Evaluation of a Semi-Solidifying Liquid Formula for Nasogastric Tube Feeding After Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery

Association between the duration of antibiotic prophylaxis and surgical site infection after orthognathic surgery in Japan

PURPOSE

This study aimed to evaluate the risk factors for surgical site infection (SSI) after orthognathic surgery, focusing on the duration of prophylactic antibiotic administration in Japan.

STUDY DESIGN

The study included 181 patients who underwent orthognathic surgery at the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery of Yamagata University Hospital between 2012 and 2021. The clinical parameters of SSI were retrospectively investigated using patient charts. Logistic regression analysis was used to estimate the odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for risk factors for SSI after orthognathic surgery.

RESULTS

Nineteen patients (10.5%) were complicated with SSI. Male sex (OR, 3.638; 95% CI, 1.316-10.058) and an antibiotic prophylaxis duration ≤3 days (OR, 12.718; 95% CI, 1.639-98.673) were independent risk factors for SSI after orthognathic surgery.

CONCLUSION

Extended-term antibiotic prophylaxis was more effective for prevention of SSI after orthognathic surgery than short-term in this study.

Efficacy of semi-solidification of enteral nutrients for postoperative nutritional management with a nasogastric tube

Postoperative nutritional management with a nasogastric tube is often used to prevent malnutrition after oral and maxillofacial surgery. However, enteral nutrients (EN) may cause various complications due to their liquid formulation. In this study, we retrospectively evaluated the efficacy of semi-solid EN with a xanthan gum thickener through a nasogastric tube and examined patients' complications, nutritional status, and quality of life. We established two groups: an L group (n=20) to which we administered liquid EN, and an SS group (n=20) to which we administered semi-solidified EN. The primary outcome was the occurrence of gastrointestinal complications. The secondary outcome was a change in nutritional status based on body weight and controlling nutritional status. The other outcome was the improvement in the patients' quality of life, assessed by the administration time. During nutritional management with a nasogastric tube, the median daily administration time in the L group was 9.0 hours, and 9 patients experienced diarrhea. In the SS group, the median daily feeding time was 2.3 hours, and only 2 patients experienced diarrhea. Both groups exhibited a decrease in body weight while controlling nutritional status scores were maintained. Semi-solidification of EN may be useful for postoperative nutritional management after oral and maxillofacial surgery by reducing complications, maintaining nutritional status, and shortening administration time.