Fast and transition metal-free general method for the preparation of chalcogenophosphates

NaOAc-Assisted Aerobic Oxidation Protocol for the Synthesis of Pentacoordinate Chalcogenyl Spirophosphoranes with P-Se/P-S Bonds under Open Air

The NaOAc-assisted aerobic oxidation reaction of pentacoordinate hydrospirophosphoranes and dichalcogenyl compounds with open air as a green oxidant has been developed under mild conditions. A series of novel pentacoordinate spirophosphoranes with P-Se/P-S bonds were synthesized in excellent yields. The reaction mechanism was determined by 31P nuclear magnetic resonance tracing experiments, high-resolution mass spectrometry tracing experiments, and X-ray diffraction analysis. The method features a broad substrate scope, good functional group tolerance, and a high degree of atomic utilization and is meaningful for the synthesis of bioactive chalcogenphosphate compounds with chalcogen and phosphorus moieties.

Direct synthesis of phosphorotrithioates from [TBA][P(SiCl3)2] and disulfides

Sulfur-containing organophosphorus molecules have played a pivotal role in organic synthesis, pharmaceutical pesticides and functional materials, thereby motivating researchers worldwide to establish S-P bonds from more environmentally friendly phosphorus sources. In this study, a novel method was developed for constructing S-P bonds, specifically by reacting the inorganic phosphorus derivative TBA[P(SiCl₃)₂] with sulfur-containing compounds under mild conditions. This method demonstrates the advantages of low energy consumption, mild reaction conditions and environmental friendliness. Moreover, this protocol-as a green synthesis method to replace the use of white phosphorus in the production of organophosphorus compounds (OPCs)-achieved the functional conversion of "inorganic phosphorus to organic phosphorus", in line with the national green development strategy.

Metal-Free Regioselective Hydrophosphorodithioation of Spirovinylcyclopropyl Oxindoles: Rapid Access to Allyl Dialkylphosphorodithioates

Phosphorodithioates are important substructures due to their great use in bioactive compounds and functional materials. A metal-free 1,5-addition of spirovinylcyclopropyl oxindoles have been developed by choosing P₄S₁₀ and alcohol as nucleophiles through the regioselective ring-opening of spirovinylcyclopropyl oxindoles. This method provides access to allylic organothiophosphates with high efficiency, wide functional group tolerance, good chemo- and regioselectivity, and E-selectivity. 1,3-Addition products were also prepared in high yield. Furthermore, the resulting organothiophosphates could be readily transformed into other allylic derivatives.

An electrocatalytic three-component reaction for the synthesis of phosphoroselenoates

Phosphoroselenoates are important organic molecules because they have found widespread applications in many fields.

Sulfonyl-Promoted Michaelis-Arbuzov-Type Reaction: An Approach to S/Se-P Bonds

By facilitating the chemical conversion of thiols to thiosulfonates, phosphoramidite/phosphite bearing sp³-hybridized carbon serves as an ideal coupling material to forge new connections at room temperature. In this work, a functional group-induced, additive-free, novel, S-P bond-forming approach is presented. This protocol exhibits good functional group tolerance with wide applications that include phosphorylation of cysteine derivatives, development of a one-pot approach to mixed unsymmetrical thiophosphonates, and extension of the concept to different Se-P bonds. Meticulously, our reaction also generated a S-P bond against cyclic 1,2-dithiane-1-dioxide in a byproduct-free manner. These Michaelis-Arbuzov-type reactions are easy to conduct, work efficiently in a reduced reaction time, and are applicable to gram-scale preparation as well.

The Synthesis and Mechanistic Considerations of a Series of Ammonium Monosubstituted H-Phosphonate Salts

A series of ammonium monosubstituted H-phosphonate salts were synthesized by combining H-phosphonate diesters with amines in the absence of solvent at 80 °C. Variation of the ester substituent and amine produced a range of ionic liquids with low melting points. The products and by-products were analyzed by spectroscopic and spectrometric techniques in order to get a better mechanistic picture of the dealkylation and formal dearylation observed. For dialkyl H-phosphonate diesters, (RO)₂ P(O)H (R=alkyl), the reaction proceeds via direct dealkylation with the reactivity increasing in the order R=iPr<Et<Me corresponding to DFT calculated activation enthalpies of 22.6, 20.8, and 17.9 kcal mol^-1 . For the diphenyl H-phosphonate diesters, (PhO)₂ P(O)H, the dearylation was found to proceed via phenol-assisted formation of a 5-coordinate intermediate, (PhO)₃ PH(OH), from which P(OPh)₃ and water were eliminated. The presence of an equivalent of water then facilitated the formation of P(OH)₂ OPh and the amine, R'NH₂ , subsequently abstracted a proton from it to yield [(PhO)PH(O)O]^- [R'NH₃ ]⁺ .

Highly atom-economical, catalyst-free, and solvent-free phosphorylation of chalcogenides

Silica gel promoted, catalyst-free and solvent-free S-P, Se-P and Te-P bond formations are described. A variety of disulfides coupled with diarylphosphine oxides provide the corresponding phosphinothioates in excellent yields. For the first time, diselenides and ditellurides reacted with dialkyl phosphites under catalyst-free conditions to provide the corresponding phosphoroselenoates and phosphorotelluroates, respectively, in good to excellent yields.

Atom-economical selenation of electron-rich arenes and phosphonates with molecular oxygen at room temperature

An environmentally benign selenation of electron-rich arenes and phosphonates is developed adopting a novel recycle–reuse–reduce strategy for selenol by oxygen.