Ultrasound-assisted Suzuki-Miyaura reaction catalyzed by Pd@Cu2(NH2-BDC)2(DABCO)

Solvent-free mechanochemical multicomponent preparation of 4H-pyrans catalyzed by Cu2(NH2-BDC)2(DABCO) metal-organic framework

4H-pyrans have been prepared through a mechanochemical multicomponent reaction (MCR) of different aldehydes, malononitrile, and various 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds, catalyzed by an amine-functionalized metal-organic framework (MOF) Cu₂(NH₂-BDC)₂(DABCO) as a heterogeneous catalyst with good to excellent yields.

New Trends in C-C Cross-Coupling Reactions: The Use of Unconventional Conditions

The ever-growing interest in the cross-coupling reaction and its applications has increased exponentially in the last decade, owing to its efficiency and effectiveness. Transition metal-mediated cross-couplings reactions, such as Suzuki-Miyaura, Sonogashira, Heck, and others, are powerful tools for carbon-carbon bond formations and have become truly fundamental routes in catalysis, among other fields. Various greener strategies have emerged in recent years, given the widespread popularity of these important reactions. The present review comprises literature from 2015 onward covering the implementation of unconventional methodologies in carbon-carbon (C-C) cross-coupling reactions that embodies a variety of strategies, from the use of alternative energy sources to solvent- free and green media protocols.

Sonochemistry in Transition Metal Catalyzed Cross-coupling Reactions: Recent Developments

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Transition metal catalyzed cross-coupling reactions have always been very important in synthetic organic chemistry due to their versatility in forming all sorts of carbon-carbon and carbon-hetero atom bonds. Incorporation of ultrasound assistance to these protocols resulted in milder reaction conditions, faster reaction rates, etc. This review focuses on the contributions made by ultrasound-assisted protocols towards transition metal catalyzed crosscoupling reactions.

Biosynthesis of eco-friendly and recyclable Pd/LDHs catalyst using the withered leaves extract for Suzuki coupling reaction

The hydrotalcite-supported palladium (Pd) catalyst is prepared with a green and environmentally friendly route, introducing the extract of withered leaves as a dispersant and reducing agent (Pd/LDHs-B). Compared with the as-prepared catalyst (Pd/LDHs-P with the average diameter of 4.3 nm) using a chemical synthesis method with polyvinylpyrrolidone as a dispersant and ascorbic acid (Vc) as a reductant, the results indicate that the size of Pd nanoparticles in Pd/LDHs-B is smaller (ca. 3.6 nm). The Pd-LHDs-B (0.5 mmol‰) exhibits higher activity (98.66%) than Pd/LDHs-P (98.19%) in the Suzuki reaction of 4-bromotoluene and phenylboronic acid at 60°C for 30 min. Also, the reusability of Pd/LDHs-B is confirmed by recycling tests without a significant decrease in activity.

Metal–organic framework mediated expeditious synthesis of benzimidazole and benzothiazole derivatives through an oxidative cyclization pathway

Herein, we report facile synthesis of various benzimidazoles and benzothiazoles by using the NH₂-MIL-125(Ti) MOF as an efficient oxidant-free heterogeneous catalyst with good yield.

Engineering Metal-Organic Framework Catalysts for C-C and C-X Coupling Reactions: Advances in Reticular Approaches from 2014-2018

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are a class of crystalline porous materials that have been actively used for several industrial and synthetic applications. MOFs are spatially and geometrically extrapolated coordination polymers with intriguing properties such as tunable porosity and dimensionality. In terms of their catalytic efficiency, MOFs combine the easy recoverability of heterogeneous catalysts with the increased selectivity of biological catalysts. It is therefore not surprising that a lot of work on optimizing MOF catalysts for organic transformations has been carried out over the past decade. In this review, recent developments in MOF catalysis are summarized, with special attention being paid to C-C, C-N, and C-O coupling reactions. The influence of pore size, pore environment, and load on catalytic activity is described. Post-synthetic stabilization techniques and host-guest interactions in caged MOF scaffolds are detailed. Mechanistic aspects pertaining to the use of MOFs in asymmetric heterogeneous catalysis are highlighted and categorized.