Lower genital tract disease in children and adolescents--a review

A Rare Case of Vulvar Superficial Angiomyxoma in a Pediatric Patient

BACKGROUND

Superficial angiomyxoma (SAM) is a rare, benign cutaneous tumor. Originally described as a component of Carney complex, it is now recognized as a sporadic condition.

CASE

A 7-year-old girl was referred for management of a 2.5-cm mass arising from the right labia majora. Key pathologic features included lobules of spindle-shaped cells in a myxoid matrix and prominent neutrophilic infiltrate. The cells were positive for CD34 and negative for desmin, progesterone receptor, and estrogen receptor staining.

SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION

This case is that of the youngest described patient with vulvar SAM. Patients should be carefully examined for manifestations of Carney complex to avoid potentially life-threatening complications. It is critical to distinguish SAM from aggressive angiomyxoma. The patient was referred to genetics and will be followed for local recurrence.

Imperforate hymen complicated with pyocolpos and lobar nephronia

An imperforate hymen is not a rare condition in female newborns, but is often ignored in a genital examination by physicians. Lobar nephronia is a rare condition in pediatric patients that can be screened by ultrasound or computed tomography to distinguish it from a renal abscess. Treatment for lobar nephronia requires at least 14 days of antimicrobial therapy and a follow-up assessment by renal ultrasonography or dimercaptosuccinic acid scan. We report an unusual case of a 2-year-old girl with an imperforate hymen and pyocolpos. The pyocolpos compressed the left lower ureter to cause hydroureter, hydronephrosis, and nephronia. Partial hymenotomy was performed to drain the pus, and antibiotics were administered for a total of 3 weeks. There was a good outcome. This case demonstrates the need to perform a full physical examination, particularly a genital examination, in newborns. Further, if gynecologic pathology is suspected, then urologic screening studies are recommended to rule out potential associated anomalies.