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He Y, Zhang Y, Hu F, Chen M, Wang B, Li Y, Xu H, Dong N, Zhang C, Hu Y, Lin Z, Peng Y, Ye Q, Luo L. Photosensitive Hydrogels Encapsulating DPSCs and AgNPs for Dental Pulp Regeneration. Int Dent J 2024; 74:836-846. [PMID: 38369441 DOI: 10.1016/j.identj.2024.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Pulp regeneration with bioactive dentin-pulp complex has been a research hotspot in recent years. Stem cell therapy provided an interest strategy to regenerate the dental-pulp complex. Hence, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of photosensitive gelatin methacrylate (GelMA) hydrogel encapsulating dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) for dental pulp regeneration in vitro. METHODS First, the AgNPs@GelMA hydrogels were prepared by lithium phenyl-2,4,6-trimethyl-benzoyl phosphinate (LAP) initiation via blue-light emitting diode light. The physical and chemical properties of AgNPs@GelMA hydrogels were comprehensively analysed via scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and mechanical characterisation, such as swelling ability, degradation properties, and AgNP release profile. Then, AgNPs@GelMA hydrogels encapsulated DPSCs were used to establish an AgNPs@GelMA biomimetic complex, further analysing its biocompatibility, antibacterial properties, and angiogenic capacity in vitro. RESULTS The results indicated that GelMA hydrogels demontrated optimal characteristics with a monomer:LAP ratio of 16:1. The physico-chemical properties of AgNPs@GelMA hydrogels did not change significantly after loading with AgNPs. There was no significant difference in AgNP release rate amongst different concentrations of AgNPs@GelMA hydrogels. Fifty to 200 μg/mL AgNPs@GelMA hydrogels could disperse E faecalis biofilm and reduce its metabolic activity . Furthermore, cell proliferation was arrested in 100 and 200 μg/mL AgNPs@GelMA hydrogels. The inhibition of 50 μg/mL AgNPs@GelMA hydrogels on E faecalis biofilm was above 50%, and the cell viability of the hydrogels was higher than 90%. The angiogenesis assay indicated that AgNPs@GelMA hydrogels encapsulating DPSCs could induce the formation of capillary-like structures and express angiogenic markers CD31, vascular endothelial growth factor , and von willebrand factor (vWF) in vitro. CONCLUSIONS Results of this study indicate that 50 μg/mL AgNPs@GelMA hydrogels encapsulating DPSCs had significant antibacterial properties and angiogenic capacity, which could provide a significant experimental basis for the regeneration of the dentin-pulp complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan He
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China; Tianyou Hospital, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanni Zhang
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fengting Hu
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Min Chen
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ben Wang
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yejian Li
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Haichao Xu
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Na Dong
- Oujiang Laboratory, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chen Zhang
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yunfan Hu
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhiqiang Lin
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Youjian Peng
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Stomatology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qingsong Ye
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China; Center of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Stomatology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
| | - Lihua Luo
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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Dos Reis-Prado AH, Maia CA, Nunes GP, de Arantes LC, Abreu LG, Duncan HF, Bottino MC, Benetti F. Top 100 most-cited scientific articles in regenerative endodontics 2019-2023: A bibliometric analysis. Int Endod J 2024. [PMID: 38949098 DOI: 10.1111/iej.14117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bibliometric analysis is a critical indicator of the influence and relevance of scientific papers, whilst also highlighting key contributors and gaps in knowledge in a scientific field. OBJECTIVES To update and analyse the 100 most-cited papers in regenerative endodontics from 2019 to 2023. METHODS A search of the most-cited recent papers focusing on regenerative endodontics using journals included in the category, 'Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine', in the Clarivate Web of Science database from 2019 to 2023 was performed. Three researchers conducted the study selection and data extraction. Data extraction included publication title and year, authors, number and mean number of citations, institution, country and continent, study design, journal title, keywords and research topic. Citation counts were also collected in Google Scholar and Scopus databases. Graphical bibliometric networks were created using VOSviewer software. RESULTS The number of citations of the 100 most-cited articles ranged from 6 to 85. Most were published in 2020 (n = 48), principally in the Journal of Endodontics (47%), followed by International Endodontic Journal (13%), Journal of Dental Research (6%) and Dental Materials (6%). Laboratory study was the most common study design amongst the included papers (n = 47), followed by narrative reviews (n = 17) and observational studies (n = 16). The most frequent first author on the top three most-cited papers was Hacer Aksel, whilst Adham A. Azim (n = 6; 89 citations) contributed most to the top 100 articles. The institution from which most articles originated was the University of Hong Kong (China) (n = 5; 81 citations), whereas the corresponding authors were predominantly from the United States of America (USA) (n = 31; 560 citations). The VOSviewer map of co-authorship demonstrated research collaborative clusters. 'Regenerative endodontics' and 'stem-cells' were the most employed keywords (37 and 36 occurrences respectively). DISCUSSION The current study was designed not only to showcase the most influential papers in regenerative endodontics since 2019 but also to provide a better understanding of global research in this area over the last five years. CONCLUSIONS This bibliometric analysis highlighted papers, authors, institutions and keywords in regenerative endodontics. The 100 most-cited papers primarily consisted of laboratory studies published in the USA, focusing on evaluating biomaterials and scaffold design strategies in contact with stem cells. Clinical studies and systematic reviews representing higher levels of scientific evidence are currently not the most influential in the regenerative endodontic field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Henrique Dos Reis-Prado
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), School of Dentistry, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
- Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences and Endodontics, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Caroline Andrade Maia
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), School of Dentistry, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Pereira Nunes
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - Lara Cancella de Arantes
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), School of Dentistry, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Lucas Guimarães Abreu
- Department of Child's and Adolescent's Oral Health, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), School of Dentistry, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Henry F Duncan
- Division of Restorative Dentistry and Periodontology, Dublin Dental University Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Marco C Bottino
- Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences and Endodontics, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Francine Benetti
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), School of Dentistry, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
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Li Z, Wang H, Li K, Wang W, Ma J, Liu Z, Li B, Li J, Han F, Xiao C. Combining "waste utilization" and "tissue to tissue" strategies to accelerate vascularization for bone repair. J Orthop Translat 2024; 47:132-143. [PMID: 39027342 PMCID: PMC11254838 DOI: 10.1016/j.jot.2024.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Background A pivotal determinant for the success of tissue regeneration lies in the establishment of sufficient vasculature. Utilizing autologous tissue grafts from donors offers the dual advantage of mitigating the risk of disease transmission and circumventing the necessity for post-transplant immunosuppression, rendering it an exemplary vascularization strategy. Among the various potential autologous donors, adipose tissue emerges as a particularly auspicious source, being both widely available and compositionally rich. Notably, adipose-derived microvascular fragments (ad-MVFs) are a promising candidate for vascularization. ad-MVFs can be isolated from adipose tissue in a short period of time and show high vascularized capacity. In this study, we extracted ad-MVFs from adipose tissue and utilized their strong angiogenic ability to accelerate bone repair by promoting vascularization. Methods ad-MVFs were extracted from the rat epididymis using enzymatic hydrolysis. To preserve the integrity of the blood vessels, gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) hydrogel was chosen as the carrier for ad-MVFs in three-dimensional (3D) culture. The ad-MVFs were cultured directly on the well plates for two-dimensional (2D) culture as a control. The morphology of ad-MVFs was observed under both 2D and 3D cultures, and the release levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) were assessed under both culture conditions. In vitro studies investigated the impact of ad-MVFs/GelMA hydrogel on the toxicity, osteoblastic activity, and mineralization of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (rBMSCs), along with the examination of osteogenic gene and protein expression. In vivo experiments involved implanting the ad-MVFs/GelMA hydrogel into critical-size skull defects in rats, and its osteogenic ability was evaluated through radiographic and histological methods. Results ad-MVFs were successfully isolated from rat adipose tissue. When cultured under 2D conditions, ad-MVFs exhibited a gradual disintegration and loss of their original vascular morphology. Compared with 2D culture, ad-MVFs can not only maintain the original vascular morphology, but also connect into a network in hydrogel under 3D culture condition. Moreover, the release levels of VEGF and BMP-2 were significantly higher than those in 2D culture. Moreover, the ad-MVFs/GelMA hydrogel exhibited superior osteoinductive activity. After implanting into the skull defect of rats, the ad-MVFs/GelMA hydrogel showed obvious effects for angiogenesis and osteogenesis. The translational potential of this article The utilization of autologous adipose tissue as a donor presents a more direct route toward clinical translation. Anticipated future clinical applications envision the transformation of discarded adipose tissue into a valuable resource for personalized tissue repair, thereby realizing a paradigm shift in the utilization of this abundant biological material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zexi Li
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huan Wang
- Medical 3D Printing Center, Orthopedic Institute, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kexin Li
- Medical 3D Printing Center, Orthopedic Institute, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Weishan Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Jinjin Ma
- Medical 3D Printing Center, Orthopedic Institute, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhao Liu
- Medical 3D Printing Center, Orthopedic Institute, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
- National University of Singapore Suzhou Research Institute, Suzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bin Li
- Medical 3D Printing Center, Orthopedic Institute, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiaying Li
- Medical 3D Printing Center, Orthopedic Institute, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fengxuan Han
- Medical 3D Printing Center, Orthopedic Institute, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Can Xiao
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
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You X, Chen K, Li J, Xu Y, Gao J, Yao Y. Human Adipose-Derived Microvessel Fragments: A Natural Vascularization Units for Ischemic Diseases. Aesthetic Plast Surg 2024:10.1007/s00266-024-04062-6. [PMID: 38777930 DOI: 10.1007/s00266-024-04062-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In plastic surgery tissue transplantation, tissue ischemia limits transplanted tissue survival. Adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) and stromal vascular fraction (SVF) show potential for promoting angiogenesis and rescuing ischemic conditions. However, when SVF and ASC suspensions are utilized without the protection of extracellular matrix, the retention rate of transplanted cells tends to be diminished, leading to an unsatisfactory therapeutic outcome. To overcome this, adipose tissue-derived microvascular fragments (ad-MVFs) have emerged as a promising solution. METHODS We conducted enzymatic digestion on human adipose tissue to generate ad-MVFs. These fragments underwent a thorough characterization process, utilizing electron microscopy to assess their structural attributes and enabling a detailed analysis of their intricate morphology. Furthermore, our team investigated the cellular composition of these microvascular fragments, subsequently confirming their ability to enhance the viability of ischemic skin flaps. RESULTS The resulting product primarily comprised fragments with sizes ranging from 20 to 50 µm, and some exhibited a sophisticated network-like structure. Electron microscopy examination revealed the presence of collagen components in the product. Additionally, flow cytometry analysis indicated a substantial abundance of adipose-derived stem cells and endothelial cells within these microvascular fragments. Significantly, when tested in treating an ischemic skin flap in a nude mouse model, the product exhibited superior therapeutic efficacy compared to SVF cell suspension. CONCLUSION We have successfully generated human ad-MVFs and established standardized procedures. Compared with SVF, Ad-MVFs have a better effect in the treatment of ischemic diseases. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE II This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin You
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou North Road, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Kaiqi Chen
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou North Road, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Li
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou North Road, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - YiDan Xu
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou North Road, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - JianHua Gao
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou North Road, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yao Yao
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou North Road, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
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Wei X, Xu H, Zhou M, Zhou Q, Li M, Liu Y. Chemically modified microRNA delivery via DNA tetrahedral frameworks for dental pulp regeneration. J Nanobiotechnology 2024; 22:150. [PMID: 38575923 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-024-02393-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Dental pulp regeneration is a promising strategy for addressing tooth disorders. Incorporating this strategy involves the fundamental challenge of establishing functional vascular networks using dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) to support tissue regeneration. Current therapeutic approaches lack efficient and stable methods for activating DPSCs. In the study, we used a chemically modified microRNA (miRNA)-loaded tetrahedral-framework nucleic acid nanostructure to promote DPSC-mediated angiogenesis and dental pulp regeneration. Incorporating chemically modified miR-126-3p into tetrahedral DNA nanostructures (miR@TDNs) represents a notable advancement in the stability and efficacy of miRNA delivery into DPSCs. These nanostructures enhanced DPSC proliferation, migration, and upregulated angiogenesis-related genes, enhancing their paracrine signaling effects on endothelial cells. This enhanced effect was substantiated by improvements in endothelial cell tube formation, migration, and gene expression. Moreover, in vivo investigations employing matrigel plug assays and ectopic dental pulp transplantation confirmed the potential of miR@TDNs in promoting angiogenesis and facilitating dental pulp regeneration. Our findings demonstrated the potential of chemically modified miRNA-loaded nucleic acid nanostructures in enhancing DPSC-mediated angiogenesis and supporting dental pulp regeneration. These results highlighted the promising role of chemically modified nucleic acid-based delivery systems as therapeutic agents in regenerative dentistry and tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoling Wei
- Shanghai Stomatological Hospital and School of Stomatology, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200001, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Craniomaxillofacial Development and Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200001, China
| | - Huaxing Xu
- Shanghai Stomatological Hospital and School of Stomatology, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200001, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Craniomaxillofacial Development and Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200001, China
| | - Mengqi Zhou
- Shanghai Stomatological Hospital and School of Stomatology, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200001, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Craniomaxillofacial Development and Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200001, China
| | - Qiangqiang Zhou
- Shanghai Stomatological Hospital and School of Stomatology, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200001, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Craniomaxillofacial Development and Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200001, China
| | - Mingqiang Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, National Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
| | - Yuehua Liu
- Shanghai Stomatological Hospital and School of Stomatology, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200001, China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Craniomaxillofacial Development and Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200001, China.
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Kong L, Li J, Bai Y, Xu S, Zhang L, Chen W, Gao L, Wang F. Inhibition of soluble epoxide hydrolase enhances the dentin-pulp complex regeneration mediated by crosstalk between vascular endothelial cells and dental pulp stem cells. J Transl Med 2024; 22:61. [PMID: 38229161 PMCID: PMC10790489 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-04863-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Revascularization and restoration of normal pulp-dentin complex are important for tissue-engineered pulp regeneration. Recently, a unique periodontal tip-like endothelial cells subtype (POTCs) specialized to dentinogenesis was identified. We have confirmed that TPPU, a soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) inhibitor targeting epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) metabolism, promotes bone growth and regeneration by angiogenesis and osteogenesis coupling. We hypothesized that TPPU could also promote revascularization and induce POTCs to contribute to pulp-dentin complex regeneration. Here, we in vitro and in vivo characterized the potential effect of TPPU on the coupling of angiogenesis and odontogenesis and investigated the relevant mechanism, providing new ideas for pulp-dentin regeneration by targeting sEH. METHODS In vitro effects of TPPU on the proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs), human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and cocultured DPSCs and HUVECs were detected using cell counting kit 8 (CCK8) assay, wound healing, transwell, tube formation and RT-qPCR. In vivo, Matrigel plug assay was performed to outline the roles of TPPU in revascularization and survival of grafts. Then we characterized the VEGFR2 + POTCs around odontoblast layer in the molar of pups from C57BL/6 female mice gavaged with TPPU. Finally, the root segments with DPSCs mixed with Matrigel were implanted subcutaneously in BALB/c nude mice treated with TPPU and the root grafts were isolated for histological staining. RESULTS In vitro, TPPU significantly promoted the migration and tube formation capability of cocultured DPSCs and HUVECs. ALP and ARS staining and RT-qPCR showed that TPPU promoted the osteogenic and odontogenic differentiation of cultured cells, treatment with an anti-TGF-β blocking antibody abrogated this effect. Knockdown of HIF-1α in HUVECs significantly reversed the effect of TPPU on the expression of angiogenesis, osteogenesis and odontogenesis-related genes in cocultured cells. Matrigel plug assay showed that TPPU increased VEGF/VEGFR2-expressed cells in transplanted grafts. TPPU contributed to angiogenic-odontogenic coupling featured by increased VEGFR2 + POTCs and odontoblast maturation during early dentinogenesis in molar of newborn pups from C57BL/6 female mice gavaged with TPPU. TPPU induced more dental pulp-like tissue with more vessels and collagen fibers in transplanted root segment. CONCLUSIONS TPPU promotes revascularization of dental pulp regeneration by enhancing migration and angiogenesis of HUVECs, and improves odontogenic differentiation of DPSCs by TGF-β. TPPU boosts the angiogenic-odontogenic coupling by enhancing VEGFR2 + POTCs meditated odontoblast maturation partly via upregulating HIF-1α, which contributes to increasing pulp-dentin complex for tissue-engineered pulp regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingwenyao Kong
- School of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 West Section, Lvshun South Road, Dalian, 116044, People's Republic of China
- Academician Laboratory of Immune and Oral Development & Regeneration, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Juanjuan Li
- School of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 West Section, Lvshun South Road, Dalian, 116044, People's Republic of China
- Academician Laboratory of Immune and Oral Development & Regeneration, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yuwen Bai
- School of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 West Section, Lvshun South Road, Dalian, 116044, People's Republic of China
- Academician Laboratory of Immune and Oral Development & Regeneration, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Shaoyang Xu
- School of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 West Section, Lvshun South Road, Dalian, 116044, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Zhang
- School of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 West Section, Lvshun South Road, Dalian, 116044, People's Republic of China
| | - Weixian Chen
- School of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 West Section, Lvshun South Road, Dalian, 116044, People's Republic of China
- Academician Laboratory of Immune and Oral Development & Regeneration, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Lu Gao
- School of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 West Section, Lvshun South Road, Dalian, 116044, People's Republic of China.
- Academician Laboratory of Immune and Oral Development & Regeneration, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.
- The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.
| | - Fu Wang
- School of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 West Section, Lvshun South Road, Dalian, 116044, People's Republic of China.
- Academician Laboratory of Immune and Oral Development & Regeneration, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.
- The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.
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Meßner FC, Metzger W, Marschall JE, Bickelmann C, Menger MD, Laschke MW. Generation of Connective Tissue-Free Microvascular Fragment Isolates from Subcutaneous Fat Tissue of Obese Mice. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2023; 20:1079-1090. [PMID: 37783934 PMCID: PMC10645785 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-023-00571-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Microvascular fragment (MVF) isolates are generated by short-term enzymatic digestion of adipose tissue and contain numerous vessel segments for the vascularization of tissue defects. Recent findings indicate that the functionality of these isolates is determined by the quality of the fat source. Therefore, we compared MVF isolates from subcutaneous adipose tissue of obese and lean mice. METHODS MVF isolates were generated from subcutaneous adipose tissue of donor mice, which received a high fat or control diet for 12 weeks. The isolates were analyzed in vitro and in vivo. RESULTS Feeding of mice with a high fat diet induced obesity with adipocyte hypertrophy, resulting in a significantly lower collagen fraction and microvessel density within the subcutaneous fat depots when compared to lean controls. Accordingly, MVF isolates from obese mice also contained a reduced number of MVF per mL adipose tissue. However, these MVF tended to be longer and, in contrast to MVF from lean mice, were not contaminated with collagen fibers. Hence, they could be freely seeded onto collagen-glycosaminoglycan scaffolds, whereas MVF from lean controls were trapped in between large amounts of collagen fibers that clogged the pores of the scaffolds. In line with these results, scaffolds seeded with MVF isolates from obese mice exhibited a significantly improved in vivo vascularization after implantation into full-thickness skin defects. CONCLUSION Subcutaneous adipose tissue from obese mice facilitates the generation of connective tissue-free MVF isolates. Translated to clinical conditions, these findings suggest that particularly obese patients may benefit from MVF-based vascularization strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Friederike C Meßner
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Surgery, Saarland University, 66421, Homburg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Metzger
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Saarland University, 66421, Homburg, Germany
| | - Julia E Marschall
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Surgery, Saarland University, 66421, Homburg, Germany
| | - Caroline Bickelmann
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Surgery, Saarland University, 66421, Homburg, Germany
| | - Michael D Menger
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Surgery, Saarland University, 66421, Homburg, Germany
| | - Matthias W Laschke
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Surgery, Saarland University, 66421, Homburg, Germany.
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Liu D, Shi B, Zhou W, Tao G. Exosomes from hypoxia-conditioned apical papilla stem cells accelerate angiogenesis in vitro through Notch/JAG1/VEGF signaling. Tissue Cell 2023; 84:102197. [PMID: 37595532 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2023.102197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
Abstract
Dental pulp angiogenesis is a committed step in pulp regeneration therapy, and exosomes provide a new cell-free choice for tissue regeneration. This study revealed the underlying regulatory mechanism of exosomes from stem cells of the apical papilla (SCAPs) under hypoxic state on angiogenesis of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) in vitro. Exosomes extracted from normoxia or hypoxia-pretreated SCAPs were co-cultured with HUVECs, and hypoxia pretreatment increased the release of exosomes and the internalization of exosomes by HUVECs. Compared to normoxic SCAPs-derived exosomes, exosomes from hypoxic SCAPs were found to promote cell proliferation and migration in HUVECs, as it was respectively determined by Cell Counting Kit-8, RT-qPCR and Transwell assay. Besides, hypoxia-educated SCAPs-exosomes especially enhanced the angiogenesis abilities of HUVECs in vitro, which were confirmed by tube formation assay and RT-qPCR detection of angiogenesis-related molecular markers. Interestingly, we found that the hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α)/Notch1 signaling pathway was activated in hypoxic SCAPs, and protein jagged-1 (JAG1) was delivered by hypoxic SCAPs-derived exosomes to increase vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) production in HUVECs. Moreover, exogenous interference of JAG1 expression in HUVECs partially neutralized the activities of hypoxic SCAPs-exosomes in promoting cell proliferation, migration and tube formation of HUVECs. In summary, this study elucidates that exosomes from hypoxic SCAPs shows high potential to promote angiogenesis in vitro through the HIF-1α/JAG1/VEGF signaling cascade, which may provide a new perspective for the development of vascular reconstruction measures during dental regeneration engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Liu
- Department of Stomatology, Heilongjiang Provincial Hospital, Harbin 150010, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Binwei Shi
- Department of Stomatology, Heilongjiang Provincial Hospital, Harbin 150010, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Wenting Zhou
- Department of Stomatology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150070, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Guannan Tao
- Department of Stomatology, Heilongjiang Provincial Hospital, Harbin 150010, Heilongjiang, China.
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9
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Park GT, Lim JK, Choi EB, Lim MJ, Yun BY, Kim DK, Yoon JW, Hong YG, Chang JH, Bae SH, Ahn JY, Kim JH. Transplantation of adipose tissue-derived microvascular fragments promotes therapy of critical limb ischemia. Biomater Res 2023; 27:70. [PMID: 37455318 DOI: 10.1186/s40824-023-00395-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adipose tissue-derived microvascular fragments are functional vessel segments derived from arterioles, capillaries, and veins. Microvascular fragments can be used as vascularization units in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering containing microvascular networks. However, the in vivo therapeutic and vascularization properties of human microvascular fragments have not been investigated. METHODS In this study, we isolated microvascular fragments, stromal vascular fractions, and mesenchymal stem cells from human lipoaspirate and studied their therapeutic efficacy and in vivo vasculogenic activity in a murine model of hindlimb ischemia. In addition, in vivo angiogenic activity and engraftment of microvascular fragments into blood vessels were measured using Matrigel plug assay. RESULTS Both microvascular fragments and stromal vascular fractions contain not only mesenchymal stem cells but also endothelial progenitor cells. In a Matrigel plug assay, microvascular fragments increased the number of blood vessels containing red blood cells more than mesenchymal stem cells and stromal vascular fractions did. The engraftment of the microvascular fragments transplanted in blood vessels within the Matrigel plug significantly increased compared to the engraftment of mesenchymal stem cells and stromal vascular fractions. Moreover, intramuscular injection of microvascular fragments markedly increased blood flow in the ischemic hindlimbs and alleviated tissue necrosis compared to that of mesenchymal stem cells or stromal vascular fractions. Furthermore, transplanted microvascular fragments formed new blood vessels in ischemic limbs. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that microvascular fragments show improved engraftment efficiency and vasculogenic activity in vivo and are highly useful for treating ischemic diseases and in tissue engineering. Adipose tissue-derived microvascular fragments are vascularization units in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering containing microvascular networks. Intramuscular injection of microvascular fragments markedly increased blood flow in the ischemic hindlimbs and alleviated tissue necrosis. The present study suggests that microvascular fragments show improved engraftment efficiency and vasculogenic activity in vivo and are highly useful for treating ischemic diseases and in tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyu Tae Park
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do, 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Kyung Lim
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do, 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Bae Choi
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do, 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Ju Lim
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do, 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo-Young Yun
- UVA Surgery Clinic, Busan, 47537, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Kyoung Kim
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do, 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Won Yoon
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do, 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Gi Hong
- BS The Body Aesthetic Plastic Surgery Clinic, Busan, 47287, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Hoon Chang
- BS The Body Aesthetic Plastic Surgery Clinic, Busan, 47287, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Hwan Bae
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, College of Medicine, Pusan National University, Busan, Gyeongsangnam-do, 49241, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Yong Ahn
- UVA Surgery Clinic, Busan, 47537, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jae Ho Kim
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do, 50612, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Physiology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do, 50612, Republic of Korea.
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10
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Ruan Q, Tan S, Guo L, Ma D, Wen J. Prevascularization techniques for dental pulp regeneration: potential cell sources, intercellular communication and construction strategies. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1186030. [PMID: 37274160 PMCID: PMC10232868 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1186030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the difficulties of pulp regeneration is the rapid vascularization of transplanted engineered tissue, which is crucial for the initial survival of the graft and subsequent pulp regeneration. At present, prevascularization techniques, as emerging techniques in the field of pulp regeneration, has been proposed to solve this challenge and have broad application prospects. In these techniques, endothelial cells and pericytes are cocultured to induce intercellular communication, and the cell coculture is then introduced into the customized artificial vascular bed or induced to self-assembly to simulate the interaction between cells and extracellular matrix, which would result in construction of a prevascularization system, preformation of a functional capillary network, and rapid reconstruction of a sufficient blood supply in engineered tissue after transplantation. However, prevascularization techniques for pulp regeneration remain in their infancy, and there remain unresolved problems regarding cell sources, intercellular communication and the construction of prevascularization systems. This review focuses on the recent advances in the application of prevascularization techniques for pulp regeneration, considers dental stem cells as a potential cell source of endothelial cells and pericytes, discusses strategies for their directional differentiation, sketches the mechanism of intercellular communication and the potential application of communication mediators, and summarizes construction strategies for prevascularized systems. We also provide novel ideas for the extensive application and follow-up development of prevascularization techniques for dental pulp regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Dandan Ma
- *Correspondence: Dandan Ma, ; Jun Wen,
| | - Jun Wen
- *Correspondence: Dandan Ma, ; Jun Wen,
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11
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Weinzierl A, Harder Y, Schmauss D, Menger MD, Laschke MW. Microvascular Fragments Protect Ischemic Musculocutaneous Flap Tissue from Necrosis by Improving Nutritive Tissue Perfusion and Suppressing Apoptosis. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11051454. [PMID: 37239125 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11051454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Microvascular fragments (MVF) derived from enzymatically digested adipose tissue are functional vessel segments that have been shown to increase the survival rate of surgical flaps. However, the underlying mechanisms have not been clarified so far. To achieve this, we raised random-pattern musculocutaneous flaps on the back of wild-type mice and mounted them into dorsal skinfold chambers. The flaps were injected with MVF that were freshly isolated from green fluorescent protein-positive (GFP+) donor mice or saline solution (control). On days 1, 3, 5, 7, and 10 after surgery, intravital fluorescence microscopy was performed for the quantitative assessment of angiogenesis, nutritive blood perfusion, and flap necrosis. Subsequently, the flaps were analyzed by histology and immunohistochemistry. The injection of MVF reduced necrosis of the ischemic flap tissue by ~20%. When compared to controls, MVF-injected flaps also displayed a significantly higher functional capillary density and number of newly formed microvessels in the transition zone, where vital tissue bordered on necrotic tissue. Immunohistochemical analyses revealed a markedly lower number of cleaved caspase-3+ apoptotic cells in the transition zone of MVF-injected flaps and a significantly increased number of CD31+ microvessels in both the flaps' base and transition zone. Up to ~10% of these microvessels were GFP+, proving their origin from injected MVF. These findings demonstrate that MVF reduce flap necrosis by increasing angiogenesis, improving nutritive tissue perfusion, and suppressing apoptosis. Hence, the injection of MVF may represent a promising strategy to reduce ischemia-induced flap necrosis in future clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Weinzierl
- Institute for Clinical & Experimental Surgery, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg/Saar, Germany
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Yves Harder
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Ospedale Regionale di Lugano, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale (EOC), 6900 Lugano, Switzerland
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera Italiana, 6900 Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Schmauss
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Ospedale Regionale di Lugano, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale (EOC), 6900 Lugano, Switzerland
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera Italiana, 6900 Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Michael D Menger
- Institute for Clinical & Experimental Surgery, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Matthias W Laschke
- Institute for Clinical & Experimental Surgery, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg/Saar, Germany
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12
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de Farias JO, Rezende TMB. Dental pulp and apical papilla cells senescence: causes, consequences, and prevention. Biogerontology 2023:10.1007/s10522-023-10029-y. [PMID: 37010664 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-023-10029-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023]
Abstract
Dental pulp under physiological conditions has a defense function, repair capacity, and important mechanisms in pathological processes. In addition, the dental papilla is involved in important defense processes and an essential function in the pulp revascularization process. It is known that dental pulp and apical papilla undergo a natural aging process, in addition to stressful situations such as bruxism, inflammation, and infections. Both aging and stressful situations can lead to cellular senescence. Some evidence indicates that the changes resulting from this cellular state can directly affect the efficiency of cells in these tissues and affect conservative and regenerative clinical treatments. Thus, it is necessary to understand the causes and consequences of cellular senescence in addition to the development of methods for senescence prevention. This review aims to provide an overview of possible causes and consequences of senescence in dental pulp and stem cells from apical papilla and discusses possible methods to prevent this cellular state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jade Ormondes de Farias
- Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Faculdade de Ciências de Saúde, Universidade de Brasília, Campus Darcy Ribeiro s/n - Asa Norte, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Taia Maria Berto Rezende
- Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Faculdade de Ciências de Saúde, Universidade de Brasília, Campus Darcy Ribeiro s/n - Asa Norte, Brasília, DF, Brazil.
- Curso de Odontologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, QS 07 Lote 01, Brasília, DF, Brazil.
- Pós-graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, SHAN 916 Módulo B Avenida W5 - Asa Norte, Campus II - Modulo C, Room C - 221, Brasília, DF, 70.790-160, Brazil.
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13
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Hu N, Li W, Jiang W, Wen J, Gu S. Creating a Microenvironment to Give Wings to Dental Pulp Regeneration-Bioactive Scaffolds. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15010158. [PMID: 36678787 PMCID: PMC9861529 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15010158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Dental pulp and periapical diseases make patients suffer from acute pain and economic loss. Although root canal therapies, as demonstrated through evidence-based medicine, can relieve symptoms and are commonly employed by dentists, it is still difficult to fully restore a dental pulp's nutrition, sensory, and immune-regulation functions. In recent years, researchers have made significant progress in tissue engineering to regenerate dental pulp in a desired microenvironment. With breakthroughs in regenerative medicine and material science, bioactive scaffolds play a pivotal role in creating a suitable microenvironment for cell survival, proliferation, and differentiation, following dental restoration and regeneration. This article focuses on current challenges and novel perspectives about bioactive scaffolds in creating a microenvironment to promote dental pulp regeneration. We hope our readers will gain a deeper understanding and new inspiration of dental pulp regeneration through our summary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Hu
- Department of Endodontics, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200011, China
- National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Weiping Li
- National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Head & Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Wentao Jiang
- Department of Endodontics, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200011, China
- National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Jin Wen
- National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China
- Department of Prosthodontics, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200011, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Advanced Dental Technology and Materials, Shanghai 200125, China
- Correspondence: (J.W.); (S.G.)
| | - Shensheng Gu
- Department of Endodontics, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200011, China
- National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China
- Correspondence: (J.W.); (S.G.)
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14
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Gao X, Ma S, Xing X, Yang J, Xu X, Liang C, Yu Y, Liu L, Liao L, Tian W. Microvessels derived from hiPSCs are a novel source for angiogenesis and tissue regeneration. J Tissue Eng 2022; 13:20417314221143240. [PMID: 36600998 PMCID: PMC9806436 DOI: 10.1177/20417314221143240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The establishment of effective vascularization represents a key challenge in regenerative medicine. Adequate sources of vascular cells and intact vessel fragments have not yet been explored. We herein examined the potential application of microvessels induced from hiPSCs for rapid angiogenesis and tissue regeneration. Microvessels were generated from human pluripotent stem cells (iMVs) under a defined induction protocol and compared with human adipose tissue-derived microvessels (ad-MVs) to illustrate the similarity and differences of the alternative source. Then, the therapeutic effect of iMVs was detected by transplantation in vivo. The renal ischemia-reperfusion model and skin damage model were applied to explore the potential effect of vascular cells derived from iMVs (iMVs-VCs). Besides, the subcutaneous transplantation model and muscle injury model were established to explore the ability of iMVs for angiogenesis and tissue regeneration. The results revealed that iMVs had remarkable similarities to natural blood vessels in structure and cellular composition, and were potent for vascular formation and self-organization. The infusion of iMVs-VCs promoted tissue repair in the renal and skin damage model through direct contribution to the reconstruction of blood vessels and modulation of the immune microenvironment. Moreover, the transplantation of intact iMVs could form a massive perfused blood vessel and promote muscle regeneration at the early stage. The infusion of iMVs-VCs could facilitate the reconstruction and regeneration of blood vessels and modulation of the immune microenvironment to restore structures and functions of damaged tissues. Meanwhile, the intact iMVs could rapidly form perfused vessels and promote muscle regeneration. With the advantages of abundant sources and high angiogenesis potency, iMVs could be a candidate source for vascularization units for regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Li Liao
- Li Liao, State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, 14# South Renmin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610018, China.
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15
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Liang Q, Liang C, Liu X, Xing X, Ma S, Huang H, Liang C, Liu L, Liao L, Tian W. Vascularized dental pulp regeneration using cell-laden microfiber aggregates. J Mater Chem B 2022; 10:10097-10111. [PMID: 36458580 DOI: 10.1039/d2tb01825j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Regeneration of dental pulp via the transplantation of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) has emerged as a novel therapy for dental pulp necrosis after inflammation and injury. However, providing sufficient oxygen and nutrients to support stem cell survival, self-renewal, and differentiation in the narrow root canal remains a great challenge. In this study, we explored a novel strategy based on cell-laden microfibers for dental pulp regeneration. Firstly, we fabricated suitable GelMA hydrogels that facilitate the survival and proliferation of DPSCs and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and possess satisfactory biomechanical properties to generate microfibers. Two kinds of GelMA microfibers were fabricated with DPSCs and HUVECs via a silicone-tube-based coagulant bath-free method. Live/dead and Ki-67 immunofluorescence staining assays identified that these two cell lines maintained high survival rate and proliferation ability in GelMA microfibers. Immunofluorescence staining confirmed that DPSCs fully spread in the microfibers and highly expressed CD90 and laminin. HUVECs positively express CD31 and VE-cad in microfibers and could migrate well in the GelMA hydrogel. In vitro permeation experiments confirmed the superiority of microfiber aggregates (MAs) in liquid permeation compared to GelMA hydrogel blocks. We further adopted an ectopic pulp regeneration assay in nude mice to validate the regeneration of the aggregates of mixed DPSC-microfibers and HUVEC-microfibers in vivo. Compared to a conventional mixture of DPSCs and HUVECs in GelMA hydrogel blocks, the aggregates of cell-laden microfibers generated more pulp-like tissue, blood vessels, and odontoblast-like cells that positively express DMP-1 and DSPP. To our knowledge, this is the first attempt to apply cell-laden MAs for pulp regeneration. Our study proposes a new solution to the challenge of pulp regeneration, which might promote the clinical translation and application of stem cell-based therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingqing Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No. 14, 3rd Section, Renmin South Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine & Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Cheng Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No. 14, 3rd Section, Renmin South Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine & Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xiaojing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No. 14, 3rd Section, Renmin South Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine & Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xiaotao Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No. 14, 3rd Section, Renmin South Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine & Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Shixing Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No. 14, 3rd Section, Renmin South Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine & Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Haisen Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No. 14, 3rd Section, Renmin South Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine & Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Chao Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No. 14, 3rd Section, Renmin South Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine & Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Lei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No. 14, 3rd Section, Renmin South Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Li Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No. 14, 3rd Section, Renmin South Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine & Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Weidong Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No. 14, 3rd Section, Renmin South Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine & Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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16
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Liang C, Liang Q, Xu X, Liu X, Gao X, Li M, Yang J, Xing X, Huang H, Tang Q, Liao L, Tian W. Bone morphogenetic protein 7 mediates stem cells migration and angiogenesis: therapeutic potential for endogenous pulp regeneration. Int J Oral Sci 2022; 14:38. [PMID: 35858911 PMCID: PMC9300630 DOI: 10.1038/s41368-022-00188-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulp loss is accompanied by the functional impairment of defense, sensory, and nutrition supply. The approach based on endogenous stem cells is a potential strategy for pulp regeneration. However, endogenous stem cell sources, exogenous regenerative signals, and neovascularization are major difficulties for pulp regeneration based on endogenous stem cells. Therefore, the purpose of our research is to seek an effective cytokines delivery strategy and bioactive materials to reestablish an ideal regenerative microenvironment for pulp regeneration. In in vitro study, we investigated the effects of Wnt3a, transforming growth factor-beta 1, and bone morphogenetic protein 7 (BMP7) on human dental pulp stem cells (h-DPSCs) and human umbilical vein endothelial cells. 2D and 3D culture systems based on collagen gel, matrigel, and gelatin methacryloyl were fabricated to evaluate the morphology and viability of h-DPSCs. In in vivo study, an ectopic nude mouse model and an in situ beagle dog model were established to investigate the possibility of pulp regeneration by implanting collagen gel loading BMP7. We concluded that BMP7 promoted the migration and odontogenic differentiation of h-DPSCs and vessel formation. Collagen gel maintained the cell adhesion, cell spreading, and cell viability of h-DPSCs in 2D or 3D culture. The transplantation of collagen gel loading BMP7 induced vascularized pulp-like tissue regeneration in vivo. The injectable approach based on collagen gel loading BMP7 might exert promising therapeutic application in endogenous pulp regeneration. BMP7 as a regenerative signaling molecule mediates stem cell migration and odontoblastic differentiation (a) and as a pro-angiogenic factor promotes revascularization of endothelial cells (b). Collagen gel supports cell adhesion, spreading, and viability (c). ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education & National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qingqing Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education & National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xun Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education & National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaojing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education & National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xin Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education & National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Maojiao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education & National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jian Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education & National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaotao Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education & National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Haisen Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education & National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qi Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education & National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education & National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Weidong Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education & National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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Liang X, Xie L, Zhang Q, Wang G, Zhang S, Jiang M, Zhang R, Yang T, Hu X, Yang Z, Tian W. Gelatin methacryloyl-alginate core-shell microcapsules as efficient delivery platforms for prevascularized microtissues in endodontic regeneration. Acta Biomater 2022; 144:242-257. [PMID: 35364321 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.03.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Combined injectable cell-laden microspheres and angiogenesis approaches are promising for functional vascularized endodontic regeneration. However, advanced microsphere designs and production techniques that benefit practical applications are rarely developed. Herein, gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA)-alginate core-shell microcapsules were fabricated to co-encapsulate human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) based on a coaxial electrostatic microdroplet technique. This technique enables high-throughput production, convenient collection, and minimal material waste. The average diameter of core-shell microcapsules was ∼359 µm, and that of GelMA cores was ∼278 µm. There were higher proliferation rates for hDPSCs and HUVECs co-encapsulated in the GelMA cores than for hDPSCs or HUVECs monoculture group. HUVECs assembled to form 3D capillary-like networks in co-culture microcapsules. Moreover, HUVECs promoted the osteo/odontogenic differentiation of hDPSCs in microcapsules. After 14 days of cultivation, prevascularized microtissues formed in microcapsules that contained abundant deposited extracellular matrix (ECM); no microcapsule aggregation occurred. In vivo studies confirmed that better microvessel formation and pulp-like tissue regeneration occurred in the co-culture group than in hDPSCs group. Thus, an effective platform for prevascularization microtissue preparation was proposed and showed great promise in endodontic regeneration and tissue engineering applications. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Cell-laden microspheres combined with the proangiogenesis approach are promising in endodontic regeneration. We proposed GelMA-alginate core-shell microcapsules generated via the coaxial electrostatic microdroplet (CEM) method, which utilizes a double-lumen needle to allow for core-shell structures to form. The microcapsules were used for co-culturing hDPSCs and HUVECs to harvest large amounts of prevascularized microtissues, which further showed improved vascularization and pulp-like tissue regeneration in vivo. This CEM method and the microcapsule system have advantages of high-throughput generation, convenient collection, and avoid aggregation during long-term culturing. We proposed a high-effective platform for mass production of prevascularized microtissues, which exhibit great promise in the clinical transformation of endodontic regeneration and other applications in regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education & National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Li Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education & National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Qingyuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education & National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Ge Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education & National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Siyuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education & National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Mingyan Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education & National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Ruitao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education & National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Ting Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education & National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xingyu Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education & National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Ziyang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education & National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Department of Stomatology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Weidong Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education & National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
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18
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Demineralized Dentin Matrix for Dental and Alveolar Bone Tissues Regeneration: An Innovative Scope Review. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2022; 19:687-701. [PMID: 35429315 PMCID: PMC9294090 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-022-00438-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Dentin is a permeable tubular composite and complex structure, and in weight, it is composed of 20% organic matrix, 10% water, and 70% hydroxyapatite crystalline matrix. Demineralization of dentin with gradient concentrations of ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid, 0.6 N hydrochloric acid, or 2% nitric acid removes a major part of the crystalline apatite and maintains a majority of collagen type I and non-collagenous proteins, which creates an osteoinductive scaffold containing numerous matrix elements and growth factors. Therefore, demineralized dentin should be considered as an excellent naturally-derived bioactive material to enhance dental and alveolar bone tissues regeneration. Method: The PubMed and Midline databases were searched in October 2021 for the relevant articles on treated dentin matrix (TDM)/demineralized dentin matrix (DDM) and their potential roles in tissue regeneration. Results: Several studies with different study designs evaluating the effect of TDM/DDM on dental and bone tissues regeneration were found. TDM/DDM was obtained from human or animal sources and processed in different forms (particles, liquid extract, hydrogel, and paste) and different shapes (sheets, slices, disc-shaped, root-shaped, and barrier membranes), with variable sizes measured in micrometers or millimeters, demineralized with different protocols regarding the concentration of demineralizing agents and exposure time, and then sterilized and preserved with different techniques. In the act of biomimetic acellular material, TDM/DDM was used for the regeneration of the dentin-pulp complex through direct pulp capping technique, and it was found to possess the ability to activate the odontogenic differentiation of stem cells resident in the pulp tissues and induce reparative dentin formation. TDM/DDM was also considered for alveolar ridge and maxillary sinus floor augmentations, socket preservation, furcation perforation repair, guided bone, and bioroot regenerations as well as bone and cartilage healing. Conclusion: To our knowledge, there are no standard procedures to adopt a specific form for a specific purpose; therefore, future studies are required to come up with a well-characterized TDM/DDM for each specific application. Likely as decellularized dermal matrix and prospectively, if the TDM/DDM is supplied in proper consistency, forms, and in different sizes with good biological properties, it can be used efficiently instead of some widely-used regenerative biomaterials. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13770-022-00438-4.
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Acosta FM, Stojkova K, Zhang J, Garcia Huitron EI, Jiang JX, Rathbone CR, Brey EM. Engineering Functional Vascularized Beige Adipose Tissue from Microvascular Fragments of Models of Healthy and Type II Diabetes Conditions. J Tissue Eng 2022; 13:20417314221109337. [PMID: 35782994 PMCID: PMC9248044 DOI: 10.1177/20417314221109337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Engineered beige adipose tissues could be used for screening therapeutic strategies or as a direct treatment for obesity and metabolic disease. Microvascular fragments are vessel structures that can be directly isolated from adipose tissue and may contain cells capable of differentiation into thermogenic, or beige, adipocytes. In this study, culture conditions were investigated to engineer three-dimensional, vascularized functional beige adipose tissue using microvascular fragments isolated from both healthy animals and a model of type II diabetes (T2D). Vascularized beige adipose tissues were engineered and exhibited increased expression of beige adipose markers, enhanced function, and improved cellular respiration. While microvascular fragments isolated from both lean and diabetic models were able to generate functional tissues, differences were observed in regard to vessel assembly and tissue function. This study introduces an approach that could be employed to engineer vascularized beige adipose tissues from a single, potentially autologous source of cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisca M. Acosta
- Department of Biomedical Engineering
and Chemical Engineering, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX,
USA
- UTSA-UTHSCSA Joint Graduate Program in
Biomedical Engineering, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and
Structural Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX,
USA
| | - Katerina Stojkova
- Department of Biomedical Engineering
and Chemical Engineering, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX,
USA
| | - Jingruo Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and
Structural Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX,
USA
| | - Eric Ivan Garcia Huitron
- Department of Biomedical Engineering
and Chemical Engineering, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX,
USA
| | - Jean X. Jiang
- Department of Biochemistry and
Structural Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX,
USA
| | - Christopher R. Rathbone
- Department of Biomedical Engineering
and Chemical Engineering, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX,
USA
- UTSA-UTHSCSA Joint Graduate Program in
Biomedical Engineering, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Eric M. Brey
- Department of Biomedical Engineering
and Chemical Engineering, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX,
USA
- UTSA-UTHSCSA Joint Graduate Program in
Biomedical Engineering, San Antonio, TX, USA
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20
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Lai WY, Lee TH, Chen JX, Ng HY, Huang TH, Shie MY. Synergies of Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cell-Laden Calcium Silicate-Activated Gelatin Methacrylate for Accelerating 3D Human Dental Pulp Stem Cell Differentiation for Endodontic Regeneration. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13193301. [PMID: 34641117 PMCID: PMC8512667 DOI: 10.3390/polym13193301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, tooth caries is a common problem affecting 9 out of every 10 adults worldwide. Dentin regeneration has since become one of the pressing issues in dentistry with tissue engineering emerging as a potential solution for enhancing dentin regeneration. In this study, we fabricated cell blocks with human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs)-laden alginate/fish gelatin hydrogels (Alg/FGel) at the center of the cell block and human umbilical vascular endothelial cells (HUVEC)-laden Si ion-infused fish gelatin methacrylate (FGelMa) at the periphery of the cell block. 1H NMR and FTIR results showed the successful fabrication of Alg/FGel and FGelMa. In addition, Si ions in the FGelMa were noted to be bonded via covalent bonds and the increased number of covalent bonds led to an increase in mechanical properties and improved degradation of FGelMa. The Si-containing FGelMa was able to release Si ions, which subsequently significantly not only enhanced the expressions of angiogenic-related protein, but also secreted some cytokines to regulate odontogenesis. Further immunofluorescence results indicated that the cell blocks allowed interactions between the HUVEC and hDPSCs, and taken together, were able to enhance odontogenic-related markers' expression, such as alkaline phosphatase (ALP), dentin matrix phosphoprotein-1 (DMP-1), and osteocalcin (OC). Subsequent Alizarin Red S stain confirmed the benefits of our cell block and demonstrated that such a novel combination and modification of biomaterials can serve as a platform for future clinical applications and use in dentin regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Yun Lai
- School of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 406040, Taiwan;
| | - Tzu-Hsin Lee
- Department of Orthodontics, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan;
| | - Jian-Xun Chen
- School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40447, Taiwan; (J.-X.C.); (H.-Y.N.)
- Department of Surgery, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 406040, Taiwan
| | - Hooi-Yee Ng
- School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40447, Taiwan; (J.-X.C.); (H.-Y.N.)
- x-Dimension Center for Medical Research and Translation, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40447, Taiwan
| | - Tsui-Hsien Huang
- School of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 406040, Taiwan;
- Department of Stomatology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (T.-H.H.); (M.-Y.S.)
| | - Ming-You Shie
- x-Dimension Center for Medical Research and Translation, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40447, Taiwan
- School of Dentistry, China Medical University, Taichung 40447, Taiwan
- Department of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (T.-H.H.); (M.-Y.S.)
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21
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The Development of Light-Curable Calcium-Silicate-Containing Composites Used in Odontogenic Regeneration. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13183107. [PMID: 34578012 PMCID: PMC8468725 DOI: 10.3390/polym13183107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 09/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulp regeneration is one of the most successful areas in the field of tissue regeneration, despite its current limitations. The biocompatibility of endodontic biomaterials is essential in securing the oral microenvironment and supporting pulp tissue regeneration. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the new light-curable calcium silicate (CS)-containing polyethylene glycol diacrylate (PEGDA) biocomposites’ regulation of human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) in odontogenic-related regeneration. The CS-containing PEGDA (0 to 30 wt%) biocomposites are applied to endodontics materials to promote their mechanical, bioactive, and biological properties. Firstly, X-ray diffraction and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy showed that the incorporation of CS increased the number of covalent bonds in the PEGDA. The diameter tension strength of the CS-containing PEGDA composite was significantly higher than that of normal PEGDA, and a different microstructure was detected on the surface. Samples were analyzed for their surface characteristics and Ca/Si ion-release profiles after soaking in simulated body fluid for different periods of time. The CS30 group presented better hDPSC adhesion and proliferation in comparison with CS0. Higher values of odontogenic-related biomarkers were found in hDPSCs on CS30. Altogether, these results prove the potential of light-curable CS-containing PEGDA composites as part of a ‘point-of-care’ strategy for application in odontogenesis-related regeneration.
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22
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Rahimnejad M, Nasrollahi Boroujeni N, Jahangiri S, Rabiee N, Rabiee M, Makvandi P, Akhavan O, Varma RS. Prevascularized Micro-/Nano-Sized Spheroid/Bead Aggregates for Vascular Tissue Engineering. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2021; 13:182. [PMID: 34409511 PMCID: PMC8374027 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-021-00697-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Efficient strategies to promote microvascularization in vascular tissue engineering, a central priority in regenerative medicine, are still scarce; nano- and micro-sized aggregates and spheres or beads harboring primitive microvascular beds are promising methods in vascular tissue engineering. Capillaries are the smallest type and in numerous blood vessels, which are distributed densely in cardiovascular system. To mimic this microvascular network, specific cell components and proangiogenic factors are required. Herein, advanced biofabrication methods in microvascular engineering, including extrusion-based and droplet-based bioprinting, Kenzan, and biogripper approaches, are deliberated with emphasis on the newest works in prevascular nano- and micro-sized aggregates and microspheres/microbeads.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maedeh Rahimnejad
- Biomedical Engineering Institute, School of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
- Research Centre, Centre Hospitalier de L'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, Canada
| | | | - Sepideh Jahangiri
- Research Centre, Centre Hospitalier de L'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, Canada
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Navid Rabiee
- Department of Physics, Sharif University of Technology, P.O. Box 11155-9161, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Rabiee
- Biomaterial Group, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Pooyan Makvandi
- Centre for Materials Interfaces, Istituto Italiano Di Tecnologia, viale Rinaldo Piaggio 34, 56 025, Pontedera, Pisa, Italy
| | - Omid Akhavan
- Department of Physics, Sharif University of Technology, P.O. Box 11155-9161, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Rajender S Varma
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute, Palacky University, Šlechtitelů 27, 783 71, Olomouc, Czech Republic.
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23
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Laschke MW, Menger MD. The simpler, the better: tissue vascularization using the body's own resources. Trends Biotechnol 2021; 40:281-290. [PMID: 34404555 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2021.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Tissue regeneration is crucially dependent on sufficient vascularization. In regenerative medicine, this can be effectively achieved by autologous vascularization strategies using the body's own resources. These strategies include the administration of blood-derived factor preparations, adipose tissue-based vascularization, and the in situ engineering of vascularized tissue. Due to their simplicity, the translation of these strategies into clinical practice is easier in terms of feasibility, safety requirements, and regulatory hurdles compared with complex and time-consuming procedures involving intensive cell manipulation. Hence, they are close to clinical application or are already being used to successfully treat patients by distinct personalized medicine concepts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias W Laschke
- Institute for Clinical & Experimental Surgery, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg/Saar, Germany.
| | - Michael D Menger
- Institute for Clinical & Experimental Surgery, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg/Saar, Germany
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24
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Lin YT, Hsu TT, Liu YW, Kao CT, Huang TH. Bidirectional Differentiation of Human-Derived Stem Cells Induced by Biomimetic Calcium Silicate-Reinforced Gelatin Methacrylate Bioink for Odontogenic Regeneration. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9080929. [PMID: 34440133 PMCID: PMC8394247 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9080929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Tooth loss or damage is a common problem affecting millions of people worldwide, and it results in significant impacts on one’s quality of life. Dental regeneration with the support of stem cell-containing scaffolds has emerged as an alternative treatment strategy for such cases. With this concept in mind, we developed various concentrations of calcium silicate (CS) in a gelatin methacryloyl (GelMa) matrix and fabricated human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs)-laden scaffolds via the use of a bioprinting technology in order to determine their feasibility in promoting odontogenesis. The X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy showed that the incorporation of CS increased the number of covalent bonds in the GelMa hydrogels. In addition, rheological analyses were conducted for the different concentrations of hydrogels to evaluate their sol–gel transition temperature. It was shown that incorporation of CS improved the printability and printing quality of the scaffolds. The printed CS-containing scaffolds were able to release silicate (Si) ions, which subsequently significantly enhanced the activation of signaling-related markers such as ERK and significantly improved the expression of odontogenic-related markers such as alkaline phosphatase (ALP), dentin matrix protein-1 (DMP-1), and osteocalcin (OC). The calcium deposition assays were also significantly enhanced in the CS-containing scaffold. Our results demonstrated that CS/GelMa scaffolds were not only enhanced in terms of their physicochemical behaviors but the odontogenesis of the hDPSCs was also promoted as compared to GelMa scaffolds. These results demonstrated that CS/GelMa scaffolds can serve as cell-laden materials for future clinical applications and use in dentin regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ting Lin
- School of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan; (Y.-T.L.); (C.-T.K.)
| | - Tuan-Ti Hsu
- x-Dimension Center for Medical Research and Translation, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404332, Taiwan; (T.-T.H.); (Y.-W.L.)
| | - Yu-Wei Liu
- x-Dimension Center for Medical Research and Translation, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404332, Taiwan; (T.-T.H.); (Y.-W.L.)
| | - Chia-Tze Kao
- School of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan; (Y.-T.L.); (C.-T.K.)
- Department of Stomatology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
| | - Tsui-Hsien Huang
- School of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan; (Y.-T.L.); (C.-T.K.)
- Department of Stomatology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-4-22967979 (ext. 3700)
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