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de Albuquerque KCO, da Veiga ADSS, Silveira FT, Campos MB, da Costa APL, Brito AKM, Melo PRDS, Percario S, de Molfetta FA, Dolabela MF. Anti-leishmanial activity of Eleutherine plicata Herb. and predictions of isoeleutherin and its analogues. Front Chem 2024; 12:1341172. [PMID: 38510811 PMCID: PMC10950963 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2024.1341172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Leishmaniasis is caused by protozoa of the genus Leishmania, classified as tegumentary and visceral. The disease treatment is still a serious problem, due to the toxic effects of available drugs, the costly treatment and reports of parasitic resistance, making the search for therapeutic alternatives urgent. This study assessed the in vitro anti-leishmanial potential of the extract, fractions, and isoeleutherin from Eleutherine plicata, as well as the in silico interactions of isoeleutherin and its analogs with Trypanothione Reductase (TR), in addition to predicting pharmacokinetic parameters. Methods: From the ethanolic extract of E. plicata (EEEp) the dichloromethane fraction (FDEp) was obtained, and isoeleutherin isolated. All samples were tested against promastigotes, and parasite viability was evaluated. Isoeleutherin analogues were selected based on similarity in databases (ZINK and eMolecules) to verify the impact on structural change. Results and Discussion: The extract and its fractions were not active against the promastigote form (IC50 > 200 μg/mL), while isoeleutherin was active (IC50 = 25 μg/mL). All analogues have high intestinal absorption (HIA), cell permeability was moderate in Caco2 and low to moderate in MDCK. Structural changes interfered with plasma protein binding and blood-brain barrier permeability. Regarding metabolism, all molecules appear to be CYP3A4 metabolized and inhibited 2-3 CYPs. Molecular docking and molecular dynamics assessed the interactions between the most stable configurations of isoeleutherin, analogue compound 17, and quinacrine (control drug). Molecular dynamics simulations demonstrated stability and favorable interactions with TR. In summary, fractionation contributed to antileishmanial activity and isoleutherin seems to be promising. Structural alterations did not contribute to improve pharmacokinetic aspects and analogue 17 proved to be more promising than isoeleutherin, presenting better stabilization in TR.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Ana Paula Lima da Costa
- Laboratory of Molecular Modeling, Institute of Exact and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil
| | | | | | - Sandro Percario
- Biotechnology and Biodiversity Postgraduate Program (BIONORTE), Federal University of Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil
| | - Fábio Alberto de Molfetta
- Laboratory of Molecular Modeling, Institute of Exact and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil
| | - Maria Fâni Dolabela
- Biotechnology and Biodiversity Postgraduate Program (BIONORTE), Federal University of Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil
- Pharmaceutical Innovation Postgraduate Program, Federal University of Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Postgraduate Program, Federal University of Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil
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2
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de Araújo SA, Silva CMP, Costa CS, Ferreira CSC, Ribeiro HS, da Silva Lima A, Quintino da Rocha C, Calabrese KDS, Abreu-Silva AL, Almeida-Souza F. Leishmanicidal and immunomodulatory activity of Terminalia catappa in Leishmania amazonensisin vitro infection. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24622. [PMID: 38312642 PMCID: PMC10835263 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Leishmaniases are infectious-parasitic diseases that impact public health around the world. Antileishmanial drugs presented toxicity and increase in parasitic resistance. Studies with natural products show an alternative to this effect, and several metabolites have demonstrated potential in the treatment of various diseases. Terminalia catappa is a plant species with promising pharmaceutical properties. The objective of this work was to evaluate the therapeutic potential of extracts and fractions of T. catappa on Leishmania amazonensis and investigate the immunomodulatory mechanisms associated with its action. In anti-Leishmania assays, the ethyl acetate fraction exhibited activity against promastigotes (IC50 86.07 ± 1.09 μg/mL) and low cytotoxicity (CC50 517.70 ± 1.68 μg/mL). The ethyl acetate fraction also inhibited the intracellular parasite (IC50 25.74 ± 1.08 μg/mL) with a selectivity index of 20.11. Treatment with T. catappa ethyl acetate fraction did not alter nitrite production by peritoneal macrophages stimulated with L. amazonensis, although there was a decrease in unstimulated macrophages treated at 50 μg/mL (p = 0.0048). The T. catappa ethyl acetate fraction at 100 μg/mL increased TNF-α levels (p = 0.0238) and downregulated HO-1 (p = 0.0030) and ferritin (p = 0.0002) gene expression in L. amazonensis-stimulated macrophages. Additionally, the total flavonoid and ellagic acid content for ethyl acetate fraction was 13.41 ± 1.86 mg QE/g and 79.25 mg/g, respectively. In conclusion, the T. catappa ethyl acetate fraction showed leishmanicidal activity against different forms of L. amazonensis and displayed immunomodulatory mechanisms, including TNF-α production and expression of pro and antioxidant genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Alves de Araújo
- Rede Nordeste de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, São Luís, 65080-805, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Aldilene da Silva Lima
- Laboratório de Química dos Produtos Naturais, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, 65080-805, São Luís, MA, Brazil
| | - Cláudia Quintino da Rocha
- Laboratório de Química dos Produtos Naturais, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, 65080-805, São Luís, MA, Brazil
| | - Kátia da Silva Calabrese
- Laboratório de Protozoologia, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, 21041-250, Brazil
| | - Ana Lucia Abreu-Silva
- Rede Nordeste de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, São Luís, 65080-805, Brazil
- Universidade Estadual do Maranhão, São Luís, 65055-310, Brazil
- Pós-graduação em Ciência Animal, Universidade Estadual do Maranhão, São Luís, 65055-310, Brazil
| | - Fernando Almeida-Souza
- Universidade Estadual do Maranhão, São Luís, 65055-310, Brazil
- Laboratório de Protozoologia, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, 21041-250, Brazil
- Pós-graduação em Ciência Animal, Universidade Estadual do Maranhão, São Luís, 65055-310, Brazil
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Silva MJA, Acho LDR, Carneiro SB, Guimarães AC, Lima ES. Cosmetic application of the stem-bark extract of Bertholletia excelsa H.B.K. Int J Cosmet Sci 2024. [PMID: 38229481 DOI: 10.1111/ics.12945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The Amazon has a rich biodiversity where many different plant species can be found. This diversity is an important source of bioactive substances, mainly due to the different structural components of their phytometabolites. Research for natural products is a strategy for the development of new agents in therapeutic applications, especially cosmetic applications, that have better pharmacological potential. Within this perspective, the objective of the study was to investigate the cosmetic application (anti-aging potential) of the stem-bark extract of Bertholletia excelsa H.B.K - (SBEBE), popularly known as the Brazil nut tree, here called SBEBE, a noble plant species of the Amazon that is rich in selenium. METHODS Enzymatic, glycation, proliferation, cell-healing, collagen quantification, toxicity and genotoxicity assays were used. RESULTS Among the enzymes involved in the extracellular matrix of the skin, SBEBE was able to inhibit only elastase (62.67 ± 3.75) when compared to the standard sivelestat (89.04 ± 0.53), and the extract was also able to inhibit both the oxidative and the non-oxidative pathway. When cell toxicity in fibroblasts (MRC-5) and keratinocytes (HACAT) was evaluated, SBEBE did not present toxicity in 24 h of incubation. After this period, the extract showed average cytotoxicity in 48 and 72 h, but not enough to reach the concentration of 50% of MRC-5 fibroblasts. In the trypan blue assay, the extract promoted fibroblast proliferation in 24, 48 and 72 h of incubation, which was evaluated through exponential cell growth, with emphasis mainly on the lowest concentration with results higher than the standard. When the cell healing capacity was evaluated, in 48 h of exposure to fibroblast, SBEBE was able to induce a cell carpet (cell film) in the cell monolayer scratch assay. CONCLUSIONS SBEBE stimulated collagen production at all concentrations tested. In the alkaline comet assay, at the lowest concentration, the extract did not induce DNA damage when compared to the reference drug doxorubicin. This study proved that SBEBE extract can be considered an ally in the treatment of skin anti-ageing as a possible biotechnological, phytocosmetic product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Márcia J A Silva
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Amazonas - UFAM, Manaus, Brazil
| | - Leonard D R Acho
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Amazonas - UFAM, Manaus, Brazil
| | - Simone B Carneiro
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Amazonas - UFAM, Manaus, Brazil
| | - Anderson C Guimarães
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Exact Sciences, Federal University of Amazonas - UFAM, Manaus, Brazil
| | - Emerson S Lima
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Amazonas - UFAM, Manaus, Brazil
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de Moraes LS, Galué-Parra AJ, Hage AAP, Moura HA, Garcia MSA, Macêdo CG, Rodrigues APD, Guilhon GMSP, da Silva EO. In Vitro Leishmanicidal Activity of Copaiba Oil and Kojic Acid Combination on the Protozoan Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis and Host Cell. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2925. [PMID: 38138069 PMCID: PMC10745933 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11122925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Leishmaniasis refers to a group of anthropozoonotic diseases caused by Leishmania. The major chemotherapeutic agent used for its treatment is Glucantime®®, but the search continues for new compounds that are economically viable and act on the protozoan without causing damage to the host cell. As an alternative approach, this study used a combination of copaiba oil (CO) and kojic acid (KA) to determine their in vitro action on host cells, on the Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis protozoan and its interaction with macrophages. (2) Methods: In vitro culture, analysis of cytokine release and microscopy assays were performed. Statistical analysis was performed with ANOVA (GraphPad Prism). (3) Results: The combination did not induce cytotoxic effects on macrophages after treatment but promoted morphological changes in the protozoan, such as nuclear alterations (apoptotic characteristics), alterations in the cellular body and an increase in the number of electrodense structures and acidocalcisomes, observed mainly at the concentrations of CO20KA50 and CO30KA50 μg/mL. We observed reductions in the intracellular amastigote number and in the production of proinflammatory cytokines, such as IL-6 and TNF-α, after treatment with CO30KA at 50 µg/mL. (4) Conclusions: We report here, for the first time, that the combination of CO and KA may be a promising approach against Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lienne Silveira de Moraes
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Post Graduation Program, Health and Biological Sciences Department, Federal University of Amapa (UNIFAP), Macapa 68903-419, AP, Brazil;
- Laboratory of Structural Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, PA, Brazil; (A.J.G.-P.); (A.A.P.H.); (H.A.M.); (M.S.A.G.); (C.G.M.)
- National Institute of Science and Technology in Structural Biology and Bioimaging, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, RJ, Brazil;
| | - Adan Jesús Galué-Parra
- Laboratory of Structural Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, PA, Brazil; (A.J.G.-P.); (A.A.P.H.); (H.A.M.); (M.S.A.G.); (C.G.M.)
| | - Amanda Anastácia Pinto Hage
- Laboratory of Structural Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, PA, Brazil; (A.J.G.-P.); (A.A.P.H.); (H.A.M.); (M.S.A.G.); (C.G.M.)
- National Institute of Science and Technology in Structural Biology and Bioimaging, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, RJ, Brazil;
| | - Hévila Aragão Moura
- Laboratory of Structural Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, PA, Brazil; (A.J.G.-P.); (A.A.P.H.); (H.A.M.); (M.S.A.G.); (C.G.M.)
| | - Marcus Savio Araujo Garcia
- Laboratory of Structural Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, PA, Brazil; (A.J.G.-P.); (A.A.P.H.); (H.A.M.); (M.S.A.G.); (C.G.M.)
| | - Caroline Gomes Macêdo
- Laboratory of Structural Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, PA, Brazil; (A.J.G.-P.); (A.A.P.H.); (H.A.M.); (M.S.A.G.); (C.G.M.)
| | - Ana Paula Drummond Rodrigues
- National Institute of Science and Technology in Structural Biology and Bioimaging, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, RJ, Brazil;
- Laboratory of Electron Microscopy, Evandro Chagas’s Institute, Department of Health Surveillance, Ministry of Health, Belém 70723-040, PA, Brazil
| | | | - Edilene Oliveira da Silva
- Laboratory of Structural Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, PA, Brazil; (A.J.G.-P.); (A.A.P.H.); (H.A.M.); (M.S.A.G.); (C.G.M.)
- National Institute of Science and Technology in Structural Biology and Bioimaging, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, RJ, Brazil;
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Chura SSD, Memória KAS, Lopes AT, Pelissari FM, Da Silveira JVW, Bezerra JDA, Chaves FCM, Rodrigues AP, Faria JAQA, Carneiro G. Red sacaca essential oil-loaded nanostructured lipid carriers optimized by factorial design: cytotoxicity and cellular reactive oxygen species levels. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1176629. [PMID: 37886132 PMCID: PMC10598706 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1176629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Amazonian flora includes several species with the potential to develop pharmaceutical and biotechnological products. The essential oils from Amazonian species possess some biological properties, such as antioxidant, antibacterial, and cytotoxic activities. The essential oil of red sacaca (RSO), Croton cajucara Benth., contains metabolites characterized by antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) are an advantageous alternative for the effective delivery of drugs because they can solubilize lipophilic actives and reduce their cytotoxicity. This study aimed to optimize the synthesis of RSO-loaded nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC-RSO) using a 23 factorial design and investigate their antioxidant and cytotoxic effects. The red sacaca essential oil (RSO) metabolite profile was characterized using gas chromatography coupled with a mass spectrometer (GC-MS), identifying 33 metabolites, with linalool and 7-hydroxy-calamenene as the major ones, as reported in the literature. The optimized NLC-RSO formulation had a particle size less than 100 nm and a polydispersity index lower than 0.25. After characterizing NLC-RSO using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction, zeta potential, moisture content, and wettability, in vitro cytotoxicity were performed in A549 and BEAS-2B cell lines using the resazurin metabolism assay. The data indicated a lower IC50 for RSO than for NLC-RSOs in both cell lines. Furthermore, low cytotoxicity of blank nanoparticles (blank NP) and medium chain triglycerides-loaded nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC-MCT) towards both pulmonary cell lines was noted. At a concentration of 50-100 μg/mL, free RSO exhibited higher cytotoxicity than NLC-RSO, demonstrating the protective effect of this lipid carrier in reducing cytotoxicity during metabolite delivery. Similarly, free RSO showed higher 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging than NLC-RSO, also indicating this protective effect. The 2',7'-dichlorofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) level assay did not show differences between the treatments at higher but non-cytotoxic dosages. Taken together, our results suggest that NLC-RSOs are potential RSO delivery systems for applications related to cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Santos Donaire Chura
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Jequitinhonha and Mucuri Valleys, Diamantina, Brazil
| | | | - Amanda Tibães Lopes
- Institute of Science and Technology, Federal University of Jequitinhonha and Mucuri Valleys, Diamantina, Brazil
| | - Franciele Maria Pelissari
- Institute of Science and Technology, Federal University of Jequitinhonha and Mucuri Valleys, Diamantina, Brazil
| | | | - Jaqueline de Araújo Bezerra
- Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Amazonas (IFAM), IFAM Analytical Center, Manaus Centro Campus, Manaus, Brazil
| | | | - Ana Paula Rodrigues
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Jequitinhonha and Mucuri Valleys, Diamantina, Brazil
| | | | - Guilherme Carneiro
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Jequitinhonha and Mucuri Valleys, Diamantina, Brazil
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Ribeiro FDOS, Oliveira FDCED, Pessoa C, Dias JDN, Albuquerque P, Sousa EDS, Lima SGD, Lima LRMD, Sombra VG, Paula RCMD, Alves EHP, Vasconcelos DFP, Fontenele DD, Iles B, Medeiros JVR, Araújo ARD, da Silva DA, Leite JRDSDA. Lemon gum: Non-toxic arabinogalactan isolated from Citrus × latifolia with antiproliferative property against human prostate adenocarcinoma cells. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 232:123058. [PMID: 36669633 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.12.277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Lemon gum (LG) obtained from Citrus × latifolia in Brazil was isolated and characterized. In addition, gum biocompatibility was evaluated in vitro and in vivo by Galleria mellonella and mice model. The cytotoxicity against tumor cells was also evaluated. The ratio of arabinose:galactose: rhamnose:4-OMe-glucuronic acid was 1:0.65:0.06:0.15. Small traces of protein were detected, emphasizing the isolate purity. Molar mass was 8.08 × 105 g/mol, with three different degradation events. LG showed antiproliferative activity against human prostate adenocarcinoma cancer cells, with percentage superior to 50 %. In vivo toxicity models demonstrated that LG is biocompatible polymer, with little difference in the parameters compared to control group. These results demonstrate advance in the study of LG composition and toxicity, indicating a potential for several biomedical and biotechnological future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fábio de Oliveira Silva Ribeiro
- Center for Research in Applied Morphology and Immunology, NuPMIA, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil; Research Center on Biodiversity and Biotechnology, BIOTEC, Parnaíba Delta Federal University, UFDPar, Parnaíba, PI, Brazil
| | | | - Claudia Pessoa
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Ceará, UFC, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Jhones do Nascimento Dias
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, IB, University of Brasília, UnB, Darcy Ribeiro University Campus, Asa Norte, Brasília, Federal District, DF, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Albuquerque
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, IB, University of Brasília, UnB, Darcy Ribeiro University Campus, Asa Norte, Brasília, Federal District, DF, Brazil
| | - Edymilaís da Silva Sousa
- Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Center for Natural Sciences, Federal University of Piauí, Campus Ministro Petrônio Portela, Brazil
| | - Sidney Gonçalo de Lima
- Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Center for Natural Sciences, Federal University of Piauí, Campus Ministro Petrônio Portela, Brazil
| | | | - Venicios G Sombra
- Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, Federal University of Ceará, UFC, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | | | - Even Herlany Pereira Alves
- Laboratory of Histological Analysis and Preparation (LAPHis), Parnaíba Delta Federal University, UFDPar, Parnaiba, PI, Brazil
| | | | - Darllan Damasceno Fontenele
- Research Center on Biodiversity and Biotechnology, BIOTEC, Parnaíba Delta Federal University, UFDPar, Parnaíba, PI, Brazil
| | - Bruno Iles
- Research Center on Biodiversity and Biotechnology, BIOTEC, Parnaíba Delta Federal University, UFDPar, Parnaíba, PI, Brazil
| | - Jand Venes Rolim Medeiros
- Research Center on Biodiversity and Biotechnology, BIOTEC, Parnaíba Delta Federal University, UFDPar, Parnaíba, PI, Brazil
| | - Alyne Rodrigues de Araújo
- Research Center on Biodiversity and Biotechnology, BIOTEC, Parnaíba Delta Federal University, UFDPar, Parnaíba, PI, Brazil
| | - Durcilene Alves da Silva
- Research Center on Biodiversity and Biotechnology, BIOTEC, Parnaíba Delta Federal University, UFDPar, Parnaíba, PI, Brazil.
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Chemical Composition and In Vitro and In Silico Antileishmanial Evaluation of the Essential Oil from Croton linearis Jacq. Stems. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11121712. [PMID: 36551370 PMCID: PMC9774621 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11121712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Croton linearis Jacq. is an aromatic shrub that has been utilized in traditional medicine in the Bahamas, Jamaica, and Cuba. Recent studies have revealed the antiprotozoal potential of its leaves. The present work is aimed to identify the volatile constituents of essential oil from the stems of C. linearis (CLS-EO) and evaluate its in vitro antileishmanial activity. In addition, an in silico study of the molecular interactions was performed using molecular docking. A gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric analysis of CLS-EO identified 1,8-cineole (27.8%), α-pinene (11.1%), cis-sabinene (8.1%), p-cymene (5.7%), α-terpineol (4.4%), epi-γ-eudesmol (4.2%), linalool (3.9%), and terpinen-4-ol (2.6%) as major constituents. The evaluation of antileishmanial activity showed that CLS-EO has good activity on both parasite forms (IC50Promastigote = 21.4 ± 0.1 μg/mL; IC50Amastigote = 18.9 ± 0.3 μg/mL), with a CC50 of 49.0 ± 5.0 μg/mL on peritoneal macrophages from BALB/c mice (selectivity index = 2 and 3 using the promastigote and amastigote results). Molecular docking showed good binding of epi-γ-eudesmol with different target enzymes of Leishmania. This study is the first report of the chemical composition and anti-Leishmania evaluation of CLS-EO. These findings provide support for further studies of the antileishmanial effect of this product.
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dos Santos DB, Lemos JA, Miranda SEM, Di Filippo LD, Duarte JL, Ferreira LAM, Barros ALB, Oliveira AEMFM. Current Applications of Plant-Based Drug Delivery Nano Systems for Leishmaniasis Treatment. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:2339. [PMID: 36365157 PMCID: PMC9695113 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14112339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Leishmania is a trypanosomatid that causes leishmaniasis. It is transmitted to vertebrate hosts during the blood meal of phlebotomine sandflies. The clinical manifestations of the disease are associated with several factors, such as the Leishmania species, virulence and pathogenicity, the host-parasite relationship, and the host's immune system. Although its causative agents have been known and studied for decades, there have been few advances in the chemotherapy of leishmaniasis. The urgency of more selective and less toxic alternatives for the treatment of leishmaniasis leads to research focused on the study of new pharmaceuticals, improvement of existing drugs, and new routes of drug administration. Natural resources of plant origin are promising sources of bioactive substances, and the use of ethnopharmacology and folk medicine leads to interest in studying new medications from phytocomplexes. However, the intrinsic low water solubility of plant derivatives is an obstacle to developing a therapeutic product. Nanotechnology could help overcome these obstacles by improving the availability of common substances in water. To contribute to this scenario, this article provides a review of nanocarriers developed for delivering plant-extracted compounds to treat clinical forms of leishmaniasis and critically analyzing them and pointing out the future perspectives for their application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darline B. dos Santos
- Department of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Amapá, Rodovia Juscelino Kubitisheck, km 02, Macapá 68902-280, AP, Brazil
| | - Janaina A. Lemos
- Department of Pharmaceutical Products, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Avenida Antonio Carlos, 6627, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil
| | - Sued E. M. Miranda
- Department of Pharmaceutical Products, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Avenida Antonio Carlos, 6627, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil
| | - Leonardo D. Di Filippo
- Department of Drugs and Medicines, Sao Paulo State University, Rodovia Araraquara/Jaú, Km 01, Araraquara 14800-903, SP, Brazil
| | - Jonatas L. Duarte
- Department of Drugs and Medicines, Sao Paulo State University, Rodovia Araraquara/Jaú, Km 01, Araraquara 14800-903, SP, Brazil
| | - Lucas A. M. Ferreira
- Department of Pharmaceutical Products, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Avenida Antonio Carlos, 6627, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil
| | - Andre L. B. Barros
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Avenida Antonio Carlos, 6627, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil
| | - Anna E. M. F. M. Oliveira
- Department of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Amapá, Rodovia Juscelino Kubitisheck, km 02, Macapá 68902-280, AP, Brazil
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9
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Cytotoxicity and Lipase Inhibition of Essential Oils from Amazon Annonaceae Species. CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/chemistry4040081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Essential oils from Amazonian species are gaining increasing interest worldwide due to their medicinal and cosmetic applications; however, the relation among the chemical constituents and their biological properties are not well explored. Therefore, the present research aims to obtain an understanding of the bioactivity of chemical compounds in the essential oils of plants from the Annonaceae family (Bocageopsis pleiosperma, Onychopetalum amazonicum, Unonopsis duckei, U. floribunda, U. rufescens, U.stipitata, U. guatterioides, Duguetia flagellaris and Xylopia benthamii). By means of gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry, in vitro cytotoxic and anti-lipase assays, principal component analysis and molecular docking, it was possible to establish the main compounds that may be responsible for the cytotoxic effect of O. amazonicum and B. pleiosperma. Moreover, the anti-lipase potential of D. flagellaris was also established, as well as its composition related to the activity. Thus, by the employed strategy, allo-aromadendrene, cryptomerione, δ-cadinene and β-bisabolene were suggested as plausible cytotoxic agents against cancer cell lines, and dehydroaromadendrene, spathulenol and elemol, against lipase. The present study provides significant information on the chemical profile and bioactivity studies of Amazon Annonaceae aromatic plants.
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da Silva Souza Campanholi K, Sonchini Gonçalves R, Bassi da Silva J, Said dos Santos R, Carla de Oliveira M, Barbosa de Souza Ferreira S, Vizioli de Castro-Hoshino L, Bento Balbinot R, Lazarin-Bidóia D, Luciano Baesso M, Luciano Bruschi M, Vataru Nakamura C, Caetano W. Thermal stimuli-responsive topical platform based on copaiba oil-resin: Design and performance upon ex-vivo human skin. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.119625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Essential Oil of the Plants Growing in the Brazilian Amazon: Chemical Composition, Antioxidants, and Biological Applications. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27144373. [PMID: 35889245 PMCID: PMC9318482 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27144373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Essential oils are biosynthesized in the secondary metabolism of plants, and in their chemical composition, they can be identified different classes of compounds with potential antioxidant and biological applications. Over the years in the Amazon, several species of aromatic plants were discovered and used in traditional medicine. The literature has shown that essential oils extracted from amazon species have several biological activities, such as antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal, cytotoxic, and antiprotozoal activities. These activities are related to the diversified chemical composition found in essential oils that, by synergism, favors its pharmacological action. In light of this vital importance, this study aimed at performing a review of the literature with particular emphasis on the chemical composition and biological activities in studies conducted with species collected in the Amazon, taking into consideration in particular the last 10 years of collection and research.
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Effects of terpenes in the treatment of visceral leishmaniasis: a systematic review of preclinical evidence. Pharmacol Res 2022; 177:106117. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Campanholi KDSS, Zanqui AB, Pedroso de Morais FA, Jaski JM, Gonçalves RS, da Silva Junior RC, Cardozo-Filho L, Caetano W. Obtaining phytotherapeutic chlorophyll extracts using pressurized liquid technology. J Supercrit Fluids 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2021.105457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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BARRETO ANNAL, ALONSO ARIADNEN, MORAES DANIELCDE, CURVELO JOSÉA, MIRANDA KILDARE, PORTELA MARISTELAB, FERREIRA-PEREIRA ANTÔNIO, SOUTO-PADRÓN THAIS, SOARES ROSANGELAMARIADEA. Anti-Leishmania amazonensis activity of the marine sponge Dercitus (Stoeba) latex (Porifera) from São Pedro and São Paulo Archipelago, Pernambuco, Brazil. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2022; 94:e20211090. [DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202220211090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- ANNA L.S. BARRETO
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Instituto Brasileiro de Medicina de Reabilitação (IBMR), Brazil
| | - ARIADNE N. ALONSO
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Laboratório Richet Medicina Diagnóstica, Brazil
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Amentoflavone isolated from Selaginella sellowii Hieron induces mitochondrial dysfunction in Leishmania amazonensis promastigotes. Parasitol Int 2021; 86:102458. [PMID: 34509671 DOI: 10.1016/j.parint.2021.102458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Leishmaniasis chemotherapy is a bottleneck in disease treatment. Although available, chemotherapy is limited, toxic, painful, and does not lead to parasite clearance, with parasite resistance also being reported. Therefore, new therapeutic options are being investigated, such as plant-derived anti-parasitic compounds. Amentoflavone is the most common biflavonoid in the Selaginella genus, and its antileishmanial activity has already been described on Leishmania amazonensis intracellular amastigotes but its direct action on the parasite is controversial. In this work we demonstrate that amentoflavone is active on L. amazonensis promastigotes (IC50 = 28.5 ± 2.0 μM) and amastigotes. Transmission electron microscopy of amentoflavone-treated promastigotes showed myelin-like figures, autophagosomes as well as enlarged mitochondria. Treated parasites also presented multiple lipid droplets and altered basal body organization. Similarly, intracellular amastigotes presented swollen mitochondria, membrane fragments in the lumen of the flagellar pocket as well as autophagic vacuoles. Flow cytometric analysis after TMRE staining showed that amentoflavone strongly decreased mitochondrial membrane potential. In silico analysis shows that amentoflavone physic-chemical, drug-likeness and bioavailability characteristics suggest it might be suitable for oral administration. We concluded that amentoflavone presents a direct effect on L. amazonensis parasites, causing mitochondrial dysfunction and parasite killing. Therefore, all results point for the potential of amentoflavone as a promising candidate for conducting advanced studies for the development of drugs against leishmaniasis.
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Alamzeb M, Ali S, Mamoon-Ur-Rashid, Khan B, Ihsanullah, Adnan, Omer M, Ullah A, Ali J, Setzer WN, Salman SM, Khan A, Shah A. Antileishmanial Potential of Berberine Alkaloids From Berberis glaucocarpa Roots: Molecular Docking Suggests Relevant Leishmania Protein Targets. Nat Prod Commun 2021. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x211031148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Leishmaniases are a spectrum of poverty-linked neglected parasitic diseases that are endemic in 88 countries around the globe and affect millions of people every year. Currently available chemotherapeutic options are inadequate due to side effects, high cost, prolonged treatment, and parasite resistance. Thus, there is an existing need to develop new potent and safer leishmanicidal drugs. Considering the folkloric antiulcer and leishmanicidal use of the genus Berberis and its alkaloids, 5 reported alkaloids, namely berberine (1), palmatine (2), columbamine (3), 8-trichloromethyldihydroberberine (4), and jatrorrhizine (5), were isolated from the roots of Berberis glaucocarpa using classical (column and preparative chromatography) and modern isolation techniques (Sephadex LH-20). Their structures were elucidated and established from 1D and 2D spectroscopic data. The isolated alkaloids displayed excellent antileishmanial potential with IC50 values ranging from 1.50 to 2.56 µM: 1 (1.50 ± 0.53 µM), 2 (2.31 ± 0.37 µM), 3 (2.56 ± 0.48 µM), 4 (1.40 ± 0.90 µM), 5 (2.44 ± 1.34 µM). While the IC50 value for the standard drug (Amphotericin-B) was found to be 1.08 ± 0.95 µM. All of the isolated alkaloids displayed excellent antileishmanial potential as well as minimal cytotoxicity against THP-1 monocytic cells. Molecular docking analysis has revealed Leishmania N-myristoyl transferase, methionyl-tRNA synthetase, pteridine reductase 1, oligopeptidase B, tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase, and/or glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase to be potential protein targets for the alkaloids.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Saqib Ali
- University of Kotli, Kotli, Pakistan
| | - Mamoon-Ur-Rashid
- Baluchistan University of Information Technology, Engineering and Management Sciences (BUITEMS), Quetta, Pakistan
| | | | - Ihsanullah
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, University of Swat, Swat, Pakistan
| | - Adnan
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, University of Swat, Swat, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Omer
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, University of Swat, Swat, Pakistan
| | - Asad Ullah
- Islamia College University, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Javed Ali
- Kohat University of Science and Technology (KUST), Kohat, Pakistan
| | | | | | - Ajmal Khan
- Leishmania Diagnostic & Drug Delivery Research Laboratory, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Akram Shah
- Leishmania Diagnostic & Drug Delivery Research Laboratory, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
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Silva-Silva JV, Moragas-Tellis CJ, Chagas MDSDS, de Souza PVR, de Souza CDSF, Hardoim DDJ, Taniwaki NN, Moreira DDL, Dutra Behrens M, Calabrese KDS, Almeida-Souza F. Antileishmanial Activity of Flavones-Rich Fraction From Arrabidaea chica Verlot (Bignoniaceae). Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:703985. [PMID: 34354593 PMCID: PMC8329660 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.703985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Acknowledging the need of identifying new compounds for the treatment of leishmaniasis, this study aimed to evaluate, from in vitro trials, the activity of flavones from Arrabidaea chica against L. amazonensis. The chromatographic profiles of the hydroethanolic extract and a flavone-rich fraction (ACFF) from A. chica were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with a diode-array UV-Vis detector (HPLC-DAD-UV) and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry in tandem (LC-ESI-MS-MS). The flavones luteolin (1) and apigenin (2), isolated from chromatographic techniques and identified by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance of 1H and 13C, were also quantified in ACFF, showing 190.7 mg/g and apigenin 12.4 mg/g, respectively. The other flavones were identified by comparing their spectroscopic data with those of the literature. The in vitro activity was assayed against promastigotes and intramacrophagic amastigote forms of L. amazonensis. Cytotoxicity tests were performed with peritoneal macrophages of BALB/c mice. Nitrite quantification was performed with Griess reagent. Ultrastructural investigations were obtained by transmission electron microscopy. Anti-Leishmania assays indicated that the IC50 values for ACFF, apigenin, and luteolin were obtained at 40.42 ± 0.10 and 31.51 ± 1.13 μg/mL against promastigotes, respectively. ACFF and luteolin have concentration-dependent cytotoxicity. ACFF and luteolin also inhibited the intra-macrophagic parasite (IC50 3.575 ± 1.13 and 11.78 ± 1.24 μg/mL, respectively), with a selectivity index of 11.44 for ACFF. Promastigotes exposed to ACFF and luteolin exhibited ultrastructural changes, such as intense cytoplasm vacuolization and mitochondrial swelling. These findings data evidence the antileishmanial action of flavone-rich fractions of A. chica against L. amazonensis, encouraging further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Victor Silva-Silva
- Laboratory of Immunomodulation and Protozoology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Carla Junqueira Moragas-Tellis
- Laboratory of Natural Products for Public Health, Pharmaceutical Techonology Institute - Farmanguinhos, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Maria do Socorro Dos Santos Chagas
- Laboratory of Natural Products for Public Health, Pharmaceutical Techonology Institute - Farmanguinhos, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Paulo Victor Ramos de Souza
- Laboratory of Natural Products for Public Health, Pharmaceutical Techonology Institute - Farmanguinhos, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Student on Postgraduate Program in Translational Research in Drugs and Medicines, Farmanguinhos, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Daiana de Jesus Hardoim
- Laboratory of Immunomodulation and Protozoology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Davyson de Lima Moreira
- Laboratory of Natural Products for Public Health, Pharmaceutical Techonology Institute - Farmanguinhos, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Maria Dutra Behrens
- Laboratory of Natural Products for Public Health, Pharmaceutical Techonology Institute - Farmanguinhos, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Kátia da Silva Calabrese
- Laboratory of Immunomodulation and Protozoology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Fernando Almeida-Souza
- Laboratory of Immunomodulation and Protozoology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Postgraduate in Animal Science, State University of Maranhão, São Luís, Brazil
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Leishmanicidal Activity and Ultrastructural Changes of Maslinic Acid Isolated from Hyptidendron canum. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:9970983. [PMID: 34194532 PMCID: PMC8184317 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9970983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The therapeutic arsenal for the treatment of leishmaniasis is limited and has serious obstacles, such as variable activity, high toxicity, and costs. To overcome such limitations, it becomes urgent to characterize new bioactive molecules. Plants produce and accumulate different classes of bioactive compounds, and these molecules can be studied as a strategy to combat leishmaniasis. The study presented herein evaluated the leishmanicidal effect of maslinic acid isolated from the leaves of Hyptidendron canum (Lamiaceae) and investigated the morphological that occurred on Leishmania (Leishmania) infantum upon treatment. Maslinic acid was active and selective against promastigote and amastigote forms in a dose-dependent manner. Additionally, it was not toxic to peritoneal macrophages isolated from golden hamsters, while miltefosine and amphotericin B showed mild toxicity for macrophages. Morphological changes in promastigotes of L. (L.) infantum treated with maslinic acid were related to cytoplasmic degeneration, intense exocytic activity, and blebbing in the kDNA; disruption of mitochondrial cristae was observed in some parasites. The nucleus of promastigote forms seems to be degraded and the chromatin fragmented, suggesting that maslinic acid triggers programmed cell death. These results indicate that maslinic acid may be an interesting molecule to develop new classes of drugs against leishmaniasis.
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Carvalho APAD, Conte-Junior CA. Health benefits of phytochemicals from Brazilian native foods and plants: Antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-cancer, and risk factors of metabolic/endocrine disorders control. Trends Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2021.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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20
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Kawakami MYM, Zamora LO, Araújo RS, Fernandes CP, Ricotta TQN, de Oliveira LG, Queiroz-Junior CM, Fernandes AP, da Conceição EC, Ferreira LAM, Barros ALB, Aguiar MG, Oliveira AEMFM. Efficacy of nanoemulsion with Pterodon emarginatus Vogel oleoresin for topical treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 134:111109. [PMID: 33341050 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.111109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is a neglected tropical skin disease caused by the protozoan genus Leishmania. The treatment is restricted to a handful number of drugs that exhibit toxic effects, limited efficacy, and drug resistance. Additionally, developing an effective topical treatment is still an enormous unmet medical challenge. Natural oils, e.g. the oleoresin from P. emarginatus fruits (SO), contain various bioactive molecules, especially terpenoid compounds such as diterpenes and sesquiterpenes. However, its use in topical formulations can be impaired due to the natural barrier of the skin for low water solubility compounds. Nanoemulsions (NE) are drug delivery systems able to increase penetration of lipophilic compounds throughout the skin, improving their topical effect. In this context, we propose the use of SO-containing NE (SO-NE) for CL treatment. The SO-NE was produced by a low energy method and presented suitable physicochemical characteristic: average diameter and polydispersity index lower than 180 nm and 0.2, respectively. Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis-infected BALB/c mice were given topical doses of SO or SO-NE. The topical use of a combination of SO-NE and intraperitoneal meglumine antimoniate reduced lesion size by 41 % and tissue regeneration was proven by histopathological analyses. In addition, a reduction in the parasitic load and decreased in the level of IFN-γ in the lesion may be associated, as well as a lower level of the cytokine IL-10 may be associated with a less intense inflammatory process. The present study suggests that SO-NE in combination meglumine antimoniate represents a promising alternative for the topical treatment of CL caused by L. (L.) amazonensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monique Y M Kawakami
- Department of Biological Sciences and Health, Amapá Federal University, Macapá, Amapá, Brazil
| | - Lisset Ortiz Zamora
- Department of Biological Sciences and Health, Amapá Federal University, Macapá, Amapá, Brazil
| | - Raquel S Araújo
- Department of Biological Sciences and Health, Amapá Federal University, Macapá, Amapá, Brazil
| | - Caio P Fernandes
- Department of Biological Sciences and Health, Amapá Federal University, Macapá, Amapá, Brazil
| | - Tiago Q N Ricotta
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Leandro G de Oliveira
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Celso M Queiroz-Junior
- Department of Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Fernandes
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Edemilson C da Conceição
- Laboratory of Research, Development and Innovation of Bioproducts, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Lucas A M Ferreira
- Department of Pharmaceutical Products, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - André L B Barros
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Marta G Aguiar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Products, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Anna E M F M Oliveira
- Department of Biological Sciences and Health, Amapá Federal University, Macapá, Amapá, Brazil.
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Mondêgo-Oliveira R, de Sá Sousa JC, Moragas-Tellis CJ, de Souza PVR, dos Santos Chagas MDS, Behrens MD, Jesús Hardoim DD, Taniwaki NN, Chometon TQ, Bertho AL, Calabrese KDS, Almeida-Souza F, Abreu-Silva AL. Vernonia brasiliana (L.) Druce induces ultrastructural changes and apoptosis-like death of Leishmania infantum promastigotes. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 133:111025. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.111025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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Novello CR, Düsman E, Balbinot RB, de Paula JC, Nakamura CV, de Mello JCP, Sarragiotto MH. Antileishmanial activity of neo-clerodane diterpenes from Croton echioides. Nat Prod Res 2020; 36:925-931. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2020.1851221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cláudio Roberto Novello
- Academic Department of Chemistry and Biological Science, Universidade Tecnólogica Federal do Paraná, Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Elisangela Düsman
- Academic Department of Chemistry and Biological Science, Universidade Tecnólogica Federal do Paraná, Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Rodolfo Bento Balbinot
- Department of Health Basic Science, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | | | - Celso Vataru Nakamura
- Department of Health Basic Science, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - João Carlos Palazzo de Mello
- Department of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biology-Palafito, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
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Pereira KLG, Vasconcelos NBR, Braz JVC, InÁcio JDF, Estevam CS, Correa CB, Fernandes RPM, Almeida-Amaral EE, Scher R. Ethanolic extract of Croton blanchetianus Ball induces mitochondrial defects in Leishmania amazonensis promastigotes. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2020; 92:e20180968. [PMID: 33146273 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202020180968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 01/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Leishmaniasis is a neglected disease caused by Leishmania. Chemotherapy remains the mainstay for leishmaniasis control; however, available drugs fail to provide a parasitological cure, and are associated with high toxicity. Natural products are promising leads for the development of novel chemotherapeutics against leishmaniasis. This work investigated the leishmanicidal properties of ethanolic extract of Croton blanchetianus (EECb) on Leishmania infantum and Leishmania amazonensis, and found that EECb, rich in terpenic compounds, was active against promastigote and amastigote forms of both Leishmania species. Leishmania infantum promastigotes and amastigotes presented IC50 values of 208.6 and 8.8 μg/mL, respectively, whereas Leishmania amazonensis promastigotes and amastigotes presented IC50 values of 73.6 and 3.1 μg/mL, respectively. Promastigotes exposed to EECb (100 µg/mL) had their body cellular volume reduced and altered to a round shape, and the flagellum was duplicated, suggesting that EECb may interfere with the process of cytokinesis, which could be the cause of the decline in the parasite multiplication rate. Regarding possible EECb targets, a marked depolarization of the mitochondrial membrane potential was observed. No cytotoxic effects of EECb were observed in murine macrophages at concentrations below 60 µg/mL, and the CC50 obtained was 83.8 µg/mL. Thus, the present results indicated that EECb had effective and selective effects against Leishmania infantum and Leishmania amazonensis, and that these effects appeared to be mediated by mitochondrial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katily L G Pereira
- Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Av. Marechal Rondon, s/n, Rosa Elze, 49000-000 São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil
| | - Nancy B R Vasconcelos
- Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Av. Marechal Rondon, s/n, Rosa Elze, 49000-000 São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil
| | - Juliana V C Braz
- Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Av. Marechal Rondon, s/n, Rosa Elze, 49000-000 São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil
| | - Job D F InÁcio
- Instituto Oswaldo Cruz/FIOCRUZ, Av. Brasil, 4365, Manguinhos, 21040-900 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Charles S Estevam
- Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Av. Marechal Rondon, s/n, Rosa Elze, 49000-000 São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil
| | - Cristiane B Correa
- Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Av. Marechal Rondon, s/n, Rosa Elze, 49000-000 São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil
| | - Roberta P M Fernandes
- Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Av. Marechal Rondon, s/n, Rosa Elze, 49000-000 São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil
| | - Elmo E Almeida-Amaral
- Instituto Oswaldo Cruz/FIOCRUZ, Av. Brasil, 4365, Manguinhos, 21040-900 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Scher
- Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Av. Marechal Rondon, s/n, Rosa Elze, 49000-000 São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil
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Cortes S, Bruno de Sousa C, Morais T, Lago J, Campino L. Potential of the natural products against leishmaniasis in Old World - a review of in-vitro studies. Pathog Glob Health 2020; 114:170-182. [PMID: 32339079 DOI: 10.1080/20477724.2020.1754655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Leishmaniasis is a vector-borne disease among the 10 most Neglected Tropical Diseases with diverse clinical manifestations caused by protozoan parasites of the Leishmania genus. Around 80% of leishmaniasis cases are found in the Old World affecting populations mainly in low and middle-income countries. Its control relies mostly on chemotherapy which still presents many drawbacks. Natural products may offer an inexhaustible source of chemical diversity with therapeutic potential. Despite the lack of knowledge on traditional products with activity against Leishmania parasites, many reports describe the search for natural extracts and compounds with antileishmanial properties against promastigote and amastigote parasite forms. This review summarizes the research of 74 publications of the last decade (2008-2018) focused on the identification of endemic plant-derived products that are active against Old World Leishmania parasites responsible for cutaneous and visceral leishmaniasis. The present review combines data on antileishmanial activity of 423 plants species, belonging to 94 different families, including a large range of crude extracts which lead to the isolation of 86 active compounds. Most studied plants came from Asia and most promising plant families for antileishmanial activity were Asteraceae and Lamiaceae. From the chemical point of view, terpenoids were the most frequently isolated natural products. These studies suggest that natural products isolated from Old World flora are a rich source of new chemical scaffolds for future leishmaniasis treatment as well as for other Neglected Tropical Diseases warranting further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Cortes
- Global Health and Tropical Medicine, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, IHMT, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, UNL , Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Carolina Bruno de Sousa
- Global Health and Tropical Medicine, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, IHMT, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, UNL , Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Thiago Morais
- Instituto de Ciências Ambientais, Químicas e Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de São Paulo , São Paulo, Brazil.,Núcleo de Pesquisa Em Doenças Negligenciadas, Universidade de Guarulhos , São Paulo, Brazil
| | - João Lago
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal Do ABC , São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lenea Campino
- Global Health and Tropical Medicine, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, IHMT, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, UNL , Lisboa, Portugal
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Casanova LM, Rodrigues LM, de Aguiar PF, Tinoco LW. An NMR-Based Chemometric Strategy to Identify Leishmania donovani Nucleoside Hydrolase Inhibitors from the Brazilian Tree Ormosia arborea. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2020; 83:243-254. [PMID: 31985226 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.9b00622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Nucleoside hydrolases are a strategic target for the development of drugs to treat leishmaniasis, a neglected disease that affects 700 thousand to one million people annually. The present study aimed to identify Leishmania donovani nucleoside hydrolase (LdNH) inhibitors from the leaves of Ormosia arborea, a tree endemic to Brazilian ecosystems, through a strategy based on 1H NMR analyses and chemometrics. The aqueous EtOH extract of O. arborea leaves inhibited LdNH activity by 95%. The extract was fractionated in triplicate (13 in each step, making a total of 39 fractions). Partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) was used to correlate the 1H NMR spectra of the fractions with their LdNH inhibitory activity and thus to identify the spectral regions associated with the bioactivity. The strategy aimed at isolating the probable bioactive substances and led to two new A-type proanthocyanidins, linked to a p-coumaroyl unit (1 and 2), which appeared as noncompetitive inhibitors of LdNH (IC50: 28.2 ± 3.0 μM and 25.6 ± 4.1 μM, respectively). This study confirms the usefulness of the NMR-based chemometric methods to accelerate the discovery of drugs from natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Livia Marques Casanova
- Instituto de Pesquisas de Produtos Naturais, Centro de Ciências da Sau'de, Cidade Universita'ria , Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro , 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro , RJ , Brazil
| | - Luanna Monteiro Rodrigues
- Instituto de Pesquisas de Produtos Naturais, Centro de Ciências da Sau'de, Cidade Universita'ria , Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro , 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro , RJ , Brazil
| | - Paula Fernandes de Aguiar
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Instituto de Química, Centro de Ciências Matemáticas e da Natureza, Cidade Universitária , Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro , 21941-909 Rio de Janeiro , RJ , Brazil
| | - Luzineide Wanderley Tinoco
- Instituto de Pesquisas de Produtos Naturais, Centro de Ciências da Sau'de, Cidade Universita'ria , Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro , 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro , RJ , Brazil
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Dimmer J, Cabral FV, Sabino CP, Silva CR, Núñez-Montoya SC, Cabrera JL, Ribeiro MS. Natural anthraquinones as novel photosentizers for antiparasitic photodynamic inactivation. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 61:152894. [PMID: 31054439 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2019.152894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Revised: 02/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is a vector-borne disease caused by obligate protist parasites from the genus Leishmania. The potential toxicity as well as the increased resistance of standard treatments has encouraged the development of new therapeutical strategies. Photodynamic inactivation (PDI) combines the use of a photosensitizer and light to generate reactive oxygen species and kill cells, including microorganisms. Vegetal kingdom constitutes an important source of bioactive compounds that deserve to be investigated in the search of naturally occurring drugs with leishmanicidal activity. PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to test the antiparasitic activity of PDI (ApPDI) of five natural anthraquinones (AQs) obtained from Heterophyllaea lycioides (Rusby) Sandwith (Rubiacae). To support our results, effect of AQ mediated-PDI on parasite´s morphology and AQ uptake were studied. Cytotoxicity on fibroblasts was also evaluated. STUDY DESIGN/METHODS Two monomers, soranjidiol (Sor) and 5-chlorosoranjidiol (5-ClSor) plus three bi-anthraquinones (bi-AQs), bisoranjidiol (Bisor), 7-chlorobisoranjidiol (7-ClBisor) and Lycionine (Lyc) were selected for this study. Recombinant L. amazonensis promastigote strain expressing luciferase was subjected to AQs and LED treatment. Following irradiation with variable light parameters, cell viability was quantified by bioluminescence. Alteration on parasite's morphology was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). In addition, we verified the AQ uptake in Leishmania cells by fluorescence and their toxicity on fibroblasts by using MTT assay. RESULTS Bisor, Sor and 5-ClSor exhibited photodynamic effect on L. amazonensis. SEM showed that promastigotes treated with Bisor-mediated PDI exhibited a significant alteration in shape and size. Sor and 5-ClSor presented higher uptake levels than bi-AQs (Bisor, Lyc and 7-ClBisor). Finally, Sor and Bisor presented the lowest toxic activity against fibroblasts. CONCLUSION Taking together, our results indicate that Sor presents the highest specificity towards Leishmania cells with no toxicity on fibroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesica Dimmer
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (IMBIV), CONICET. Av. Vélez Sarsfield 1666. CP: X5016GCN Córdoba, Argentina; Dpto. Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Fac. Cs. Qcas. Universidad Nacional Córdoba. CP: X5000HUA Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Fernanda V Cabral
- Centro de Lasers e Aplicações, Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares (IPEN-CNEN/SP) - Av. Lineu Prestes 2242, Cidade Universitária "Armando de Sales Oliveira", CEP 05508-000 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Caetano Padial Sabino
- Centro de Lasers e Aplicações, Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares (IPEN-CNEN/SP) - Av. Lineu Prestes 2242, Cidade Universitária "Armando de Sales Oliveira", CEP 05508-000 São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Biolambda, Translational Biophotonics LTD, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Camila Ramos Silva
- Centro de Lasers e Aplicações, Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares (IPEN-CNEN/SP) - Av. Lineu Prestes 2242, Cidade Universitária "Armando de Sales Oliveira", CEP 05508-000 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Susana C Núñez-Montoya
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (IMBIV), CONICET. Av. Vélez Sarsfield 1666. CP: X5016GCN Córdoba, Argentina; Dpto. Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Fac. Cs. Qcas. Universidad Nacional Córdoba. CP: X5000HUA Córdoba, Argentina
| | - José Luis Cabrera
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (IMBIV), CONICET. Av. Vélez Sarsfield 1666. CP: X5016GCN Córdoba, Argentina; Dpto. Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Fac. Cs. Qcas. Universidad Nacional Córdoba. CP: X5000HUA Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Martha S Ribeiro
- Centro de Lasers e Aplicações, Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares (IPEN-CNEN/SP) - Av. Lineu Prestes 2242, Cidade Universitária "Armando de Sales Oliveira", CEP 05508-000 São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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Caballero-Serrano V, McLaren B, Carrasco JC, Alday JG, Fiallos L, Amigo J, Onaindia M. Traditional ecological knowledge and medicinal plant diversity in Ecuadorian Amazon home gardens. Glob Ecol Conserv 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gecco.2019.e00524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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The In Vitro Effect of Hydroalcoholic Extract of Artemisia absinthium on the Growth of Leishmania major (MRHO/IR/75/ER) in Peritoneal Macrophages from BALB/c Mice. Jundishapur J Microbiol 2018. [DOI: 10.5812/jjm.77302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
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Oliveira IDSDS, Moragas Tellis CJ, Chagas MDSDS, Behrens MD, Calabrese KDS, Abreu-Silva AL, Almeida-Souza F. Carapa guianensis Aublet (Andiroba) Seed Oil: Chemical Composition and Antileishmanial Activity of Limonoid-Rich Fractions. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:5032816. [PMID: 30258850 PMCID: PMC6146648 DOI: 10.1155/2018/5032816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Leishmaniasis is a complex of diseases caused by protozoa of the genus Leishmania and affects millions of people around the world. Several species of plants are used by traditional communities for the treatment of this disease, among which is Carapa guianensis Aubl. (Meliaceae), popularly known as andiroba. The objective of the present work was to conduct a chemical study of C. guianensis seed oil and its limonoid-rich fractions, with the aim of identifying its secondary metabolites, particularly the limonoids, in addition to investigating its anti-Leishmania potential. The chemical analyses of the C. guianensis seed oil and fractions were obtained by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS). The cytotoxic activity was tested against peritoneal macrophages, and antileishmanial activity was evaluated against promastigotes and intracellular amastigotes of Leishmania amazonensis. All the C. guianensis seed oil samples analyzed exhibited the same pattern of fatty acids, while the limonoids 7-deacetoxy-7-hydroxygedunin, deacetyldihydrogedunin, deoxygedunin, andirobin, gedunin, 11β-hydroxygedunin, 17-glycolyldeoxygedunin, 6α-acetoxygedunin, and 6α,11β-diacetoxygedunin were identified in the limonoid-rich fractions of the oil. The C. guianensis seed oil did not exhibit antileishmanial activity, and cytotoxicity was higher than 1000 μg/mL. Three limonoid-rich oil fractions demonstrated activity against promastigotes (IC50 of 10.53±0.050, 25.3±0.057, and 56.9±0.043μg/mL) and intracellular amastigotes (IC50 of 27.31±0.091, 78.42±0.086, and 352.2±0.145 μg/mL) of L. amazonensis, as well as cytotoxicity against peritoneal macrophages (CC50 of 78.55±1.406, 139.0±1.523, and 607.7±1.217 μg/mL). The anti-Leishmania activity of the limonoid-rich fractions of C. guianensis can be attributed to the limonoids 11β-hydroxygedunin and 6α,11β-diacetoxygedunin detected in the chemical analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Maria Dutra Behrens
- Laboratório de Produtos Naturais 5, Farmanguinhos, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Kátia da Silva Calabrese
- Laboratório de Imunomodulação e Protozoologia, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Fernando Almeida-Souza
- Laboratório de Imunomodulação e Protozoologia, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Mestrado em Ciência Animal, Universidade Estadual do Maranhão, São Luís, Brazil
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