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Khamwut A, Klomkliew P, Jumpathong W, Kaewsapsak P, Chanchaem P, Sivapornnukul P, Chantanakat K, T-Thienprasert NP, Payungporn S. In vitro evaluation of the anti‑breast cancer properties and gene expression profiles of Thai traditional formulary medicine extracts. Biomed Rep 2023; 19:70. [PMID: 37719681 PMCID: PMC10502604 DOI: 10.3892/br.2023.1652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Moreover, standard treatments are limited, so new alternative treatments are required. Thai traditional formulary medicine (TTFM) utilizes certain herbs to treat different diseases due to their dominant properties including anti-fungal, anti-bacterial, antigenotoxic, anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer actions. However, very little is known about the anti-cancer properties of TTFM against breast cancer cells and the underlying molecular mechanism has not been elucidated. Therefore, the present study, evaluated the metabolite profiles of TTFM extracts, the anti-cancer activities of TTFM extracts, their effects on the apoptosis pathway and associated gene expression profiles. Liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectroscopy analysis identified a total of 226 compounds within the TTFM extracts. Several of these compounds have been previously shown to have an anti-cancer effect in certain cancer types. The MTT results demonstrated that the TTFM extracts significantly reduced the cell viability of the breast cancer 4T1 and MDA-MB-231 cell lines. Moreover, an apoptosis assay, demonstrated that the TTFM extracts significantly increased the proportion of apoptotic cells. Furthermore, the RNA-sequencing results demonstrated that 25 known genes were affected by TTFM treatment in 4T1 cells. TTFM treatment significantly up-regulated Slc5a8 and Arhgap9 expression compared with untreated cells. Moreover, Cybb, and Bach2os were significantly downregulated after TTFM treatment compared with untreated cells. Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR demonstrated that TTFM extract treatment significantly increased Slc5a8 and Arhgap9 mRNA expression levels and significantly decreased Cybb mRNA expression levels. Moreover, the mRNA expression levels of Bax and Casp9 were significantly increased after TTFM treatment in 4T1 cells compared with EpH4-Ev cells. These findings indicated anti-breast cancer activity via induction of the apoptotic process. However, further experiments are required to elucidate how TTFM specifically regulates genes and proteins. This study supports the potential usage of TTFM extracts for the development of anti-cancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariya Khamwut
- Program in Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Systems Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Pavit Klomkliew
- Center of Excellence in Systems Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | | | - Pornchai Kaewsapsak
- Center of Excellence in Systems Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Prangwalai Chanchaem
- Center of Excellence in Systems Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Pavaret Sivapornnukul
- Center of Excellence in Systems Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Kridsana Chantanakat
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | | | - Sunchai Payungporn
- Center of Excellence in Systems Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
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Zhou Q, Chen Y, Wang J, Li M, Zeng W, Wang Y, Li Y, Zhao H. A comparative study of the chloroplast genomes of five Lepidium species with high medicinal value. FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2023; 50:29-45. [PMID: 36043226 DOI: 10.1071/fp22052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Plantgenomics is a rapidly developing field in medicinal plant research. This study analysed the relevant information of chloroplasts genome sequences of five medicinal plants from the genus Lepidium . We sequenced the complete chloroplast (cp) genomes of Lepidium apetalum Willd. and Lepidium perfoliatum Linnaeus., and assessed their genetic profiles against the reported profiles of Lepidium sativum Linnaeus., Lepidium meyenii Walp., and Lepidium virginicum Linn. We found that L. apetalum and L. perfoliatum possessed 130 distinct genes that included 85 protein-coding, 37 transfer RNA (tRNA), and eight ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes. Our repeat analyses revealed that L. apetalum harboured 20 direct repeats, 16 palindrome repeats, 30 tandem repeats, and 87 simple sequence repeats, whereas, L. perfoliatum had 15 direct repeats, 20 palindrome repeats, four reverse repeats, 21 tandem repeats, and 98 simple sequence repeats. Using syntenic analysis, we also revealed a high degree of sequence similarity within the coding regions of Lepidium medicinal plant cp genomes, and a high degree of divergence among the intergenic spacers. Pairwise alignment and single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) examinations further revealed certain Lepidium -specific gene fragments. Codon usage analysis showed that codon 14 was the most frequently used codon in the Lepidium coding sequences. Further, correlation investigations suggest that L. apetalum and L. perfoliatum originate from similar genetic backgrounds. Analysis of codon usage bias of Lepidium cp genome was strongly influenced by mutation and natural selection. We showed that L. apetalum and L. perfoliatum will likely enhance breeding, species recognition, phylogenetic evolution, and cp genetic engineering of the Lepidium medicinal plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Ecology of Pamirs Plateau in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, College of Life and Geography Sciences, Kashi University, Kashi, China
| | - Yun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Ecology of Pamirs Plateau in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, College of Life and Geography Sciences, Kashi University, Kashi, China
| | - Jilian Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Ecology of Pamirs Plateau in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, College of Life and Geography Sciences, Kashi University, Kashi, China
| | - Mingyuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Ecology of Pamirs Plateau in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, College of Life and Geography Sciences, Kashi University, Kashi, China
| | - Weijun Zeng
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Special Species Conservation and Regulatory Biology, College of Life Science, Xinjiang Normal University, Urumqi, China
| | - Yuzhou Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Ecology of Pamirs Plateau in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, College of Life and Geography Sciences, Kashi University, Kashi, China
| | - Yanhong Li
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Special Species Conservation and Regulatory Biology, College of Life Science, Xinjiang Normal University, Urumqi, China
| | - Huixin Zhao
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Special Species Conservation and Regulatory Biology, College of Life Science, Xinjiang Normal University, Urumqi, China
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Ibrahim EH, Ghramh HA, Alshehri A, Kilany M, Khalofah A, El-Mekkawy HI, Sayed MA, Alothaid H, Taha R. Lepidium sativum and Its Biogenic Silver Nanoparticles Activate Immune Cells and Induce Apoptosis and Cell Cycle Arrest in HT-29 Colon Cancer Cells. J BIOMATER TISS ENG 2021. [DOI: 10.1166/jbt.2021.2551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
There is an increased demand for plants with antioxidants and anticancer properties. Lepidium sativum L. is an edible plant with medical importance. In this study, we aimed to investigate the anticancer activity; antioxidant capacity and antibacterial impact of Lepidium sativum
L. seed acetone extract (LSSAExt), alone and with its biogenic silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). LSSAExt-produced AgNPs were characterized using SEM, XRD and Vis/UV analysis. Biomolecules in LSSAExt and LSSAExt + AgNPs were explored utilizing FTIR. The ability of LSSAExt and LSSAExt + AgNPs to
induce apoptosis and mitotic cell arrest in the HT-29 colon cancer cells, compared to normal and repeated cell division activated splenic cells was determined by florescent stains and flow cytometry. Antibacterial power was tested using well diffusion technique. LSSAExt and LSSAExt + AgNPs
showed a good antibacterial impact. LSSAExt contains ROS, which could help in cancer cells apoptosis. LSSAExt and LSSAExt+AgNPs were not toxic to splenic cells and increased the rate of their cell division. LSSAExt and LSSAExt+AgNPs increased p53 expression and could arrest cell division of
HT-29 colon cancer cells but not of normal fast dividing cells. LSSAExt and LSSAExt+AgNPs caused apoptosis in cancer cells rather than necrosis. In conclusion, acetone preparation of the edible plant L. sativum is a good antibacterial agent, good anticancer preparation at least against
colon cancer as it is shown to be targeted, effective and can boost immune cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Essam H. Ibrahim
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hamed A. Ghramh
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Alshehri
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mona Kilany
- Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahlam Khalofah
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Haitham I. El-Mekkawy
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmoud A. Sayed
- Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hani Alothaid
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Al-Baha University, Al-Baha, 4781, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ramadan Taha
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
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Zhong C, Yu Q, Jia W, Yu X, Yu D, Yang M, Wang L, Ling C, Zhu L. Mechanism for enhanced transduction of hematopoietic cells by recombinant adeno-associated virus serotype 6 vectors. FASEB J 2020; 34:12379-12391. [PMID: 32960474 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201902875r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Hematopoietic gene delivery, such as hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs), is a promising treatment for both inherited and acquired diseases, such as hemophilia. Recently, a combined strategy to achieve more than 90% transduction efficiency was documented using recombinant adeno-associated virus serotype 6 (rAAV6) vectors. However, the mechanisms of enhanced vector transduction efficiency in hematopoietic cells are largely unknown. In this manuscript, we first reported that proteasome inhibitors, which are well-known to facilitate rAAV intracellular trafficking in various cell types, are not effective in hematopoietic cells. From the screening of small molecules derived from traditional Chinese medicine, we demonstrated that shikonin, a potential reactive oxygen species (ROS) generator, significantly increased the in vitro and ex vivo transgene expression mediated by rAAV6 vectors in hematopoietic cells, including human cord blood-derived CD34 + HSPCs. Shikonin mainly targeted vector intracellular trafficking, instead of host cell entry or endonuclear single to double strand vector DNA transition, in a vector serotype-dependent manner. Moreover, a ROS scavenger completely prevented the capability of shikonin to enhance rAAV6 vector-mediated transgene expression. Taken together, these studies expand our understanding of rAAV6-mediated transduction in hematopoietic cells and are informative for improving rAAV6-based treatment of blood diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Zhong
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qin Yu
- Graduate School, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wentao Jia
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Yu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dandan Yu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Ming Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lina Wang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Changquan Ling
- Graduate School, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liqing Zhu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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Huang TY, Peng SF, Huang YP, Tsai CH, Tsai FJ, Huang CY, Tang CH, Yang JS, Hsu YM, Yin MC, Huang WW, Chung JG. Combinational treatment of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and bisdemethoxycurcumin (BDMC)-induced apoptosis in liver cancer Hep3B cells. J Food Biochem 2019; 44:e13122. [PMID: 31837044 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Revised: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The effects of two-drug combination, all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and bisdemethoxycurcumin (BDMC), on apoptosis induction of liver cancer cells were investigated in human liver Hep 3B cells. Two-drug combination caused a more effective decrease in cell viability and in induction of S phase arrest, DNA damage, and cell apoptosis than that of ATRA or BDMC only. Also, the two-drug combination caused more cells to undergo significantly increased ROS productions when compared to that of ATRA or BDMC only. Results of Western blotting demonstrated that two-drug combination increased expressions of Fas, pro-apoptotic proteins, and active form of caspase-3 and -9, but decreased that of anti-apoptotic proteins and XIAP than that of ATRA or BDMC only in Hep 3B cells. In conclusion, ATRA combined with BDMC enhance cell apoptosis and associated protein expression in Hep 3B cells. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Bisdemethoxycurcumin (BDMC) derived from natural plants, turmeric (Curcuma longa), which had been used for Asia food for thousands of years. All-trans retinoid acid (ATRA) is currently used as a primary treatment for patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia. In previous study, ATRA and BDMC were reported to have anti-inflammatory and anticancer effects. Our results showed that treatment of ATRA combined with BDMC showed more effectively apoptosis than that of ATRA or BDMC only in Hep 3B cells. The findings also provided possible pathways concerning the induction of liver cancer cell apoptosis. We conclude that ATRA combined with BDMC may be potent anticancer agents or adjuvants for liver cancer therapy in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Yi Huang
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Fen Peng
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ping Huang
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Hai Tsai
- China Medical University Children's Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Healthcare Administration, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Fuu-Jen Tsai
- China Medical University Children's Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,School of Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yang Huang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Chinese Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Biotechnology, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsin Tang
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jai-Sing Yang
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Man Hsu
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Chin Yin
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Food Nutrition and Health Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Wen Huang
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Gung Chung
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Biotechnology, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
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