluminense Federal University, Niterio, Rio de Janeiro 24220-900, Brazil
| | - Marco Simões-Carvalho
- Department of Endodontics, Fluminense Federal University, Niterio, Rio de Janeiro 24220-900, Brazil
| | - Duarte Marques
- Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade de Lisboa, 1600-277 Lisboa, Portugal
- Grupo de Investigação em Bioquimica e Biologia Oral, Unidade de Investigação em Ciências Orais e Biomédicas (UICOB), 1600-277 Lisboa, Portugal
- Centro de Estudo de Medicina Dentária Baseada na Evidência (CEMDBE), 1600-277 Lisboa, Portugal
- LIBPhys-FCT UID/FIS/04559/2013, 1600-277 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Rui F. Martins
- UNIDEMI, Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Marco A. Versiani
- Dental Specialty Center, Brazilian Military Police, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 30350-190, Brazil
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14
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Schachter D, Blumer S, Sarsur S, Peretz B, Sella Tunis T, Fadela S, Kharouba J, Elbahary S. Exploring a Paradigm Shift in Primary Teeth Root Canal Preparation: An Ex Vivo Micro-CT Study. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:children10050792. [PMID: 37238340 DOI: 10.3390/children10050792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Traditional hand instrumentation is a commonly used technique to perform pulpectomy in deciduous teeth by most specialists in pedodontics. Lately, dentists have embraced rotary instrumentation as a safe and effective alternative. This study aimed to compare the efficacy of root canal preparation in extracted primary molars between manual and two rotary file systems using micro-CT. Thirty-six extracted human second primary mandibular molars were divided into three groups according to the instrumentation method: (1) Manually instrumented (MI) group (n = 9) in which the teeth were treated using K-files up to size 30; (2) Kedo-Ssystem (KS) group (n = 9); (3) ProTaper Gold system (PTG) group (n = 10) and control group (n-8). Each tooth was scanned before and after the retrograde root canal preparation. Residual dentin volume was calculated using micro-CT scans to evaluate the technique's efficacy. Additionally, the preparation time and procedural errors were recorded for each tooth preparation. A one-way ANOVA test was carried out to compare the groups' dentin volume and preparation time. The mean preparation time using the manual method (13.14 min) was more than two times longer than that of the rotary techniques (4.62 min and 6.45 min). The manual preparation method using a K-file removed almost half the root canal material when compared with the rotor method (p = 0.025). Conclusion: our results suggest that rotary instrumentation is more efficient for root canal preparation in primary teeth than the traditional manual method. This finding may call for a paradigm shift in current clinical practices, where manual instrumentation is still commonly preferred.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dora Schachter
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, The Maurice and Gabriela Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Sigalit Blumer
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, The Maurice and Gabriela Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Sara Sarsur
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, The Maurice and Gabriela Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Benjamin Peretz
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, The Maurice and Gabriela Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Tatiana Sella Tunis
- Department of Orthodontics, The Maurice and Gabriela Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Shada Fadela
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, The Maurice and Gabriela Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Johnny Kharouba
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, The Maurice and Gabriela Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Shlomo Elbahary
- Department of Endodontology, The Maurice and Gabriela Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
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15
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Silva EJNL, Martins JNR, Ajuz NC, Dos Santos Antunes H, Vieira VTL, Braz-Fernandes FM, Belladonna FG, Versiani MA. Design, metallurgy, mechanical properties, and shaping ability of 3 heat-treated reciprocating systems: a multimethod investigation. Clin Oral Investig 2023; 27:2427-2436. [PMID: 36749411 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-023-04899-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to compare 3 reciprocating systems regarding design, metallurgy, mechanical properties, and shaping ability. MATERIALS AND METHODS New Reciproc Blue R25, WaveOne Gold Primary, and REX 25 instruments (n=41 per group) were analyzed regarding design, metallurgy, and mechanical performance, while shaping ability (untouched canal walls, volume of removed dentin, and hard tissue debris) was tested in 36 anatomically matched root canals of mandibular molars. Results were compared using one-way ANOVA post hoc Tukey and Kruskal-Wallis tests with a significant level set at 5%. RESULTS All instruments showed symmetrical cross sections with asymmetrical blades, no radial lands, no major defects, and an almost equiatomic nickel and titanium ratio. The highest R-phase start temperatures were observed with WaveOne Gold (46.1°C) and REX (44.8°C), while Reciproc Blue had the lowest R-phase start (34.5°C) and finish (20°C) temperatures. WaveOne Gold had the lowest time to fracture (169 s) and the highest maximum load (301.6 gf) (P <0.05). The maximum torque of Reciproc Blue (2.2 N.cm) and WaveOne Gold (2.1 N.cm) were similar (P >0.05), but lower than REX (2.6 N.cm) (P <0.05). No statistical differences were observed among instruments in the angle of rotation (P >0.05) and in the shaping ability in both mesial and distal canals (P >0.05). CONCLUSION Although the overall design, temperature transition phases and mechanical behavior parameters were different among tested instruments, they were similar in terms of shaping ability. CLINICAL RELEVANCE All tested heat-treated NiTi reciprocating systems showed similar shaping ability, without clinically significant errors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel J N L Silva
- Department of Endodontics, Grande Rio University (UNIGRANRIO), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. .,Departament of Endodontics, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niterói, RJ, Brazil. .,Department of Endodontics, Rio de Janeiro State University (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Jorge N R Martins
- Department of Endodontics, Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.,Unidade de Investigação em Ciências Orais e Biomédicas (UICOB), Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.,Centro de Estudo de Medicina Dentária Baseada na Evidência (CEMDBE), Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Natasha C Ajuz
- Department of Endodontics, Grande Rio University (UNIGRANRIO), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | | | | | - Francisco Manuel Braz-Fernandes
- CENIMAT/I3N, Department of Materials Science, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal
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16
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Omori S, Ebihara A, Hirano K, Kasuga Y, Unno H, Nakatsukasa T, Kimura S, Maki K, Hanawa T, Okiji T. Effect of Rotational Modes on Torque/Force Generation and Canal Centering Ability during Rotary Root Canal Instrumentation with Differently Heat-Treated Nickel-Titanium Instruments. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:6850. [PMID: 36234189 PMCID: PMC9571549 DOI: 10.3390/ma15196850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate how various rotational modes influence the torque/force production and shaping ability of ProTaper Universal (PTU; non-heat-treated) and ProTaper Gold (PTG; heat-treated) nickel−titanium instruments. J-shaped resin canals were instrumented with PTU or PTG using an automated instrumentation device operated with reciprocating rotation [150° clockwise and 30° counterclockwise (R150/30) or 240° clockwise and 120° counterclockwise (R240/120)], optimum torque reverse motion (OTR), or continuous rotation (CR) (n = 10 each). Maximum force and torque were recorded, and canal centering ratios were calculated. Statistical analysis was performed with two-way ANOVA and a Bonferroni test (α = 0.05). The results were considered with reference to previous studies on the microstructure of the instruments. The upward force generated by R240/120 and OTR was smaller than that generated by R150/30 and CR in PTG (p < 0.05). The clockwise torque produced by OTR was lower than that produced by R150/30 in PTU and R240/120 and CR in PTG (p < 0.05). R240/120 and OTR induced less canal deviation compared to CR in PTU at 0 mm from the apex (p < 0.05). In conclusion, R240/120 and OTR reduced the screw-in force in PTG and improved the canal centering ability in PTU, which may be associated with the heat treatment-induced microstructural difference of the two instruments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Omori
- Department of Pulp Biology and Endodontics, Division of Oral Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan
| | - Arata Ebihara
- Department of Pulp Biology and Endodontics, Division of Oral Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan
| | - Keiko Hirano
- Department of Pulp Biology and Endodontics, Division of Oral Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan
| | - Yuka Kasuga
- Department of Pulp Biology and Endodontics, Division of Oral Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan
| | - Hayate Unno
- Department of Pulp Biology and Endodontics, Division of Oral Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan
| | - Taro Nakatsukasa
- Department of Pulp Biology and Endodontics, Division of Oral Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Kimura
- Department of Pulp Biology and Endodontics, Division of Oral Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan
| | - Keiichiro Maki
- Department of Pulp Biology and Endodontics, Division of Oral Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan
| | - Takao Hanawa
- Department of Metallic Biomaterials, Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan
| | - Takashi Okiji
- Department of Pulp Biology and Endodontics, Division of Oral Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan
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A Comparative Study of Two Martensitic Alloy Systems in Endodontic Files Carried out by Unskilled Hands. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12126289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare the behavior of two heat-treated file systems on resin blocks in unskilled hands. For this purpose, an in vitro, randomized, cross-sectional study was conducted to compare ProTaper Gold (PTG) with BlueShaper (BS) files. A total of 81 resin blocks were used and analyzed photographically to assess the amount of material removed during instrumentation. PTG removed more material on the outside of the curve in the coronal and apical third, while BS removed more material on the inner part of the curve in the middle third. The procedural errors observed in the total sample were apical transportation (33.8%), blockages (4.9%), ledges (3.7%), and canal perforation. PTG produced more apical transportation, and there were no statistically significant differences between the groups in the formation of ledges, canal perforations, or blockages. No file fractures were recorded during the study. Within the limitations of this study, we can affirm that neither file excessively deformed the artificial canals, and the PTG file produced more apical transportation.
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18
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Incidence of fracture of ProDesign Logic system instruments: A cross-sectional retrospective study. Sci Rep 2022; 12:7897. [PMID: 35551478 PMCID: PMC9098633 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-11605-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to analyze the incidence of fracture of ProDesign Logic system instruments in endodontic treatments performed by a specialist, in addition to identifying the dental group, arch, and the root canal thirds in which the fractures occurred more frequently. Digital radiographs and medical records were initially analyzed and resulted in the selection of 561 teeth (1302 canals) treated between 2018 and 2020, using the ProDesign Logic system instruments. These data were reassessed to determine the occurrence of fractures and identify the dental group and root canal thirds in which they occurred. Then, the data were statistically analyzed using the Fisher's Exact Test (p < 0.05). The general fracture rates were 8.5 and 3.69%, considering the number of teeth and canals treated, respectively. Mandibular first molars were the teeth most associated with the occurrence of fractures (19.1%). When the arches were compared, there was no statistical difference regarding the number of fractures in the different root canal thirds (p = 0.307). However, they were more frequent in the apical third in both arches (p = 0.000). The incidence of fracture of ProDesign Logic system instruments was relatively high and occurred more frequently in the apical third of molars.
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Quantitative Evaluation of Apically Extruded Debris of Root Canal Dentin Layer with WaveOne, ProTaper Next, ProTaper Gold Rotary File Systems. COATINGS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/coatings12040451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Endodontic flare-up or post-operative pain occurs when debris such as necrotic pulp tissue, dentin chips, irrigants, and microorganisms are extruded from the apical foramen intraoperatively into the periradicular tissue during root canal instrumentation. This study compared the amount of apical debris extrusion of the root canal dentin layer after using reciprocating and rotary file systems (WaveOne, ProTaper Next and ProTaper Gold). Sixty extracted human maxillary central incisors with one canal and closed apex were included in the study. Samples were randomly and equally divided into three groups (n = 20) according to the file systems used for preparation of the root canal. Teeth in the WO group were instrumented by WaveOne, while the PTN group were instrumented by ProTaper Next, and teeth samples in the PTG group were cleaned and shaped by ProTaper Gold. The mean apically extruded debris weight in grams was estimated using the modified Myers and Montgomery experimental model. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) test was used for the comparison of debris weight in three groups. Post hoc LSD test was applied for pairwise comparison of debris weight. The α value of significance was 0.05. The WO group had significantly lower mean debris weight than the PTN and PTG groups (p = 0.001). Post hoc pairwise comparison revealed that there was a statistically significant difference in mean debris weight between the WO group and PTN group (0.0215 vs. 0.0341, p = 0.001); and the WO group and PTG group (0.0215 vs. 0.0324, p = 0.003). Root canal preparations with different file systems were associated with apical extrusion of the debris from the root canal dentin layer. However, the WaveOne system resulted in a comparatively lower amount of apical debris layer extrusion than the ProTaper Next and ProTaper Gold rotary file systems.
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Silva EJNL, de Lima CO, Barbosa AFA, Lopes RT, Sassone LM, Versiani MA. The impact of TruNatomy and ProTaper Gold instruments on the preservation of the periradicular dentin and on the enlargement of the apical canal of mandibular molars. J Endod 2022; 48:650-658. [PMID: 35181453 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2022.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study aimed to evaluate the preservation of the periradicular dentin and the enlargement of the apical canal of mandibular molars with TruNatomy and ProTaper Gold instruments. METHODS Twenty mandibular molars were scanned in a micro-CT device, anatomically paired, and distributed into 2 groups (n=10). In the ProTaper Gold group, mesial and distal canals were prepared up to F2 (25/.08v) and F3 (30/.09v) instruments, while in the TruNatomy group, mesial and distal canals were enlarged until Prime (26/.04v) and Medium (36/.03v) instruments, respectively. After a new scan, surface area, volume, unprepared areas, transportation, percentage of dentin removal, and dentin thickness parameters were calculated. Data were compared between groups using Mann-Whitney, Student t-test, and the non-metric multidimensional scaling test with alpha set at 5%. RESULTS No difference was found between groups regarding unprepared canal areas and reduction of dentin thickness (P > 0.05). Transportation was lower than 0.1 mm in all groups and statistical differences were observed only at the apical third of the mesiobuccal canal with lower values in the TruNatomy group. ProTaper Gold removed more dentin than TruNatomy at the coronal level of mesial roots (1.8% and 1.0%, respectively) (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS TruNatomy and ProTaper Gold were efficient for performing canal preparation in mandibular molars. The tested systems were similar in terms of untouched canal walls and remaining dentin thickness, and slightly different in the apical transportation of mesial canals and percentage of dentin removal at the coronal third, but without clinically significant errors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel J N L Silva
- Departament of Endodontics, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | | | | | - Ricardo Tadeu Lopes
- Nuclear Engineering Program, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Luciana Moura Sassone
- Departament of Endodontics, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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Silva EJNL, De-Deus G, Souza EM, Belladonna FG, Cavalcante DM, Simões-Carvalho M, Versiani MA. Present status and future directions - Minimal endodontic access cavities. Int Endod J 2022; 55 Suppl 3:531-587. [PMID: 35100441 DOI: 10.1111/iej.13696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In the last decades, the move of Medicine towards minimally invasive treatments is notorious and scientifically grounded. As Dentistry naturally follows its footsteps, minimal access preparation also became a trend topic in the endodontic field. This procedure aims to maximize preservation of dentine tissue, backed up by the idea that this is an effective way to reduce the incidence of post-treatment tooth fracture. However, with the assessment of the body of evidence on this topic, it is possible to observe some key-points (a) the demand for nomenclature standardization, (b) the requirement of specific tools such as ultra-flexible instruments, visual magnification, superior illumination, and three-dimensional imaging technology, (c) minimally invasive treatment does not seem to affect orifice location and mechanical preparation when using adequate armamentarium, but it (d) may impair adequate canal cleaning, disinfection, and filling procedures, and also (e) it displays contradictory results regarding the ability to increase the tooth strengthen compared to the traditional access cavity. In spite of that, it is undeniable that methodological flaws of some benchtop studies using extracted teeth may be responsible for the conflicting data, thus triggering the need for more sophisticated devices/facilities and specifically designed research in an attempt to make it clear the role of the access size/design on long-term teeth survival. Moreover, it is inevitable that a clinical approach like minimal endodontic access cavities that demands complex tools and skilled and experienced operators bring to the fore doubts on its educational impact mainly when confronted with the conflicting scientific output, ultimately provoking a cost-benefit analysis of its implementation as a routine technique. In addition, this review discusses the ongoing scientific and clinical status of minimally invasive access cavities aiming to input an in-depth and unbiased view over the rationale behind them, uncovering not only the related conceptual and scientific flaws, but also outlining future directions for research and clinical practices. The conclusions attempt to skip from passionate disputes highlighting the current body of evidence as weak and incomplete to guide decision making, demanding the development of a close-to-in-situ laboratory model or a large and well-controlled clinical trial to solve this matter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel João Nogueira Leal Silva
- Department of Endodontics, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Grande Rio University (UNIGRANRIO), Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Gustavo De-Deus
- Department of Endodontics, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Erick Miranda Souza
- Department of Dentistry II, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Maranhão
| | | | | | - Marco Simões-Carvalho
- Department of Endodontics, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Ronquete V, Martin ASD, Zuim K, Coutinho TMDC, Marceliano EFV, Goulart PADSR, Lopes RT, Silveira Bueno CED, Marceliano-Alves MFV. Microtomographic Evaluation of Canal Centralization and Dentine Removal after Canal Preparation with Two Rotary Systems: HyFlex EDM and ProTaper Next. Eur J Dent 2022; 16:663-668. [PMID: 35016238 PMCID: PMC9507560 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1739440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study compared the ProTaper Next (PTN; Dentsply Sirona, Tulsa, Oklahoma, United States) and HyFlex EDM (HEDM; Coltene/Whaledent AG, Alstätten, Switzerland) systems using micro-computed tomography (CT). MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty-one mesial roots classified as Vertucci's type IV from extracted mandibular first molars with curvatures between 20 and 40 degrees were selected. The teeth were scanned using a micro-CT before and after root canal preparation by both systems, applied to the same root, in alternating canals. The following parameters were analyzed: canal centering, apical transportation, root canal diameter/root diameter. RESULTS No statistically significant differences between both systems were observed for any of the assessed morphological parameters (p > 0.05). All canals presented diameter enlargement of more than 40% in relation to root diameter in the cervical and middle segments. No statistically significant difference was noted between the HEDM and PTN groups. The wear percentage for the HEDM group in the cervical and middle thirds were 49.66 ± 8.65 and 46.48 ± 14.29, respectively, and 51.02 ± 11.81 and 45.48 ± 10.79 for the PTN group, respectively. CONCLUSION Both systems displayed similar mandibular molar mesial canals preparation, with no differences noted for any of the assessed parameters. Both groups showed increased canal diameter in the cervical and middle thirds by more than 40%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivian Ronquete
- Department of Endodontics and Dental Research, Iguaçu University, Nova Iguaçu, Brazil
| | | | - Karin Zuim
- Department of Endodontics, São Leopoldo Mandic University, Campinas, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Ricardo Tadeu Lopes
- Laboratory for Nuclear Instrumentation, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Abstract
A very extensive literature review presents the possibilities and needs of using, in endodontics, the alloys commonly known as nitinol. Nitinol, as the most modern group of engineering materials used to develop root canals, is equilibrium nickel and titanium alloys in terms of the elements’ atomic concentration, or very similar. The main audience of this paper is engineers, tool designers and manufacturers, PhD students, and students of materials and manufacturing engineering but this article can also certainly be used by dentists. The paper aims to present a full material science characterization of the structure and properties of nitinol alloys and to discuss all structural phenomena that determine the performance properties of these alloys, including those applied to manufacture the endodontic tools. The paper presents the selection of these alloys’ chemical composition and processing conditions and their importance in the endodontic treatment of teeth. The results of laboratory studies on the analysis of changes during the sterilization of endodontic instruments made of nitinol alloys are also included. The summary of all the literature analyses is an SWOT analysis of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats, and is a forecast of the development strategy of this material in a specific application such as endodontics.
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Makade C, Mundhada N, Shenoi P. Comparative evaluation of bending property and torsional resistance of three nickel–titanium files: A finite element analysis. ENDODONTOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.4103/endo.endo_227_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Majumdar T, Chowdhury M, Mukherjee S, Mazumdar P. Cone-beam computed tomography assessment of root canal transportation and evaluation of canal centering using Protaper Gold, XP Endoshaper, and Edgefile X7. ENDODONTOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.4103/endo.endo_146_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Özyürek T, Keskin N, Aydın Z. A micro-computed tomographic assessment of oval-shaped root canals obturated with bioceramic sealer using different obturation techniques. BALKAN JOURNAL OF DENTAL MEDICINE 2022. [DOI: 10.5937/bjdm2202100q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/Aim: To evaluate void volumes in oval-shaped root canals obturated with three different obturation systems using microcomputed tomography (micro-CT). Material and Methods: Twenty-four distal roots of mandibular molar teeth canals were prepared and randomly divided into three groups (n = 8 in each group). The canals were obturated using single cone (SC), GuttaCore (GC), and warm vertical compaction (WVC) techniques. Each specimen was scanned using a micro-CT device. The volumes of the voids were calculated, and the data were statistically analyzed using a one-way analysis of variance and post hoc Tukey's (P < .05). Results: The void volumes in the WVC group were significantly lower than those in the other groups (P < .05). When different root canal parts were examined, the void volumes increased significantly from the apical to the coronal level in the GC and SC groups (P < .05). In the WVC group, most voids were observed in the middle part (P < .05), whereas there was no significant difference in void volumes in the coronal and apical parts (P > .05). Conclusions: None of the systems provided void-free root filling. However, the void volume using the WVC system was significantly lower than that observed using the other systems.
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Vatankhah M, Khosravi K, Zargar N, Shirvani A, Nekoofar MH, Dianat O. Antibacterial efficacy of antibiotic pastes versus calcium hydroxide intracanal dressing: A systematic review and meta-analysis of ex vivo studies. J Conserv Dent 2022; 25:463-480. [PMID: 36506621 PMCID: PMC9733540 DOI: 10.4103/jcd.jcd_183_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Revised: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Conflicting findings on the potency of antibiotic pastes versus calcium hydroxide (CH) have been evident in the literature. Aims To compare the antibacterial efficacy of single antibiotic paste (SAP), double antibiotic paste (DAP), triple antibiotic paste (TAP), and modified TAP (mTAP) with CH on bacterial biofilms. Methods PubMed, Scopus, and Embase were comprehensively searched until August 23, 2021. The study protocol was registered in the PROSPERO. Ex vivo studies performed on Enterococcus faecalis or polymicrobial biofilms incubated on human/bovine dentin were selected. The quality of the studies was assessed using a customized quality assessment tool. Standardized mean difference (SMD) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated for the meta-analysis. Meta-regression models were used to identify the sources of heterogeneity and to compare the efficacy of pastes. Results The qualitative and quantitative synthesis included 40 and 23 papers, respectively, out of 1421 search results. TAP (SMD = -3.82; CI, -5.44 to -2.21; P < 0.001) and SAPs (SMD = -2.38; CI, -2.81 to - 1.94; P < 0.001) had significantly higher antibacterial efficacy compared to the CH on E. faecalis biofilm. However, no significant difference was found between the efficacy of DAP (SMD = -2.74; CI, -5.56-0.07; P = 0.06) or mTAP (SMD = -0.28; CI, -0.82-0.26; P = 0.31) and CH. Meta-regression model on E. faecalis showed that SAPs have similar efficacy compared to TAP and significantly better efficacy than DAP. On dual-species (SMD = 0.15; CI, -1.00-1.29; P = 0.80) or multi-species (SMD = 0.23; CI, -0.08-0.55; P = 0.15) biofilms, DAP and CH had similar efficacy. Conclusions Ex vivo evidence showed that antibiotic pastes were either superior or equal to CH. The studied SAPs had considerably higher or similar antibacterial effectiveness compared to DAP, CH, and TAP. Hence, combined antibiotic therapy was not necessarily required for root canal disinfection ex vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammadreza Vatankhah
- Iranian Center for Endodontic Research, Research Institute of Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kamyar Khosravi
- Iranian Center for Endodontic Research, Research Institute of Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nazanin Zargar
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Armin Shirvani
- Iranian Center for Endodontic Research, Research Institute of Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Omid Dianat
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, School of Dentistry, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland, USA,Address for correspondence: Dr. Omid Dianat, Division of Endodontics, Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, School of Dentistry, University of Maryland, Baltimore, 650 West Baltimore Street, 4th Floor, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA. E-mail:
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Influence of Commonly Used Endodontic Irrigants on the Setting Time and Metal Composition of Various Base Endodontic Sealers. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 14:polym14010027. [PMID: 35012047 PMCID: PMC8747268 DOI: 10.3390/polym14010027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to evaluate if commonly used endodontic irrigants such as 3% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl, Prime Dental, Thane, India), 2% chlorhexidine (CHX, Sigma-Aldrich Co., St. Louis, MO, USA), and 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA, Meta-Biomed Co. Ltd., Cheongju-si, South Korea) influenced the setting time and metal composition of different base endodontic sealers on exposure. AH Plus (Dentsply De Trey GmbH, Konstanz, Germany), Sealapex (SybronEndo, Orange, CA, USA), mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) Fillapex (Angelus Soluções Odontológicas, Londrina, Brazil), and Tubli-Seal (Kerr Dental, Orange, CA, USA) were selected as the different base representatives of endodontic sealers. These sealers were exposed to 3% NaOCl, 2% CHX, and 17% EDTA, and the individual setting time of the sealers was analyzed. The samples were analyzed for heavy metal elements such as chromium (Cr), nickel (Ni), cobalt (Co), cadmium (Cd), arsenic (As), mercury (Hg), lead (Pb), and beryllium (Be) by using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) analysis. For statistical analysis, one-way ANOVA and post hoc Tukey’s tests were used. All selected sealers showed variation in setting time post-exposure to different irrigants. MTA Fillapex had the shortest mean setting time (215.7 min, post-exposure at 187.3 min) (p < 0.05). Mean setting time was also affected for AH Plus (479.6 min, post-exposure at 423.9 min) (p < 0.05) and Tubli-Seal (514.7 min, post-exposure at 465.2 min) (p < 0.05). Sealapex showed the maximum reduction of setting time (864.8 min, post-exposure at 673.4 min) (p < 0.05). All tested sealers showed heavy metals (Cr, Ni, Co, Cd, As, Hg, and Pb) in their composition, and the quantities were influenced by interaction with different irrigants. The heavy metal Be was not seen in any of the samples. Sealapex showed the longest setting time in comparison to other test sealers. Heavy metals were most present in Sealapex, followed by AH Plus, Tubli-Seal, and MTA Fillapex. MTA Fillapex was seen to have the shortest setting time, and heavy metal composition was least affected on interaction with different commonly used endodontic irrigants. Further, this study provides significant insight into the influence of different endodontic irrigants on interaction with different base endodontic sealers, which has not been reported previously, and future studies should emphasize endodontic irrigant-sealer interactions and their possible effects in the long run.
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Tavares KIMC, Pinto JC, Santos-Junior AO, Esteves Torres FF, Guerreiro-Tanomaru JM, Tanomaru-Filho M. Combination of a new ultrasonic tip with rotary systems for the preparation of flattened root canals. Restor Dent Endod 2021; 46:e56. [PMID: 34909420 PMCID: PMC8636074 DOI: 10.5395/rde.2021.46.e56] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2020] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study evaluated 2 nickel-titanium rotary systems and a complementary protocol with an ultrasonic tip and a small-diameter instrument in flattened root canals. Materials and Methods Thirty-two human maxillary second premolars with flattened canals (buccolingual diameter ≥4 times larger than the mesiodistal diameter) at 9 mm from the radiographic apex were selected. The root canals were prepared by ProDesign Logic (PDL) 30/0.01 and 30/0.05 or Hyflex EDM (HEDM) 10/0.05 and 25/0.08 (n = 16), followed by application of the Flatsonic ultrasonic tip in the cervical and middle thirds and a PDL 25/0.03 file in the apical third (FPDL). The teeth were scanned using micro-computed tomography before and after the procedures. The percentage of volume increase, debris, and uninstrumented surface area were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis, Dunn, Wilcoxon, analysis of variance/Tukey, and paired and unpaired t-tests (α = 0.05). Results No significant difference was found in the volume increase and uninstrumented surface area between PDL and HEDM (p > 0.05). PDL had a higher percentage of debris than HEDM in the middle and apical thirds (p < 0.05). The FPDL protocol resulted in less debris and uninstrumented surface area for PDL and HEDM (p < 0.05). This protocol, with HEDM, reduced debris in the middle and apical thirds and uninstrumented surface area in the apical third (p < 0.05). Conclusions High percentages of debris and uninstrumented surface area were observed after preparation of flattened root canals. The HEDM, Flatsonic tip, and 25/0.03 instrument protocol enhanced cleaning in flattened root canals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jáder Camilo Pinto
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Airton Oliveira Santos-Junior
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Mario Tanomaru-Filho
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
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The Influence of Root Canal Preparation with ProTaper Next, WaveOne Gold, and Twisted Files on Dentine Crack Formation. MACHINES 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/machines9120332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
(1) Background: Root canal preparation constitutes an important factor for success in endodontics. However, various complications may occur during this stage. The aim of this study was to compare the incidence of cracks within radicular dentin after instrumentation with ProTaper Next (PTN), WaveOne Gold (WOG), and Twisted Files (TF), which utilize different kinematics. (2) Methods: Eighty single-rooted teeth were classified into four groups (n = 20). Three groups were instrumented using PTN (X1, X2), WOG (Primary), and TF (SM1–3). The non-instrumented group constituted the control group. Post-preparation, the roots were sectioned 3, 6, and 9 mm from the apex using a low-speed saw (Southbay Technology Inc., San Clemente, CA, USA). The specimens were viewed through a microscope at x25 magnification (Leica M320, Wetzlar, Germany), and their surface was assessed tactilely to determine the presence of the crack. (3) Results: Partial cracks within radicular dentine were observed in all study groups (PTN: n = 4/20%, WOG: n = 3/15%, TF: n = 4/20%); no cracks were observed in the control group. No significant differences were observed among experimental groups. OR values for the incidence of cracks were: OR = 11.182 for PTN, OR = 8.2 for WOG, and OR = 8.2 for TF. (4) Conclusions: Instrumentation with PTN, WOG, and TF may result in dentinal cracks formation.
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Kim H, Jeon SJ, Seo MS. Comparison of the canal transportation of ProTaper GOLD, WaveOne GOLD, and TruNatomy in simulated double-curved canals. BMC Oral Health 2021; 21:533. [PMID: 34656099 PMCID: PMC8520641 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-021-01854-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In root canal preparations, it is important to maintain the original canal shape. However, it is difficult to accomplish this, especially due to the complex canal anatomy. This study aimed to compare the shaping ability of the ProTaper GOLD, WaveOne GOLD, and newly developed TruNatomy in simulated S-shaped canals. Methods The root canals of 60 S-shaped resin blocks were dyed using ink and photographed. The blocks were then randomly divided into three groups: group ProTaper GOLD (n = 20), WaveOne GOLD (n = 20), and TruNatomy (n = 20). The simulated canals were instrumented according to the NiTi file system and photographed again after being dyed with red ink. The pre- and post-preparation images were superimposed, and the amount of resin removed from both the mesial and distal sides of the canal measured up to 9 mm from the apical terminus, with a 1 mm increment. The preparation time was also calculated. A paired t-test was used to determine the degree of deviation at different levels within the groups. To compare the degree of transportation at different levels between the groups, one-way ANOVA and Kruskal–Wallis tests were performed according to the normality. Results TruNatomy showed a significant deviation between the mesial and distal sides of the canal only in the coronal area at 6, 7, 8, and 9 mm levels of the canal (p < 0.05). When comparing the amount of transportation in the 3 groups at 9 different levels, TruNatomy showed significantly less canal transportation than the other groups at the 3-and 5-mm levels of the canal (p < 0.05), while ProTaper GOLD showed the largest amount of transportation in the apical curved area at the 2 and 3 mm levels (p < 0.05). TruNatomy removed less resin than other groups in all sections (p < 0.05), while ProTaper GOLD removed slightly more resin than WaveOne GOLD; however, there was no significant difference (p = 0.043). Shaping time was the least for TruNatomy, followed by the WaveOne GOLD and ProTaper GOLD (p < 0.05). Conclusions TruNatomy maintained the original apical canal curvature in S-shaped curved canals better than ProTaper GOLD and WaveOne GOLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- HyeWon Kim
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Wonkang University Daejeon Dental Hospital, 77 Dunsan-Ro, Seo-Gu, Daejeon, 302-120, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Jin Jeon
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Wonkang University Daejeon Dental Hospital, 77 Dunsan-Ro, Seo-Gu, Daejeon, 302-120, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Seock Seo
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Wonkang University Daejeon Dental Hospital, 77 Dunsan-Ro, Seo-Gu, Daejeon, 302-120, Republic of Korea.
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Wang D, Wang W, Li YJ, Wang YR, Hong T, Bai SZ, Tian Y. The effects of endodontic access cavity design on dentine removal and effectiveness of canal instrumentation in maxillary molars. Int Endod J 2021; 54:2290-2299. [PMID: 34459005 DOI: 10.1111/iej.13621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate in a laboratory setting, the impact of three designs of endodontic access cavities on dentine removal and effectiveness of canal instrumentation in extracted maxillary first molars using micro-computed tomography (micro-CT). METHODOLOGY A total of 30 extracted intact maxillary first molars were selected and scanned by micro-CT with a voxel size of 24 µm and randomly distributed into three groups: the traditional endodontic cavity (TEC) group, the conservative endodontic cavity (CEC) group and the guided endodontic cavity (GEC) group. The pulp chambers of teeth in the groups were accessed accordingly. After root canal preparation, the teeth were rescanned. The volume of dentine removed after canal preparation, the noninstrumented canal areas, canal transportation and centring ratio were analysed. Data were analysed statistically using one-way analysis of variance. Tukey's post hoc test was used for multiple comparisons. The significance level was set at p < .05. RESULTS The total volume of dentine removed was significantly greater in the TEC group after root canal preparation (p < .05). No significant differences in the volume of dentine removed occurred between the CEC and GEC groups (p > .05). The volume of dentine removed in the crown, pericervical dentine and coronal third of the canal was significantly lower in CEC and GEC groups when compared to that in the TEC group (p < .05), no difference was observed in the middle third of the canal and apical third of the canal amongst the three groups (p > .05). There was no significant difference in noninstrumented canal area, canal transportation and centring ratio amongst the TEC, CEC and GEC groups (p > .05). CONCLUSIONS In extracted maxillary molars tested in a laboratory setting, CEC and GEC preserved more tooth tissue in the crown, pericervical dentine and coronal third of the canal compared with TEC after root canal preparation. The design of the endodontic access cavity did not impact on the effectiveness of canal instrumentation in terms of noninstrumented canal area, canal transportation and centring ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Wang
- Department of Endodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University & State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Xi'an, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Endodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University & State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Xi'an, China
| | - Yu-Jiao Li
- Department of Endodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University & State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Xi'an, China
| | - Yi-Rong Wang
- Department of Endodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University & State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Xi'an, China
| | - Tao Hong
- Digital Dentistry Center, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University & State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Xi'an, China
| | - Shi-Zhu Bai
- Digital Dentistry Center, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University & State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Xi'an, China
| | - Yu Tian
- Department of Endodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University & State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Xi'an, China
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Evaluation of the Shaping Ability of Three Thermally Treated Nickel-Titanium Endodontic Instruments on Standardized 3D-printed Dental Replicas Using Cone-Beam Computed Tomography. MEDICINA-LITHUANIA 2021; 57:medicina57090901. [PMID: 34577824 PMCID: PMC8469020 DOI: 10.3390/medicina57090901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: The aim of the present study is to compare the efficacy of three root canal preparation systems in the shaping of 3D-printed root canal replicas of single rooted teeth. Materials and Methods: Sixty 3D-printed root canal replicas were produced and divided into three groups, each consisting of twenty samples. Each group was shaped with a different instrument: Reciproc Blue R25/08 (VDW GmbH, Munich, Gemany), WaveOne Gold Primary 25/07 (Dentsply Sirona, Ballaigues, Switzerland), and ProTaper Gold F2 25/08 (Denstply Sirona). To ensure the reproducibility of pre- and post-operative CBCT images of the root canals, the endodontic printed replicas were placed in a mould of silicon impression material. A cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) software was used to compare pre- and post-instrumentation images collected at three levels of the root canal length: 3, 6, and 9 mm from the apical foramen. The amount of transportation, centring ability, and curvature angle after shaping were evaluated for each system. The results were statistically analysed and compared using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results: Regarding the transportation of the root canal after shaping, significant differences between groups at 3 mm (p = 0.010721) and 6 mm (p = 0.000046) were recorded in the mesio-distal direction, while in the bucco-lingual significant differences were only observed at 6 mm (p = 0.000554). Reciproc Blue removed more dentin from the mesial and buccal wall of the root canal. When evaluating the centring ability of the three systems, significant differences were observed between the groups at the level of 9 mm (p = 0.037258) in the mesio-distal direction, and at the level of 6 mm (p = 0.038197) in the bucco-lingual direction. Significant differences of the canal curvature angle after shaping were also observed between groups (p = 0.000001). Reciproc Blue straightened the curvature the most, while ProTaper Gold the least. Conclusions: All systems produced minor root canal transportation. No instrument was able to achieve a perfect centring preparation of the root canal. All systems produced a small degree of root canal straightening.
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Zafar MS. Impact of Endodontic Instrumentation on Surface Roughness of Various Nickel-Titanium Rotary Files. Eur J Dent 2021; 15:273-280. [PMID: 33111285 PMCID: PMC8184277 DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1718469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of the present study was to evaluate the surface roughness (SR) of various nickel-titanium (NiTi) rotary endodontic instruments (ProTaper Next [PTN], WaveOne Gold [WOG], and ProTaper Gold [PTG]) before and after root canal instrumentation. MATERIALS AND METHODS For each type (PTN, WOG, and PTG), the endodontic instrumentation was performed using extracted mandibular molar teeth's curved mesial root canals (curvature: 20-40 degrees) after determining the working length. Each NiTi file was cleaned, and sterilized following preparation of four root canals and characterized for surface properties before and after endodontic instrumentation using a contact-mode three-dimensional surface profiler. The data were analyzed statistically using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences for SR parameters including average surface roughness value (Sa), root mean square roughness (Sq), and peak to valley height (Sz). RESULTS Preinstrumentation assessment revealed a significant difference for all the three SR variables (p < 0.05) for the cutting blade and the flute area. WOG instruments showed the highest SR values (p = 0.000). The postinstrumentation assessment revealed significant differences in SR values in the blade and the flute between the three groups (p < 0.05), with WOG and PTG exhibiting the highest values in the blade and flute sections, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The SR parameters of intact PTN, WOG, and PTG NiTi files vary and that was increased following the endodontic instrumentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Sohail Zafar
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Taibah University, Madinah Al-Munawarah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Dental Materials, Islamic International Dental College, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan
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Cerqueira NM, Louzada VG, Silva-Sousa YTC, Raucci-Neto W, Leoni GB. Effect of canal preparation with XP-endo Shaper and ProTaper Next on root canal geometry and dentin thickness of mandibular premolars with radicular grooves and two canals: a micro-CT study. Clin Oral Investig 2021; 25:5505-5512. [PMID: 33655437 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-021-03858-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to evaluate the effects of different shaping protocols on the root canal geometry and remaining dentin thickness of mandibular premolars with radicular grooves (RG) and two canals by means of micro-CT. MATERIALS AND METHODS Mandibular premolars with RG and two canals were matched based on their similar morphological dimensions and assigned to 2 experimental groups according to the canal preparation (n=8): XP-endo Shaper (XPS) and ProTaper Next (PTN) systems. Before and after preparation, morphometric measurements of the volume, surface area, structure model index, area, perimeter, roundness, major and minor diameters, as well as untouched canal walls, canal transportation, and dentin wall thickness were evaluated. Data were statistically compared within and between groups using the independent sample t test (α=5%). RESULTS XPS revealed less changes in volume, surface area, area, perimeter, and major and minor diameters (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in structure model index (SMI), roundness, and percentage of untouched canal walls between groups (P>0.05). XPS resulted in less apical canal transportation and a higher remaining dentin thickness toward the RG compared to PTN in lingual canals (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS XPS revealed fewer changes in root canal geometry as well as lower transportation and a greater remaining dentin thickness in the lingual canals toward the RG compared to PTN. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Internal and external anatomical characteristics of mandibular premolars might have an influence on biomechanical preparation. Considering the risk of perforation, the canal preparation using XPS appears to be more conservative compared to PTN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathália Mancioppi Cerqueira
- School of Dentistry, University of Ribeirão Preto, Avenida Costábile Romano 2201, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14096-900, Brazil
| | - Victoria Gabriela Louzada
- School of Dentistry, University of Ribeirão Preto, Avenida Costábile Romano 2201, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14096-900, Brazil
| | | | - Walter Raucci-Neto
- School of Dentistry, University of Ribeirão Preto, Avenida Costábile Romano 2201, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14096-900, Brazil
| | - Graziela Bianchi Leoni
- School of Dentistry, University of Ribeirão Preto, Avenida Costábile Romano 2201, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14096-900, Brazil.
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Pinto JC, Torres FFE, Santos-Junior AO, Duarte MAH, Guerreiro-Tanomaru JM, Tanomaru-Filho M. Safety and Effectiveness of Additional Apical Preparation using a Rotary Heat-treated Nickel-Titanium file with Larger Diameter and Minimum Taper in Retreatment of Curved Root Canals. Eur J Dent 2021; 15:247-252. [PMID: 33622011 PMCID: PMC8184271 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1723065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of additional apical preparation using the ProDesign Logic (PDL) 50/.01 rotary heat-treated nickel-titanium (NiTi) file with a larger diameter and minimal taper for retreatment of curved root canals. MATERIALS AND METHODS Mesial curved root canals of 12 mandibular molars were prepared using PDL 25/.06 and filled using the continuous wave of condensation technique and AH Plus sealer. After retreatment using ProDesign S (PDS) 25/.08, PDL 25/.06 and PDL 35/05, a complementary procedure was performed with PDL 50/.01. Microcomputed tomography (micro-CT) scanning was performed before and after retreatment procedures. The cyclic fatigue resistance of unused PDS 25/.08, PDL 25/.06, PDL 35/.05 and PDL 50/.01 instruments (n = 12) was evaluated in a stainless-steel device. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS Data on the volumes of the root canals and the remaining filling materials were submitted to the paired t-test. Cyclic fatigue resistance data was submitted to one-way ANOVA and Tukey's tests (α = 0.05). RESULTS Use of PDL 50/.01 decreased the remaining filling materials in the apical third (p < 0.05). The root canal volume was similar in the cervical and middle thirds before and after preparation using PDL 50/.01 (p > 0.05). PDL 50/.01 presented the highest cyclic fatigue resistance (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Use of the PDL 50/.01 instrument as an additional apical preparation for retreatment of curved root canals improved filling material removal in the apical third, while maintaining the dentin in the cervical and middle thirds. In addition, PDL 50/.01 presented high-flexural resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jader Camilo Pinto
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Marco Antonio Hungaro Duarte
- Department of Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Mario Tanomaru-Filho
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University, São Paulo, Brazil
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Silva RV, Alcalde MP, Horta MCR, Rodrigues CT, Silveira FF, Duarte MA, Nunes E. Root canal shaping of curved canals by Reciproc Blue system and Pro Taper Gold: A micro-computed tomographic study. J Clin Exp Dent 2021; 13:e112-e118. [PMID: 33574995 PMCID: PMC7864361 DOI: 10.4317/jced.57180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study aimed to evaluate the centralization and transportation of ProTaper Gold (PTG) rotary system and Reciproc Blue (RB) reciprocating system in curved canals, by using micro-CT. Material and Methods Twenty extracted mandibular molars were previously scanned by using the SkyScan 1174 microtomograph to select the Vertucci IV anatomic type. The specimens were divided into two groups (n=10) according to the mechanized system used to prepare the root canals. The teeth were scanned by micro-CT to calculate the increase volume, percentage of dentin removed, remaining dentin thickness, structure model index (SMI), degree of transportation and centering ability of root canals. The Student's t test was used to evaluate differences between PTG and RB in each measurement evaluated. Results No significant differences were found between the groups in the increase of the total root canal and apical volume; percentage of dentin removed after preparation; SMI of the mesiolingual canal; degree of transportation of the canal and centering ability of the cervical and middle thirds (P>0.05). There were significant differences in the mesiobuccal canal in SMI and in the centering ability of the apical third (P<0.05). Concerning the remaining dentin thickness, there was also no significant diferences between the groups, except for some regions were RB was observed to have a superior cutting capacity (P<0.05). Conclusions Both systems were efficient and safe for performing preparation of the moderately curved root canals of mandibular molars. RB instruments produced more circular and better centralized canals in the apical third of the mesiobuccal canal, with superior cutting action when compared with PTG instruments. Key words:Nickel-titanium instrument, heat treatment, micro-computed tomography, canal transportation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rogério-Vieira Silva
- Department of Dentistry, Pontifical Catholic University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil; b) Northeastern Independent College / FAINOR, Vitória da Conquista, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Murilo-Priori Alcalde
- Department of Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Clarissa-Teles Rodrigues
- Department of Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Frank-Ferreira Silveira
- Department of Dentistry, Pontifical Catholic University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Marco-Antônio Duarte
- Department of Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Nunes
- Department of Dentistry, Pontifical Catholic University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Yalniz H, Koohnavard M, Oncu A, Celikten B, Orhan AI, Orhan K. Comparative evaluation of dentin volume removal and centralization of the root canal after shaping with the ProTaper Universal, ProTaper Gold, and One-Curve instruments using micro-CT. J Dent Res Dent Clin Dent Prospects 2021; 15:47-52. [PMID: 33927841 PMCID: PMC8058162 DOI: 10.34172/joddd.2021.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. The main goal of our study was to assess the volume of dentin removed and transportation in root canals using ProTaper Universal (PTU), ProTaper Gold (PTG) and One-Curve (OC). Ni-Ti rotary instruments in extracted human teeth using by micro-CT. Methods: Thirty human upper 1st premolar teeth with two separate root canals and sturdy, mature root tips were used in the present study. Specimens were decoronated and root length was standardized for micro CT scanning before root canal preparation done. The teeth were randomly separated into three categories (n = 10) according to the rotary NiTi system used for canal instrumentation, i.e., PTU (Dentsply, Maillefer), PTG (Dentsply, Maillefer), and OC (Micro-Mega SA). After root canal preparation, samples were scanned again on micro-CT by the same scanning parameters. Surface area, canal volume, structure model index (SMI), percentage of uninstrumented area and transportation parameters were obtained for each sample before and after micro-CT analyse. Results: No significant differences between the PTG and PTU in terms of the total volume of removed dentin, surface area and percentage of uninstrumented areas were found. However, regarding to parameters above, OC showed a lower efficacy than PTG and PTU in coronal section. Regarding canal transportation, PTG and OC showed lower mean transportation values at all levels. Conclusion: This paper demonstrated the root canal shaping abilities of the PTU, PTG, and OC NiTi file systems. The PTG and OC systems were associated less canal transportation and a better ability to preserve dentinal walls than PTU. There was no significance different between all rotary file systems for SMI values however, PTU and PTG showed greater canal volume and surface area change than OC file systems in coronal section.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hatice Yalniz
- Bezmialem Vakif University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Endodontics, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mehrdad Koohnavard
- Ankara University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Endodontics, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Aysenur Oncu
- Ankara University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Endodontics, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Berkan Celikten
- Ankara University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Endodontics, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ayse Isil Orhan
- Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Kaan Orhan
- Ankara University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of DentoMaxillofacial Radiology, Ankara, Turkey
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Dhaimy S, Kim HC, Bedida L, Benkiran I. Efficacy of reciprocating and rotary retreatment nickel-titanium file systems for removing filling materials with a complementary cleaning method in oval canals. Restor Dent Endod 2021; 46:e13. [PMID: 33680902 PMCID: PMC7906846 DOI: 10.5395/rde.2021.46.e13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 08/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study aimed to evaluate and compare the efficacy of the S1 reciprocating system and the D-Race retreatment rotary system for filling material removal and the apical extrusion of debris. Materials and Methods Sixty-four freshly extracted maxillary canines were shaped with size 10 and size 15 K-files, instrumented using ProTaper Gold under irrigation with 2.5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), obturated according to the principle of thermo-mechanical condensation with gutta-percha and zinc oxide eugenol sealer, and allowed to set for 3 weeks at 37°C. Subsequently, the teeth were divided into a control group (n = 4), the D-Race rotary instrument group (n = 30), and the S1 reciprocating instrument group (n = 30). After classical retreatment, the canals were subjected to a complementary approach with the XP-Endo Shaper. Desocclusol was used as a solvent, and irrigation with 2.5% NaOCl was performed. Each group was divided into subgroups according to the timing of radiographic readings. The images were imported into a software program to measure the remaining filling material, the apical extrusion, and the root canal space. The data were statistically analyzed using the Z-test and JASP graphics software. Results No significant differences were found between the D-Race and S1 groups for primary retreatment; however, using a complementary cleaning method increased the removal of remnant filling (p < 0.05). Conclusions Classical removal of canal filling material may not be sufficient for root canal disinfection, although a complementary finishing approach improved the results. Nevertheless, all systems left some debris and caused apical extrusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Said Dhaimy
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Hassan II University, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Hyeon-Cheol Kim
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Lamyae Bedida
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Hassan II University, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Imane Benkiran
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Hassan II University, Casablanca, Morocco
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40
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Nakatsukasa T, Ebihara A, Kimura S, Maki K, Nishijo M, Tokita D, Okiji T. Comparative evaluation of mechanical properties and shaping performance of heat-treated nickel titanium rotary instruments used in the single-length technique. Dent Mater J 2021; 40:743-749. [PMID: 33518688 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2020-255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the mechanical properties of contemporary heat-treated nickel-titanium (NiTi) rotary instruments used in the single-length technique [ProTaper Next (PTN), HyFlex EDM (EDM), and JIZAI (JZ)]. Bending loads, cyclic fatigue resistance, torque/force values and canal-centering ratios were evaluated for the three instruments and a non-heat-treated experimental NiTi instrument with the same geometry as JZ (nJZ). EDM and JZ exhibited significantly lower bending load and more cycles to failure compared with nJZ and PTN (p<0.05). PTN and JZ exhibited significantly better centering ability than nJZ and EDM (p<0.05). JZ and nJZ generated significantly smaller upward force and maximum torque than PTN and EDM (p<0.05). Under the present experimental condition, JZ exhibited flexibility and cyclic fatigue resistance comparable to EDM, better maintained the canal curvature than the other instruments, and generated smaller torque and screw-in force than PTN and EDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taro Nakatsukasa
- Department of Pulp Biology and Endodontics, Division of Oral Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU)
| | - Arata Ebihara
- Department of Pulp Biology and Endodontics, Division of Oral Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU)
| | - Shunsuke Kimura
- Department of Pulp Biology and Endodontics, Division of Oral Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU)
| | - Keiichiro Maki
- Department of Pulp Biology and Endodontics, Division of Oral Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU)
| | - Miki Nishijo
- Department of Pulp Biology and Endodontics, Division of Oral Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU)
| | - Daisuke Tokita
- Department of Pulp Biology and Endodontics, Division of Oral Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU)
| | - Takashi Okiji
- Department of Pulp Biology and Endodontics, Division of Oral Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU)
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Analysis of the Morpho-Geometrical Changes of the Root Canal System Produced by TF Adaptive vs. BioRace: A Micro-Computed Tomography Study. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14030531. [PMID: 33499266 PMCID: PMC7865356 DOI: 10.3390/ma14030531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
We aimed to analyze the morpho-geometric changes of the root canal system created by two rotary systems (TF Adaptive and BioRace) using micro-CT technology. Two concepts of rotary file system kinematics, continuous rotation and adaptive kinematics, were used in root canal preparation. Twenty mandibular molars (n = 20) were selected with the following criteria: the teeth have mesial roots with a single and continuous isthmus connecting the mesiobuccal and mesiolingual canals (Vertucci’s Type I configuration) and distal roots with independent canals. Teeth were scanned at a resolution of 14 μm. Canals were divided equally into two groups and then enlarged sequentially using the BioRace system and TF Adaptive system according to manufacturer protocol. Co-registered images, before and after preparation, were evaluated for morphometric measurements of canal surface area, volume, structure model index, thickness, straightening, and un-instrumented surface area. Before and after preparation, data were statistically analyzed using a paired sample t-test. After preparation, data were analyzed using an unpaired sample test. The preparation by both systems significantly changed canal surface area, volume, structure model index, and thickness in both systems. There were no significant differences between instrument types with respect to these parameters (p > 0.05). TF Adaptive was associated with less straightening (8% compared with 17% for BioRace in the mesial canal, p > 0.05). Both instrumentation systems produced canal preparations with adequate geometrical changes. BioRace straightened the mesial canals more than TF Adaptive.
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Martins JNR, Silva EJNL, Marques D, Belladonna F, Simões-Carvalho M, Camacho E, Braz Fernandes FM, Versiani MA. Comparison of design, metallurgy, mechanical performance and shaping ability of replica-like and counterfeit instruments of the ProTaper Next system. Int Endod J 2021; 54:780-792. [PMID: 33300121 DOI: 10.1111/iej.13463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 12/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIM To compare the ProTaper Next (PTN) system with a replica-like and a counterfeit system regarding design, metallurgy, mechanical performance and shaping ability. METHODOLOGY Replica-like (X-File) and counterfeit (PTN-CF) instruments were compared to the PTN system regarding design (microscopy), phase transformation temperatures (differential scanning calorimetry), nickel-titanium ratio (energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy), cyclic fatigue, torsional resistance, bending strength, and untouched canal areas in extracted mandibular molars (micro-CT). anova, post hoc Tukey's and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used according to normality assessment (Shapiro-Wilk test) with the significance level set at 5%. RESULTS Overall similarities in design and nickel-titanium (Ni/Ti) ratio were observed amongst instruments with the X-File having a smoother surface finish. PTN and PTN-CF had mixed austenite plus R-phase (R-phase start approximately at 45 ºC and near 30 ºC, respectively), whilst X-File instruments were austenitic (R-phase started at approximately at 17 ºC) at room temperature (20 ºC). PTN-CF had the greatest inconsistency in the phase transformation temperatures. Time to fracture of PTN-CF X2 and X3 was significantly shorter than PTN and X-File instruments (P < 0.05), whilst no difference was noted in maximum torque to fracture amongst the tested systems (P > 0.05). X-Files and PTN-CF had a stress-induced phase change during bending load. Mean unprepared surface areas of root canals were 25.8% (PTN), 31.1% (X-File) and 32.5% (PTN-CF) with no significant difference amongst groups (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION Similarities amongst the systems were noted in the Ni/Ti ratio and maximum torque to fracture, whilst differences were observed in the design, phase transformation temperatures and mechanical behaviour. The ProTaper Next counterfeit instruments could be considered as the less secure system considering its low-cyclic fatigue resistance. Apart from these differences, the unprepared canal surface areas, obtained with the tested systems, were similar.
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Affiliation(s)
- J N R Martins
- Department of Endodontics, Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.,Unidade de Investigação em Ciências Orais e Biomédicas (UICOB), Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.,Centro de Estudo de Medicina Dentária Baseada na Evidência (CEMDBE), Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - E J N L Silva
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Grande Rio University (UNIGRANRIO), Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Department of Endodontics, Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - D Marques
- Centro de Estudo de Medicina Dentária Baseada na Evidência (CEMDBE), Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.,LIBPhys-FCT UID/FIS/04559/2013, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - F Belladonna
- Department of Endodontics, Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - M Simões-Carvalho
- Department of Endodontics, Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - E Camacho
- CENIMAT/I3N, Department of Materials Science, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal
| | - F M Braz Fernandes
- CENIMAT/I3N, Department of Materials Science, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal
| | - M A Versiani
- Dental Specialty Center, Brazilian Military Police, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Alghamdi A, Alsofi L, Balto K. Effects of a Novel NiTi Thermomechanical Treatment on the Geometric Features of the Prepared Root Canal System. MATERIALS 2020; 13:ma13235546. [PMID: 33291766 PMCID: PMC7730099 DOI: 10.3390/ma13235546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Objectives: This study aimed to compare the ex vivo performance of two rotary nickel–titanium (NiTi) systems with similar designs but manufactured from martensitic and austenitic alloys, the One Curve (OC) and One Shape (OS) rotary endodontic files, respectively. Methods: Forty separate mesial canals of 20 extracted mandibular molars were scanned using micro-computed tomography (CT), which were divided into 2 groups and instrumented with OC and OS, respectively. Post-instrumentation micro-CT scans were evaluated using validated computer algorithms to compare changes in canal thickness, surface area, structure model index (SMI) scores, volume of removed dentin, percentage of untreated canal surface, percentage of curvature straightening, and the amount of canal transportation. Results: Both files led to significant changes in the basic root canal geometry, with no preparation errors and no statistically significant differences. However, OC treatment resulted in significantly less curvature straightening (17.30%; 10.77%) (independent samples t test, p < 0.05) and less apical transportation (55.11 µm; 33.15 µm) (Mann–Whitney U, test p < 0.05) compared to OS treatment. Transportation values in the middle and coronal thirds were statistically similar (independent sample t-test, p > 0.05). OC treatment produced significantly less straightening and less apical transportation than OS.
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Nehme W, Araji S, Michetti J, Zogheib C, Naaman A, Khalil I, Pages R, Basarab A, Mallet JP, Diemer F. Assessment of root canal transportation of 2Shape and ProTaper gold in mandibular molar mesial canals: A micro-computed tomographic study. Microsc Res Tech 2020; 84:746-752. [PMID: 33227176 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.23633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare shaping abilities of Protaper Gold® (PTG) and 2Shape® (TS) by using a new automatic process and micro-computed tomography (Micro-CT). 32 first mandibular molars with two separate mesial canals were selected. Only mesial roots were prepared with PTG and TS. Pre- and post-operative scans were performed using Micro-CT to provide volumes with a voxel size of 20 μm. Volumes, non-instrumented area, amount of transportation and centering ability in coronal, middle and apical third shaping time and procedural errors were recorded. TS and PTG increased the endodontic volume of 2.98 mm3 (±1.56) and 3.21 mm3 (±1.78) respectively with no statistical difference (p = .168) and no procedural errors. No significant difference was found concerning canal transportation among groups but only within the same group PTG (p value < .001) and TS (p value < .001). The mean centering ratio was significantly different only between the section levels for PTG (p value < .001) and TS (p value = .01); it was significantly reduced in the cervical third. The percentage of untouched canal walls ranged between 29.78% (±15.145) and 36.60% (±11.968) respectively for PTG and TS with no statistical difference among groups (p value = .168). TS and PTG with post machining heat treatment were able to produce centered preparations with no significant difference or procedural errors. TS system provided a shorter preparation time than PTG files.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walid Nehme
- Saint-Joseph University, IRIT, CNRS UMR 5505, Toulouse, France
| | - Stephanie Araji
- Saint-Joseph University, IRIT, CNRS UMR 5505, Toulouse, France
| | - Jérôme Michetti
- Saint-Joseph University, Campus des Sciences Medicales, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Carla Zogheib
- Saint-Joseph University, IRIT, CNRS UMR 5505, Toulouse, France
| | - Alfred Naaman
- Saint-Joseph University, IRIT, CNRS UMR 5505, Toulouse, France
| | - Issam Khalil
- Saint-Joseph University, IRIT, CNRS UMR 5505, Toulouse, France
| | - Raphaël Pages
- Saint-Joseph University, Campus des Sciences Medicales, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Adrian Basarab
- Saint-Joseph University, Campus des Sciences Medicales, Beirut, Lebanon
| | | | - Franck Diemer
- Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, CHU de Toulouse, University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France.,Clement Ader Institute, Toulouse, France
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Advancement of Mechanical Properties of Nickel-Titanium Rotary Endodontic Instruments by Spring Machining on the File Shaft. MATERIALS 2020; 13:ma13225246. [PMID: 33233623 PMCID: PMC7699742 DOI: 10.3390/ma13225246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Nickel-titanium (NiTi) endodontic rotary instruments are used extensively in root canal procedures by both general dentists and specialists. However, their vulnerability to fracture is the major reason for clinicians' concern regarding their use. The objective of this study was to investigate the potential effects of spring machining of the file shaft on the fatigue and torsional resistances of NiTi rotary instruments. Three types of NiTi rotary systems with (S) and without (NS) spring machining were used in this study (n = 15 each): a spring file (SPR; #25/.06, SPR-S, SPR-NS), a ProTaper Next X2 (PTN; #25/variable taper, PTN-S, PTN-NS), and a ProTaper Gold F2 (PTG; #25/variable taper, PTG-S, PTG-NS). Spring machining was adjusted on the 6 mm of each file system's shaft via a laser cutting process. The number of rotation cycles until fracture (i.e., cyclic fatigue resistance), ultimate torsional strength, the distortion angle, and the toughness of each subgroup were estimated with specially designed devices. The results were analyzed using a paired t-test at a significance level of 95%. NiTi rotary instruments with spring machining exhibited a higher cyclic fatigue resistance than instruments without spring machining. The groups with spring machining exhibited a higher toughness and larger distortion angle than the groups without it (p < 0.05). In conclusion, spring machining on the shank of NiTi instruments may provide a stress-bearing area and attenuate the torsional and cyclic fatigue of NiTi rotary instruments.
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Analysis of second mesiobuccal root canal instrumentation in maxillary first molars with three nickel-titanium rotary instruments: a micro-computed tomographic study. Odontology 2020; 109:496-505. [PMID: 33175279 DOI: 10.1007/s10266-020-00564-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the shaping characteristics of Protaper Universal (PTU; Dentsply Tulsa Dental Specialties, Johnson City, TN), Hero Shaper (HS; MicroMega, Besacon, France) and Hyflex CM (HCM; Coltene-Whaledent, Allstetten, Switzerland) nickel-titanium systems with various apical sizes and tapers in second mesiobuccal (MB2) canal instrumentation using micro-computed tomographic imaging. A total of 27 maxillary first molars with independent patent MB2 canals were selected and randomly assigned to three groups according to the 3-dimensional morphologic aspects obtained from preoperative micro-computed tomographic scans. Canals were first negotiated with a size 8 K-file and finally prepared to F1, F2, and F3 with PTU and to sizes 20.04 taper, 25.04 taper, and 30.04 taper with HS and HCM. Postoperative scans were performed after each instrumentation with the same parameters used in the initial scan. The canal volume, canal transportation, untouched canal surface and wall thickness were measured and calculated using Mimics 10.01 software (Image Works, Materialise, Belgium). Statistical analysis was performed using one-way analysis of variance post hoc LSD tests. PTU removed more dentin than HS and HCM in all sections when instrumented to the same apical size (P < 0.05). HS and HCM presented a lower mean value of canal transportation than PTU in all measured sizes and sections. PTU presented a lower mean value of distal wall thickness than HS and HCM at the level of 1 and 2 mm below the furcation region in all measured sizes. In conclusion, for MB2 canal instrumentation, HS and HCM of 0.04 taper are safer than PTU.
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Mechanical Tests, Metallurgical Characterization, and Shaping Ability of Nickel-Titanium Rotary Instruments: A Multimethod Research. J Endod 2020; 46:1485-1494. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2020.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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An In Vitro Evaluation Study of the Geometric Changes of Root Canal Preparation and the Quality of Endodontic Treatment. Int J Dent 2020; 2020:8883704. [PMID: 32849874 PMCID: PMC7441414 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8883704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The geometry of root canals differs in different parts, especially in the apical region, and it is affected by different preparation techniques. The aim of this study was to evaluate the geometric changes of root canal preparation by general dentists regardless of the endodontic instrumentation systems and to study the quality of endodontic treatment by evaluating the untouched areas after mechanical preparation and the smear layer removal. Materials and Methods 100 extracted maxillary canines were collected for the in vitro study from 10 dentists, and the dentists were asked to treat the teeth endodontically. The teeth then were separated and examined under an optical microscope to evaluate the root canal final diameter and the untouched areas. Then, the teeth were examined under a scanned electronic microscope to evaluate the smear layer in coronal, middle, and third parts of the canal. Statistical significance was set as P < 0.05. Results The mean diameter of the root canal after instrumentation in the coronal and middle thirds was 2.50 ± 1.12 and 1.75 ± 1.24 mm, respectively, and the untouched area percentage observed in the apical thirds was 71%. For smear layer removal, it was better in the coronal and middle thirds than in the apical (P < 0.05). Conclusion The changes in the diameter of the root canal, the percentage of untouched areas after mechanical preparation, and the percentage of smear layer were observed in a higher percent in the apical third than in the coronal and middle thirds, and this raises the question of changing the technique of processing the root canal, especially in the apical third.
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Bueno CSP, Oliveira DP, Pelegrine RA, Fontana CE, Rocha DGP, Gutmann JL, Bueno CES. Fracture incidence of WaveOne Gold files: a prospective clinical study. Int Endod J 2020; 53:1192-1198. [PMID: 32573799 DOI: 10.1111/iej.13349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIM This prospective clinical study evaluated the incidence of instrument fracture observed after single-file root canal treatment of molars using WaveOne Gold instruments. METHODOLOGY Three standardized, experienced and calibrated specialists treated 750 maxillary and mandibular molars with curvatures less than 45° (2691 root canals) over a 12-month period. All the treatments were performed in a single session. A total of 1104 WaveOne Gold instruments were used, including 38 small, 750 primary, 228 medium and 88 large instruments. Intracanal procedures were performed according to the manufacturer's recommendations, and each instrument was used in a single clinical case. The instruments were examined after their removal from the canal, under an operating microscope at 8× magnification. RESULTS No fractures were observed in any of the 1104 instruments used. CONCLUSIONS No fractures of WaveOne Gold reciprocating instruments occurred during root canal preparations performed in maxillary and mandibular molars with curvatures less than 45° when used strictly according to the manufacturer's recommendations and applied in a single clinical case.
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Affiliation(s)
- C S P Bueno
- Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Endodontia, Instituto de Pesquisas São Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - D P Oliveira
- Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Endodontia, Instituto de Pesquisas São Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - R A Pelegrine
- Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Endodontia, Instituto de Pesquisas São Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - C E Fontana
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Pontifical Catholic University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - D G P Rocha
- Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Endodontia, Instituto de Pesquisas São Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas, SP, Brazil.,Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Pontifical Catholic University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - J L Gutmann
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Pontifical Javeriana University, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - C E S Bueno
- Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Endodontia, Instituto de Pesquisas São Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas, SP, Brazil
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Siddique R, Nivedhitha MS, Ranjan M, Jacob B, Solete P. Comparison of antibacterial effectiveness of three rotary file system with different geometry in infected root canals before and after instrumentation-a double-blinded randomized controlled clinical trial. BDJ Open 2020; 6:8. [PMID: 32550007 PMCID: PMC7280230 DOI: 10.1038/s41405-020-0035-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction To compare the antibacterial effectiveness of three rotary file systems i.e., ProTaper Next, ProTaper Gold and XP-endo Shaper in root canals of teeth with asymptomatic apical periodontitis by using the real-time polymerase chain reaction. Materials and methods Root canals from single or multi-rooted teeth (straight canals) with necrotic pulps and asymptomatic apical periodontitis were instrumented using either ProTaper Next (n = 20), ProTaper Gold (n = 20) and XP-endo Shaper (n = 20) under irrigation with 3% sodium hypochlorite. Samples obtained before and after instrumentation were subjected to DNA extraction, amplification and quantitation of total amount of bacteria by using the real-time polymerase chain reaction. Results Samples were taken before preparation (S1) were positive for presence of bacteria, with mean numbers of 9.94 × 107, 20.4 × 107 and 9.20 × 107 bacterial cells for the ProTaper Next, ProTaper Gold and XP-endo Shaper groups, respectively. After preparation (S2) with ProTaper Next, ProTaper Gold, and XP-endo Shaper, root canals still had bacteria with mean counts of 11.8 × 105, 87.2 × 105 and 4.52 × 105 bacterial cells, respectively. Both XP-endo Shaper (99.50%) and ProTaper Next (98.81%) were effective in reducing total bacterial count, and there was no statistically significant difference between them (P > 0.05). XP-endo Shaper succeeded in reducing total bacterial count than ProTaper Gold (95.72%) and there exists statistically significant difference between them (P < 0.05). Conclusions XP-endo Shaper was highly effective in reducing total bacterial count from root canals of teeth with asymptomatic apical periodontitis than ProTaper Gold. ProTaper Next also showed improved microbial reduction percentage as compared with ProTaper Gold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riluwan Siddique
- Saveetha Dental College, Poonamalle High Road, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600056 India
| | | | - Manish Ranjan
- Saveetha Dental College, Poonamalle High Road, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600056 India
| | - Benoy Jacob
- Saveetha Dental College, Poonamalle High Road, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600056 India
| | - Pradeep Solete
- Saveetha Dental College, Poonamalle High Road, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600056 India
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