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Sampson J, Choi G, Akhtar MN, Jaseer E, Theravalappil R, Garcia N, Agapie T. Early Metal Di(pyridyl) Pyrrolide Complexes with Second Coordination Sphere Arene-π Interactions: Ligand Binding and Ethylene Polymerization. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:15879-15892. [PMID: 31592458 PMCID: PMC6776977 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b01788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Early metal complexes supported by hemilabile, monoanionic di(pyridyl) pyrrolide ligands substituted with mesityl and anthracenyl groups were synthesized to probe the possibility of second coordination sphere arene-π interactions with ligands with potential for allosteric control in coordination chemistry, substrate activation, and olefin polymerization. Yttrium alkyl, indolide, and amide complexes were prepared and structurally characterized; close contacts between the anthracenyl substituents and Y-bound ligands are observed in the solid state. Titanium, zirconium, and hafnium tris(dimethylamido) complexes were synthesized, and their ethylene polymerization activity was tested. In the solid state structure of one of the Ti tris(dimethylamido) complexes, coordination of Ti to only one of the pyridine donors is observed pointing to the hemilabile character of the di(pyridyl) pyrrolide ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Sampson
- Division
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California
Institute of Technology, 1200 E California Blvd., Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Gyeongshin Choi
- Division
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California
Institute of Technology, 1200 E California Blvd., Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Muhammed Naseem Akhtar
- Center
for Refining and Petrochemicals, King Fahd
University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - E.A. Jaseer
- Center
for Refining and Petrochemicals, King Fahd
University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rajesh Theravalappil
- Center
for Refining and Petrochemicals, King Fahd
University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nestor Garcia
- Center
for Refining and Petrochemicals, King Fahd
University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Theodor Agapie
- Division
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California
Institute of Technology, 1200 E California Blvd., Pasadena, California 91125, United States
- E-mail:
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2
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Back O, Förster C, Basché T, Heinze K. Alkali Blues: Blue-Emissive Alkali Metal Pyrrolates. Chemistry 2019; 25:6542-6552. [PMID: 30786063 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201806103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
2-Iminopyrroles [HtBu L, 4-tert-butyl phenyl(pyrrol-2-ylmethylene)amine] are non-fluorescent π systems. However, they display blue fluorescence after deprotonation with alkali metal bases in the solid state and in solution at room temperature. In the solid state, the alkali metal 2-imino pyrrolates, M(tBu L), aggregate to dimers, [M(tBu L)(NCR)]2 (M=Li, R=CH3 , CH(CH3 )CNH2 ), or polymers, [M(tBu L)]n (M=Na, K). In solution (solv=CH3 CN, DMSO, THF, and toluene), solvated, uncharged monomeric species M(tBu L)(solv)m with N,N'-chelated alkali metal ions are present. Due to the electron-rich pyrrolate and the electron-poor arylimino moiety, the M(tBu L) chromophore possesses a low-energy intraligand charge-transfer (ILCT) excited state. The chelated alkali cations rigidify the chromophore, restricting intramolecular motions (RIM) by the chelation-enhanced fluorescence (CHEF) effect in solution and, consequently, switch-on a blue fluorescence emission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Back
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Analytical Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Christoph Förster
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Analytical Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Thomas Basché
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Katja Heinze
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Analytical Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128, Mainz, Germany
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3
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Devaine-Pressing K, Lehr JH, Pratt ME, Dawe LN, Sarjeant AA, Kozak CM. Magnesium amino-bis(phenolato) complexes for the ring-opening polymerization of rac-lactide. Dalton Trans 2016; 44:12365-75. [PMID: 25805063 DOI: 10.1039/c5dt00236b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Magnesium compounds of tetradentate amino-bis(phenolato) ligands, Mg[L1] (1) and Mg[L2] (2) (where [L1] = 2-pyridyl-N,N-bis(2-methylene-4-methoxy-6-tert-butylphenolato), and [L2] = dimethylaminoethylamino-N,N-bis(2-methylene-4-methyl-6-tert-butylphenolato)) were prepared. The proligands, H2[L1] and H2[L2] were reacted with di(n-butyl)magnesium in toluene to give the desired compounds in high yields. Compounds 1 and 2 exhibit dimeric structures in solutions of non-coordinating solvents as observed by NMR spectroscopy and in the solid state as shown by the single crystal X-ray structure of 2. These compounds exhibit good activity for rac-lactide polymerization in solution and in molten lactide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katalin Devaine-Pressing
- Department of Chemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland, Canada A1B 3X7.
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Yao E, Wang J, Chen Z, Ma Y. Homo- and Heteroligated Salicylaldiminato Titanium Complexes with Different Substituents Ortho to the Phenoxy Oxygens for Ethylene and Ethylene/1-Hexene (Co)polymerization. Macromolecules 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/ma5017677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Erdong Yao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Key Lab of Polymer Chemistry & Physics of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Jianchun Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Key Lab of Polymer Chemistry & Physics of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Zhongtao Chen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Key Lab of Polymer Chemistry & Physics of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yuguo Ma
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Key Lab of Polymer Chemistry & Physics of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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Chen YC, Chiu WT, Hu TJ, Lin CH, Huang JH. Synthesis and Characterization of Metal Complexes (M = Al, Ti, W, Zn) Containing Pyrrole-imine Ligands. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.201400138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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6
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Kwon KS, Nayab S, Lee H, Jeong JH. Synthesis and structural characterisation of zinc complexes bearing furanylmethyl and thiophenylmethyl derivatives of (R,R)-1,2-diaminocyclohexanes for stereoselective polymerisation of poly(rac-lactide). Polyhedron 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2014.03.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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7
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Saunders LN, Dawe LN, Kozak CM. Alkali metal complexes of tridentate amine-bis(phenolate) ligands and their rac-lactide ROP activity. J Organomet Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2013.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Makio H, Prasad AV, Terao H, Saito J, Fujita T. Isospecific propylene polymerization with in situ generated bis(phenoxy-amine)zirconium and hafnium single site catalysts. Dalton Trans 2013; 42:9112-9. [PMID: 23515526 DOI: 10.1039/c3dt00058c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Bis(phenoxy-imine) Zr and Hf complexes were activated with (i)Bu3Al or (i)Bu2AlH in conjunction with Ph3CB(C6F5)4 and tested as catalysts for propylene polymerization with emphasis on the enantioselectivity of the isospecific species and the single site polymerization characteristics. The isoselective species was identified as the in situ generated bis(phenoxy-amine) complex whose isoselectivity was sensitive to subtle changes in ligand structure. By employing specific substituents at certain key positions the isotacticity reached an extremely high level comparable to high-end commercial isotactic polypropylenes (Tm > 160 °C). Single site polymerization characteristics depended upon the efficiency and selectivity of the in situ imine reduction which is sensitive to the substituent on the imine nitrogen and the reaction conditions. By using (i)Bu2AlH as a reducing agent, quantitative imine reduction can be achieved with a stoichiometric amount of the reducing agent. This lower alkylaluminum loading is beneficial for the catalyst and significantly enhances the polymerization activity and the molecular weight of the resultant polymer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haruyuki Makio
- Mitsui Chemicals Singapore R&D Centre, Pte. Ltd. 50 Science Park Road, #06-08 The Kendall, Singapore Science Park II, Singapore 117406.
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Dean RK, Reckling AM, Chen H, Dawe LN, Schneider CM, Kozak CM. Ring-opening polymerization of cyclic esters with lithium amine-bis(phenolate) complexes. Dalton Trans 2013; 42:3504-20. [PMID: 23280340 DOI: 10.1039/c2dt32682e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Lithium compounds of tetradentate amino-bis(phenolato)-tetrahydrofuranyl ligands, Li(2)[L1] (1) and Li(2)[L2] (2) (where [L1] = 2-tetrahydrofuranyl-N,N-bis(2-methylene-4-methyl-6-tert-butylphenolate), and [L2] = 2-tetrahydrofuranyl-N,N-bis(2-methylene-4,6-tert-butylphenolate)) were characterized by multinuclear solution NMR and solid-state (6)Li and (7)Li NMR spectroscopy. The proligands, n-propylamino-N,N-bis(2-methylene-4-methyl-6-tert-butylphenol), (H(2)[L3]) and benzylamino-N,N-bis(2-methylene-4,6-di-tert-amylphenol), H(2)[L4] were reacted with n-butyllithium in THF to give the related dilithium compounds Li(2)[L3] (4) and Li(2)[L4] (5), respectively. The pyridine adduct of 1, (py)(2)Li(2)[L1] (3) and complexes 4 and 5 have been structurally characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction and NMR spectroscopy. The reactivity of these complexes for the ring-opening polymerization of rac-lactide, as well as the influences of monomer concentration, monomer/Li molar ratio, polymerization temperature and time, were studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca K Dean
- Department of Chemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland A1B 3X7, Canada
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Suttil JA, McGuinness DS, Gardiner MG, Evans SJ. Ethylene polymerisation and oligomerisation with arene-substituted phenoxy-imine complexes of titanium: investigation of multi-mechanism catalytic behaviour. Dalton Trans 2013; 42:4185-96. [DOI: 10.1039/c3dt32183e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Ikpo N, Barbon SM, Drover MW, Dawe LN, Kerton FM. Aluminum Methyl and Chloro Complexes Bearing Monoanionic Aminephenolate Ligands: Synthesis, Characterization, and Use in Polymerizations. Organometallics 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/om300757u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nduka Ikpo
- Department of Chemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL, A1B 3X7, Canada
| | - Stephanie M. Barbon
- Department of Chemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL, A1B 3X7, Canada
| | - Marcus W. Drover
- Department of Chemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL, A1B 3X7, Canada
| | - Louise N. Dawe
- Department of Chemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL, A1B 3X7, Canada
- X-ray Crystallography Laboratory, Center for Chemical
Analysis, Research and Training, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL, A1B 3X7, Canada
| | - Francesca M. Kerton
- Department of Chemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL, A1B 3X7, Canada
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12
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2-Aldiminophenoxytitanium chloride complexes: Synthesis, characterization, and ethylene (co-)polymerization behavior. J Organomet Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2012.05.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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13
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Ikpo N, Hoffmann C, Dawe LN, Kerton FM. Ring-opening polymerization of ε-caprolactone by lithium piperazinyl-aminephenolate complexes: synthesis, characterization and kinetic studies. Dalton Trans 2012; 41:6651-60. [PMID: 22511217 DOI: 10.1039/c2dt30276d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A series of lithium complexes were prepared from 2(N-piperazinyl-N'-methyl)-2-methylene-4-R'-6-R-phenols ([ONN](RR')) and characterized through elemental analysis, (1)H and (13)C{(1)H} NMR spectroscopy, and X-ray crystallography. Treatment of the ligands with n-butyllithium afforded {Li[ONN](RR')}(3) [R = Me, R' = (t)Bu, (1); R = R' = (t)Bu (2); R = R' = (t)Am, (3), (t)Am = C(CH(3))(2)CH(2)CH(3)], with trimetallic structures in the solid-state as shown by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The reactivity of these complexes in the ring-opening polymerization of ε-caprolactone (ε-CL), as well as the influences of monomer concentration, monomer/Li molar ratio, polymerization temperature and time, was studied. Rates of polymerization were first order with respect to both monomer and lithium concentrations, and activation energies for the reactions were determined. MALDI-TOF MS analysis revealed that transesterification had occurred during the polymerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nduka Ikpo
- Department of Chemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL A1B 3X7, Canada
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Ikpo N, Saunders LN, Walsh JL, Smith JMB, Dawe LN, Kerton FM. Zinc Complexes of Piperazinyl-Derived Aminephenolate Ligands: Synthesis, Characterization and Ring-Opening Polymerization Activity. Eur J Inorg Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201100703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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15
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Altaf AA, Badshah A, Khan N, Marwat S, Ali S. Zirconium complexes in homogeneous ethylene polymerization. J COORD CHEM 2011. [DOI: 10.1080/00958972.2011.568616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ataf Ali Altaf
- a Department of Chemistry , Quaid-i-Azam University , Islamabad 45320 , Pakistan
| | - Amin Badshah
- a Department of Chemistry , Quaid-i-Azam University , Islamabad 45320 , Pakistan
| | - Nasir Khan
- a Department of Chemistry , Quaid-i-Azam University , Islamabad 45320 , Pakistan
| | - Shafiqullah Marwat
- a Department of Chemistry , Quaid-i-Azam University , Islamabad 45320 , Pakistan
| | - Saqib Ali
- a Department of Chemistry , Quaid-i-Azam University , Islamabad 45320 , Pakistan
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Makio H, Terao H, Iwashita A, Fujita T. FI Catalysts for Olefin Polymerization—A Comprehensive Treatment. Chem Rev 2011; 111:2363-449. [DOI: 10.1021/cr100294r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 488] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Haruyuki Makio
- Research Center, Mitsui Chemicals, Inc., 580-32 Nagaura, Sodegaura, Chiba 299-0265, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Terao
- Research Center, Mitsui Chemicals, Inc., 580-32 Nagaura, Sodegaura, Chiba 299-0265, Japan
| | - Akihiko Iwashita
- Research Center, Mitsui Chemicals, Inc., 580-32 Nagaura, Sodegaura, Chiba 299-0265, Japan
| | - Terunori Fujita
- Research Center, Mitsui Chemicals, Inc., 580-32 Nagaura, Sodegaura, Chiba 299-0265, Japan
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Huang W, Sun X, Ma H, Huang J. Ethylene homopolymerization and ethylene/1-hexene copolymerization catalysed by mixed salicylaldiminato cyclopentadienyl zirconium complexes. Inorganica Chim Acta 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2009.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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18
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Broomfield LM, Wright JA, Bochmann M. Synthesis, structures and reactivity of 2-phosphorylmethyl-1H-pyrrolato complexes of titanium, yttrium and zinc. Dalton Trans 2009:8269-79. [PMID: 19789779 DOI: 10.1039/b908394d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lewis M Broomfield
- Wolfson Materials and Catalysis Centre, School of Chemical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK
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