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Eachempati P, Harris A, Lambourn G, Francis T, McColl E. Top tips for treatment planning: tooth-by-tooth prognosis - Part 2: endodontic prognosis. Br Dent J 2024; 237:522-526. [PMID: 39394283 DOI: 10.1038/s41415-024-7994-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/13/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Prashanti Eachempati
- Peninsula Dental School (University of Plymouth), Derriford Dental Education Facility, Plymouth Science Park, Research Way, Plymouth, PL6 8BT, UK; Adjunct Professor in Prosthodontics, Manipal University College Malaysia, Melaka 75150, Malaysia.
| | - Andrew Harris
- Peninsula Dental School (University of Plymouth), Derriford Dental Education Facility, Plymouth Science Park, Research Way, Plymouth, PL6 8BT, United Kingdom.
| | - Guy Lambourn
- Peninsula Dental School (University of Plymouth), Derriford Dental Education Facility, Plymouth Science Park, Research Way, Plymouth, PL6 8BT, United Kingdom.
| | - Tony Francis
- Department of Conservative & Endodontics, Manipal University College Malaysia, Melaka 75150, Malaysia.
| | - Ewen McColl
- Head of School, Director of Clinical Dentistry, Peninsula Dental School (University of Plymouth), Derriford Dental Education Facility, Plymouth Science Park, Research Way, Plymouth, PL6 8BT, United Kingdom.
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Mrinalini M, Gupta A, Soi S, Abraham D, Bukhari SH. Endodontic Access Cavity Design and Fracture Resistance: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Conventional vs. Newer Access Cavity. Cureus 2024; 16:e68796. [PMID: 39371789 PMCID: PMC11456307 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.68796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2024] [Accepted: 09/06/2024] [Indexed: 10/08/2024] Open
Abstract
The era of minimally invasive dentistry has led to the development of new access cavity designs. The impact of various access cavity designs on the fracture resistance of teeth has been extensively studied. The primary aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to evaluate and compare the effects of recent modifications in endodontic access cavity design- specifically, conventional, conservative, and truss designs on tooth fracture resistance. Three independent reviewers searched studies across six different databases (PubMed, Scopus, EBSCOhost, BVS, Wiley, and Google Scholar) from January 2000 to July 2024, following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The articles were then screened using strict inclusion and exclusion criteria. A quality assessment was performed using a modified version of the quality assessment of in-vitro studies according to the QUIN (Quality Assessment Tool For In Vitro Studies) tool, categorizing the selected articles into low, moderate, and high risk of bias. Quantitative data synthesis was conducted to combine equivalent results using STATA. Forest plots were created with the level of significance set at 0.05 (p = 0.05). Out of 243 articles, 14 met the strict inclusion criteria. Among the selected articles, 11 showed a low risk of bias and three showed a moderate risk. The meta-analysis revealed that fracture resistance of conservative and truss access designs is significantly higher than that of conventional endodontic access, with a standardized mean difference (SMD) of 2.61 (95% 1.47 to 3.74; p-values <0.001) and SMD = -1.26 (95% confidence interval (CI): -1.81 to 0-0.71; p<0.001). The heterogeneity (I²) values for these comparisons were 92% and 65.6%, respectively. The extent of the access cavity has a substantial impact on tooth fracture resistance. Newer conservative and truss endodontic access designs offer better fracture resistance compared to conventional endodontic access.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mrinalini Mrinalini
- Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Manav Rachna Dental College, Faridabad, IND
| | - Alpa Gupta
- Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Manav Rachna Dental College, Faridabad, IND
| | - Sonal Soi
- Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Manav Rachna Dental College, Faridabad, IND
| | - Dax Abraham
- Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Manav Rachna Dental College, Faridabad, IND
| | - Seema H Bukhari
- Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Manav Rachna Dental College, Faridabad, IND
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Rane S, Pandit V, Gaikwad A, Chavan S, Patil R, Shinde M. Minimally Invasive Access Cavity Designs: A Review. JOURNAL OF PHARMACY AND BIOALLIED SCIENCES 2024; 16:S1971-S1973. [PMID: 39346343 PMCID: PMC11426888 DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_450_24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 10/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Access cavity preparation, chemo-mechanical preparation, and obturation make up the majority of the endodontic triad. Every action should be carefully observed by the clinician. In the last two decades, endodontics has seen advancements in both technology and materials. Given the technical advancements in applied sciences, magnification, and imaging techniques, minimally invasive therapies are currently used in the medical and dentistry industries. This review article will describe minimally invasive Access cavity designs and their advantages and disadvantages in Endodontic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sushmita Rane
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Bharati Vidyapeeth Dental College and Hospital, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed to be University, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Varsha Pandit
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Bharati Vidyapeeth Dental College and Hospital, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed to be University, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Ashwini Gaikwad
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Bharati Vidyapeeth Dental College and Hospital, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed to be University, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Shivani Chavan
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Bharati Vidyapeeth Dental College and Hospital, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed to be University, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Rajlaxmi Patil
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Bharati Vidyapeeth Dental College and Hospital, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed to be University, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Mrunal Shinde
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Bharati Vidyapeeth Dental College and Hospital, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed to be University, Pune, Maharashtra, India
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Al-Ani AM, Ali AH, Koller G. Assessment of Bacterial Load and Post-Endodontic Pain after One-Visit Root Canal Treatment Using Two Types of Endodontic Access Openings: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial. Dent J (Basel) 2024; 12:88. [PMID: 38668000 PMCID: PMC11049031 DOI: 10.3390/dj12040088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The need for controlling bacteria and pain during root canal therapy is undeniable. This clinical trial aimed to assess whether there is a difference in colony-forming unit (CFU) reduction after instrumentation and post-endodontic pain after root canal treatment (RCT) using a traditional endodontic cavity (TEC) versus a conservative endodontic cavity (CEC). This clinical study was conducted on 89 patients designated for a single-visit RCT. Patients were allocated randomly (TEC n = 45 and CEC n = 44). The access opening was gained accordingly in each group by a single operator. A pre-instrumentation sample of root canal dentin was collected using an endodontic file; the second sample was collected similarly, right after shaping and cleaning the root canal. The CFU was calculated based on the samples collected. The pain level was recorded preoperatively and at 1, 7, and 21 days postoperatively utilizing a visual analog scale (VAS). There were no statistically significant differences in the CFU reduction between the TEC and CEC groups (p > 0.05). Additionally, there were no statistically significant differences found in postoperative pain levels between the TEC and CEC at 1, 7, and 21 days (p > 0.05). Despite the limitations of this study, both the CEC and TEC demonstrate a decrease in bacteria within the root canals and alleviate postoperative pain with no difference between them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed M. Al-Ani
- Aesthetic and Restorative Dentistry Department, College of Dentistry, University of Baghdad, Baghdad 10071, Iraq;
| | - Ahmed H. Ali
- Aesthetic and Restorative Dentistry Department, College of Dentistry, University of Baghdad, Baghdad 10071, Iraq;
| | - Garrit Koller
- Conservative and MI Dentistry (Including Endodontics), King’s College London Dental Institute at Guy’s Hospital, King’s Health Partners, London SE1 9RT, UK;
- Centre for Oral, Clinical and Translational Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, King’s College London, London WC2R 2LS, UK
- London Centre for Nanotechnology, London WC1H 0AH, UK
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Prado HS, Petean IBF, Franco NJS, Camargo RV, Carvalho KKTD, Mazzi-Chaves JF, Lopes-Olhê FC, Silva-Sousa YTC, Souza-Gabriel AE, Sousa-Neto MD. Impact of access cavities on root canal preparation, restorative protocol quality, and fracture resistance of teeth. Braz Oral Res 2023; 37:e096. [PMID: 38055514 DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2023.vol37.0096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The survival of endodontically treated teeth depends on the remaining tooth structure. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of different access cavities on root canal preparation, restorative protocol, and fracture resistance of endodontically treated teeth. Fifty-six mandibular molars were divided into control (n=8) and experimental (n=16) groups according to access cavity: Traditional, Conservative, and Truss; and redistributed (n=8) according to instrumentation protocols: Reciproc Blue and R-motion. After, teeth were scanned in micro-CT and then filled and redistributed according to composite resin restoration (n=8): Filtek One BulkFill and Filtek Z350. A new micro-CT scan was performed to analyze the restorative material. Then, samples were submitted to fracture resistance testing and the failure pattern was determined. Data were analyzed using paired T-test, ANOVA, Tukey, and chi-square tests (α=0.05). In Truss, R-Motion promoted less transportation in different thirds of root canals. Higher percentages of voids (5.05%) and filling material (11.7%) were observed in Truss. Fracture resistance values were higher for the control group, followed by Truss, Conservative, and Traditional. The predominant failure pattern was type-II. In Truss, reciprocating instruments with smaller taper showed less canal transportation. Also, Truss provided higher values of fracture resistance, although it presented a higher percentage of voids and remaining filling material. Thus, in Truss, reciprocating files with smaller taper showed less canal transportation, and these cavities provided higher values of fracture resistance, although it presented a higher percentage of voids and remaining filling material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heitor Silva Prado
- Universidade de São Paulo - USP, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Igor Bassi Ferreira Petean
- Universidade de São Paulo - USP, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Natália Junqueira Saud Franco
- Universidade de São Paulo - USP, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Rafael Verardino Camargo
- Universidade de São Paulo - USP, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Jardel Francisco Mazzi-Chaves
- Universidade de São Paulo - USP, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Fabiane Carneiro Lopes-Olhê
- Universidade de São Paulo - USP, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Aline Evangelista Souza-Gabriel
- Universidade de São Paulo - USP, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Manoel Damião Sousa-Neto
- Universidade de São Paulo - USP, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
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Falakaloğlu S, Yeniçeri Özata M, Güneş B, Silva EJNL, Gündoğar M, Güçyetmez Topal B. Influence of access cavity design on calcium hydroxide removal using different cleaning protocols: a confocal laser scanning microscopy study. Restor Dent Endod 2023; 48:e25. [PMID: 37675447 PMCID: PMC10477421 DOI: 10.5395/rde.2023.48.e25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Revised: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of endodontic access cavities design on the removal of calcium hydroxide medication of the apical third of mandibular incisor root canal walls and dentinal tubules with different cleaning protocols: EDDY sonic activation, Er,Cr:YSGG laser-activated irrigation, or conventional irrigation with IrriFlex. Materials and Methods Seventy-eight extracted human mandibular incisors were assigned to 6 experimental groups (n = 13) according to the endodontic access cavity and cleaning protocol for calcium hydroxide removal: traditional access cavity (TradAC)/EDDY; ultraconservative access cavity performed in the incisal edge (UltraAC.Inc)/EDDY; TradAC/Er,Cr:YSGG; UltraAC.Inc/Er,Cr:YSGG; TradAC/IrriFlex; or UltraAC.Inc/IrriFlex. Confocal laser scanning microscopy images were used to measure the non-penetration percentage, maximum residual calcium hydroxide penetration depth, and penetration area at 2 and 4 mm from the apex. Data were statistically analyzed using Shapiro-Wilk and WRS2 package for 2-way comparison of non-normally distributed parameters (depth of penetration, area of penetration, and percentage of non-penetration) according to cavity and cleaning protocol with the significance level set at 5%. Results The effect of cavity and cleaning protocol interactions on penetration depth, penetration area and non-penetration percentage was not found statistically significant at 2 and 4 mm levels (p > 0.05). Conclusions The present study demonstrated that TradAC or UltraAC.Inc preparations with different cleaning protocols in extracted mandibular incisors did not influence the remaining calcium hydroxide at 2 and 4 mm from the apex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seda Falakaloğlu
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, İstanbul Health and Technology University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Merve Yeniçeri Özata
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Dicle University, Diyarbakır, Turkey
| | - Betül Güneş
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Eskişehir, Turkey
| | | | - Mustafa Gündoğar
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, İstanbul Medipol University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Burcu Güçyetmez Topal
- Department of Pedodontics, School of Dentistry, Afyonkarahisar Health Sciences University, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
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Shirani F, saatchi M, Shirani M, Jafari N. Evaluation of the Fracture Resistance of Conservative and Ultraconservative Access Cavity Designs with Different Treatment Modalities: An In Vitro Study. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 2023:7247375. [PMID: 37483655 PMCID: PMC10359140 DOI: 10.1155/2023/7247375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
Introduction The aim of this study was to evaluate the fracture resistance of endodontically treated mandibular molars using traditional and conservative access cavity preparation. Materials and Methods In this in vitro study, 100 extracted healthy human mandibular molars were selected and divided into 10 groups (n = 10). Healthy teeth in one group were considered the control group. In three groups, traditional access cavity preparation was done (groups A) without two marginal ridges (A1), with one marginal ridge (A2), and with two marginal ridges (A3). In three groups (group B), two separate access cavities with a dentinoenamel roof without two marginal ridges (B1), with one marginal ridge (B2), and with two marginal ridges (B3) were prepared. In three other groups (groups C), two separate access cavities were prepared only with a dentinal roof without two marginal ridges (C1), with one marginal ridge (C2), and with two marginal ridges (C3), on which root canal treatment was performed afterward. Then, these teeth were subjected to force until fracture. The fracture force and fracture mode of each tooth were recorded and compared between groups by ANOVA, Tukey's post hoc, and chi-square tests using SPSS ver. 23 (IBM, Somers, NJ, USA). Results The control teeth had the highest mean fracture force (2804.5 ± 338.5 N), followed by a conservative access cavity with a dentinoenamel roof and two marginal ridges (2360.4 ± 181.72 N) and a conservative access cavity with a dentinoenamel roof and one marginal ridge (1812.8 ± 263.9 N), respectively. The lowest mean fracture force was found for the conventional access cavity group without two marginal ridges (399.4 ± 95.2 N). Conclusion In the condition of this study, with two separate access cavities in mandibular molars and maintenance of the marginal ridges, it is possible to provide teeth with higher fracture resistance against occlusal forces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzaneh Shirani
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dental Research Centre, Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Masoud saatchi
- Dental Research Centre, Department of Endodontics, Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mehrangiz Shirani
- School of Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Niloufar Jafari
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
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Wang X, Wang D, Wang YR, Cheng XG, Ni LX, Wang W, Tian Y. Effect of access cavities on the biomechanics of mandibular molars: a finite element analysis. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:196. [PMID: 37009868 PMCID: PMC10069102 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-02878-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study aimed to predict the fracture resistance of a mandibular first molar (MFM) with diverse endodontic cavities using finite element analysis (FEA). METHODS Five experimental finite element models representing a natural tooth (NT) and 4 endodontically treated MFMs were generated. Treated MFM models were with a traditional endodontic cavity (TEC) and minimally invasive endodontic (MIE) cavities, including guided endodontic cavity (GEC), contracted endodontic cavity (CEC) and truss endodontic cavity (TREC). Three loads were applied, simulating a maximum bite force of 600 N (N) vertically and a normal masticatory force of 225 N vertically and laterally. The distributions of von Mises (VM) stress and maximum VM stress were calculated. RESULTS The maximum VM stresses of the NT model were the lowest under normal masticatory forces. In endodontically treated models, the distribution of VM stress in GEC model was the most similar to NT model. The maximum VM stresses of the GEC and CEC models under different forces were lower than those of TREC and TEC models. Under vertical loads, the maximum VM stresses of the TREC model were the highest, while under the lateral load, the maximum VM stress of the TEC model was the highest. CONCLUSION The stress distribution of tooth with GEC was most like NT. Compared with TECs, GECs and CECs may better maintain fracture resistance, TRECs, however, may have a limited effect on maintenance of the tooth resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Wang
- Department of Endodontics, School of Stomatology, State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, The Fourth Military Medical University, 710032, Xi'an, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Department of Endodontics, School of Stomatology, State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, The Fourth Military Medical University, 710032, Xi'an, China
| | - Yi-Rong Wang
- Department of Endodontics, School of Stomatology, State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, The Fourth Military Medical University, 710032, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiao-Gang Cheng
- Department of Endodontics, School of Stomatology, State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, The Fourth Military Medical University, 710032, Xi'an, China
| | - Long-Xing Ni
- Department of Endodontics, School of Stomatology, State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, The Fourth Military Medical University, 710032, Xi'an, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Endodontics, School of Stomatology, State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, The Fourth Military Medical University, 710032, Xi'an, China.
| | - Yu Tian
- Department of Endodontics, School of Stomatology, State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, The Fourth Military Medical University, 710032, Xi'an, China.
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Abdulrab S, Geerts G, Al-Maweri SA, Alhajj MN, Alhadainy H, Ba-Hattab R. The influence of horizontal glass fiber posts on fracture strength and fracture pattern of endodontically treated teeth: A systematic review and meta-analysis of in vitro studies. J Prosthodont 2023. [PMID: 36705005 DOI: 10.1111/jopr.13654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to summarize available evidence regarding the effect of horizontal glass fiber posts (HGFPs) on fracture strength and fracture pattern of endodontically treated teeth (ETT) compared to controls without HGFP. The review protocol was registered on the OSF registries. METHODS Literature searches were conducted in MEDLINE/PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, Google Scholar, and ProQuest for all relevant studies published up to February 2022. All in vitro studies that assessed the influence of HGFPs on fracture strength and fracture pattern of ETT whether mesio-occluso-distal or mesio-occlusal or DO cavities were considered eligible. Review Manager (RevMan) was used for the meta-analysis. Subgroup and funnel plot analyses were also performed. Quality assessment was conducted by two independent reviewers. RESULTS A total of 12 articles met the inclusion criteria, and 10 studies underwent quantitative evaluation. The pooled effect showed that fracture resistance of molar teeth restored with HGFP was significantly higher than teeth without HGFP (standardized mean difference [SMD]: 1.61, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.14, 3.09, p = 0.03), whereas marginally significant for premolars (SMD: 1.36, 95% CI: -0.00, 2.73, p = 0.05). Regarding fracture patterns, the presence of an HGFP significantly increased the occurrence of restorable fracture patterns for premolars (odds ratios [OR]: 4.15, 95% CI: 1.60, 10.82, p = 0.004) compared to controls, whereas the difference was not significant for molars (OR: 1.09, 95% CI: 0.43, 2.77, p = 0.85). Moderate risk of bias was identified in 9/12 studies; one study showed a high risk of bias and two studies showed a low risk of bias. CONCLUSIONS Within the limitations of this study, there is evidence from in vitro studies that the use of HGFP increases the fracture resistance of the ETT when compared to teeth without HGFP and also reduces the occurrence of non-restorable fractures for premolars. However, well-conducted in vitro and prospective clinical studies are warranted to validate this finding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saleem Abdulrab
- Al Khor Health Center, Primary Health Care Corporation, Doha, Qatar.,Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Greta Geerts
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Sadeq Ali Al-Maweri
- Department of Pre-Clinical Oral Health Sciences, College of Dental Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | | | - Hatem Alhadainy
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina, Charlotte, North Carolina, USA
| | - Raidan Ba-Hattab
- Department of Pre-Clinical Oral Health Sciences, College of Dental Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
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Motiwala MA, Gul M, Ghafoor R. Effect of different access cavity designs on fracture toughness of endodontically treated teeth: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. Evid Based Dent 2022:10.1038/s41432-022-0827-9. [PMID: 36460797 DOI: 10.1038/s41432-022-0827-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Objective To compare the effect of different endodontic access cavities on fracture toughness of extracted endodontically treated human teeth.Data/sources An electronic literature search was performed in seven databases as well as hand search until September 2020. Risk-of-bias tool was used to evaluate the quality of included studies. Random effects frequentist network meta-analysis was performed, with mean difference (MD) and 95% confidence interval (CI) as the effect measure. Confidence in the documented evidence was assessed through the newly fuelled Confidence in Network Meta-analysis (CINeMA) framework based on the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach.Study selection A total of 844 articles were obtained in the electronic and hand search. After the application of the eligibility criteria and duplicate removal, 14 studies were included in this systematic review. All included studies were in vitro that evaluated the influence of conservative endodontic cavities (CECs) on fracture toughness in extracted endodontically treated human teeth and compared to traditional endodontic cavities (TECs). In total, ten studies (n = 456) were included in the network meta-analysis for molars. The overall risk of bias was moderate.Results The results showed that when compared to intact teeth, the greatest reduction in fracture resistance was reported for TEC (MD: -927.52; 95% CI [-1304.80; -550.24]) and CEC showed least reduction in fracture resistance (MD: -365.59; 95% CI [-759.02; 27.83]). The surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA) value for intact teeth was highest (85.4% probability of being ranked as first), followed by CEC (51.4% probability of being ranked as second), with CEC presenting the highest probabilities to be the most effective access cavity design, according to the RANK (receptor activator of NF-kappaB) table. Level of confidence varied from low to moderate across all formulated comparisons.Conclusion Overall, based on the included in vitro studies in this systematic review, CEC was the most favourable access cavity design when compared to other (truss access cavities, TEC and ninja cavities) and TEC was the least favourable for fracture resistance; however, the level of evidence was moderate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Momina A Motiwala
- Resident, Operative Dentistry, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Meisha Gul
- Assistant Professor, Operative Dentistry, Bahria University Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Robia Ghafoor
- Operative Dentistry Assistant Professor, Section of Dentistry, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan.
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Rahbani Nobar B, Dianat O, Rahbani Nobar B, Kazem M, Hicks ML. Influence of minimally invasive access cavities on load capacity of root‐canal‐treated teeth: A systematic review and meta‐analysis. AUST ENDOD J 2022; 49:213-236. [PMID: 35665985 DOI: 10.1111/aej.12640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This systematic review (PROSPERO-CRD42020147333) aimed to compare the effects of conservative, ultraconservative and truss access cavities with traditional access cavities on the load capacity of root-canal-treated teeth. Online databases were searched until December 2021, and 25 ex vivo studies in which the effects of different access cavities on load capacity of permanent teeth had been investigated were included. Quality assessment was completed using a modified risk of bias tool for in vitro studies adapted from previous studies. Meta-analysis was performed using the maximum-likelihood-based random-effects model with similar groups. Conservative access cavities significantly improved the load capacity of maxillary premolars (p < 0.01 [-1.32, -0.028]) and molars (p < 0.05 [-0.89, -0.02]) compared to traditional access cavities. Additionally, truss access cavities significantly improved the load capacity of mandibular molars with (p < 0.05, [-1.18, -0.02]) mesio-occluso-distal cavity preparations. Higher levels of evidence are needed to determine the long-term implications of minimal preparations for treatment outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Omid Dianat
- Division of Endodontics, Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, School of DentistryUniversity of MarylandBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Behnam Rahbani Nobar
- Department of Endodontics, School of DentistryAlborz University of Medical SciencesKarajIran
| | - Majid Kazem
- Department of Endodontics, School of DentistryShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - M. Lamar Hicks
- Division of Endodontics, Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, School of DentistryUniversity of MarylandBaltimoreMarylandUSA
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Jakab A, Volom A, Sáry T, Vincze-Bandi E, Braunitzer G, Alleman D, Garoushi S, Fráter M. Mechanical Performance of Direct Restorative Techniques Utilizing Long Fibers for “Horizontal Splinting” to Reinforce Deep MOD Cavities—An Updated Literature Review. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14071438. [PMID: 35406311 PMCID: PMC9002665 DOI: 10.3390/polym14071438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Excessive cavity preparation and root canal treatment leads to a weakened tooth structure with a lower resistance to fracture. Fiber reinforcement is frequently used to reinforce such teeth, and multiple fiber types and possible applications exist. Various methods for utilizing long fibers to internally splint the remaining cavity walls in the case of large mesio-occluso-distal (MOD) cavities have been proposed; however, no summary of their performance has been written up to now. Our study aims to review the available literature to evaluate and compare the mechanical performance of the different materials and methods utilized for horizontal splinting in large MOD cavities. Three independent authors performed a thorough literature search using PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar up until January 2022. The authors selected in vitro studies that used long fibers placed horizontally in posterior teeth with large MOD cavities to reinforce these teeth. From 1683 potentially relevant articles, 11 publications met our inclusion criteria. Seven out of eleven studies showed that horizontal splinting with long fibers improved the fracture resistance of the restored teeth. Three articles showed no significant difference between the fracture resistance of the restored groups. Only one article reported a lower fracture resistance to the horizontally splinted group, compared to conventional direct composite restoration. Within the limitations of this review, evidence suggests that long fiber reinforcement could be used to improve the fracture resistance of heavily restored teeth.
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Affiliation(s)
- András Jakab
- Department of Operative and Esthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (A.J.); (T.S.); (E.V.-B.)
| | | | - Tekla Sáry
- Department of Operative and Esthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (A.J.); (T.S.); (E.V.-B.)
| | - Eszter Vincze-Bandi
- Department of Operative and Esthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (A.J.); (T.S.); (E.V.-B.)
| | | | - David Alleman
- The Alleman Center for Biomimetic Dentistry, South Jordan, UT 84095, USA;
| | - Sufyan Garoushi
- Department of Biomaterials Science and Turku Clinical Biomaterials Center-TCBC, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, FI-20520 Turku, Finland;
| | - Márk Fráter
- Department of Operative and Esthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (A.J.); (T.S.); (E.V.-B.)
- Correspondence:
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13
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Patel S, Bhuva B, Bose R. Vertical root fractures in root treated teeth-current status and future trends. Int Endod J 2022; 55 Suppl 3:804-826. [PMID: 35338655 PMCID: PMC9324143 DOI: 10.1111/iej.13737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Vertical root fracture (VRF) is a common reason for the extraction of root filled teeth. The accurate diagnosis of VRF may be challenging due to the absence of clinical signs, whilst conventional radiographic assessment is often inconclusive. However, an understanding of the aetiology of VRFs, and more importantly, the key predisposing factors, is crucial in identifying teeth that may be susceptible. Thorough clinical examination with magnification and co-axial lighting is essential in identifying VRFs, and although CBCT is unable to reliably detect VRFs per se, the pattern of bone loss typically associated with VRF can be fully appreciated, and therefore, increases the probability of correct diagnosis and management. The prevalence of VRFs in root filled teeth is significantly greater than in teeth with vital pulps, demonstrating that the combination of loss of structural integrity, presence of pre-existing fractures and biochemical effects of loss of vitality, are highly relevant. Careful assessment of the occlusal scheme, presence of deflective contacts and identification of parafunctional habits is imperative in both preventing and managing VRFs. Furthermore, anatomical factors such as root canal morphology, may predispose certain teeth to VRF. The influence of access cavity design and root canal instrumentation protocols should be considered although the impact of these on the fracture resistance of root filled teeth is not clearly validated. The post-endodontic restoration of root filled teeth should be expedient and considerate to the residual tooth structure. Posts should be placed 'passively' and excessive 'post-space' preparation should be avoided. This narrative review aims to present the aetiology, potential predisposing factors, histopathology, diagnosis and management of VRF and present perspectives for future research. Currently, there are limited options other than extraction for the management of VRF, although root resection may be considered in multi-rooted teeth. Innovative techniques to 'repair' VRFs using both orthograde and surgical approaches require further research and validation. The prevention of VRFs is critical; identifying susceptible teeth, utilizing conservative endodontic procedures, together with expedient and appropriate post-endodontic restorative procedures is paramount to reducing the incidence of terminal VRFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanon Patel
- Department of Endodontology, King's College London Dental Institute, London, UK.,Specialist Practice, London, UK
| | - Bhavin Bhuva
- Department of Endodontology, King's College London Dental Institute, London, UK
| | - Raul Bose
- Department of Endodontology, King's College London Dental Institute, London, UK
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Ordinola-Zapata R, Lin F, Nagarkar S, Perdigão J. A critical analysis of research methods and experimental models to study the load capacity and clinical behavior of the root filled teeth. Int Endod J 2022; 55 Suppl 2:471-494. [PMID: 35263455 PMCID: PMC9314814 DOI: 10.1111/iej.13722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
The prognosis of root‐filled teeth depends not only on a successful root canal treatment but also on the restorative prognosis. This critical review discusses the advantages and limitations of various methodologies used to assess the load capacity or clinical survivability of root‐filled teeth and restorations. These methods include static loading, cyclic loading, finite element analysis and randomized clinical trials. In vitro research is valuable for preclinical screening of new dental materials or restorative modalities. It also can assist investigators or industry to decide whether further clinical trials are justified. It is important that these models present high precision and accuracy, be reproducible, and present adequate outcomes. Although in vitro models can reduce confounding by controlling important variables, the lack of clinical validation (accuracy) is a downside that has not been properly addressed. Most importantly, many in vitro studies did not explore the mechanisms of failure and their results are limited to rank different materials or treatment modalities according to the maximum load capacity. An extensive number of randomized clinical trials have also been published in the last years. These trials have provided valuable insight on the survivability of the root‐filled tooth answering numerous clinical questions. However, trials can also be affected by the selected outcome and by intrinsic and extrinsic biases. For example, selection bias, loss to follow‐up and confounding. In the clinical scenario, hypothesis‐based studies are preferred over observational and retrospective studies. It is recommended that hypothesis‐based studies minimize error and bias during the design phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronald Ordinola-Zapata
- Division of Endodontics, Department of Restorative Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Fei Lin
- Department of Cariology and Endodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, China.,Minnesota Dental Research Center for Biomaterials and Biomechanics, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Sanket Nagarkar
- Park Dental Group, Minneapolis, Minnesota, and Clinical Research Assistant Professor (affiliated), Department of Restorative Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Jorge Perdigão
- Division of Operative Dentistry, Department of Restorative Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
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15
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Silva EJNL, De-Deus G, Souza EM, Belladonna FG, Cavalcante DM, Simões-Carvalho M, Versiani MA. Present status and future directions - Minimal endodontic access cavities. Int Endod J 2022; 55 Suppl 3:531-587. [PMID: 35100441 DOI: 10.1111/iej.13696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In the last decades, the move of Medicine towards minimally invasive treatments is notorious and scientifically grounded. As Dentistry naturally follows its footsteps, minimal access preparation also became a trend topic in the endodontic field. This procedure aims to maximize preservation of dentine tissue, backed up by the idea that this is an effective way to reduce the incidence of post-treatment tooth fracture. However, with the assessment of the body of evidence on this topic, it is possible to observe some key-points (a) the demand for nomenclature standardization, (b) the requirement of specific tools such as ultra-flexible instruments, visual magnification, superior illumination, and three-dimensional imaging technology, (c) minimally invasive treatment does not seem to affect orifice location and mechanical preparation when using adequate armamentarium, but it (d) may impair adequate canal cleaning, disinfection, and filling procedures, and also (e) it displays contradictory results regarding the ability to increase the tooth strengthen compared to the traditional access cavity. In spite of that, it is undeniable that methodological flaws of some benchtop studies using extracted teeth may be responsible for the conflicting data, thus triggering the need for more sophisticated devices/facilities and specifically designed research in an attempt to make it clear the role of the access size/design on long-term teeth survival. Moreover, it is inevitable that a clinical approach like minimal endodontic access cavities that demands complex tools and skilled and experienced operators bring to the fore doubts on its educational impact mainly when confronted with the conflicting scientific output, ultimately provoking a cost-benefit analysis of its implementation as a routine technique. In addition, this review discusses the ongoing scientific and clinical status of minimally invasive access cavities aiming to input an in-depth and unbiased view over the rationale behind them, uncovering not only the related conceptual and scientific flaws, but also outlining future directions for research and clinical practices. The conclusions attempt to skip from passionate disputes highlighting the current body of evidence as weak and incomplete to guide decision making, demanding the development of a close-to-in-situ laboratory model or a large and well-controlled clinical trial to solve this matter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel João Nogueira Leal Silva
- Department of Endodontics, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Grande Rio University (UNIGRANRIO), Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Gustavo De-Deus
- Department of Endodontics, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Erick Miranda Souza
- Department of Dentistry II, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Maranhão
| | | | | | - Marco Simões-Carvalho
- Department of Endodontics, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Fu Y, Zhang L, Gao Y, Huang D. A comparison of volume of tissue removed and biomechanical analysis of different access cavity designs in two-rooted mandibular first molars: a multi-sample three-dimensional finite element analysis. J Endod 2021; 48:362-369. [PMID: 34953797 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2021.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of this study was to compare the biomechanical properties and the amount of coronal tissue removed among the different access cavities with a multi-sample three-dimensional finite element analysis in mandibular first molar. The correlation between the amount of tissue removed and the fracture resistance of the teeth was also analysed. METHODS Micro-CT data from 20 two-rooted mandibular first molars were included in this study as three-dimensional modelling prototypes. The models of untreated molars and molars treated with the Traditional Access Cavity (TradAC), the Conservative Access Cavity (ConsAC) and the straight-line minimally invasive endodontic access cavities (SMIAC) were created. Each model was loaded in 3 ways to simulate the functional conditions of occlusion. The amount of tissue removed and the maximum stress in the cervical region were recorded and analysed, and the correlation between them was also analysed. RESULTS The amount of coronal tissue and peri-cervical dentin (PCD) removed in SMIAC and ConsAC was less than that of TradAC. The mean maximum stress in the cervical region was significantly smaller in SMIAC and ConsAC than in TradAC. The amount of hard tissue and PCD loss was positively correlated with the maximum stress in the cervical region of the tooth. CONCLUSIONS In mandibular first molars, it could be beneficial to improve the fracture resistance of the tooth after endodontic treatment by the minimally invasive access cavity to reduce the loss of coronal tooth tissue and PCD. The SMIAC may be an option balancing biomechanical properties and clinical convenience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Department of Endodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Shanghai, China
| | - Lan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuan Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Dingming Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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17
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Ballester B, Giraud T, Ahmed HMA, Nabhan MS, Bukiet F, Guivarc'h M. Current strategies for conservative endodontic access cavity preparation techniques-systematic review, meta-analysis, and decision-making protocol. Clin Oral Investig 2021; 25:6027-6044. [PMID: 34623506 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-021-04080-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess related studies and discuss the clinical implications of endodontic access cavity (AC) designs. MATERIALS AND METHODS A systematic review of studies comparing the fracture resistance and/or endodontic outcomes between different AC designs was conducted in two electronic search databases (PubMed and Web of Science) following the PRISMA guidelines. Study selection, data extraction, and quality assessment were performed. Meta-analyses were undertaken for fracture resistance and root canal detection, with the level of significance set at 0.05 (P = 0.05). RESULTS A total of 33 articles were included in this systematic review. The global evaluation of the risk of bias in the included studies was assessed as moderate, and the level of evidence was rated as low. Four types of AC designs were categorized: traditional (TradAC), conservative (ConsAC), ultraconservative (UltraAC), and truss (TrussAC). Their impact on fracture resistance, cleaning/disinfection, procedural errors, root canal detection, treatment time, apical debris extrusion, and root canal filling was discussed. Meta-analysis showed that compared to TradAC, (i) there is a significant higher fracture resistance of teeth with ConsAC, TrussAC, or ConsAC/TrussAC when all marginal ridges are preserved (P < 0.05), (ii) there is no significant effect of the type of AC on the fracture resistance of teeth when one or two marginal ridges are lost (P > 0.05), and (iii) there is a significantly higher risk of undetected canals with ConsAC if not assisted by dental operating microscope and ultrasonic troughing (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Decreasing the AC extent does not necessarily present mechanical and biological advantages especially when one or more surfaces of the tooth structure are lost. To date, the evidence available does not support the application of TrussAC. UltraAC might be applied in limited occasions. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Maintaining the extent of AC design as small as practical without jeopardizing the root canal treatment quality remains a pragmatic recommendation. Different criteria can guide the practitioner for the optimal extent of AC outline form which varies from case to case.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benoit Ballester
- Assistance Publique Des Hôpitaux de Marseille, Marseille, France.,Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, IRD, SESSTIM, Sciences Économiques & Sociales de la Santé & Traitement de L'Information Médicale, Marseille, France
| | - Thomas Giraud
- Assistance Publique Des Hôpitaux de Marseille, Marseille, France.,Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, ISM, Inst Movement Sci, Marseille, France
| | - Hany Mohamed Aly Ahmed
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Frédéric Bukiet
- Assistance Publique Des Hôpitaux de Marseille, Marseille, France. .,Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, ISM, Inst Movement Sci, Marseille, France.
| | - Maud Guivarc'h
- Assistance Publique Des Hôpitaux de Marseille, Marseille, France.,Aix Marseille Univ, EFS/CNRS, ADES, Marseille, France
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18
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Kapetanaki I, Dimopoulos F, Gogos C. Traditional and minimally invasive access cavities in endodontics: a literature review. Restor Dent Endod 2021; 46:e46. [PMID: 34513652 PMCID: PMC8410995 DOI: 10.5395/rde.2021.46.e46] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this review was to evaluate the effects of different access cavity designs on endodontic treatment and tooth prognosis. Two independent reviewers conducted an unrestricted search of the relevant literature contained in the following electronic databases: PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, Web of Science, and OpenGrey. The electronic search was supplemented by a manual search during the same time period. The reference lists of the articles that advanced to second-round screening were hand-searched to identify additional potential articles. Experts were also contacted in an effort to learn about possible unpublished or ongoing studies. The benefits of minimally invasive access (MIA) cavities are not yet fully supported by research data. There is no evidence that this approach can replace the traditional approach of straight-line access cavities. Guided endodontics is a new method for teeth with pulp canal calcification and apical infection, but there have been no cost-benefit investigations or time studies to verify these personal opinions. Although the purpose of MIA cavities is to reflect clinicians' interest in retaining a greater amount of the dental substance, traditional cavities are the safer method for effective instrument operation and the prevention of iatrogenic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioanna Kapetanaki
- Department of Endodontology, School of Dentistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Fotis Dimopoulos
- Department of Endodontology, School of Dentistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Christos Gogos
- Department of Endodontology, School of Dentistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
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Silva EJNL, Pinto KP, Ajuz NC, Sassone LM. Ten years of minimally invasive access cavities in Endodontics: a bibliometric analysis of the 25 most-cited studies. Restor Dent Endod 2021; 46:e42. [PMID: 34513648 PMCID: PMC8411007 DOI: 10.5395/rde.2021.46.e42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study aimed to analyze the main features of the 25 most-cited articles in minimally invasive access cavities. Materials and Methods An electronic search was conducted on the Clarivate Analytics' Web of Science ‘All Databases’ to identify the most-cited articles related to this topic. Citation counts were cross-matched with data from Elsevier's Scopus and Google Scholar. Information about authors, contributing institutions and countries, year and journal of publication, study design and topic, access cavity, and keywords were analyzed. Results The top 25 most-cited articles received a total of 572 (Web of Science), 1,160 (Google Scholar) and 631 (Scopus) citations. It was observed a positive significant association between the number of citations and age of publication (r = 0.6907, p < 0.0001); however, there was no significant association regarding citation density and age of publication (r = −0.2631, p = 0.2038). The Journal of Endodontics made the highest contribution (n = 15, 60%). The United States had the largest number of publications (n = 7) followed by Brazil (n = 4), with the most contributions from the University of Tennessee and Grande Rio University (n = 3), respectively. The highest number of most-cited articles were ex vivo studies (n = 16), and ‘fracture resistance’ was the major topic studied (n = 10). Conclusions This study revealed a growing interest for researchers in the field of minimally invasive access cavities. Future trends are focused on the expansion of collaborative networks and the conduction of laboratory studies on under-investigated parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel João Nogueira Leal Silva
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Grande Rio University (UNIGRANRIO), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Rio de Janeiro State University (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Karem Paula Pinto
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Rio de Janeiro State University (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Natasha C Ajuz
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Grande Rio University (UNIGRANRIO), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Luciana Moura Sassone
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Rio de Janeiro State University (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Stress Concentration of Endodontically Treated Molars Restored with Transfixed Glass Fiber Post: 3D-Finite Element Analysis. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14154249. [PMID: 34361443 PMCID: PMC8347937 DOI: 10.3390/ma14154249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The loss of dental structure caused by endodontic treatment is responsible for a decrease in tooth resistance, which increases susceptibility to fracture. Therefore, it is important that minimally invasive treatments be performed to preserve the dental structure and increase the resistance to fracture of endodontically treated posterior teeth. To evaluate under axial loads, using the finite element method, the stress distribution in endodontically treated molars restored with both transfixed or vertical glass fiber posts (GFP) and resin composite. An endodontically treated molar 3D-model was analyzed using finite element analyses under four different conditions, class II resin composite (G1, control model), vertical glass fiber post (G2), transfixed glass fiber posts (G3) and vertical and transfixed glass fiber posts (G4). Ideal contacts were considered between restoration/resin composite and resin composite/tooth. An axial load (300 N) was applied to the occlusal surface. The resulting tensile stresses were calculated for the enamel and dentin tissue from five different viewports (occlusal, buccal, palatal, mesial and distal views). According to the stress maps, similar stress trends were observed, regardless of the glass fiber post treatment. In addition, for the G1 model (without GFP), a high-stress magnitude can be noticed in the proximal faces of enamel (7.7 to 14 MPa) and dentin (2.1 to 3.3 MPa) tissue. The use of transfixed glass fiber post is not indicated to reduce the stresses, under axial loads, in both enamel and dentin tissue in endodontically treated molar with a class II cavity.
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21
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Simon JC, Kwok JW, Vinculado F, Fried D. Computer-Controlled CO 2 Laser Ablation System for Cone-beam Computed Tomography and Digital Image Guided Endodontic Access: A Pilot Study. J Endod 2021; 47:1445-1452. [PMID: 34119563 PMCID: PMC8867881 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2021.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Ideal endodontic access provides unobstructed entry to the pulp chamber and visualization of the canal orifices while preserving the maximum amount of tooth structure. The aim of this study was to implement the use of lasers to accurately and predictably access teeth to follow the principles of minimally invasive endodontics. Methods: Traditional, conservative, ultraconservative, bridge, truss, and orifice-directed accesses were performed. A computer-controlled 9.3-μm CO2 laser ablation system was assembled and coupled with custom software capable of combining cone-beam computed tomographic (CBCT) volumetric data with spatially calibrated digital images of teeth to provide an augmented reality environment for designing and preparing endodontic accesses. Twenty (N = 20) sound posterior teeth with fully developed root canal systems were imaged with CBCT scans and accessed via laser ablation in vitro. Results: All 20 (20/20) teeth were successfully accessed without iatrogenic errors. Volumetric renderings from post-access CBCT scans were used to verify the access and determine accuracy qualitatively. The volumetric measurements of hard tissue removed were as follows: traditional = 39.41 mm3, conservative = 9.76 mm3, ultraconservative = 7.1 mm3, bridge = 11.53 mm3, truss = 19.21 mm3, and orifice directed = 16.86 mm3. Conclusions: Digital image guidance based on feature recognition and registration with CBCT data is a viable method to address the challenge of dynamic navigation for accessing the pulp chamber. Modern lasers with high pulse repetition rates integrated with computer-controlled scanning systems are suitable for the efficient cutting of dental hard tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob C Simon
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dental Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California.
| | - Jason W Kwok
- Department of Endodontology, University of Connecticut, Farmington, Connecticut
| | - Frank Vinculado
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dental Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Daniel Fried
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dental Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
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Shabbir J, Zehra T, Najmi N, Hasan A, Naz M, Piasecki L, Azim AA. Access Cavity Preparations: Classification and Literature Review of Traditional and Minimally Invasive Endodontic Access Cavity Designs. J Endod 2021; 47:1229-1244. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2021.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Silva EJNL, Lima CO, Barbosa AFA, Augusto CM, Souza EM, Lopes RT, De-Deus G, Versiani MA. Preserving dentine in minimally invasive access cavities does not strength fracture resistance of restored mandibular molars. Int Endod J 2021; 54:966-974. [PMID: 33527413 DOI: 10.1111/iej.13487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the correlation between the volume of dental hard tissues removed and the fracture resistance of mandibular molar teeth with ultraconservative (UltraAC) or traditional (TradAC) access cavity preparations. METHODOLOGY Sixty recently extracted and intact mandibular first molars were scanned in a microcomputed tomographic (micro-CT) device, anatomically matched and assigned at random to 2 groups (n = 30), according to the access cavity type: UltraAC or TradAC. After access preparation, mesial and distal canals were prepared using Reciproc instruments and a new scan was taken. The volumes of pulp chamber and dental hard tissues in each specimen were measured before and after the experimental procedures, and the percentage volume reduction of hard tissues calculated for the entire tooth and for the crown separately. Teeth were then root filled, restored and subjected to fracture resistance tests in an universal testing machine. The force required to fracture was recorded in Newtons (N). The adherence of the variables to a Gaussian curve was verified using a Shapiro-Wilk test. Skewed data were analysed with nonparametric Wilcoxon signed rank or Spearman correlation tests, whilst the normally distributed data were analysed with a dependent samples Student t-test. Level of significance was set at 5%. RESULTS Pre-operatively, no difference was observed between groups regarding the volume of pulp canal space or dental hard tissues (P > 0.05). After access preparation, volumes of the removed hard tissues from the entire tooth and from the crown were significantly greater in teeth prepared with TradAC than with UltraAC (P < 0.05). No significant difference was observed in the fracture resistance values between TradAC (902.9 ± 347.8 N) and UltraAC (948.7 ± 405.7 N) groups (P = 0.975). The Spearman test was unable to identify a correlation between fracture resistance and percentage volume of removed dental hard tissues in the entire root (P = 0.525, r = -0.084) or only in the crown (P = 0.152, r = -0.187). CONCLUSION The volume of hard dental tissues removed, although greater in teeth with TradAC compared to UltraAC, did not correlate with the fracture resistance results, indicating that a minimally invasive access cavity did not increase the resistance of restored mandibular first molars to fracture.
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Affiliation(s)
- E J N L Silva
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Grande Rio University (UNIGRANRIO), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - C O Lima
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - A F A Barbosa
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - C M Augusto
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - E M Souza
- Department of Dentistry II, Federal University of Maranhao, São Luis, Brazil
| | - R T Lopes
- Nuclear Engineering Program, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - G De-Deus
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niterói, Brazil
| | - M A Versiani
- Oral Health Center, Brazilian Military Police, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Ramachandran P, PradeepKumar AR, Ravishankar P, Kishen A. In Vivo Strain Alterations in Mandibular Molars after Root Canal Treatment Procedures. J Endod 2020; 46:1849-1855. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2020.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2020] [Revised: 06/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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Kassis C, Khoury P, Mehanna CZ, Baba NZ, Bou Chebel F, Daou M, Hardan L. Effect of Inlays, Onlays and Endocrown Cavity Design Preparation on Fracture Resistance and Fracture Mode of Endodontically Treated Teeth: An In Vitro Study. J Prosthodont 2020; 30:625-631. [PMID: 33219727 DOI: 10.1111/jopr.13294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the fracture resistance and failure modes of endodontically treated mandibular molars restored with different designs of inlays, onlays and endocrowns. MATERIALS AND METHODS Extracted mandibular third molars (n = 180) were used. An access cavity was prepared on the occlusal surface of each tooth and the roots were obturated with gutta percha. All specimens were randomly divided into 6 groups (n = 30/group) according to the cavity design and the restoration material used. C: control group without access cavity preparation. IE: MOD inlay preparation with EverX Posterior (GC Europe) in the pulp chamber. IG: MOD inlay preparation with G-aenial Universal Flo (GC America) in the pulp chamber. OE: onlay preparation with EverX Posterior (GC Europe) in the pulp chamber. OG: onlay preparation with G-aenial Universal Flo (GC America) in the pulp chamber. EC: endocrown with an empty pulp chamber. All restorations were fabricated with CAD/CAM system using CERASMART® (GC Dental products Europe, Belgium) CAD/CAM blocks. Specimens were thermal-cycled and were subjected to a compressive load applied at 30° angle relative to the long axis of the tooth with a universal testing machine. Results were statistically analyzed by ANOVA followed by Tukey post hoc tests. Chi-square test and Fisher Exact tests were used for the comparisons among groups. RESULTS The mean fracture strength was significantly different between the groups (p < 0.001); it was significantly highest for intact teeth, followed by endocrowns (p = 0.021). The strength was significantly lower for inlays (with G-aenial Universal Flo and EverX Posterior), intermediate for onlays with EverX Posterior followed by onlays with G-aenial Universal Flo. CONCLUSIONS Endocrowns exhibited higher fracture resistance than other tested composite resin groups. Endocrowns and onlays showed a more favorable failure mode than inlay restorations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia Kassis
- Department of Esthetic and Restorative Dentistry, Saint-Joseph University, School of Dentistry, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Pierre Khoury
- Department of Prosthodontics, Lebanese University, School of Dentistry, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Carina Z Mehanna
- Department of Esthetic and Restorative Dentistry, Saint-Joseph University, School of Dentistry, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Nadim Z Baba
- Advanced Education Program in Implant Dentistry, Loma Linda University, School of Dentistry, Loma Linda, CA
| | - Fadi Bou Chebel
- Esthetic and Restorative Dentistry, Saint-Joseph University, School of Dentistry, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Maha Daou
- Dental Materials, Saint-Joseph University, School of Dentistry, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Louis Hardan
- Esthetic and Restorative Dentistry, Saint-Joseph University, School of Dentistry, Beirut, Lebanon
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Silva EJNL, Pinto KP, Ferreira CM, Belladonna FG, De-Deus G, Dummer PMH, Versiani MA. Current status on minimal access cavity preparations: a critical analysis and a proposal for a universal nomenclature. Int Endod J 2020; 53:1618-1635. [PMID: 32854167 DOI: 10.1111/iej.13391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In the last decade, several access cavity designs involveing minimal removal of tooth tissue have been described for gaining entry to pulp chambers during root canal treatment. The premise behind this concept assumes that maximum preservation of as much of the pulp chamber roof as possible during access preparation would maintain the fracture resistance of teeth following root canal treatment. However, the smaller the access cavity, the more difficult it may be to visualize and debride the pulp chamber as well as locate, shape, clean and fill the canals. At the same time, a small access cavity may increase the risk of iatrogenic complications as a result of poor visibility, which may have an impact on treatment outcome. This study aimed to critically analyse the literature on minimal access cavity preparations, propose new nomenclature based on self-explanatory abbreviations and highlight the areas in which more research is required. The search was conducted without restrictions using specifics terms and descriptors in four databases. A complementary screening of the references within the selected studies, as well as a manual search in the highest impact journals in endodontics, namely International Endodontic Journal and Journal of Endodontics, was also performed. The initial search retrieved 1831 publications. The titles and abstracts of these papers were reviewed, and the full text of 94 studies was assessed. Finally, a total of 28 studies were identified as evaluating the influence of minimally invasive access cavity designs on the fracture resistance of teeth and on the different stages of root canal treatment (orifice location, canal shaping, canal cleaning, canal filling and retreatment). Overall, the studies had major methodological drawbacks and reported inadequate and/or inconclusive results on the utility of minimally invasive access preparations. Furthermore, they offered limited scientific evidence to support the use of minimally invasive access cavities to improve the outcome of root canal treatment and retreatment; they also provided little evidence that they preserved the fracture resistance of root filled teeth to a greater extent than traditional access cavity preparations. It was concluded that at present, there is a lack of supporting evidence for the introduction of minimally invasive access cavity preparation into routine clinical practice and/or training of undergraduate and postgraduate students.
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Affiliation(s)
- E J N L Silva
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Grande Rio University (UNIGRANRIO), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.,Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Rio de Janeiro State University (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.,Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - K P Pinto
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Rio de Janeiro State University (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - C M Ferreira
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Rio de Janeiro State University (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - F G Belladonna
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - G De-Deus
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - P M H Dummer
- School of Dentistry, College of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - M A Versiani
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niterói, RJ, Brazil
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Barbosa AFA, Silva EJNL, Coelho BP, Ferreira CMA, Lima CO, Sassone LM. The influence of endodontic access cavity design on the efficacy of canal instrumentation, microbial reduction, root canal filling and fracture resistance in mandibular molars. Int Endod J 2020; 53:1666-1679. [DOI: 10.1111/iej.13383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. F. A. Barbosa
- Department of Endodontics School of Dentistry State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ) Rio de JaneiroBrazil
| | - E. J. N. L. Silva
- Department of Endodontics School of Dentistry State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ) Rio de JaneiroBrazil
- Department of Endodontics School of Dentistry Grande Rio University (UNIGRANRIO) Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - B. P. Coelho
- Department of Endodontics School of Dentistry State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ) Rio de JaneiroBrazil
| | - C. M. A. Ferreira
- Department of Endodontics School of Dentistry State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ) Rio de JaneiroBrazil
| | - C. O. Lima
- Department of Endodontics School of Dentistry State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ) Rio de JaneiroBrazil
| | - L. M. Sassone
- Department of Endodontics School of Dentistry State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ) Rio de JaneiroBrazil
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Gambarini G, Galli M, Morese A, Stefanelli LV, Abduljabbar F, Giovarruscio M, Di Nardo D, Seracchiani M, Testarelli L. Precision of Dynamic Navigation to Perform Endodontic Ultraconservative Access Cavities: A Preliminary In Vitro Analysis. J Endod 2020; 46:1286-1290. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2020.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Revised: 05/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Abstract
New minimally invasive endodontic cavities have been described and proposed to preserve dentin (and enamel) through strategic access, including point endodontic access cavity (PEAC). There is no consensus to what extent PEAC contributes to tooth’s resistance to fracture, because there is no agreement on how PEAC should be performed. The purpose of the present study is to describe and classify four different types of PEACs and to examine if a dynamic navigation system /DNS) could allow planning and precisely executing these cavities in vitro. Forty TrueTooth TM Replica # 3-001 models, were randomly divided into four identical groups of ten and scanned using a cone bean computed tomography (OP-Maxio 300, Instrumentarium-Kavo, Finland). Then, four different access cavities were planned and performed by using DNS (Navident dynamic navigation system, ClaroNav, Toronto, ON, Canada). For each tooth, a different PEAC was designed to obtain endodontic access to the main mesio-buccal canal (MB1), resulting in a different location of the entry point on the occlusal surface of the tooth. Precision was evaluated by comparing deviation in the inclinations between the planned and real cavity. Data were recorded and statistically analyzed. DNS allowed preparation of minimally invasive “straight line” cavities, with some differences in the accuracy.
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Impact of Contracted Endodontic Cavities on Root Canal Disinfection and Shaping. J Endod 2020; 46:655-661. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2020.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Saberi EA, Pirhaji A, Zabetiyan F. Effects of Endodontic Access Cavity Design and Thermocycling on Fracture Strength of Endodontically Treated Teeth. Clin Cosmet Investig Dent 2020; 12:149-156. [PMID: 32368154 PMCID: PMC7185324 DOI: 10.2147/ccide.s236815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction This study aimed to assess the fracture strength of endodontically treated mandibular molars with traditional endodontic access cavity (TEC) and truss endodontic access cavity (TREC) designs that were restored with composite resin and underwent thermocycling. Methods Sixty mandibular first and second molars were randomly divided into 6 groups (n=10) of intact controls without thermocycling (group 1), intact controls with thermocycling (group 2), TEC without thermocycling (group 3), TEC with thermocycling (TEC-TC, group 4), TREC without thermocycling (group 5) and TREC with thermocycling (TREC-TC, group 6). The root canals were then instrumented to #25,7% using nickel-titanium files and were filled with gutta-percha and AH26 sealer with lateral compaction technique. Access cavity was restored with Gradia composite. All teeth were then thermocycled for 480 cycles between 5°C and 55°C for 30 seconds and their fracture strength was measured in a universal testing machine with a round-end piston with 6 mm diameter at a speed of 1 mm/min. Data were analyzed using two-way and one-way ANOVA. Results Without thermocycling, the fracture strength of endodontically treated teeth with TREC designs had no significant difference with the control group (P>0.05). However, both TEC and TREC designs significantly decreased the fracture strength of endodontically treated teeth after thermocycling (P<0.05), such that minimum fracture strength was noted in TEC-TC group. Conclusion Under the conditions of this ex vivo study, TREC enhances the fracture strength of endodontically treated teeth under thermal stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eshagh Ali Saberi
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral and Dental Diseases Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Arezoo Pirhaji
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Zabetiyan
- General Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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