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Compagno N, Piccolo R, Bortolamiol E, Demitri N, Rizzolio F, Visentin F, Scattolin T. Platinum(0)-η 2-1,2-( E)ditosylethene Complexes Bearing Phosphine, Isocyanide and N-Heterocyclic Carbene Ligands: Synthesis and Cytotoxicity towards Ovarian and Breast Cancer Cells. Molecules 2024; 29:1119. [PMID: 38474631 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29051119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2024] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
A wide range of platinum(0)-η2-(E)-1,2-ditosylethene complexes bearing isocyanide, phosphine and N-heterocyclic carbene ancillary ligands have been prepared with high yields and selectivity. All the novel products underwent thorough characterization using spectroscopic techniques, including NMR and FT-IR analyses. Additionally, for some compounds, the solid-state structures were elucidated through X-ray diffractometry. The synthesized complexes were successively evaluated for their potential as anticancer agents against two ovarian cancer cell lines (A2780 and A2780cis) and one breast cancer cell line (MDA-MB-231). The majority of the compounds displayed promising cytotoxicity within the micromolar range against A2780 and MDA-MB-231 cells, with IC50 values comparable to or even surpassing those of cisplatin. However, only a subset of compounds was cytotoxic against cisplatin-resistant cancer cells (A2780cis). Furthermore, the assessment of antiproliferative activity on MRC-5 normal cells revealed certain compounds to exhibit in vitro selectivity. Notably, complexes 3d, 6a and 6b showed low cytotoxicity towards normal cells (IC50 > 100 µM) while concurrently displaying potent cytotoxicity against cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Compagno
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Nanosystems Università Ca' Foscari, Campus Scientifico, Via Torino 155, 30174 Venezia, Italy
| | - Rachele Piccolo
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Nanosystems Università Ca' Foscari, Campus Scientifico, Via Torino 155, 30174 Venezia, Italy
| | - Enrica Bortolamiol
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Nanosystems Università Ca' Foscari, Campus Scientifico, Via Torino 155, 30174 Venezia, Italy
| | - Nicola Demitri
- Area Science Park Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste, S.S. 14 Km 163.5, Basovizza, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Flavio Rizzolio
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Nanosystems Università Ca' Foscari, Campus Scientifico, Via Torino 155, 30174 Venezia, Italy
- Pathology Unit, Department of Molecular Biology and Translational Research, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), IRCCS, Via Franco Gallini 2, 33081 Aviano, Italy
| | - Fabiano Visentin
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Nanosystems Università Ca' Foscari, Campus Scientifico, Via Torino 155, 30174 Venezia, Italy
| | - Thomas Scattolin
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy
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Van-Ha N, T. T. Hien P, Dat DT, Thao DT. Highly cytotoxic palladium(ii) complexes with 1,2,4-triazole-derived carbene ligands. MENDELEEV COMMUNICATIONS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mencom.2022.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
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Romashev NF, Bakaev IV, Komlyagina VI, Sokolov MN, Gushchin AL. SYNTHESIS AND STRUCTURE OF PALLADACYCLOPENTADIENYL COMPLEX WITH ACENAPHTHENE-1,2-DIIMINE LIGAND. J STRUCT CHEM+ 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s002247662208011x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Scattolin T, Moro G, Serena A, Pattaro AG, Rizzolio F, Canzonieri V, Demitri N, Bortolamiol E, Moretto LM, Visentin F. Synthesis, characterization and anticancer activity of Ferrocenyl complexes bearing different organopalladium fragments. Appl Organomet Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.6629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Scattolin
- Department of Molecular Sciences and Nanosystems Università Ca’ Foscari, Campus Scientifico Via Torino 155, 30174 Venezia‐Mestre Italy
| | - Giulia Moro
- Department of Molecular Sciences and Nanosystems Università Ca’ Foscari, Campus Scientifico Via Torino 155, 30174 Venezia‐Mestre Italy
| | - Anita Serena
- Department of Molecular Sciences and Nanosystems Università Ca’ Foscari, Campus Scientifico Via Torino 155, 30174 Venezia‐Mestre Italy
| | - Alessia Guadagnin Pattaro
- Department of Molecular Sciences and Nanosystems Università Ca’ Foscari, Campus Scientifico Via Torino 155, 30174 Venezia‐Mestre Italy
| | - Flavio Rizzolio
- Department of Molecular Sciences and Nanosystems Università Ca’ Foscari, Campus Scientifico Via Torino 155, 30174 Venezia‐Mestre Italy
- Pathology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (C.R.O.) IRCCS, via Franco Gallini 2, 33081 Aviano Italy
| | - Vincenzo Canzonieri
- Pathology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (C.R.O.) IRCCS, via Franco Gallini 2, 33081 Aviano Italy
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, Università degli Studi di Trieste, Strada di Fiume 447 Trieste Italy
| | - Nicola Demitri
- Area Science Park, Elettra‐Sincrotrone Trieste, S.S. 14 Km 163.5, Basovizza, 34149 Trieste Italy
| | - Enrica Bortolamiol
- Department of Molecular Sciences and Nanosystems Università Ca’ Foscari, Campus Scientifico Via Torino 155, 30174 Venezia‐Mestre Italy
| | - Ligia Maria Moretto
- Department of Molecular Sciences and Nanosystems Università Ca’ Foscari, Campus Scientifico Via Torino 155, 30174 Venezia‐Mestre Italy
| | - Fabiano Visentin
- Department of Molecular Sciences and Nanosystems Università Ca’ Foscari, Campus Scientifico Via Torino 155, 30174 Venezia‐Mestre Italy
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Massai L, Scattolin T, Tarchi M, Visentin F, Messori L. Reactions of proteins with a few organopalladium compounds of medicinal interest. RSC Adv 2022; 12:26680-26685. [PMID: 36275152 PMCID: PMC9490538 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra05332b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Pd compounds form a promising class of experimental anticancer drug candidates whose mechanism of action is still largely unknown; in particular, a few organopalladium compounds seem very attractive. To gain mechanistic insight into medicinal palladium compounds, we have explored here – through ESI MS analysis – the interactions of four organopalladium agents (1–4) – showing remarkable in vitro antiproliferative properties – with a few representative model proteins, i.e., lysozyme (HEWL), ribonuclease A (RNase), and carbonic anhydrase (hCAI). The tested panel included three Pd allyl compounds with one or two carbene ligands and a palladacyclopentadienyl complex. Notably, the Pd allyl compounds turned out to manifest, on the whole, a modest tendency to react with the above proteins. Only complex 3 produced small amounts of characteristic adducts with hCAI bearing either one or two Pd allyl groups. In contrast, the palladacyclopentadienyl complex 4 manifested a greater and peculiar reactivity with all the above proteins generating invariably protein adducts with a mass increase of +256 Da where a butadienyl group – with no associated Pd – is attached to the proteins. Afterwards, we extended our investigations to the C-terminal dodecapeptide of thioredoxin reductase bearing the –Cys–Sec– reactive motif. In this latter case adducts were formed with all tested Pd compounds; however, complex 4 manifested towards this dodecapeptide a type of reactivity deeply different from that observed with HEWL, RNase A and hCAI. The mechanistic implications of these findings are discussed. Pd compounds form a promising class of experimental anticancer drug candidates whose mechanism of action is still largely unknown; in particular, a few organopalladium compounds seem very attractive.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Massai
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3-13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Thomas Scattolin
- Dipartimento di Scienze Molecolari e Nanosistemi, Università Ca’ Foscari, Campus Scientifico Via Torino 155, 30174 Venezia-Mestre, Italy
| | - Matteo Tarchi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3-13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Fabiano Visentin
- Dipartimento di Scienze Molecolari e Nanosistemi, Università Ca’ Foscari, Campus Scientifico Via Torino 155, 30174 Venezia-Mestre, Italy
| | - Luigi Messori
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3-13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
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Scattolin T, Bortolamiol E, Caligiuri I, Rizzolio F, Demitri N, Visentin F. Synthesis and comparative study of the anticancer activity of η3-allyl palladium(II) complexes bearing N-heterocyclic carbenes as ancillary ligands. Polyhedron 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2020.114607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Scattolin T, Santo C, Demitri N, Canovese L, Visentin F. Chemoselective oxidative addition of vinyl sulfones mediated by palladium complexes bearing picolyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:5684-5694. [PMID: 32293627 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt01144d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The manifold interactions of (E)- or (Z)-1,2-ditosylethene with a palladium(0) centre bearing picolyl-NHC carbene ligands have been studied thoroughly. (E)-1,2-Ditosylethene produces the expected and stable η2-olefin palladium complexes, whereas the coordination of the Z derivative alternatively promotes the isomerization of the olefin itself or an oxidative addition process depending on the steric bulkiness of carbene substituents and/or the adopted synthetic procedure. Remarkably, the oxidative addition pathway involves a selective S-vinyl (not S-aryl) breaking and produces selectively the S- rather than O-coordinated sulfinate. A mechanistic study has clarified the reasons of the chemoselectivity of the process, which was proved to be kinetically controlled. All the involved species have been isolated and exhaustively characterized. In particular, we report the first example of the X-ray crystal structure of a complex bearing one vinyl and one S-sulfinate fragment coordinated to palladium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Scattolin
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Sustainable Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281 (S-3), 9000, Ghent, Belgium
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Scattolin T, Pangerc N, Lampronti I, Tupini C, Gambari R, Marvelli L, Rizzolio F, Demitri N, Canovese L, Visentin F. Palladium (0) olefin complexes bearing purine-based N-heterocyclic carbenes and 1,3,5-triaza-7-phosphaadamantane (PTA): Synthesis, characterization and antiproliferative activity toward human ovarian cancer cell lines. J Organomet Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2019.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Scattolin T, Moro G, Rizzolio F, Santo C, Moretto LM, Visentin. F. Improved Synthesis, Anticancer Activity and Electrochemical Characterization of Unusual Zwitterionic Palladium Compounds with a Ten‐Term Coordinative Ring. ChemistrySelect 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201902316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Scattolin
- Dipartimento di Scienze Molecolari e NanosistemiUniversità Ca' Foscari Campus Scientifico Via Torino 155 30174 Venezia-Mestre Italy
| | - Giulia Moro
- Dipartimento di Scienze Molecolari e NanosistemiUniversità Ca' Foscari Campus Scientifico Via Torino 155 30174 Venezia-Mestre Italy
| | - Flavio Rizzolio
- Dipartimento di Scienze Molecolari e NanosistemiUniversità Ca' Foscari Campus Scientifico Via Torino 155 30174 Venezia-Mestre Italy
- Pathology UnitIRCCS CRO Aviano-National Cancer Institute 33081 Aviano Italy
| | - Claudio Santo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Molecolari e NanosistemiUniversità Ca' Foscari Campus Scientifico Via Torino 155 30174 Venezia-Mestre Italy
| | - Ligia Maria Moretto
- Dipartimento di Scienze Molecolari e NanosistemiUniversità Ca' Foscari Campus Scientifico Via Torino 155 30174 Venezia-Mestre Italy
| | - Fabiano Visentin.
- Dipartimento di Scienze Molecolari e NanosistemiUniversità Ca' Foscari Campus Scientifico Via Torino 155 30174 Venezia-Mestre Italy
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Synthesis and in-depth studies on the anticancer activity of novel palladacyclopentadienyl complexes stabilized by N-Heterocyclic carbene ligands. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 179:325-334. [PMID: 31255929 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.06.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 06/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
New palladacyclopentadienyl complexes with bis-N-heterocyclic carbenes as spectator ligands have been synthesized and exhaustively characterized. The crystal structure of complex 1a has been also determined by X-ray diffraction analysis. Their in vitro cytotoxicity and that of other palladacyclopentadienyl derivatives coordinating different ancillary ligands has been determined against different cancer cell lines. Many complexes have shown an antiproliferative activity toward tumor cells often definitely better than cisplatin, whereas they have resulted practically inactive against the non-cancer MRC-5 cell line. The mechanism of action of bis-NHC derivative 1a, particularly active against ovarian cancer cell lines was studied in depth. Through a longitudinally analysis, it is shown that compound 1a induces apoptosis via DNA damage and release of cytochrome C. We propose compound 1a as a powerful and specific drug for the therapy of a deadly disease such as high grade serous ovarian cancer.
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Scattolin T, Giust S, Bergamini P, Caligiuri I, Canovese L, Demitri N, Gambari R, Lampronti I, Rizzolio F, Visentin F. Palladacyclopentadienyl complexes bearing purine‐based N‐heterocyclic carbenes: A new class of promising antiproliferative agents against human ovarian cancer. Appl Organomet Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.4902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Scattolin
- Dipartimento di Scienze Molecolari e NanosistemiUniversità Ca' Foscari Campus Scientifico Via Torino 155 30174 Venezia‐Mestre Italy
| | - Sonia Giust
- Dipartimento di Scienze Molecolari e NanosistemiUniversità Ca' Foscari Campus Scientifico Via Torino 155 30174 Venezia‐Mestre Italy
| | - Paola Bergamini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e FarmaceuticheUniversità degli Studi di Ferrara Via Fossato di Mortara 74 44121 Ferrara Italy
| | - Isabella Caligiuri
- Pathology Unit, Department of Molecular Biology and Translational ResearchNational Cancer Institute and Center for Molecular Biomedicine – CRO Aviano Italy
| | - Luciano Canovese
- Dipartimento di Scienze Molecolari e NanosistemiUniversità Ca' Foscari Campus Scientifico Via Torino 155 30174 Venezia‐Mestre Italy
| | - Nicola Demitri
- Elettra – Sincrotrone Trieste SS 14 Km 163.5 in Area Science Park 34149 Basovizza Trieste Italy
| | - Roberto Gambari
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e BiotecnologieUniversità degli Studi di Ferrara Via Fossato di Mortara 74 44121 Ferrara Italy
| | - Ilaria Lampronti
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e BiotecnologieUniversità degli Studi di Ferrara Via Fossato di Mortara 74 44121 Ferrara Italy
| | - Flavio Rizzolio
- Dipartimento di Scienze Molecolari e NanosistemiUniversità Ca' Foscari Campus Scientifico Via Torino 155 30174 Venezia‐Mestre Italy
- Pathology Unit, Department of Molecular Biology and Translational ResearchNational Cancer Institute and Center for Molecular Biomedicine – CRO Aviano Italy
| | - Fabiano Visentin
- Dipartimento di Scienze Molecolari e NanosistemiUniversità Ca' Foscari Campus Scientifico Via Torino 155 30174 Venezia‐Mestre Italy
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Canovese L, Visentin F, Scattolin T, Santo C, Bertolasi V. Synthesis of novel olefin complexes of palladium(0) bearing monodentate NHC, phosphine and isocyanide spectator ligands. Polyhedron 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2018.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Rodrigo SK, Guan H. Mechanistic Study of Nickel-Catalyzed Reductive Coupling of Ynoates and Aldehydes. J Org Chem 2017; 82:5230-5235. [PMID: 28460172 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b00483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
In this work, (1,5-hexadiene)Ni(SIPr) (SIPr = 1,3-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)imidazolidin-2-ylidene) is used in place of Ni(COD)2/SIPr·HBF4/KOtBu (COD = 1,5-cyclooctadiene) as a more robust catalyst for regioselective reductive coupling of ynoates and aldehydes with triethylsilane. The catalytic reaction of ethyl 3-(trimethylsilyl)propiolate and methyl 4-formylbenzoate shows first-order dependence on aldehyde and catalyst concentrations, inverse first-order dependence on [ynoate], and no dependence on [silane]. The kinetics data, coupled with deuterium-labeling experiments, support a mechanism involving dissociation of the ynoate from a catalytically dormant nickelacyclopentadiene intermediate prior to turnover-limiting formation of a catalytically active nickeladihydrofuran.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjeewa K Rodrigo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cincinnati , Cincinnati, Ohio 45221-0172, United States
| | - Hairong Guan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cincinnati , Cincinnati, Ohio 45221-0172, United States
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Abstract
It is well-recognized that N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligands have provided a new dimension to the design of homogeneous catalysts. Part of the success of this type of ligands resides in the limitless access to a variety of topologies with tuned electronic properties, but also in the ability of a family of NHCs that are able to adapt their properties to the specific requirements of individual catalytic transformations. The term "smart" is used here to refer to switchable, multifunctional, adaptable, or tunable ligands and, in general, to all those ligands that are able to modify their steric or electronic properties to fulfill the requirements of a defined catalytic reaction. The purpose of this review is to comprehensively describe all types of smart NHC ligands by focusing attention on the catalytically relevant ligand-based reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Peris
- Institute of Advanced Materials , Universitat Jaume I , Avenida Vicente Sos Baynat s/n , Castellón E-12071 , Spain
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Visentin F, Santo C, Scattolin T, Demitri N, Canovese L. Reactivity of N-heterocyclic carbene–pyridine palladacyclopentadiene complexes toward halogen addition. The unpredictable course of the reaction. Dalton Trans 2017; 46:10399-10407. [DOI: 10.1039/c7dt02162c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Novel Pd(ii) complexes characterized by a ten term coordinative ring have been obtained when palladacyclopentadienyl complexes were reacted with I2. The rearrangement kinetics, and a computational study suggesting a plausible mechanism are reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiano Visentin
- Dipartimento di Scienze Molecolari e Nanosistemi
- Università Ca’ Foscari
- Venice
- Italy
| | - Claudio Santo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Molecolari e Nanosistemi
- Università Ca’ Foscari
- Venice
- Italy
| | - Thomas Scattolin
- Dipartimento di Scienze Molecolari e Nanosistemi
- Università Ca’ Foscari
- Venice
- Italy
| | | | - Luciano Canovese
- Dipartimento di Scienze Molecolari e Nanosistemi
- Università Ca’ Foscari
- Venice
- Italy
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Canovese L, Visentin F, Scattolin T, Santo C, Bertolasi V. The addition of halogens and interhalogens on palladacyclopentadienyl complexes bearing quinolyl-thioether as spectator ligands. A kinetic and computational study. Polyhedron 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2016.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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