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Jacinto MJ, Silva FP, Kiyohara PK, Landers R, Rossi LM. Catalyst Recovery and Recycling Facilitated by Magnetic Separation: Iridium and Other Metal Nanoparticles. ChemCatChem 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201100415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Yih KH, Hamdemir IK, Mondloch JE, Bayram E, Özkar S, Vasić R, Frenkel AI, Anderson OP, Finke RG. Synthesis and Characterization of [Ir(1,5-Cyclooctadiene)(μ-H)]4: A Tetrametallic Ir4H4-Core, Coordinatively Unsaturated Cluster. Inorg Chem 2012; 51:3186-93. [DOI: 10.1021/ic2026494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kuang-Hway Yih
- Department of Applied
Cosmetology, Hungkuang University, Taichung, Taiwan 433
| | - Isil K. Hamdemir
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins,
Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Joseph E. Mondloch
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins,
Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Ercan Bayram
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins,
Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Saim Özkar
- Department of Chemistry, Middle East Technical University, 06531
Ankara, Turkey
| | - Relja Vasić
- Department of Physics, Yeshiva University, New York, New York
10016, United States
| | - Anatoly I. Frenkel
- Department of Physics, Yeshiva University, New York, New York
10016, United States
| | - Oren P. Anderson
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins,
Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Richard G. Finke
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins,
Colorado 80523, United States
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Jirásko R, Holčapek M. Structural analysis of organometallic compounds with soft ionization mass spectrometry. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2011; 30:1013-1036. [PMID: 21104914 DOI: 10.1002/mas.20309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2010] [Revised: 04/14/2010] [Accepted: 04/14/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The analysis of organometallic compounds with mass spectrometry has some special features in comparison with organic and bioorganic compounds. The first step is the choice of a suitable ionization technique, where the electrospray ionization is certainly the best possibility for most classes of organometallic compounds and metal complexes. Some ionization mechanisms of organometallic compounds are comparable to organic molecules, such as protonation/deprotonation, and adduct formation with sodium or potassium ions; however, in many cases, different mechanisms and their combinations complicate the spectra interpretation. Organometallics frequently undergo various types of adduct and polymerization reactions that result in significantly higher masses observed in the spectra in comparison to molecular weights of studied compounds. Metal elements typically have more natural isotopes than common organic elements, which cause characteristic wide distributions of isotopic peaks; for example, tin has ten natural isotopes. The isotopic pattern can be used for the identification of the type and number of metal elements in particular ions. The ionization and fragmentation behavior also depend on the type of metal atom; therefore, our discussion of mass spectra interpretation is divided according to the different type of organometallic compounds. Among various types of mass spectrometers available on the market, trap-based analyzers (linear or spherical ion-traps, Orbitrap) are suitable to study complex fragmentation pathways of organometallic ions and their adducts, whereas high-resolution and high-mass accuracy analyzers (time-of-flight-based analyzers, or Fourier transform-based analyzers-Orbitrap or ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometers) provide accurate masses applicable for the determination of the elemental composition of individual ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Jirásko
- Faculty of Chemical Technology, Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Pardubice, Studentská 573, 53210 Pardubice, Czech Republic
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Alley WM, Hamdemir IK, Wang Q, Frenkel AI, Li L, Yang JC, Menard LD, Nuzzo RG, Özkar S, Johnson KA, Finke RG. Iridium Ziegler-Type Hydrogenation Catalysts Made from [(1,5-COD)Ir(μ-O2C8H15)]2 and AlEt3: Spectroscopic and Kinetic Evidence for the Irn Species Present and for Nanoparticles as the Fastest Catalyst. Inorg Chem 2010; 49:8131-47. [DOI: 10.1021/ic101237c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- William M. Alley
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523
| | - Isil K. Hamdemir
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Physics, Yeshiva University, New York, New York 10016
| | | | - Long Li
- University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261
| | - Judith C. Yang
- University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261
| | | | | | - Saim Özkar
- Department of Chemistry, Middle East Technical University, 06531 Ankara, Turkey
| | | | - Richard G. Finke
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523
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Alley WM, Girard CW, Özkar S, Finke RG. Model Ziegler-Type Hydrogenation Catalyst Precursors, [(1,5-COD)M(μ-O2C8H15)]2 (M = Ir and Rh): Synthesis, Characterization, and Demonstration of Catalytic Activity En Route to Identifying the True Industrial Hydrogenation Catalysts. Inorg Chem 2009; 48:1114-21. [DOI: 10.1021/ic801933b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- William M. Alley
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, and Department of Chemistry, Middle East Technical University, 06531 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Chase W. Girard
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, and Department of Chemistry, Middle East Technical University, 06531 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Saim Özkar
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, and Department of Chemistry, Middle East Technical University, 06531 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Richard G. Finke
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, and Department of Chemistry, Middle East Technical University, 06531 Ankara, Turkey
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Hagen CM, Vieille-Petit L, Laurenczy G, Süss-Fink G, Finke RG. Supramolecular Triruthenium Cluster-Based Benzene Hydrogenation Catalysis: Fact or Fiction? Organometallics 2005. [DOI: 10.1021/om048976y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Collin M. Hagen
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Ft. Collins, Colorado 80523, Institut de Chimie, Université de Neuchâtel, Case postale 2, CH2007 Neuchâtel, Switzerland, and Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, BCH, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ludovic Vieille-Petit
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Ft. Collins, Colorado 80523, Institut de Chimie, Université de Neuchâtel, Case postale 2, CH2007 Neuchâtel, Switzerland, and Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, BCH, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Gábor Laurenczy
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Ft. Collins, Colorado 80523, Institut de Chimie, Université de Neuchâtel, Case postale 2, CH2007 Neuchâtel, Switzerland, and Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, BCH, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Georg Süss-Fink
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Ft. Collins, Colorado 80523, Institut de Chimie, Université de Neuchâtel, Case postale 2, CH2007 Neuchâtel, Switzerland, and Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, BCH, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Richard G. Finke
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Ft. Collins, Colorado 80523, Institut de Chimie, Université de Neuchâtel, Case postale 2, CH2007 Neuchâtel, Switzerland, and Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, BCH, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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