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Saiz-Pardo-Pinos AJ, Manzano-Moreno FJ, Muñoz-Soto E, González-Rodríguez MP, Romero-Olid N, Olmedo-Gaya MV. Analysis of the Prognostic Factors That Influence the Outcome of Periapical Surgery, including Biomimetic Membranes for Tissue Regeneration: A Review. Biomimetics (Basel) 2024; 9:258. [PMID: 38786468 PMCID: PMC11117633 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics9050258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to analyze the prognostic factors that influence the outcome of periapical surgery. A systematic search of the literature was carried out using PubMed and Scopus databases between January 2000 and December 2023 with no language limitations. The PICO question of the present systematic review was: What prognostic factors may influence the outcome of periapical surgery? The most relevant randomized controlled clinical trials (RCTs), prospective clinical trials, retrospective studies, and meta-analyses (n = 44) were selected from 134 articles. The reviewed literature evidenced that bone-lesion healing could significantly be improved by the absence of deep periodontal pockets (>4 mm), localization in anterior teeth, the absence of pain and/or preoperative symptoms, a size of bone lesion < 5 mm, the use of ultrasound, the correct placement of retrograde filling material, and the use of different biomimetic membranes for guided tissue regeneration (GTR). Some preoperative and intraoperative factors could significantly improve the prognosis of periapical surgery. However, these results were not conclusive, and further high-quality research is required.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Francisco J. Manzano-Moreno
- Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (M.P.G.-R.); (N.R.-O.); (M.V.O.-G.)
| | - Esther Muñoz-Soto
- Master of Oral Surgery and Implant Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain;
| | - María Paloma González-Rodríguez
- Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (M.P.G.-R.); (N.R.-O.); (M.V.O.-G.)
| | - Nuria Romero-Olid
- Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (M.P.G.-R.); (N.R.-O.); (M.V.O.-G.)
| | - María Victoria Olmedo-Gaya
- Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (M.P.G.-R.); (N.R.-O.); (M.V.O.-G.)
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Yan Y, Li J, Zhu H, Liu J, Ren J, Zou L. CBCT evaluation of root canal morphology and anatomical relationship of root of maxillary second premolar to maxillary sinus in a western Chinese population. BMC Oral Health 2021; 21:358. [PMID: 34284763 PMCID: PMC8290624 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-021-01714-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To evaluate the root anatomy, root canal morphology and the anatomical relationship between the roots and maxillary sinus of maxillary second premolars by CBCT in a western Chinese population. METHODS A total of 1118 CBCT scans of the maxillary second premolars were collected from West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University. Information below were measured on axial, coronal and sagittal sections, recorded and evaluated properly: the number of roots and canals, the morphology of canal system classified by Vertucci standard, the inter-orifice distance of canal orifices, the curvature of each canal and the distance from root tip to maxillary sinus floor. RESULTS Among the 1118 teeth, 94.2% (1053) are single-rooted and 55.1% (616) have one canal. Type I (55.1%) is the commonest root canal morphology followed by Type II (31.9%). The mean inter-orifice distance (IOD) for multi-canal teeth ranging from 2.72 ± 0.32 to 3.41 ± 0.11 mm. Of 1622 canals, 38.8% (630) curvature are mesiodistal and 30.9% (501) are straight canals. The distance from root tip to maxillary sinus floor increased with age and the mean distance of single-rooted ones is 2.47 ± 3.45 mm. CONCLUSIONS All kinds of canal morphology category can be detected in maxillary second premolars. The IOD might be a predictable factor for root canal morphology. Roots of maxillary second premolars are related to maxillary sinus which should be treated carefully.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujia Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - JingLin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Hualing Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041 , China
| | - Jiayin Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral Radiology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Ling Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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Silva AALS, Franco A, Fernandes Â, Costa C, Barbosa JS, Westphalen FH. Accuracy of linear measurements performed with two imaging software in cone-beam computed tomography scans of dry human mandibles. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2017; 89:2865-2873. [PMID: 29236870 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765201720170227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to assess the accuracy of linear measurements performed with two software packages in multislice (MSCT) and cone beam (CBCT) computed tomography (CT) images. The sample consisted of 10 human mandibles marked standardly 8 times with metallic orthodontic wires. The mandibles underwent both MSCT and CBCT scanning and were measured linearly and digitally with two software packages, namely Studio 3.1® (Anne Solutions®, SP, Brazil) (ST) and Implant Viewer 2.817® (Anne Solutions®, SP, Brazil) (IV). The linear measurements were the mandibular height (MH) and width (MW), and the distance from the alveolar ridge to the mandibular canal (AC). To validate the measurements, the mandibles were sectioned in the marked regions and measured with a digital caliper. Statistically significant differences were not observed between the measurements (MH, MW, and AC) taken digitally with the two software packages from images obtained from the two scanning modalities (MSCT and CBCT) and the measurements taken manually with a digital caliper (p>0.05). MSCT and CBCT images measured digitally with ST and IV software packages resulted in reliable outcomes when compared to measurements obtained manually. Both software and imaging modalities are reliably useful for planning surgical procedure in the dental practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro A L S Silva
- Departamento de Odontologia, Escola de Ciências da Vida, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná/PUCPR, Rua Imaculada Conceição, 1155, Prado Velho, 80215-901 Curitiba, PR, Brazil.,Departamento de Educação Tecnológica, Centro Universitário de Várzea Grande/UNIVAG, Av. Dom Orlando Chaves, 2655, Cristo Rei, 78118-900 Várzea Grande, MT, Brazil
| | - Ademir Franco
- Departamento de Estomatologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná /UFPR, Av. Lothário Meissner, 632, Jardim Botânico, 80210-170 Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Ângela Fernandes
- Departamento de Estomatologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná /UFPR, Av. Lothário Meissner, 632, Jardim Botânico, 80210-170 Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Claudio Costa
- Departamento de Estomatologia, Universidade de São Paulo/USP, Av. Professor Lineu Prestes, 2227, Butantã, 05508-000 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Jorge S Barbosa
- Departamento de Estomatologia, Universidade de São Paulo/USP, Av. Professor Lineu Prestes, 2227, Butantã, 05508-000 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Fernando H Westphalen
- Departamento de Odontologia, Escola de Ciências da Vida, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná/PUCPR, Rua Imaculada Conceição, 1155, Prado Velho, 80215-901 Curitiba, PR, Brazil.,Departamento de Estomatologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná /UFPR, Av. Lothário Meissner, 632, Jardim Botânico, 80210-170 Curitiba, PR, Brazil
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Nishihara K, Yoshimine SI, Goto T, Ishihata K, Kume KI, Yoshimura T, Nakamura N, Arasaki A. Topographic analysis of the maxillary premolars relative to the maxillary sinus and the alveolar bone using cone beam computed tomography. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2017; 123:606-612. [PMID: 28407987 DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2017.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2016] [Revised: 12/23/2016] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of the present study was to elucidate the anatomic characteristics of the maxillary premolars for the planning of dental treatment using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). STUDY DESIGN CBCT images were obtained for 150 maxillary premolars in 68 patients. The internal angle formed by the long axis of the maxillary premolars and the long axis of the alveolar bone was evaluated on the cross-sectional images. The vertical relationships between the maxillary premolars and the maxillary sinus were classified into 5 categories. The bone width and internal angle were compared among the images classified into the 5 categories. RESULTS The internal angle was 25.5 ± 6.9° at the maxillary first premolars. The incidence of Type I in the maxillary first premolars was 46.7%. In the maxillary second premolars, the incidence of Type I (14.7%) was significantly lower than the total incidence of Types II, III, IV, and V (85.3%). Type I had the significantly largest internal angle (28.0 ± 7.7°) among all types for the maxillary first premolars. CONCLUSION When considering dental treatment in the maxillary premolars, one should observe the inclination of the maxillary premolars to the alveolar bone as well as the position of the inferior wall of the maxillary sinus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhide Nishihara
- Associate Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Functional Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyu, Okinawa, Japan.
| | - Shin-Ichiro Yoshimine
- Associate Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Field of Oral and Maxillofacial Rehabilitation, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Takahiro Goto
- Research Associate, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of the Ryukyu Hospital, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Kiyohide Ishihata
- Research Associate, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Field of Oral and Maxillofacial Rehabilitation, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Kume
- Research Associate, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Field of Oral and Maxillofacial Rehabilitation, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Takuya Yoshimura
- Graduate Student, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Field of Oral and Maxillofacial Rehabilitation, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Norifumi Nakamura
- Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Field of Oral and Maxillofacial Rehabilitation, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Akira Arasaki
- Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Functional Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyu, Okinawa, Japan
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Serrano-Giménez M, Sánchez-Torres A, Gay-Escoda C. Prognostic factors on periapical surgery: A systematic review. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal 2015; 20:e715-22. [PMID: 26449431 PMCID: PMC4670252 DOI: 10.4317/medoral.20613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2015] [Accepted: 05/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Analyze the most important prognostic factors when performing periapical surgery and compare the success rates of distinct authors. Introduction Periapical surgery is an approach to treat non-healing periapical lesions and it should be viewed as an extension of endodontic treatment and not as a separate entity. Material and Methods A search of articles published in Cochrane, PubMed (MEDLINE) and Scopus was conducted with the key words “prognostic factors”, “prognosis”, “periapical surgery”, “endodontic surgery” and “surgical endodontic treatment”. The inclusion criteria were articles including at least 10 patients, published in English, for the last 10 years. The exclusion criteria were nonhuman studies and case reports. Results 33 articles were selected from 321 initially found. Ten articles from 33 were excluded and finally the systematic review included 23 articles: 1 metaanalysis, 1 systematic review, 2 randomized clinical trials, 6 reviews, 12 prospective studies and 1 retrospective study. They were stratified according to their level of scientific evidence using the SORT criteria. Conclusions Factors associated with a better outcome of periapical surgery are patients ≤45 years old, upper anterior or premolar teeth, ≤10 sized lesions, non cystic lesions, absence of preoperative signs and symptoms, lesions without periodontal involvement, teeth with an adequate root-filling length, MTA as root-end filling material, uniradicular teeth, absence of perforating lesions, apical resection < 3 mm, teeth not associated to an oroantral fistula and teeth with only one periapical surgery. Key words:Prognostic factors, prognosis, periapical surgery, endodontic surgery and surgical endodontic treatment.
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Nunes CABCM, Guedes OA, Alencar AHG, Peters OA, Estrela CRA, Estrela C. Evaluation of Periapical Lesions and Their Association with Maxillary Sinus Abnormalities on Cone-beam Computed Tomographic Images. J Endod 2015; 42:42-6. [PMID: 26521148 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2015.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2015] [Revised: 09/21/2015] [Accepted: 09/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Periapical inflammation is often responsible for distinct maxillary sinus (MS) changes. This retrospective, cross-sectional study evaluated the association between the clinical characteristics of periapical lesions (presence, size, and distance) in maxillary posterior teeth and the presence of sinus abnormalities by evaluating cone-beam computed tomographic (CBCT) images obtained from an archived collection. Apart from sex, no other patient information was available. METHODS The study sample was composed of CBCT images of 143 MSs of patients with at least 1 maxillary posterior tooth with a periapical lesion and 178 MSs of patients without periapical radiolucent lesions. Sinus abnormalities were classified as mucosal thickening, sinus polyp, antral pseudocyst, nonspecific opacification, periostitis, and antral calcification; periapical radiolucent areas were classified using the CBCT periapical index, and the distance between the periapical lesion edge and the MS floor was measured. Data were analyzed using chi-square tests at a level of significance set at α = 0.05. RESULTS Most sinus abnormalities were associated with at least 1 maxillary posterior tooth with a periapical lesion (P > .05). The most frequent sinus abnormality in the presence of a periapical lesion was mucosal thickening. All teeth with a CBCT periapical index score of 5 were associated with sinus abnormalities. The highest frequency of abnormalities was found when the radiolucent area was subjacent to the sinus floor. CONCLUSIONS Maxillary posterior teeth with periapical radiolucent lesions had the highest frequency of sinus abnormalities. The size of a periapical lesion was not associated with the frequency of sinus abnormalities. A close spatial relationship between periapical lesions and sinuses resulted most frequently in sinus abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla A B C M Nunes
- Department of Stomatology, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | | | | | - Ove A Peters
- Department of Endodontics, Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry, University of the Pacific, San Francisco, California
| | - Cyntia R A Estrela
- Department of Oral Sciences, University of Cuiabá, Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brazil
| | - Carlos Estrela
- Department of Stomatology, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil.
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Outcome of nonsurgical retreatment and endodontic microsurgery: a meta-analysis. Clin Oral Investig 2015; 19:569-82. [DOI: 10.1007/s00784-015-1398-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2014] [Accepted: 01/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Chen YL, Chang HH, Chiang YC, Lin CP. Application and development of ultrasonics in dentistry. J Formos Med Assoc 2013; 112:659-65. [PMID: 23810702 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2013.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2013] [Revised: 05/07/2013] [Accepted: 05/11/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the 1950s, dentistry's ultrasonic instruments have developed rapidly. Because of better visualization, operative convenience, and precise cutting ability, ultrasonic instruments are widely and efficiently applied in the dental field. This article describes the development and improvement of ultrasonic instruments in several dental fields. Although some issues still need clarification, the results of previous studies indicate that ultrasonic instruments have a high potential to become convenient and efficient dental tools and deserve further development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Liang Chen
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry and National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Tsesis I, Rosen E, Taschieri S, Telishevsky Strauss Y, Ceresoli V, Del Fabbro M. Outcomes of Surgical Endodontic Treatment Performed by a Modern Technique: An Updated Meta-analysis of the Literature. J Endod 2013; 39:332-9. [PMID: 23402503 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2012.11.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2012] [Revised: 11/21/2012] [Accepted: 11/26/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Taschieri S, Fabbro MD, Corbella S, Weinstein T, Rosano G, Tsesis I. Endoscopic minimally invasive management of a periradicular lesion invading the maxillary sinus. J Oral Sci 2012; 53:533-8. [PMID: 22167042 DOI: 10.2334/josnusd.53.533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
A referred patient presented with a lesion of endodontic origin located at the apex of tooth #27. The tooth had been endodontically treated and re-treated. A periapical radiograph revealed a close relationship between the lesion and the maxillary sinus. A cone-beam computed tomography scan confirmed that the lesion had invaded the sinus cavity. The treatment plan consisted of periapical surgery using an endoscope as a magnification device. Due to a sinus membrane perforation, a new sinus membrane repair technique was performed. Twelve months after surgery, a cone-beam computed tomography scan revealed successful healing of the lesion. The continuous preservation of the sinus physiology was also observed. The use of an endoscope as a magnification device and a tailored technique for sinus membrane management allowed us to achieve a successful treatment outcome in the case of an endodontic lesion invading the maxillary sinus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvio Taschieri
- Department of Health Technologies, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, University of Milano, Milan, Italy
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Setzer FC, Kohli MR, Shah SB, Karabucak B, Kim S. Outcome of endodontic surgery: a meta-analysis of the literature--Part 2: Comparison of endodontic microsurgical techniques with and without the use of higher magnification. J Endod 2011; 38:1-10. [PMID: 22152611 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2011.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2011] [Revised: 09/26/2011] [Accepted: 09/30/2011] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of this study was to investigate the outcome of root-end surgery. It identifies the effect of the surgical operating microscope or the endoscope on the prognosis of endodontic surgery. The specific outcomes of contemporary root-end surgery techniques with microinstruments but only loupes or no visualization aids (contemporary root-end surgery [CRS]) were compared with endodontic microsurgery using the same instruments and materials but with high-power magnification as provided by the surgical operating microscope or the endoscope (endodontic microsurgery [EMS]). The probabilities of success for a comparison of the 2 techniques were determined by means of a meta-analysis and systematic review of the literature. The influence of the tooth type on the outcome was investigated. METHODS A comprehensive literature search for longitudinal studies on the outcome of root-end surgery was conducted. Three electronic databases (ie, Medline, Embase, and PubMed) were searched to identify human studies from 1966 up to October 2009 in 5 different languages (ie, English, French, German, Italian, and Spanish). Review articles and relevant articles were searched for cross-references. In addition, 5 dental and medical journals (ie, Journal of Endodontics, International Endodontic Journal, Oral Surgery Oral Medicine Oral Pathology Oral Radiology and Endodontics, Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, and International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery) dating back to 1975 were hand searched. Following predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria, all articles were screened by 3 independent reviewers (S.B.S., M.R.K., and F.C.S.). Relevant articles were obtained in full-text form, and raw data were extracted independently by each reviewer. After agreement among the reviewers, articles that qualified were assigned to group CRS. Articles belonging to group EMS had already been obtained for part 1 of this meta-analysis. Weighted pooled success rates and a relative risk assessment between CRS and EMS overall as well as for molars, premolars, and anteriors were calculated. A random-effects model was used for a comparison between the groups. RESULTS One hundred one articles were identified and obtained for final analysis. In total, 14 studies qualified according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 2 being represented in both groups (7 for CRS [n = 610] and 9 for EMS [n = 699]). Weighted pooled success rates calculated from extracted raw data showed an 88% positive outcome for CRS (95% confidence interval, 0.8455-0.9164) and 94% for EMS (95% confidence interval, 0.8889-0.9816). This difference was statistically significant (P < .0005). Relative risk ratio analysis showed that the probability of success for EMS was 1.07 times the probability of success for CRS. Seven studies provided information on the individual tooth type (4 for CRS [n = 457] and 3 for EMS [n = 222]). The difference in probability of success between the groups was statistically significant for molars (n = 193, P = .011). No significant difference was found for the premolar or anterior group (premolar [n = 169], P = .404; anterior [n = 277], P = .715). CONCLUSIONS The probability for success for EMS proved to be significantly greater than the probability for success for CRS, providing best available evidence on the influence of high-power magnification rendered by the dental operating microscope or the endoscope. Large-scale randomized clinical trials for statistically valid conclusions for current endodontic questions are needed to make informed decisions for clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank C Setzer
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA.
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Tsesis I, Faivishevsky V, Kfir A, Rosen E. Outcome of Surgical Endodontic Treatment Performed by a Modern Technique: A Meta-analysis of Literature. J Endod 2009; 35:1505-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2009.07.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2009] [Revised: 07/22/2009] [Accepted: 07/27/2009] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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