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He S, Jiang J. Clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes of angioleiomyoma of the female genital tract: a retrospective cohort study. BMC Womens Health 2024; 24:479. [PMID: 39217279 PMCID: PMC11365262 DOI: 10.1186/s12905-024-03322-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Angioleiomyoma, a benign tumour composed of smooth muscle cells and thick-walled vessels, is expected to be very rare in the female genital tract. This study aimed to describe the clinicopathological features and treatment outcomes of angioleiomyoma in the female genital tract. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed 89 women with angioleiomyoma in the genital tract who were treated at Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University between July 2008 and October 2023. Symptom remission rate was the primary outcome of the study. RESULTS Angioleiomyomas accounted for 0.6% of leiomyomas of the female genital tract. The average age of the 89 women was 41.8 ± 8.7 years. Seventy women (78.7%) had a history of uterine surgery, of whom two patients had removed uterine angioleiomyoma by laparoscopic myomectomy. The angioleiomyomas of 61 (68.5%) women were located in the uterine corpus, 17 (19.1%) in the broad ligament, 10 (11.2%) in the cervix and only 1 (1.1%) in the vagina. Abnormal uterine bleeding was the main clinical manifestation of angioleiomyomas located in the uterine corpus or cervix, whereas the main clinical manifestation of angioleiomyomas in the broad ligaments was pelvic mass. Of the 89 women, 59 underwent surgery to preserve the uterus, and 30 underwent total hysterectomy or subtotal hysterectomy. The intraoperative blood loss was more than 500 ml (700-4,500 ml) in six women. The symptom remission rate was 100% after surgery. Among the 59 women with preserved uterus, 8 showed multiple uterine leiomyomas during follow-up, but it was difficult to determine whether they were angioleiomyomas. Angioleiomyomas recurred in one women who underwent total hysterectomy. CONCLUSION Angioleiomyoma is rare in the female reproductive tract, and patients may present with diverse symptoms, which are related to the location of the tumour. Hysterectomy and myomectomy are both effective treatment methods, but the risk of intraoperative bleeding should be recognised for multiple lesions and those with large diameters. Relapse may occur in some patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sili He
- Department of Gynecology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, NO. 138 Tongzipo, Yuelu District, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Jianfa Jiang
- Department of Gynecology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, NO. 138 Tongzipo, Yuelu District, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China.
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Qian L, Yuan J, Qiao Z. Exophytic angioleiomyoma of portal vein: An unusual location. Asian J Surg 2022; 45:1033-1034. [PMID: 35120832 DOI: 10.1016/j.asjsur.2022.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Liqiang Qian
- Department of General Surgery, Suzhou Ninth People's Hospital, Suzhou Ninth Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jianmao Yuan
- Department of General Surgery, Suzhou Ninth People's Hospital, Suzhou Ninth Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
| | - Zhenguo Qiao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Suzhou Ninth People's Hospital, Suzhou Ninth Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
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Hwang YC, Park SY. A Rare Angioleiomyoma of the Uterine Cervix: A Case Report with Peculiar MRI Findings. JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF RADIOLOGY 2022; 83:693-698. [PMID: 36238524 PMCID: PMC9514527 DOI: 10.3348/jksr.2021.0127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Angioleiomyoma (vascular leiomyoma) of the uterine cervix is an extremely rare type of benign tumor composed of smooth muscle cells and thick-walled blood vessels. Only a few cases of cervical angioleiomyoma have been reported. Here, we present imaging, including ultrasonography, contrast-enhanced CT, MRI, and histopathological findings of a 38-year-old female with an angioleiomyoma of the uterine cervix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Chul Hwang
- Department of Radiology, Daegu Fatima Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - Seo Young Park
- Department of Radiology, Daegu Fatima Hospital, Daegu, Korea
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Seth A, Mathur A. Angioleiomyoma of Uterus and Cervix: A Rare Report of Two Cases. J Midlife Health 2021; 12:179-184. [PMID: 34526755 PMCID: PMC8409705 DOI: 10.4103/jmh.jmh_102_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2019] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We report two rare cases of genital angioleiomyomas (ALs), one each of uterus and cervix. The uterine AL showed a very rare presentation of endometrial polyp, while the cervical AL presented as an intramural cervical growth. We have also reviewed the literature and enlisted all uterine and cervical ALs reported till now.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankit Seth
- Department of Pathology, Kasturba Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Anjali Mathur
- Department of Pathology, Kasturba Hospital, New Delhi, India
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Sun R, Guan H, Li H, Bai Y, Wang F, Li C. Computed tomography evaluation of extensive intravenous angioleiomyoma: a case report. BMC Med Imaging 2020; 20:13. [PMID: 32028907 PMCID: PMC7006090 DOI: 10.1186/s12880-020-0417-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Uterine angioleiomyoma is a rare variant of leiomyoma, and the main therapy is complete surgery. This study introduces the benefit of three-dimensional computed tomography reconstruction for preoperative preparation. Case presentation A 50-year-old woman presented because of chest distress after activity, with worsening symptoms. After examination, the final diagnosis was uterine angioleiomyoma. The tumour originated in the uterus; grew into the right iliac vein; coursed along the iliac vein, inferior vena cava, and right atrium; and finally invaded the right ventricle. To best complete the surgery, a multidisciplinary surgery was selected. Before the surgery, a three-dimensional computed tomography reconstruction model was created to assess the tumour status, and this model enabled the surgery to be completed successfully. Conclusion Three-dimensional computed tomography reconstruction is of great significance for the preoperative diagnosis of uterine angioleiomyoma and the formulation of surgical treatment plans. Based on its vivid images, surgeons can perform operations more effectively and safely.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Sun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, 324 Jingwu Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongwei Guan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, 324 Jingwu Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Li
- Nursing Department, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, 324 Jingwu Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, People's Republic of China
| | - Yixuan Bai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, 324 Jingwu Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, 324 Jingwu Road, Jinan, 250021, People's Republic of China.
| | - Changzhong Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, 324 Jingwu Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, People's Republic of China
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Borzutzky C, Jaffray J. Diagnosis and Management of Heavy Menstrual Bleeding and Bleeding Disorders in Adolescents. JAMA Pediatr 2020; 174:186-194. [PMID: 31886837 DOI: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2019.5040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Heavy menstrual bleeding is a common cause of anemia and reduced quality of life in adolescents. There is a higher prevalence of bleeding disorders in girls with heavy menstrual bleeding than in the general population. Pediatricians should be comfortable with the initial evaluation of heavy menstrual bleeding and the indications for referral to subspecialty care. OBSERVATIONS The most common cause of heavy menstrual bleeding in adolescents is ovulatory dysfunction, followed by coagulopathies. The most common inherited bleeding disorder is von Willebrand disease, and its incidence in adolescents with heavy menstrual bleeding is high. Distinguishing the etiology of heavy menstrual bleeding will guide treatment, which can include hemostatic medications, hormonal agents, or a combination of both. Among hormonal agents, the 52-mg levonogestrel intrauterine device has been shown to be superior in its effect on heavy menstrual bleeding and is safe and effective in adolescents with bleeding disorders. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Anemia, need for transfusion of blood products, and hospitalization may be avoided with prompt recognition, diagnosis, and treatment of heavy menstrual bleeding, especially when in the setting of bleeding disorders. Safe and effective treatment methods are available and can greatly improve quality of life for affected adolescents. A multidisciplinary approach to the treatment of girls with bleeding disorders and history of heavy menstrual bleeding is optimal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Borzutzky
- Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles.,Division of Adolescent and Young Adult Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Julie Jaffray
- Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles.,Children's Center for Cancer and Blood Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
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A giant superinfected uterine angioleiomyoma with distant septic metastases: an extremely rare presentation of a benign process and a systematic review of the literature. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2019; 300:841-847. [PMID: 31435775 DOI: 10.1007/s00404-019-05267-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Uterine angioleiomyoma is a rare type of leiomyoma variant and there are few cases reported in the literature. The definitive diagnosis is usually obtained only after the histopathologic examination because there are no specific imaging criteria for this disease. The objective of this article is to review published cases about this clinical condition. METHODS We report a case of giant angioleiomyoma superinfected by S. agalactiae with the development of latero-cervical distant metastasis in a premenopausal woman. Firstly, the case herein reported was orientated as an endometrial stroma sarcoma in the peri-operative histologic examination by frozen sections. It was treated with laparotomic total hysterectomy, bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, inframesocolic omentectomy and pelvic and paraaortic lymph node dissection. Postoperative definitive anatomopathological analyses using a proper immunohistochemical panel revealed a case of uterine angioleiomyoma. We also review other case reports published about this clinical condition. RESULTS We present the first case reported in the literature, in our knowledge, of a giant angioleiomyoma superinfected by S. agalactiae with the development of distant septic metastases. Immunohistochemistry permitted the definitive diagnosis of angioleiomyoma. Treatments previously reported are hysterectomy or tumor resection and any patient recurred. CONCLUSIONS The definitive diagnosis is usually obtained after the definitive histopathologic examination since the use of immunohistochemical study has an important role in this regard. Complete surgical removal of the lesion is the treatment of choice, with no recurrent cases reported to date.
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Successfully removed uterine angioleiomyoma by robot-assisted laparoscopic myomectomy. Obstet Gynecol Sci 2018; 61:425-429. [PMID: 29780788 PMCID: PMC5956129 DOI: 10.5468/ogs.2018.61.3.425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Revised: 07/05/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Angioleiomyoma is a rare type of leiomyoma variant and there are a few cases reported to date. Herein, we present a case of angioleiomyoma in a 36-year-old woman with lower abdominal pain, initially diagnosed by degenerated uterine leiomyoma. The transvaginal ultrasonogram showed an ovoid-shaped heterogeneously hyperechoic lesion in left cornual site of uterus and pelvic magnetic resonance image showed an about 5.1 cm sized heterogenous T2 intermediate high mass with poor enhancement. The patient underwent a robot-assisted laparoscopic myomectomy, and final histopathologic diagnosis revealed uterine angioleiomyoma. This case is the first case of angioleiomyoma resected by robotic surgery. The patient is on follow up for over 1 year and shows no evidence of recurrence until now.
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Pierro A, Rotondi F, Cilla S, De Ninno M, Mattoni M, Berardi S, Pericoli Ridolfini M, Sallustio G. Giant angioleiomyoma of uterus: A case report with focus on CT imaging. Radiol Case Rep 2018; 13:371-375. [PMID: 29904475 PMCID: PMC6000078 DOI: 10.1016/j.radcr.2018.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
We report a rare case of giant angioleiomyoma located in the uterus and detected in a 37-year-old woman. The uterus is an extremely rare location for angioleiomyoma. The definitive diagnosis is usually obtained only after the histopathologic examination because the imaging criteria are challenging for this disease. We focused our attention on the main computed tomography features able to provide a robust preoperative diagnosis of this rare clinical entity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Pierro
- Radiology Department, Fondazione di Ricerca e Cura "Giovanni Paolo II", Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Fabio Rotondi
- Department of Oncology Surgery, Fondazione di Ricerca e Cura "Giovanni Paolo II", Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Savino Cilla
- Medical Physics Unit, Fondazione di Ricerca e Cura "Giovanni Paolo II", Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Maria De Ninno
- Department of Human Pathology, Fondazione di Ricerca e Cura "Giovanni Paolo II", Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Marilena Mattoni
- Department of Human Pathology, Fondazione di Ricerca e Cura "Giovanni Paolo II", Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Stefano Berardi
- Department of Oncology Surgery, Fondazione di Ricerca e Cura "Giovanni Paolo II", Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Marco Pericoli Ridolfini
- Department of Oncology Surgery, Fondazione di Ricerca e Cura "Giovanni Paolo II", Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Sallustio
- Radiology Department, Fondazione di Ricerca e Cura "Giovanni Paolo II", Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Campobasso, Italy
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A case report of angioleiomyoma of uterus. Obstet Gynecol Sci 2017; 60:494-497. [PMID: 28989930 PMCID: PMC5621083 DOI: 10.5468/ogs.2017.60.5.494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Revised: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Angioleiomyoma (AL) is a very rare benign tumor that originates from smooth muscle cells and has thick walled vessels. It may be found throughout the body but more frequently occurs in the lower extremities and rarely develops in the head and other parts of the body. This paper presents a case report of giant AL detected in a 33-year-old woman who complained of severe anemia, menorrhagia, and palpable lower abdominal mass. The patient underwent myomectomy and was diagnosed with AL based on the pathological report of mass. The effective treatment for AL is either simple hysterectomy or angiomyomectomy depending on the patient's desire to preserve fertility and symptom.
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Gupta M, Suryawanshi M, Kumar R, Peedicayil A. Angioleiomyoma of Uterus: A Clinicopathologic Study of 6 Cases. Int J Surg Pathol 2017; 26:18-23. [PMID: 28905674 DOI: 10.1177/1066896917731516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Angioleiomyoma is a benign perivascular neoplasm commonly involving subcutaneous tissue of extremities, head, and trunk region. They rarely involve the female genital tract. This study analyses clinicopathological features of 6 cases of uterine angioleiomyoma. METHODS Routine sections of 6 cases were reviewed and immunohistochemical markers namely muscle-specific actin, h-caldesmon, desmin, CD10, WT-1, HMB-45, and melan-A were done. RESULTS Of the 6 cases, 4 cases had tumor involving the corpus and 2 cases had tumor in the cervix. Grossly, all tumors had a whorled and congested cut surface. Microscopic examination of all the cases revealed circumscribed neoplasms composed of interlacing fascicles of benign perivascular smooth muscle cells with evenly distributed slit-like blood vessels (solid variant) along with vessels exhibiting thick muscular walls with swirling pattern (venous variant). In only 2 cases many dilated vessels were seen (cavernous variant). Immunohistochemically, all cases were positive for muscle-specific actin, h-caldesmon, and desmin. All cases were negative for CD10 and WT-1 ruling out endometrial stromal tumor and were negative for HMB-45 and melan-A ruling out perivascular epithelioid cell tumor (both endometrial stromal tumor and perivascular epithelioid cell tumor have prominent vessels but have different histomorphology). In all cases, surgical excision was curative and there were no intraoperative or postoperative complications. Follow-up of all the cases has been unremarkable. CONCLUSION As the World Health Organization has not included angioleiomyoma in the classification of mesenchymal tumors of uterine corpus and cervix, we recommend that it should be included in the classification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayank Gupta
- 1 Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Ramani Kumar
- 1 Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
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Uterine angioleiomyoma - a rare variant of uterine leiomyoma: review of literature and case reports. MENOPAUSE REVIEW 2016; 15:165-169. [PMID: 27980528 PMCID: PMC5137480 DOI: 10.5114/pm.2016.63496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2016] [Accepted: 09/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Uterine angioleiomyoma (AL) is an extremely rare variant of uterine leiomyoma. It is composed of smooth muscle cells and thick-walled blood vessels. Angioleiomyoma usually occurs in middle-aged women, 40-60 years old. Aim of the study was to review of literature research reports on uterine AL. Discussion of nine case reports of uterine AL in the patients operated on in our ward. Material and methods The paper presents analysis of accessible research reports on uterine AL, and medical records of the patients operated on in our ward. Results Mean age of the patients with uterine AL was 47.11 ±5.21, body mass index (BMI) 25.88 ±3.95. All women had given birth (1-5 natural deliveries, 2.44 mean). Uterine AL occurred in 0.34% to 0.40% cases of leiomyomas. Angioleiomyoma were located intramurally and subserosally in six and three patients (respectively, 66.7% and 33.3%). Laparotomy was undertaken in seven cases (77.8%), transvaginal access in two cases (22.2%), and myomectomy in one case (11.1%). Blood transfusion was required in four cases (44.4%). Conclusions In the group of uterine leiomyomas, uterine ALs occurred in 0.34-0.40% of cases. Angioleiomyoma cases posed a greater risk of complications threatening the patient’s health and life. Preoperative differentiation of AL with ovarian tumour was more difficult due to frequent degenerative lesions in the course of uterine AL.
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