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Borges ALV, Gonçalves RFS, Chofakian CBDN, Nascimento NDC, Figueiredo RMMDD, Fujimori E, Santos OAD, Divino EDA. [Emergency contraceptive use among women attending Primary Health Care services in three Brazilian capital cities]. CIENCIA & SAUDE COLETIVA 2021; 26:3671-3682. [PMID: 34468661 DOI: 10.1590/1413-81232021269.2.32772019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Little is known regarding the use of emergency contraception among women from different regions of Brazil. The use of emergency contraception as well as contraceptive methods before and after coitus was analyzed. This cross-sectional study assessed the use of emergency contraception by interviewing 2,051 women aged between 18 and 49 attending 76 basic health units in three capitals: São Paulo-SP, Aracaju-SE and Cuiabá-MT. Aspects associated with the use of emergency contraception were analyzed by means of multiple logistic regression. Over half of the women reported the use of emergency contraception (56.7%). Having a high level of education, being from a more privileged socioeconomic group, having a paid job and having had four or more sexual partners were associated with the use of emergency contraception. Being 35 years of age or older and being in a stable relationship was negatively associated. The last time they used emergency contraception, 53.2% used another method, with the male condom and oral pill being the most frequent. Of those who did not use the method, half adopted the regular method after using it (51.7%). The conclusion drawn is that emergency contraception is widely used and does not appear to affect the use of the regular contraceptive method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Luiza Vilela Borges
- Departamento de Enfermagem em Saúde Coletiva, Escola de Enfermagem, Universidade de São Paulo (USP). R. Dr. Enéias de Carvalho Aguiar 419, Cerqueira César. 05403-000 São Paulo SP Brasil.
| | - Renata Ferreira Sena Gonçalves
- Departamento de Enfermagem em Saúde Coletiva, Escola de Enfermagem, Universidade de São Paulo (USP). R. Dr. Enéias de Carvalho Aguiar 419, Cerqueira César. 05403-000 São Paulo SP Brasil.
| | | | - Natália de Castro Nascimento
- Departamento de Enfermagem em Saúde Coletiva, Escola de Enfermagem, Universidade de São Paulo (USP). R. Dr. Enéias de Carvalho Aguiar 419, Cerqueira César. 05403-000 São Paulo SP Brasil.
| | | | - Elizabeth Fujimori
- Departamento de Enfermagem em Saúde Coletiva, Escola de Enfermagem, Universidade de São Paulo (USP). R. Dr. Enéias de Carvalho Aguiar 419, Cerqueira César. 05403-000 São Paulo SP Brasil.
| | - Osmara Alves Dos Santos
- Departamento de Enfermagem em Saúde Coletiva, Escola de Enfermagem, Universidade de São Paulo (USP). R. Dr. Enéias de Carvalho Aguiar 419, Cerqueira César. 05403-000 São Paulo SP Brasil.
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Siddiqui M, Fatima K, Ali SN, Fatima M, Naveed W, Siddiqui F, Naqvi T, Khan S, Amin M, Liaquat A, Bibi Z. Prevalence and Predictors of Contraception Usage in Karachi, Pakistan. Cureus 2020; 12:e11265. [PMID: 33274142 PMCID: PMC7707907 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.11265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Contraception, also known as family planning, refers to methods that intercept unwanted pregnancies. The modalities of contraception have evolved and multiplied over time to facilitate users. Despite enormous benefits, the contraceptive methods remain underutilized in developing countries such as Pakistan. Accordingly, the primary purpose of our study is to determine the prevalence, perception, and attitude of contraceptive usage in Karachi. The study further assesses the knowledge and core determinants of contraception. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in Karachi, Pakistan. The sample population comprised currently married males and females residing in Karachi, with females from 16 to 45 years of age and males of 16 years of age and forth. Pregnant females, divorcees, and widowed individuals were excluded. A pre-tested questionnaire was administered to record the demographics, knowledge, and frequency of contraceptive usage, and attitude and perception towards contraception. The data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS( v. 23.0 (IBM Corp. Armonk, NY). Results Results depicted that 93.4% (n=468) had knowledge of contraception while 49.7% (n=249) were currently using contraception. The most frequently employed contraceptive modality emerged as condoms (n=163, 65.5%), followed by withdrawal (n=71, 28.5%) and pills (n=62, 24.9%). The prevalence of contraceptive usage was more inclined towards the educated stratum and higher socioeconomic class. Potential predictors for contraceptive usage came out as the number of children, knowledge regarding contraception, spouse's support for usage, a desire for more children, and family planning counseling (p<0.05). Conclusion There is a drastic increase in the prevalence of contraceptive usage in Pakistan as compared to previous studies. Efforts must be made to further augment the knowledge and awareness regarding contraceptive modalities to increase acceptability and eliminate myths prevalent in society regarding contraception.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maheen Siddiqui
- Internal Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, PAK
| | - Khunsha Fatima
- Internal Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, PAK
| | - Syeda Nimrah Ali
- Internal Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, PAK
| | - Mudebbera Fatima
- Internal Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, PAK
| | - Wajeeha Naveed
- Internal Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, PAK
| | - Fatima Siddiqui
- Internal Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, PAK
| | - Tahira Naqvi
- Internal Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, PAK
| | - Sehar Khan
- Internal Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, PAK
| | - Mehreen Amin
- Internal Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, PAK
| | - Amna Liaquat
- Internal Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, PAK
| | - Zainab Bibi
- Internal Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, PAK
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Chofakian CBDN, Moreau C, Borges ALV, Santos OAD. Contraceptive discontinuation and its relation to emergency contraception use among undergraduate women in Brazil. SEXUAL & REPRODUCTIVE HEALTHCARE 2019; 21:81-86. [DOI: 10.1016/j.srhc.2019.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Revised: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Firman N, Palmer MJ, Timæus IM, Wellings K. Contraceptive method use among women and its association with age, relationship status and duration: findings from the third British National Survey of Sexual Attitudes and Lifestyles (Natsal-3). BMJ SEXUAL & REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH 2018; 44:bmjsrh-2017-200037. [PMID: 29972356 PMCID: PMC6225475 DOI: 10.1136/bmjsrh-2017-200037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Revised: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND One in six pregnancies in Britain are unplanned. An understanding of influences on contraceptive method choice is essential to provision compatible with users' lifestyles. This study describes contraceptive method use by age, and relationship status and duration, among women in Britain. METHODS Data from women participating in the third British National Survey of Sexual Attitudes and Lifestyles were used to describe contraceptive use grouped as: unreliable method or none; barrier methods; oral/injectable hormonal methods; and long-acting reversible contraception. A total of 4456 women at risk of pregnancy were used to examine associations between contraception use, age, relationship type and duration. Age-stratified odds ratios for contraceptive use by relationship type and duration were estimated using binary logistic regression. RESULTS Some 26.0% of 16-49-year-olds used hormonal contraception as their usual method. Use of hormonal and barrier methods was highest in the youngest age group and decreased with age; the reverse was true for use of unreliable methods or none. Barrier method use was higher in short-term relationships among younger participants; this was not seen among older respondents. Duration was more strongly associated with usual contraceptive method than relationship type; this pattern was more marked among younger participants. CONCLUSIONS Asking about relationship status and duration may help providers support women's contraceptive use by considering their priorities and preferences at different life stages. Interactions between relationship characteristics, age and contraception are complex, and bear closer scrutiny both in research and in policy and practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Firman
- Life Course Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Population, Policy and Practice Programme, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Melissa J Palmer
- Centre for Sexual and Reproductive Health Research, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Ian M Timæus
- Department of Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Kaye Wellings
- Centre for Sexual and Reproductive Health Research, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
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Vigoureux S, Bajos N, Ringa V. Effect of Parent-Daughter Communication about Sex on the Use of Less Effective Contraception among Women from Ages 15-24 Years in France. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol 2018; 31:33-39. [PMID: 28807735 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpag.2017.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Revised: 07/27/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVE Most women begin sexual activity as teenagers but nearly 20% of women in France younger than 25 years rely on less effective contraceptive methods (condoms or methods such as withdrawal or periodic abstinence). We sought to analyze the association with less effective contraception among women aged 15-24 years in France and communication about sex and contraception with their parents. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS, INTERVENTIONS, AND MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The analyses focused on 713 sexually active women who did not currently want a child, were using contraception, and were interviewed in 2010 in a national cross-sectional probability survey (FEcondité CONtraception Dysfonctions sexuelles [FECOND]) when they were 15-24 years old. Associations between the use of less effective contraception, social and demographic characteristics, sexual activity, health characteristics, and communication with parents and friends about sexuality and contraception were tested with logistic regression models according to age group. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION Less effective contraception (condoms, and barrier or natural methods) is used more often by younger women: 27.5% of 15- to 19-year-old women and 14.7% of 20- to 24-year-old women (P < .001). After adjustment for demographic characteristics and aspects of their sex lives (regularity and frequency of intercourse), women who reported difficulty discussing contraception and sex with their mothers at age 15 years were more likely than those with easier communication to use less effective contraception (for those 15-19 years, odds ratio = 1.97; 95% confidence interval, 0.94-4.10, and for those 20-24 years, odds ratio = 2.36; 95% confidence interval, 1.31-4.26). Difficulty in communicating with their parents, especially their mothers, about sex, is associated with young women's choice of less effective contraception.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solène Vigoureux
- Université Paris-Saclay, Univ Paris-Sud, UVSQ, CESP Centre for research in Epidemiology and Population Health, U1018, Gender, Sexuality and Health team, Kremlin-Bicêtre, France; Ined, Paris, France; Service de Gynécologie Obstétrique, Hôpital Bicêtre, GHU Sud, AP-HP, Faculty of Medicine, Univ Paris Sud F-94276, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France.
| | - Nathalie Bajos
- Université Paris-Saclay, Univ Paris-Sud, UVSQ, CESP Centre for research in Epidemiology and Population Health, U1018, Gender, Sexuality and Health team, Kremlin-Bicêtre, France; Ined, Paris, France
| | - Virginie Ringa
- Université Paris-Saclay, Univ Paris-Sud, UVSQ, CESP Centre for research in Epidemiology and Population Health, U1018, Gender, Sexuality and Health team, Kremlin-Bicêtre, France; Ined, Paris, France
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Trends in the use of oral contraceptives among adolescents and young women in Spain. Reprod Health 2016; 13:122. [PMID: 27664123 PMCID: PMC5035482 DOI: 10.1186/s12978-016-0239-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2016] [Accepted: 09/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We aimed to determine the prevalence of consumption of oral contraceptives (OCs) among adolescents and young women living in Spain and to identify the factors associated with this consumption. Methods We performed a cross-sectional study on the consumption of OCs by women aged 15–30 years residing in Spain. We used secondary individualized data from the 2006 (n = 2513) and 2012 (n = 1530) Spanish National Health Surveys. The dependent variable was the use of OCs in the previous 2 weeks. Independent variables included sociodemographic characteristics, comorbidity, lifestyle, and healthcare resource utilization. The prevalence of OC consumption was analysed by investigating the changes observed between 2006 and 2012. We used multivariate logistic regression to identify the independent factors associated with OC use in each year. Results In 2006, 14.42 % of women reported using OCs; this percentage dropped to 10.21 % in 2012 (p < 0.05). Multivariate analysis revealed an association between OC use and visits to the gynaecologist (AOR, 5.60 [95 % CI, 2.93–10.73] in 2006; and AOR, 3.55 [95 % CI, 1.30–9.73] in 2012), Pap smear tests (AOR, 1.8 [95 % CI, 1.23–2.87] in 2006; and AOR, 2.42 [95 % CI, 1.30–4.51] in 2012), and smoking in 2006 (AOR, 1.42 [95 % CI, 1.04–1.93]). Conclusions There was a significant decrease in OC use from 2006 to 2012 among adolescents and young women living in Spain. In the present study, consumers of OCs were women who visited a gynaecologist more often and complied more with preventive measures such as Pap smear testing. Also, women who reported having used OCs were more likely to smoke than the rest of the study population, although the smoking habit is a risk factor for thrombotic events in women who take OCs.
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