Use of bovine hydroxyapatite with or without biomembrane in sinus lift in rabbits: histopathologic analysis and immune expression of core binding factor 1 and vascular endothelium growth factor

Ellagic acid and hydroxyapatite promote angiogenesis marker in bone defect

The combination of hydroxyapatite and the herbal extract ellagic acid is expected to accelerate the bone healing process (osteogenesis) due to the extract's anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. The osteogenesis process is closely associated with angiogenesis markers, such as fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF-2), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and alkali phosphatase (ALP). The objective of this study is to analyse the combination of ellagic acid and hydroxyapatite to promote FGF-2, VEGF and ALP expression as angiogenesis markers in a bone defect model. The research sample comprised 30 male Wistar rats with a defect introduced on the left femur; these were divided into three groups for treatment with ellagic acid and hydroxyapatite, hydroxyapatite and polyethylene glycol (PEG) (control). On days 7 and 14 days after treatment, the Wistar rats were euthanised, and the femoral bone tissue was removed for the immunohistochemical analysis of FGF-2, VEGF and ALP expression. FGF-2 and ALP expression increased in the group treated with ellagic acid and hydroxyapatite on days 7 and 14 post treatment (p < 0.05), and there was an increase in VEGF expression on day 7 post treatment (p < 0.05). The combination of ellagic acid and hydroxyapatite promoted FGF-2, VEGF and ALP expression as angiogenesis markers in the bone defect model.

Histological and micro-computed tomographic observations after maxillary sinus augmentation with porous hydroxyapatite alloplasts: a clinical case series

Background

It is important to visualize the phenomenon which occurs in actual clinical cases to decide the timing of implant placement subsequently after sinus graft. Although several clinical cases of bone augmentation using xenograft have been evaluated, the number of those reports which have described bone remodeling by alloplasty are not sufficient.

Findings

In the present report, to investigate bone remodeling histologically after maxillary sinus augmentation with porous hydroxyapatite alloplast, bone cores from the sinus floor of three female nonsmoking patients (aged 64–73 years) were collected 6 months after sinus lift surgery, embedded in methyl methacrylate resin, and prepared by conventional methods. Bone architecture and graft residues were evaluated by micro-computed tomography of the same specimens. Hematoxylin–eosin and Villanueva–Goldner staining revealed mature osteoblasts and multinucleated osteoclasts on the grafted sinus floor and surface of residual hydroxyapatite particles. The particulate interspace was partially filled with osteoid and calcified tissue and showed active vascularization.

Conclusion

The results suggested that bone regeneration and angiogenesis within and between porous hydroxyapatite particles were sufficiently found after 6 month histologically in the grafted sinus floor.

Electronic supplementary material

The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s40064-016-1885-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

miR-205 promotes tumor proliferation and invasion through targeting ESRRG in endometrial carcinoma

Increasing evidence suggests that miR‑205 is frequently dysregulated in many types of human cancers, suggesting its important roles in the initiation and progression of cancer. However, the functions of miR‑205 in human endometrial endometrioid carcinoma (EEC) are still unknown. In this study, we investigated the expression of miR‑205 in both normal endometrium and EEC tissues using TaqMan PCR. Compared to normal tissues, miR‑205 was significantly upregulated in EEC (P<0.001). After transfection of miR‑205 inhibitors into Ishikawa cells (or transfection of miR‑205 mimics into AN3CA cells), we demonstrated that the cellular proliferation, migration and invasion properties were negatively regulated by miR‑205. Moreover, by combination of microRNA target prediction algorithms and luciferase reporter system, we identified estrogen-related receptor‑γ (ESRRG) as a target of miR‑205. In conclusion, we demonstrated frequent upregulation of miR‑205 in EEC. In gain‑of‑function and loss‑of‑function assays, inhibition of miR‑205 reduced cellular proliferation, migration and invasion; vice versa, increased levels of miR‑205 led to upregulated cellular proliferation, migration and invasion. Nonetheless, we identified the ESRRG gene to be a novel target, which could be helpful to elucidate mechanisms underlying the tumorigenesis of EEC.