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Sanders JJ, Temin S, Ghoshal A, Alesi ER, Ali ZV, Chauhan C, Cleary JF, Epstein AS, Firn JI, Jones JA, Litzow MR, Lundquist D, Mardones MA, Nipp RD, Rabow MW, Rosa WE, Zimmermann C, Ferrell BR. Palliative Care for Patients With Cancer: ASCO Guideline Update. J Clin Oncol 2024; 42:2336-2357. [PMID: 38748941 DOI: 10.1200/jco.24.00542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To provide evidence-based guidance to oncology clinicians, patients, nonprofessional caregivers, and palliative care clinicians to update the 2016 ASCO guideline on the integration of palliative care into standard oncology for all patients diagnosed with cancer. METHODS ASCO convened an Expert Panel of medical, radiation, hematology-oncology, oncology nursing, palliative care, social work, ethics, advocacy, and psycho-oncology experts. The Panel conducted a literature search, including systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and randomized controlled trials published from 2015-2023. Outcomes of interest included quality of life (QOL), patient satisfaction, physical and psychological symptoms, survival, and caregiver burden. Expert Panel members used available evidence and informal consensus to develop evidence-based guideline recommendations. RESULTS The literature search identified 52 relevant studies to inform the evidence base for this guideline. RECOMMENDATIONS Evidence-based recommendations address the integration of palliative care in oncology. Oncology clinicians should refer patients with advanced solid tumors and hematologic malignancies to specialized interdisciplinary palliative care teams that provide outpatient and inpatient care beginning early in the course of the disease, alongside active treatment of their cancer. For patients with cancer with unaddressed physical, psychosocial, or spiritual distress, cancer care programs should provide dedicated specialist palliative care services complementing existing or emerging supportive care interventions. Oncology clinicians from across the interdisciplinary cancer care team may refer the caregivers (eg, family, chosen family, and friends) of patients with cancer to palliative care teams for additional support. The Expert Panel suggests early palliative care involvement, especially for patients with uncontrolled symptoms and QOL concerns. Clinicians caring for patients with solid tumors on phase I cancer trials may also refer them to specialist palliative care.Additional information is available at www.asco.org/supportive-care-guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sarah Temin
- American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), Alexandria, VA
| | - Arun Ghoshal
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Erin R Alesi
- Virginia Commonwealth University Health System, Massey Cancer Center, Richmond, VA
| | | | | | - James F Cleary
- Indiana University Melvin and Bren Simon Cancer Center, Indianapolis, IN
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Michael W Rabow
- UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA
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Tuca A, Viladot M, Carrera G, Llavata L, Barrera C, Chicote M, Marco-Hernández J, Padrosa J, Zamora-Martínez C, Grafia I, Pascual A, Font C, Font E. Evolution of Complexity of Palliative Care Needs and Patient Profiles According to the PALCOM Scale (Part Two): Pooled Analysis of the Cohorts for the Development and Validation of the PALCOM Scale in Advanced Cancer Patients. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1744. [PMID: 38730696 PMCID: PMC11083064 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16091744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Identifying the complexity of palliative care needs is a key aspect of referral to specialized multidisciplinary early palliative care (EPC) teams. The PALCOM scale is an instrument consisting of five multidimensional assessment domains developed in 2018 and validated in 2023 to identify the level of complexity in patients with advanced cancer. (1) Objectives: The main objective of this study was to determine the degree of instability (likelihood of level change or death), health resource consumption and the survival of patients according to the level of palliative complexity assigned at the baseline visit during a 6-month follow-up. (2) Method: An observational, prospective, multicenter study was conducted using pooled data from the development and validation cohort of the PALCOM scale. The main outcome variables were as follows: (a) instability ratio (IR), defined as the probability of level change or death; (b) emergency department visits; (c) days of hospitalization; (d) hospital death; (e) survival. All the variables were analyzed monthly according to the level of complexity assigned at the baseline visit. (3) Results: A total of 607 patients with advanced cancer were enrolled. According to the PALCOM scale, 20% of patients were classified as low complexity, 50% as medium and 30% as high complexity. The overall IR was 45% in the low complexity group, 68% in the medium complexity group and 78% in the high complexity group (p < 0.001). No significant differences in mean monthly emergency department visits (0.2 visits/ patient/month) were observed between the different levels of complexity. The mean number of days spent in hospital per month was 1.5 in the low complexity group, 1.8 in the medium complexity group and 3.2 in the high complexity group (p < 0.001). The likelihood of in-hospital death was significantly higher in the high complexity group (29%) compared to the medium (16%) and low (8%) complexity groups (p < 0.001). Six-month survival was significantly lower in the high complexity group (24%) compared to the medium (37%) and low (57%) complexity groups (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION According to the PALCOM scale, more complex cases are associated with greater instability and use of hospital resources and lower survival. The data also confirm that the PALCOM scale is a consistent and useful tool for describing complexity profiles, targeting referrals to the EPC and managing the intensity of shared care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert Tuca
- Unit of Supportive Care in Cancer, Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Clinic and Translational Genomics and Targeted Therapies in Solid Tumors, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (M.V.); (G.C.); (L.L.); (C.B.); (M.C.); (J.M.-H.); (J.P.); (C.Z.-M.); (I.G.); (A.P.); (C.F.); (E.F.)
- Psychosocial Support Team, “La Caixa” Foundation (EAPS), Clinic Hospital of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Chair of Palliative Care, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Margarita Viladot
- Unit of Supportive Care in Cancer, Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Clinic and Translational Genomics and Targeted Therapies in Solid Tumors, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (M.V.); (G.C.); (L.L.); (C.B.); (M.C.); (J.M.-H.); (J.P.); (C.Z.-M.); (I.G.); (A.P.); (C.F.); (E.F.)
| | - Gemma Carrera
- Unit of Supportive Care in Cancer, Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Clinic and Translational Genomics and Targeted Therapies in Solid Tumors, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (M.V.); (G.C.); (L.L.); (C.B.); (M.C.); (J.M.-H.); (J.P.); (C.Z.-M.); (I.G.); (A.P.); (C.F.); (E.F.)
| | - Lucia Llavata
- Unit of Supportive Care in Cancer, Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Clinic and Translational Genomics and Targeted Therapies in Solid Tumors, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (M.V.); (G.C.); (L.L.); (C.B.); (M.C.); (J.M.-H.); (J.P.); (C.Z.-M.); (I.G.); (A.P.); (C.F.); (E.F.)
| | - Carmen Barrera
- Unit of Supportive Care in Cancer, Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Clinic and Translational Genomics and Targeted Therapies in Solid Tumors, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (M.V.); (G.C.); (L.L.); (C.B.); (M.C.); (J.M.-H.); (J.P.); (C.Z.-M.); (I.G.); (A.P.); (C.F.); (E.F.)
- Chair of Palliative Care, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manoli Chicote
- Unit of Supportive Care in Cancer, Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Clinic and Translational Genomics and Targeted Therapies in Solid Tumors, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (M.V.); (G.C.); (L.L.); (C.B.); (M.C.); (J.M.-H.); (J.P.); (C.Z.-M.); (I.G.); (A.P.); (C.F.); (E.F.)
| | - Javier Marco-Hernández
- Unit of Supportive Care in Cancer, Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Clinic and Translational Genomics and Targeted Therapies in Solid Tumors, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (M.V.); (G.C.); (L.L.); (C.B.); (M.C.); (J.M.-H.); (J.P.); (C.Z.-M.); (I.G.); (A.P.); (C.F.); (E.F.)
| | - Joan Padrosa
- Unit of Supportive Care in Cancer, Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Clinic and Translational Genomics and Targeted Therapies in Solid Tumors, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (M.V.); (G.C.); (L.L.); (C.B.); (M.C.); (J.M.-H.); (J.P.); (C.Z.-M.); (I.G.); (A.P.); (C.F.); (E.F.)
| | - Carles Zamora-Martínez
- Unit of Supportive Care in Cancer, Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Clinic and Translational Genomics and Targeted Therapies in Solid Tumors, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (M.V.); (G.C.); (L.L.); (C.B.); (M.C.); (J.M.-H.); (J.P.); (C.Z.-M.); (I.G.); (A.P.); (C.F.); (E.F.)
| | - Ignacio Grafia
- Unit of Supportive Care in Cancer, Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Clinic and Translational Genomics and Targeted Therapies in Solid Tumors, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (M.V.); (G.C.); (L.L.); (C.B.); (M.C.); (J.M.-H.); (J.P.); (C.Z.-M.); (I.G.); (A.P.); (C.F.); (E.F.)
| | - Anais Pascual
- Unit of Supportive Care in Cancer, Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Clinic and Translational Genomics and Targeted Therapies in Solid Tumors, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (M.V.); (G.C.); (L.L.); (C.B.); (M.C.); (J.M.-H.); (J.P.); (C.Z.-M.); (I.G.); (A.P.); (C.F.); (E.F.)
- Psychosocial Support Team, “La Caixa” Foundation (EAPS), Clinic Hospital of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carme Font
- Unit of Supportive Care in Cancer, Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Clinic and Translational Genomics and Targeted Therapies in Solid Tumors, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (M.V.); (G.C.); (L.L.); (C.B.); (M.C.); (J.M.-H.); (J.P.); (C.Z.-M.); (I.G.); (A.P.); (C.F.); (E.F.)
| | - Elena Font
- Unit of Supportive Care in Cancer, Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Clinic and Translational Genomics and Targeted Therapies in Solid Tumors, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (M.V.); (G.C.); (L.L.); (C.B.); (M.C.); (J.M.-H.); (J.P.); (C.Z.-M.); (I.G.); (A.P.); (C.F.); (E.F.)
- Psychosocial Support Team, “La Caixa” Foundation (EAPS), Clinic Hospital of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
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Galiano A, Feltrin A, Pambuku A, Lo Mauro L, De Toni C, Murgioni S, Soldà C, Maruzzo M, Bergamo F, Brunello A, Zagonel V. What do cancer patients experience of the simultaneous care clinic? Results of a cross-sectional study on patient care satisfaction. Cancer Med 2024; 13:e7000. [PMID: 38400662 PMCID: PMC10891442 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.7000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Veneto Institute of Oncology has activated a simultaneous care outpatient clinic (SCOC) in which cancer patients with advanced-stage cancer are evaluated by oncologist and palliative care specialists. This cross-sectional study investigated patients' perceptions of the quality of this service. MATERIALS AND METHODS An ad-hoc self-administered questionnaire, developed by SCOC team, was used to assess the satisfaction of patients admitted at SCOC consultation. The questionnaire, in addition to the socio-demographic questions, contains eight questions with the Likert scale: time dedicated, feel listened to, feel understood, feel free to speak openly and to express doubts and concerns, feeling about information and indication received, level of empathy of health care and quality of the relationship, level of professional/quality of performance and utility of consultation, and one open-ended question. The questionnaire has been proposed to all 174 consecutively admitted patients at SCOC. RESULTS One hundred and sixty-two patients filled in the questionnaire: 66.7% were male, median age was 71 years, 88.3% had metastatic disease. The time dedicated to SCOC consultation was judged more than adequate (55%) or adequate (35%) by 90% of subjects. Patients completely satisfied about being listened to were 92.5%, with 80.9% being completely satisfied with understanding of their issues and 92% with the freedom to speak and express doubts. Usefulness of the SCOC was rated as excellent by 40% and good by 54.4% of patients. No statistically significant differences were observed in the responses to the questions by gender, age (< or ≥70 years old) and type of tumor. CONCLUSION Our study shows high levels of satisfactions after SCOC consultation in advanced cancer subjects. Patients' feedback confirmed that SCOC model was effective in helping them during their treatment journey and decision at the end of life. This study encouraged us to enhance our practice of SCOC consultation. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE A joint evaluation of patients living with cancer by oncologist and palliative care team (SCOC-embedded model), has shown to enhance patients' experience/satisfaction with care-such as listening, understanding, receiving information, symptom control, and decision about future, independently of age, gender, and kind of tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Galiano
- Department of Oncology, Oncology Unit 1Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV‐IRCCSPaduaItaly
| | | | - Ardi Pambuku
- Pain Therapy and Palliative Care UnitVeneto Institute of Oncology IOV‐IRCCSPaduaItaly
| | - Leda Lo Mauro
- Clinical Nutrition Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV‐IRCCSPaduaItaly
| | - Chiara De Toni
- Department of Oncology, Oncology Unit 1Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV‐IRCCSPaduaItaly
| | - Sabina Murgioni
- Department of Oncology, Oncology Unit 1Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV‐IRCCSPaduaItaly
| | - Caterina Soldà
- Department of Oncology, Oncology Unit 1Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV‐IRCCSPaduaItaly
| | - Marco Maruzzo
- Department of Oncology, Oncology Unit 1Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV‐IRCCSPaduaItaly
| | - Francesca Bergamo
- Department of Oncology, Oncology Unit 1Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV‐IRCCSPaduaItaly
| | - Antonella Brunello
- Department of Oncology, Oncology Unit 1Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV‐IRCCSPaduaItaly
| | - Vittorina Zagonel
- Department of Oncology, Oncology Unit 1Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV‐IRCCSPaduaItaly
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Barrett TA, MacEwan SR, Melnyk H, Di Tosto G, Rush LJ, Shiu-Yee K, Volney J, Singer J, Benza R, McAlearney AS. The Role of Palliative Care in Heart Failure, Part 3: Facilitators and Barriers to Cardiac Palliative Care Clinic Development. J Palliat Med 2023; 26:1685-1690. [PMID: 37878332 DOI: 10.1089/jpm.2022.0597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Patients with heart failure frequently have significant disease burden and complex psychosocial needs. The integration of palliative care into the management of these patients can decrease symptom burden throughout their course of illness. Therefore, in 2009, we established a cardiac palliative care clinic colocated with heart failure providers in a large academic heart hospital. Objective: To better understand the facilitators and barriers to integrating palliative care into our heart failure management service. Design: Qualitative study using a semistructured interview guide. Setting, Subjects: Between October 2020 and January 2021, we invited all 25 primary cardiac providers at our academic medical center in the midwestern United States to participate in semistructured qualitative interviews to discuss their experiences with the cardiac palliative care clinic. Measurements: Interview transcripts were analyzed using a deductive-dominant thematic analysis approach to reveal emerging themes. Results: Providers noted that the integration of palliative care into the treatment of patients with heart failure was helped and hindered primarily by issues related to operations and communications. Operational themes about clinic proximity and the use of telehealth as well as communication themes around provider-provider communication and the understanding of palliative care were particularly salient. Conclusions: The facilitators and barriers identified have broad applicability that are independent of the etiological nature (e.g., cancer, pulmonary, neurological) of any specialty or palliative care clinic. Moreover, the strategies we used to implement improvements in our clinic may be of benefit to other practice models such as independent and embedded clinics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Todd A Barrett
- Division of Palliative Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Richard M. Ross Heart Hospital, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
- Center for the Advancement of Team Science, Analytics, and Systems Thinking in Health Services and Implementation Science Research (CATALYST), College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Sarah R MacEwan
- Center for the Advancement of Team Science, Analytics, and Systems Thinking in Health Services and Implementation Science Research (CATALYST), College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, and College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Halia Melnyk
- Center for the Advancement of Team Science, Analytics, and Systems Thinking in Health Services and Implementation Science Research (CATALYST), College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Gennaro Di Tosto
- Center for the Advancement of Team Science, Analytics, and Systems Thinking in Health Services and Implementation Science Research (CATALYST), College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Laura J Rush
- Center for the Advancement of Team Science, Analytics, and Systems Thinking in Health Services and Implementation Science Research (CATALYST), College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Karen Shiu-Yee
- Center for the Advancement of Team Science, Analytics, and Systems Thinking in Health Services and Implementation Science Research (CATALYST), College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Jaclyn Volney
- Center for the Advancement of Team Science, Analytics, and Systems Thinking in Health Services and Implementation Science Research (CATALYST), College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Jonathan Singer
- Department of Psychology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Raymond Benza
- Division of Cardiology, Heart, and Vascular Institute/Richard M. Ross Heart Hospital, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Ann Scheck McAlearney
- Center for the Advancement of Team Science, Analytics, and Systems Thinking in Health Services and Implementation Science Research (CATALYST), College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
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Han HJ, Pilgrim CR, Buss MK. Integrating palliative care into the evolving landscape of oncology. Curr Probl Cancer 2023; 47:101013. [PMID: 37714795 DOI: 10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2023.101013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
Patients with cancer have many palliative care needs. Robust evidence supports the early integration of palliative care into the care of patients with advanced cancer. International organizations, such as the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) and the European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO), have recommended early, longitudinal integration of palliative care into oncology care throughout the cancer trajectory. In this review, we pose a series of clinical questions related to the current state of early palliative care integration into oncology. We review the evidence to address each of these questions and highlight areas for further investigation. As cancer care continues to evolve, incorporating new treatment modalities and improving patient outcomes, we reflect on how to apply the existing evidence supporting early palliative care-oncology integration into this ever-changing therapeutic landscape and how specialty palliative care might adapt to meet the evolving needs of patients, caregivers, and the multidisciplinary oncology team.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harry J Han
- Section of Palliative Care, Division of General Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston MA.
| | - Carol R Pilgrim
- Division of Palliative Care, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA
| | - Mary K Buss
- Division of Palliative Care, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA
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