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Yan LI, Wong AY, Cheung JP, Zhu B, Lee KC, Liang SR, Ll JY, Ho BYW, Bressington D. Psychosocial interventions for teenagers with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: A systematic literature review. J Pediatr Nurs 2023; 73:e586-e593. [PMID: 37951727 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2023.10.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Psychosocial interventions can improve teenagers' self-esteem, mental health and bracing compliance. There is a need to compile available evidence of psychosocial care in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. This systematic review aimed to identify and evaluate the effects of existing interventional studies of psychosocial care for the adolescent idiopathic scoliosis population. METHODS A comprehensive search of relevant literature published from the inception to March 2023 was conducted using nine databases. A google scholar search was performed on 1 July 2023, to update the searching results. Two reviewers independently assessed the methodological quality and extracted details of the included studies. Given the heterogeneity of the selected articles, the findings were synthesized narratively without conducting a meta-analysis. RESULTS Four randomized controlled trials reported in six articles involving 385 teenagers were included. The interventions appeared acceptable with high recruitment rates and low dropout rates reported. Psychosocial interventions had shown significant positive effects on postoperative pain, engagement in daily and social activities as well as brace use, coping abilities and anxiety. CONCLUSION Psychosocial interventions are generally feasible and acceptable among the adolescent idiopathic scoliosis population and have produced positive effects on a variety of physical and psychosocial outcomes. Study findings need to be interpreted with caution due to the limited number of available articles and the methodological concerns of the reviewed articles. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS Well-designed clinical trials are warranted in people from cultural backgrounds to develop and implement effective psychosocial interventions for teenagers with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis, not only for those at the post-surgery stage but also for those receiving conservative treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- L I Yan
- School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, 11 Yuk Choi Road, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, SAR, China.
| | - Arnold Yl Wong
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, 11 Yuk Choi Road, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Jason Py Cheung
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The University of Hong Kong, 5/F Professorial Block, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Bingqian Zhu
- School of Nursing, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 227 S Chongqing Rd, Shanghai, China
| | - Kit Ching Lee
- School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, 11 Yuk Choi Road, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Sui Rui Liang
- School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, 11 Yuk Choi Road, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Jia Ying Ll
- School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, 11 Yuk Choi Road, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Bryan Ying Wai Ho
- School of Nursing and Health Studies, the Hong Kong Metropolitan University, Homantin, Kowloon, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Daniel Bressington
- Faculty of Health, Charles Darwin University, Ellengowan Drive, Casuarina, NT 0810, Australia
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Hoelen TCA, Willems PC, Arts JJ, van Mastrigt G, Evers S. The economic and societal burden associated with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: A burden-of-disease study protocol. NORTH AMERICAN SPINE SOCIETY JOURNAL 2023; 14:100231. [PMID: 37440982 PMCID: PMC10333714 DOI: 10.1016/j.xnsj.2023.100231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Background Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) has an estimated general population prevalence of 2% to 3%. The impact of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) on the patients' experienced quality of life and psychological well-being and the resulting societal burden are increasingly recognized. However, there is limited knowledge on the economic burden of AIS. This cross-sectional, prevalence-based, bottom-up approach burden of disease study aims to determine the impact associated with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis in terms of the cost-of-illness and health-related quality of life from a societal perspective in the Netherlands. Methods Persons diagnosed with AIS or parents of a child with AIS that are willing and able to answer the questionnaires will be eligible to participate. Patients will be included consecutively between June until January 2023. Costs and self-perceived health-related quality of life will be estimated using 3 steps: identification, measurement and valuation. To assess the costs associated with AIS the institute for Medical Technology Assessment - Medical Consumption Questionnaire and the institute for Medical Technology Assessment - Productivity Cost Questionnaire will be used. To assess the HRQoL of adult AIS patients the EuroQol 5-dimensions or EuroQol 5-dimensions Youth questionnaire for children under the age of 12 and the Scoliosis Research Society-22 revised questionnaire will be considered. Discussion This is the first study in this field. It will help raise awareness for AIS and wider support for both the patient community and informal care takers among healthcare professionals and policymakers. Major strengths of this study will be the use of mostly validated, standardized questionnaires. Limitations include the cross-sectional and retrospective nature of the study design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomáy-Claire Ayala Hoelen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and CAPHRI Research School, Maastricht University Medical Center (MUMC+), P.Debyelaan 25, Maastricht, 6202AZ, The Netherlands
| | - Paul C. Willems
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and CAPHRI Research School, Maastricht University Medical Center (MUMC+), P.Debyelaan 25, Maastricht, 6202AZ, The Netherlands
| | - Jacobus J. Arts
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and CAPHRI Research School, Maastricht University Medical Center (MUMC+), P.Debyelaan 25, Maastricht, 6202AZ, The Netherlands
| | - Ghislaine van Mastrigt
- Department of Health Services Research, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, CAPHRI, Maastricht University, , Universiteitssingel 40, Maastricht, 6229 ER, The Netherlands
| | - Silvia Evers
- Department of Health Services Research, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, CAPHRI, Maastricht University, , Universiteitssingel 40, Maastricht, 6229 ER, The Netherlands
- Trimbos Institute, Netherlands Institute of Mental Health and Addiction Utrecht, 3521 VS Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Lee SY, Ch'ng PY, Wong TS, Ling XW, Chung WH, Chiu CK, Chan CYW, Lean ML, Kwan MK. Patients' Perception and Satisfaction on Neck and Shoulder Imbalance in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis. Global Spine J 2023; 13:752-763. [PMID: 33823628 DOI: 10.1177/21925682211007795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN Cross-sectional. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the perception and satisfaction among adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) patients on Neck Tilt with Medial Shoulder Imbalance and Lateral Shoulder Imbalance. METHODS Lenke 1 and 2 AIS patients were stratified into 6 groups of preoperative/ postoperative Balanced (B), Lateral Shoulder Imbalance (LSI) (>2 cm), and Neck Tilt with Medial Shoulder Imbalance (NT) (Grade 3). Patients were interviewed using Modified Neck and Shoulder Appearance and SRS-22r questionnaires. T1 tilt, Cervical Axis (CA), Clavicle Angle (Cla-A) and Radiographic Shoulder Height (RSH) were measured. RESULTS A total of 120 Lenke 1 and 2 AIS patients were recruited. NT patients were aware and unhappy with their abnormal neck with medial shoulder appearances (P < .001). Similarly, LSI patients were aware and unhappy with their abnormal lateral shoulder appearances (P < .001). NT group had larger preoperative/ postoperative T1 tilt (9.2 ± 5.0°; 9.5 ± 5.3°) and CA (4.6 ± 3.1°; 7.0 ± 2.0°) (P < .01). LSI group had larger preoperative/ postoperative Cla-A (4.8 ± 2.8°; 4.0 ± 1.3°) and RSH (20.1 ± 9.4 mm; 17.0 ± 6.6 mm) (P < .001). Postoperative B group scored higher in overall SRS-22r scores, self-image and satisfaction domains (4.2 ± 0.3; 4.0 ± 0.5; 4.4 ± 0.5) while preoperative LSI scored the lowest comparatively (3.5 ± 0.4; 2.4 ± 0.5; 3.3 ± 0.5) (P < .001). CONCLUSION NT and LSI were major concerns among AIS patients. Both NT and LSI groups were unhappy with their appearances. NT group had larger T1 tilt/ CA whereas LSI group had larger Cla-A/ RSH. Postoperative B group scored higher in overall SRS-22r scores, self-image and satisfaction domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sin Ying Lee
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery (NOCERAL), Faculty of Medicine, 37447University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Pei Ying Ch'ng
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery (NOCERAL), Faculty of Medicine, 37447University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Tat Seng Wong
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery (NOCERAL), Faculty of Medicine, 37447University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Xiu Wen Ling
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery (NOCERAL), Faculty of Medicine, 37447University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Weng Hong Chung
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery (NOCERAL), Faculty of Medicine, 37447University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Chee Kidd Chiu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery (NOCERAL), Faculty of Medicine, 37447University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Chris Yin Wei Chan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery (NOCERAL), Faculty of Medicine, 37447University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mei Li Lean
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery (NOCERAL), Faculty of Medicine, 37447University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mun Keong Kwan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery (NOCERAL), Faculty of Medicine, 37447University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Jalloh H, Andras LM, Sanders A, Iantorno S, Hamilton A, Choi PD, Skaggs DL. Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis patients treated with bracing, surgery, or observation showed no difference in behavioral and emotional function over a 2-year period. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e32610. [PMID: 36701729 PMCID: PMC9857555 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000032610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to assess if behavior and emotional function, as measured by the Pearson Behavioral Assessment Survey for Children, Second Edition (BASC-2) in patients and parents, changes with differing treatment protocols in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). One previous study showed abnormal BASC-2 scores in a substantial number of patients diagnosed with AIS; however, no study has assessed how these scores change over the course of treatment. AIS patients aged 12 to 21 years completed the BASC-2. The 176-item questionnaire was administered to subjects at enrollment, assessing behavioral and emotional problems across 16 subscales of 5 domains: school problems, internalizing problems, inattention/hyperactivity, emotional symptoms index, and personal adjustment. Parents were given an equivalent assessment survey. Surveys were administered again after 2 years. Subject treatment groups (bracing, surgery, and observation) were established at enrollment. Patients were excluded if they did not complete the BASC-2 at both time points. Forty-six patients met the inclusion criteria, with 13 patients in the surgical, 20 in the bracing, and 13 in the observation treatment groups. At enrollment, 26% (12/46) of subjects with AIS had a clinically significant score in 1 or more subscales, and after 2 years 24% (11/46) of subjects reported a clinically significant score in at least 1 subscale (P = .8). There were no significant differences in scores between enrollment and follow-up in any treatment group. Similar to what was reported in a previous study, only 36% (4/11) of patients had clinically significant scores reported by both patient and parent, conversely 64% (7/11) of parents were unaware of their child's clinically significant behavioral and emotional problems. Common patient-reported subscales for clinically significant and at-risk scores at enrollment included anxiety (24%; 11/46), hyperactivity (24%; 11/46), attention problems (17%; 8/46), and self-esteem (17%; 8/46). At 2-year follow-up, the most commonly reported subscales were anxiety (28%; 13/46), somatization (20%; 9/46), and self-esteem (30%; 14/46). Patients with AIS, whether observed, braced or treated surgically, showed no significant change in behavior and emotional distress over the course of their treatment, or compared with each other at 2-year follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hulaimatu Jalloh
- Jackie and Gene Autry Orthopedic Center, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Lindsay M. Andras
- Jackie and Gene Autry Orthopedic Center, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
- * Correspondence: Lindsay M. Andras, Jackie and Gene Autry Orthopedic Center, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, 4650 Sunset Blvd, MS #69, Los Angeles, CA 90027 (e-mail: )
| | - Austin Sanders
- Jackie and Gene Autry Orthopedic Center, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Stephanie Iantorno
- Jackie and Gene Autry Orthopedic Center, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Anita Hamilton
- Jackie and Gene Autry Orthopedic Center, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Paul D. Choi
- Jackie and Gene Autry Orthopedic Center, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - David L. Skaggs
- Jackie and Gene Autry Orthopedic Center, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
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Lin Y, Yu Y, Zeng J, Zhao X, Wan C. Comparing the reliability and validity of the SF-36 and SF-12 in measuring quality of life among adolescents in China: a large sample cross-sectional study. Health Qual Life Outcomes 2020; 18:360. [PMID: 33168020 PMCID: PMC7654067 DOI: 10.1186/s12955-020-01605-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We compare the reliability and validity of the Short Form 36 (version 1, SF-36) and the Short Form 12 (version 1, SF-12) in adolescence, the period of life when a child develops into an adult, i.e., the period from puberty to maturity terminating legally at the age of majority (10-19 years), thus supplying evidence for the selection of instruments measuring the quality of life (QOL) and decision-making processes of adolescents in China. METHODS Stratified cluster random sampling was adopted according to geographical location, and the SF-36 was administered to assess QOL. The Pearson correlation coefficient was used to show correlation. Cronbach's alpha and construct reliability (CR) were used to evaluate the reliability of SF-36 and SF-12, while criterion validity and average variance extracted (AVE, convergence validity) were used to evaluate validity. Confirmatory factor analysis was used to calculate the load factors for the items of the SF-36 and SF-12, then to obtain the CR and AVE. The Semejima grade response model (logistic two-parameter module) in item response theory was used to estimate item discrimination, item difficulty, and item average information for the items of the SF-36 and SF-12. RESULTS 19,428 samples were included in the study. The mean age of respondents was 14.78 years (SD = 1.77). Reliability of each domain of the SF-36 was better than for the corresponding domain of the SF-12. The domains of PF, RP, BP, and GH in SF-36 had good construct reliability (CR > 0.6). The criterion validities of some domains of the SF-36 were a little higher in some corresponding dimensions of the SF-12, except for PCS. The convergence validities of the SF-12 were higher than the SF-36 in PF, RP, BP, and PCS. The items of BP, SF, RP, and VT in the SF-12 had acceptable discrimination of items that were higher than in the SF-36. The items' average amounts of information on BP, VT, SF, RE, and MH in the SF-36 and SF-12 were poor. CONCLUSION Two component (PCS and MCS) measurements of the SF-12 appeared to perform at least as well as the SF-36 in cross-sectional settings in adolescence, but the reliability and validity of the 8 domains of the SF-36 were better than those of the SF-12. Some domains, for instance SF and BP, were not suitable for adolescents or need to be studied further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanwei Lin
- Department of Health Sociology, School of Humanities and Management, Guangdong Medical University, 1#, Xincheng Avenue, Songshanhu District, Dongguan, 523808, Guangdong, China
- Research Center for Quality of Life and Applied Psychology, Key Laboratory for Quality of Life and Psychological Assessment and Intervention, Guangdong Medical University, 1#, Xincheng Avenue, Songshanhu District, Dongguan, 523808, Guangdong, China
| | - Yulan Yu
- Department of Psychology, School of Humanities and Management, Guangdong Medical University, 1#, Xincheng Avenue, Songshanhu District, Dongguan, 523808, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiayong Zeng
- Department of Psychology, School of Humanities and Management, Guangdong Medical University, 1#, Xincheng Avenue, Songshanhu District, Dongguan, 523808, Guangdong, China
| | - Xudong Zhao
- Institute of Psychosomatic Medicine, the East Translational Medicine Platform of Tongji University, 50#, Chifeng Avenue, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| | - Chonghua Wan
- Research Center for Quality of Life and Applied Psychology, Key Laboratory for Quality of Life and Psychological Assessment and Intervention, Guangdong Medical University, 1#, Xincheng Avenue, Songshanhu District, Dongguan, 523808, Guangdong, China.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Provide primary care physicians with the best available evidence to support answers to frequently asked questions by caregivers of patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). RECENT FINDINGS A review of best available evidence shows that schoolbag design and weight are not associated with higher odds of developing AIS. However, patients with AIS are more prone to balance problems with asymmetric backpack carrying and with rising weights. In patients with AIS, the backpack should be worn in a symmetric way and should never exceed 10% of the child's body weight. Although no relationship was found between systematic exercising in general and development of AIS, classical ballet and professional swimming in skeletally immature adolescents were associated to higher odds of having AIS. Since AIS affects adolescent girls mainly, women health issues are of paramount importance in this disease. Except for limited sexual activity and higher need for infertility treatment, patients with AIS perform similar to controls in marriage rates, age at first pregnancy, gestational age, offspring, labor and delivery. Best available evidence shows that adults with AIS diagnosed during adolescence have similar physical activity level compared with controls. In patients with AIS, adults with surgically treated idiopathic scoliosis have slightly lower physical activity level than previously braced and untreated patients. SUMMARY Although schoolbag weight isn't associated with higher odds of developing AIS, classical ballet and professional swimming in adolescents are. Except for limited sexual activity, patients with AIS perform similar to controls in remaining women health issues. Adults with AIS diagnosed during adolescence have similar physical activity level compared with controls.
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