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Smajdor J, Paczosa-Bator B, Piech R. Advances on Hormones and Steroids Determination: A Review of Voltammetric Methods since 2000. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:1225. [PMID: 36557132 PMCID: PMC9782681 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12121225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
This article presents advances in the electrochemical determination of hormones and steroids since 2000. A wide spectrum of techniques and working electrodes have been involved in the reported measurements in order to obtain the lowest possible limits of detection. The voltammetric and polarographic techniques, due to their sensitivity and easiness, could be used as alternatives to other, more complicated, analytical assays. Still, growing interest in designing a new construction of the working electrodes enables us to prepare new measurement procedures and obtain lower limits of detection. A brief description of the measured compounds has been presented, along with a comparison of the obtained results.
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The simpler the better: Highly sensitive 17α-ethinylestradiol sensor based on an unmodified carbon paper transducer. Talanta 2022; 245:123457. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2022.123457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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3
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Sanches AM, C. Prete M, Matos R, Tarley CRT, Medeiros RA. Flow Injection Analysis System Coupled to Chronoamperometry and Boron-Doped Diamond Electrode for Determination of Synthetic Hormones 17α-Ethinylestradiol and Cyproterone Acetate. ANAL LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2022.2089677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aline M. Sanches
- Departamento de Química, Centro de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL), Londrina, Brasil
| | - Maiyara C. Prete
- Departamento de Química, Centro de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL), Londrina, Brasil
| | - Roberto Matos
- Departamento de Química, Centro de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL), Londrina, Brasil
| | - César R. Teixeira Tarley
- Departamento de Química, Centro de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL), Londrina, Brasil
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia (INCT) de Bioanalítica, Departamento de Química Analítica, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Instituto de Química, Campinas, Brasil
| | - Roberta A. Medeiros
- Departamento de Química, Centro de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL), Londrina, Brasil
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de Jesus VO, Ferreira VS, Lucca BG. Electrochemical study and simultaneous voltammetric determination of contraceptives ethinylestradiol and cyproterone acetate using silver nanoparticles solid amalgam electrode and cationic surfactant. Talanta 2020; 210:120610. [PMID: 31987179 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2019.120610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Revised: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
In this work we propose the voltammetric analysis of contraceptive hormones ethinylestradiol (EE) and cyproterone acetate (CPA) using solid amalgam electrode fabricated with silver nanoparticles. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report describing the simultaneous determination of these two compounds and also the first report of the use of amalgam electrode for analysis of EE and CPA. The voltammetric behavior of both substances was investigated by their reduction. An irreversible electrochemical process involving two protons and two electrons was found for each compound. The analytical assays were carried out using staircase voltammetry (SCV). Due to this, aiming to improve the analytical sensitivity, the cationic surfactant cetyltrimethylammonium bromide was also used. The instrumental and experimental parameters were studied and optimized to achieve the best conditions for the analysis. Under the optimum conditions, the voltammetric signals of EE and CPA showed dependence on the concentration range from 6.4 × 10-7 to 7.8 × 10-6 mol L-1 and from 1.0 × 10-6 to 1.0 × 10-5 mol L-1, respectively. The limits of detection obtained were 1.03 × 10-7 mol L-1 for EE and 2.99 × 10-7 mol L-1 for CPA. The analytical usefulness of the method was evaluated through its application on the simultaneous determination of EE and CPA in pharmaceutical formulations and urine samples. The two analytes were successfully quantified in these samples with good precision and the values found presented satisfactory concordance with the reference values, suggesting acceptable analytical efficiency for the approach described here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Oliveira de Jesus
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, 79074-460, Brazil
| | - Valdir Souza Ferreira
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, 79074-460, Brazil
| | - Bruno Gabriel Lucca
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, 79074-460, Brazil.
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Development of Electrochemical Sensor Based on Carbonaceal and Metal Phthalocyanines Materials for Determination of Ethinyl Estradiol. CHEMOSENSORS 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/chemosensors7030032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This work describes the development of an electrochemical sensor that was used in the determination of ethinyl estradiol (EE) in pharmaceutical formulations, river water, and milk using the square wave voltammetry technique. Studies were carried out using different carbonaceous materials (multiwalled carbon nanotubes, reduced graphene oxide Reduced graphene oxide, graphite) and different metallic phthalocyanines (cobalt, iron and manganese). Based on these studies it was possible to obtain the best system for the construction of the sensor. The device was obtained by the chemical modification of a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) with multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and cobalt phthalocyanine (CoPc). The materials were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). Under conditions previously optimized for the proposed method, an analytical curve was constructed, presenting linearity in a range of 2.50–90.0 μmol L−1 (R = 0.990), with detection limit of 2.20 μmol L−1 and quantification of 2.50 μmol L−1. The validation of the methodology for the determination of EE using GCE-MWCNTs-CoPc was performed, being accurate, precise, stable and sensitive. The recovery of ethinyl estradiol in the sample of pharmaceutical formulation was 103.93%, in the samples of river water ranged from 92.75% to 96.47%, and in the milk sample was from 88.00% to 96.20%. Thus, the proposed method presented a viable alternative for the determination of ethinyl estradiol in the quality control of pharmaceutical and food formulations as well as in environmental control.
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Sochr J, Nemčeková K, Černicová M, Campbell K, Milata V, Farkašová D, Labuda J. DNA Interaction with 17α‐Ethinylestradiol Studied Using Electrochemical Biosensors and Biosensing in Solution. ELECTROANAL 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201900091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jozef Sochr
- Slovak University of TechnologyFaculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Institute of Analytical Chemistry Radlinského 9 812 37 Bratislava Slovak Republic
| | - Katarína Nemčeková
- Slovak University of TechnologyFaculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Institute of Analytical Chemistry Radlinského 9 812 37 Bratislava Slovak Republic
| | - Monika Černicová
- Slovak University of TechnologyFaculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Institute of Analytical Chemistry Radlinského 9 812 37 Bratislava Slovak Republic
| | - Kirsty Campbell
- University of DundeeSchool of Life Science Dow St Dundee DD1 5EH United Kingdom
| | - Viktor Milata
- Slovak University of TechnologyFaculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Catalysis and Petrochemistry Radlinského 9 812 37 Bratislava Slovak Republic
| | - Dana Farkašová
- Slovak Medical University in Bratislava Limbová 12 833 03 Bratislava Slovak Republic
| | - Ján Labuda
- Slovak University of TechnologyFaculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Institute of Analytical Chemistry Radlinského 9 812 37 Bratislava Slovak Republic
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Scala-Benuzzi ML, Raba J, Soler-Illia GJAA, Schneider RJ, Messina GA. Novel Electrochemical Paper-Based Immunocapture Assay for the Quantitative Determination of Ethinylestradiol in Water Samples. Anal Chem 2018; 90:4104-4111. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b00028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- María L. Scala-Benuzzi
- INQUISAL, Departamento de Química, Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, Chacabuco 917, San Luis, Argentina
| | - Julio Raba
- INQUISAL, Departamento de Química, Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, Chacabuco 917, San Luis, Argentina
| | - Galo J. A. A. Soler-Illia
- Instituto de Nanosistemas, Universidad Nacional de San Martín, Av. 25 de Mayo 1021, San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Rudolf J. Schneider
- BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Richard-Willstaetter-Str. 11, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Germán A. Messina
- INQUISAL, Departamento de Química, Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, Chacabuco 917, San Luis, Argentina
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Nunes CN, Pauluk LE, Felsner ML, Egéa dos Anjos V, Quináia SP. Rapid Screening Method for Detecting Ethinyl Estradiol in Natural Water Employing Voltammetry. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL METHODS IN CHEMISTRY 2016; 2016:3217080. [PMID: 27738548 PMCID: PMC5050357 DOI: 10.1155/2016/3217080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2016] [Revised: 08/24/2016] [Accepted: 08/28/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
17α-Ethinyl estradiol (EE2), which is used worldwide in the treatment of some cancers and as a contraceptive, is often found in aquatic systems and is considered a pharmaceutically active compound (PhACs) in the environment. Current methods for the determination of this compound, such as chromatography, are expensive and lengthy and require large amounts of toxic organic solvents. In this work, a voltammetric procedure is developed and validated as a screening tool for detecting EE2 in water samples without prior extraction, clean-up, or derivatization steps. Application of the method we elaborate here to EE2 analysis is unprecedented. EE2 detection was carried out using differential pulse adsorptive cathodic stripping voltammetry (DP AdCSV) with a hanging mercury drop electrode (HMDE) in pH 7.0 Britton-Robinson buffer. The electrochemical process of EE2 reduction was investigated by cyclic voltammetry at different scan rates. Electroreduction of the hormone on a mercury electrode exhibited a peak at -1.16 ± 0.02 V versus Ag/AgCl. The experimental parameters were as follows: -0.7 V accumulation potential, 150 s accumulation time, and 60 mV s-1 scan rate. The limit of detection was 0.49 μg L-1 for a preconcentration time of 150 s. Relative standard deviations were less than 13%. The method was applied to the detection of EE2 in water samples with recoveries ranging from 93.7 to 102.5%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chalder Nogueira Nunes
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual do Centro-Oeste, 85040-080 Guarapuava, PR, Brazil
| | - Lucas Ely Pauluk
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual do Centro-Oeste, 85040-080 Guarapuava, PR, Brazil
| | - Maria Lurdes Felsner
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual do Centro-Oeste, 85040-080 Guarapuava, PR, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Egéa dos Anjos
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa, 84030-900 Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil
| | - Sueli Pércio Quináia
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual do Centro-Oeste, 85040-080 Guarapuava, PR, Brazil
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New approach to the determination of contaminants of emerging concern in natural water: study of alprazolam employing adsorptive cathodic stripping voltammetry. Anal Bioanal Chem 2015; 407:6171-9. [PMID: 26025553 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-015-8792-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2015] [Revised: 05/07/2015] [Accepted: 05/19/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) are chemicals, including pharmaceutical and personal care products, not commonly monitored in the aquatic environment. Pharmaceuticals are nowadays considered as an important environmental contaminant. Chromatography methods which require expensive equipment and complicated sample pretreatment are used for detection of CECs in natural water. Thus, in this study we proposed a simple, fast, and low-cost voltammetric method as a screening tool for the determination of CECs in natural water prior to chromatography. A case study was conducted with alprazolam (benzodiazepine). The method was optimized and validated in-house. The limit of quantification was 0.4 μg L(-1) for a 120 s preconcentration time. The recoveries ranged from 93 to 120 % for accuracy tests. A further proposal aim was to determine for the first time the occurrence of alprazolam in Brazilian river water and to evaluate its potential use as a marker of contamination by wastewater.
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Vyas A, Kumar Sonker A, Gidwani B. Carrier-based drug delivery system for treatment of acne. ScientificWorldJournal 2014; 2014:276260. [PMID: 24688376 PMCID: PMC3934386 DOI: 10.1155/2014/276260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2013] [Accepted: 12/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Approximately 95% of the population suffers at some point in their lifetime from acne vulgaris. Acne is a multifactorial disease of the pilosebaceous unit. This inflammatory skin disorder is most common in adolescents but also affects neonates, prepubescent children, and adults. Topical conventional systems are associated with various side effects. Novel drug delivery systems have been used to reduce the side effect of drugs commonly used in the topical treatment of acne. Topical treatment of acne with active pharmaceutical ingredients (API) makes direct contact with the target site before entering the systemic circulation which reduces the systemic side effect of the parenteral or oral administration of drug. The objective of the present review is to discuss the conventional delivery systems available for acne, their drawbacks, and limitations. The advantages, disadvantages, and outcome of using various carrier-based delivery systems like liposomes, niosomes, solid lipid nanoparticles, and so forth, are explained. This paper emphasizes approaches to overcome the drawbacks and limitations associated with the conventional system and the advances and application that are poised to further enhance the efficacy of topical acne formulations, offering the possibility of simplified dosing regimen that may improve treatment outcomes using novel delivery system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amber Vyas
- University Institute of Pharmacy, Pandit Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur 492 010, India
| | - Avinesh Kumar Sonker
- University Institute of Pharmacy, Pandit Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur 492 010, India
| | - Bina Gidwani
- University Institute of Pharmacy, Pandit Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur 492 010, India
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Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry determination of pharmacologically active substances in urine and blood samples by use of a continuous solid-phase extraction system and microwave-assisted derivatization. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2012; 891-892:12-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2012.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2011] [Revised: 02/03/2012] [Accepted: 02/09/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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12
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Martínez NA, Pereira SV, Bertolino FA, Schneider RJ, Messina GA, Raba J. Electrochemical detection of a powerful estrogenic endocrine disruptor: Ethinylestradiol in water samples through bioseparation procedure. Anal Chim Acta 2012; 723:27-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2012.02.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2011] [Revised: 02/11/2012] [Accepted: 02/15/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Uslu B, Ozkan SA. Electroanalytical Methods for the Determination of Pharmaceuticals: A Review of Recent Trends and Developments. ANAL LETT 2011. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2011.553010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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14
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Voltammetric techniques for the assay of pharmaceuticals—A review. Anal Biochem 2011; 408:179-96. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2010.09.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 276] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2010] [Revised: 09/17/2010] [Accepted: 09/18/2010] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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15
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Voltammetric determination of ethinylestradiol at a carbon paste electrode in the presence of cetyl pyridine bromine. Bioelectrochemistry 2007; 70:263-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2006.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2006] [Revised: 09/18/2006] [Accepted: 10/03/2006] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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