Palladium supported terpyridine modified magnetic nanoparticles as an efficient catalyst for carbon-carbon bond formation

Recent developments in C–C bond formation catalyzed by solid supported palladium: a greener perspective

The world today is struggling to achieve sustainable means for synthetic processes. Standing at this juncture, we need to develop and implement greener and reusable approaches towards organic synthesis. Transition metals especially palladium is a wonder element which has the ability to catalyze a range of useful organic syntheses. However, the expensive nature of palladium has urged synthetic chemists to search for protocols where a single palladium source may be used repeatedly in successive reactions, thus making the overall process cost effective. Palladium when anchored to solid supports leads to catalytic systems which can be easily separated from the organic phase post reaction and can be reused in successive cycles. Not only does this make the process economically viable but also ensures that no metal contaminates the purity of the final organic product. In this review we will highlight the recent developments in C–C bond formation (which is by far the most fundamental mode of bond making in organic synthesis) via the use of solid supported palladium catalytic systems. We will use this opportunity to illustrate the synthetic processes from a greener sustainable point of view which we feel is of utmost relevance in the current scientific scenario.

Recent Progress of Metal Nanoparticle Catalysts for C–C Bond Forming Reactions

Over the past few decades, the use of transition metal nanoparticles (NPs) in catalysis has attracted much attention and their use in C–C bond forming reactions constitutes one of their most important applications. A huge variety of metal NPs, which have showed high catalytic activity for C–C bond forming reactions, have been developed up to now. Many kinds of stabilizers, such as inorganic materials, magnetically recoverable materials, porous materials, organic–inorganic composites, carbon materials, polymers, and surfactants have been utilized to develop metal NPs catalysts. This review classified and outlined the categories of metal NPs by the type of support.