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Nóbrega AHL, Pimentel RS, Prado AP, Garcia J, Frozza RL, Bernardi A. Neuroinflammation in Glioblastoma: The Role of the Microenvironment in Tumour Progression. Curr Cancer Drug Targets 2024; 24:579-594. [PMID: 38310461 DOI: 10.2174/0115680096265849231031101449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) stands as the most aggressive and lethal among the main types of primary brain tumors. It exhibits malignant growth, infiltrating the brain tissue, and displaying resistance toward treatment. GBM is a complex disease characterized by high degrees of heterogeneity. During tumour growth, microglia and astrocytes, among other cells, infiltrate the tumour microenvironment and contribute extensively to gliomagenesis. Tumour-associated macrophages (TAMs), either of peripheral origin or representing brain-intrinsic microglia, are the most numerous nonneoplastic populations in the tumour microenvironment in GBM. The complex heterogeneous nature of GBM cells is facilitated by the local inflammatory tumour microenvironment, which mostly induces tumour aggressiveness and drug resistance. The immunosuppressive tumour microenvironment of GBM provides multiple pathways for tumour immune evasion, contributing to tumour progression. Additionally, TAMs and astrocytes can contribute to tumour progression through the release of cytokines and activation of signalling pathways. In this review, we summarize the role of the microenvironment in GBM progression, focusing on neuroinflammation. These recent advancements in research of the microenvironment hold the potential to offer a promising approach to the treatment of GBM in the coming times.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rafael Sampaio Pimentel
- Laboratory of Inflammation, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro/RJ, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Prado
- Laboratory of Inflammation, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro/RJ, Brazil
| | - Jenifer Garcia
- Laboratory of Inflammation, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro/RJ, Brazil
| | - Rudimar Luiz Frozza
- Laboratory on Thymus Research, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro/RJ, Brazil
| | - Andressa Bernardi
- Laboratory of Inflammation, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro/RJ, Brazil
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Deng Y, Zeng K, Wu D, Ling Y, Tian Y, Zheng Y, Fang S, Jiang X, Zhu G, Tu Y. FBLIM1 mRNA is a novel prognostic biomarker and is associated with immune infiltrates in glioma. Open Med (Wars) 2023; 18:20230863. [PMID: 38152333 PMCID: PMC10751895 DOI: 10.1515/med-2023-0863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioma is the most common primary brain tumor. Filamin-binding LIM protein 1 (FBLIM1) has been identified in multiple cancers and is suspected of playing a part in the development of tumors. However, the potential function of FBLIM1 mRNA in glioma has not been investigated. In this study, the clinical information and transcriptome data of glioma patients were, respectively, retrieved from the TCGA and CGGA databases. The expression level of FBLIM1 mRNA was shown to be aberrant in a wide variety of malignancies. Significantly, when glioma samples were compared to normal brain samples, FBLIM1 expression was shown to be significantly elevated in the former. A poor prognosis was related to high FBLIM1 expression, which was linked to more advanced clinical stages. Notably, multivariate analyses demonstrated that FBLIM1 expression was an independent predictor for the overall survival of glioma patients. Immune infiltration analysis disclosed that FBLIM1 expression had relevance with many immune cells. The results of RT-PCR suggested that FBLIM1 expression was markedly elevated in glioma specimens. Functional experiments unveiled that the knockdown of FBLIM1 mRNA suppressed glioma cell proliferation. In general, we initially discovered that FBLIM1 mRNA might be a possible prognostic marker in glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Deng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Huizhou Central People’s Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Huizhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Kailiang Zeng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Huizhou Central People’s Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Huizhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Diancheng Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Huizhou Central People’s Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Huizhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yunzhi Ling
- Research Center, The Huizhou Central People’s Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Huizhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yu Tian
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Huizhou Central People’s Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Huizhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yi Zheng
- Research Center, The Huizhou Central People’s Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Huizhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shumin Fang
- Research Center, The Huizhou Central People’s Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Huizhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaocong Jiang
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Huizhou Central People’s Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Huizhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Gang Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Huizhou Central People’s Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Huizhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yanyang Tu
- Research Center, The Huizhou Central People’s Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Huizhou, Guangdong, China
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