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Justo-Vega A, Jinadasa KK, Jayasinghe GDTM, Álvarez-Freire I, Bermejo AM, Bermejo-Barrera P, Moreda-Piñeiro A. Ultrasound assisted membrane-assisted solvent extraction for the simultaneous assessment of some drugs involved in drug-facilitated sexual assaults by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2023; 1706:464284. [PMID: 37572537 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2023.464284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023]
Abstract
A simple and highly efficient ultrasound assisted membrane-assisted solvent extraction (MASE) pre-treatment method for urine has been developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of twenty-two drugs involved in drug-facilitated sexual assaults (DFSAs) by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. MASE was performed with 4.0 mL of urine (pH adjusted at 12), 400 μL of hexane as an organic solvent inside the polypropylene membrane, and ultrasonication (45 kHz, 120 W) for 10 min. A pre-concentration factor of 40 was achieved after evaporation (N2 stream) and re-dissolution in 100 µL of methanol. Analytes were separated using a Zorbax Eclipse Plus C18 column under gradient elution with aqueous 10 mM NH4HCO3 (pH 8.0) and methanol as mobile phases. Matrix-matched calibrations allowed the assessment of DFSA drugs of quite different octanol-water partition coefficients (Ko/w), from 1.32 101 for pregabalin to 2.45 105 for clomipramine (Log P values from 1.12 (pregabalin) to 5.39 (clomipramine)). The limit of detection (LOD) was between 0.0075 to 0.37 µg L-1, with analytical recoveries ranging from 73 to 103%, and relative standard deviations (RSDs) within the 2-20% range. The applicability of the method was demonstrated after analysing urine samples under forensic investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Justo-Vega
- Trace Element, Spectroscopy and Speciation Group (GETEE), Institute of Materials iMATUS, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition and Bromatology, Faculty of Chemistry, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Avenida das Ciencias, s/n., Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain
| | - Kamal K Jinadasa
- Trace Element, Spectroscopy and Speciation Group (GETEE), Institute of Materials iMATUS, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition and Bromatology, Faculty of Chemistry, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Avenida das Ciencias, s/n., Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain
| | - G D Thilini Madurangika Jayasinghe
- Trace Element, Spectroscopy and Speciation Group (GETEE), Institute of Materials iMATUS, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition and Bromatology, Faculty of Chemistry, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Avenida das Ciencias, s/n., Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain
| | - Iván Álvarez-Freire
- Forensic Sciences Institute "Luís Concheiro" (INCIFOR), Department of Pathologic Anatomy and Forensic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Rúa de San Francisco, s/n, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain
| | - Ana María Bermejo
- Forensic Sciences Institute "Luís Concheiro" (INCIFOR), Department of Pathologic Anatomy and Forensic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Rúa de San Francisco, s/n, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain
| | - Pilar Bermejo-Barrera
- Trace Element, Spectroscopy and Speciation Group (GETEE), Institute of Materials iMATUS, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition and Bromatology, Faculty of Chemistry, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Avenida das Ciencias, s/n., Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain
| | - Antonio Moreda-Piñeiro
- Trace Element, Spectroscopy and Speciation Group (GETEE), Institute of Materials iMATUS, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition and Bromatology, Faculty of Chemistry, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Avenida das Ciencias, s/n., Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain.
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Azizi A, Shahhoseini F, Bottaro CS. Biological matrix compatible porous thin film for quick extraction of drugs of abuse from urine prior to liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis. Talanta 2022; 241:123264. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2022.123264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Xu J, Liu X, Wang Q, Huang S, Yin L, Xu J, Liu X, Jiang R, Zhu F, Ouyang G. Improving the Sensitivity of Solid-Phase Microextraction by Reducing the Volume of Off-Line Elution Solvent. Anal Chem 2018; 90:1572-1577. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b04777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ruifen Jiang
- School
of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, China
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5
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Quantification of 7-aminoflunitrazepam in human urine by polymeric monolith-based capillary liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry. Talanta 2018; 176:293-298. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2017.08.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Revised: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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6
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Medvedovici A, Bacalum E, David V. Sample preparation for large-scale bioanalytical studies based on liquid chromatographic techniques. Biomed Chromatogr 2017; 32. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.4137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Revised: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrei Medvedovici
- Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Analytical Chemistry; University of Bucharest; Bucharest Romania
| | - Elena Bacalum
- Research Institute; University of Bucharest; Bucharest Romania
| | - Victor David
- Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Analytical Chemistry; University of Bucharest; Bucharest Romania
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7
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Development of immunoaffinity solid phase microextraction rods for analysis of three estrogens in environmental water samples. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2017; 1061-1062:41-48. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2017.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2017] [Revised: 06/30/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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8
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Płotka-Wasylka J, Szczepańska N, Owczarek K, Namieśnik J. Miniaturized Solid Phase Extraction. COMPREHENSIVE ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.coac.2017.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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9
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Rajabi M, Bazregar M, Yamini Y, Asghari A, Ebrahimpour B. Electrophoretic micro-preconcentration of ionizable compounds as a green approach in sample preparation. Microchem J 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2015.10.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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10
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Ocaña-González JA, Fernández-Torres R, Bello-López MÁ, Ramos-Payán M. New developments in microextraction techniques in bioanalysis. A review. Anal Chim Acta 2016; 905:8-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2015.10.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2015] [Revised: 10/08/2015] [Accepted: 10/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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11
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Determination of 11 quinolones in bovine milk using immunoaffinity stir bar sorptive microextraction and liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2015; 1003:67-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2015.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2015] [Revised: 09/07/2015] [Accepted: 09/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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12
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Bazregar M, Rajabi M, Yamini Y, Asghari A, Abdossalami asl Y. In-tube electro-membrane extraction with a sub-microliter organic solvent consumption as an efficient technique for synthetic food dyes determination in foodstuff samples. J Chromatogr A 2015; 1410:35-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2015.07.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2015] [Revised: 06/17/2015] [Accepted: 07/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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13
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Ribeiro C, Ribeiro AR, Maia AS, Gonçalves VMF, Tiritan ME. New trends in sample preparation techniques for environmental analysis. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2015; 44:142-85. [PMID: 25391434 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2013.833850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Environmental samples include a wide variety of complex matrices, with low concentrations of analytes and presence of several interferences. Sample preparation is a critical step and the main source of uncertainties in the analysis of environmental samples, and it is usually laborious, high cost, time consuming, and polluting. In this context, there is increasing interest in developing faster, cost-effective, and environmentally friendly sample preparation techniques. Recently, new methods have been developed and optimized in order to miniaturize extraction steps, to reduce solvent consumption or become solventless, and to automate systems. This review attempts to present an overview of the fundamentals, procedure, and application of the most recently developed sample preparation techniques for the extraction, cleanup, and concentration of organic pollutants from environmental samples. These techniques include: solid phase microextraction, on-line solid phase extraction, microextraction by packed sorbent, dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction, and QuEChERS (Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged and Safe).
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Affiliation(s)
- Cláudia Ribeiro
- a CESPU, Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde , Gandra , Portugal
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de Bairros AV, de Almeida RM, Pantaleão L, Barcellos T, Silva SME, Yonamine M. Determination of low levels of benzodiazepines and their metabolites in urine by hollow-fiber liquid-phase microextraction (LPME) and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2015; 975:24-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2014.10.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2014] [Revised: 10/24/2014] [Accepted: 10/29/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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15
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Liu Y, Lord H, Maciążek-Jurczyk M, Jolly S, Hussain MA, Pawliszyn J. Development of an immunoaffinity solid phase microextraction method for the identification of penicillin binding protein 2a. J Chromatogr A 2014; 1364:64-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.08.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2014] [Revised: 07/22/2014] [Accepted: 08/11/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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16
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Zaitsev VN, Zui MF. Preconcentration by solid-phase microextraction. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2014. [DOI: 10.1134/s1061934814080139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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17
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Pereira J, Silva CL, Perestrelo R, Gonçalves J, Alves V, Câmara JS. Re-exploring the high-throughput potential of microextraction techniques, SPME and MEPS, as powerful strategies for medical diagnostic purposes. Innovative approaches, recent applications and future trends. Anal Bioanal Chem 2014; 406:2101-22. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-013-7527-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2013] [Revised: 11/16/2013] [Accepted: 11/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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18
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Mehdinia A, Aziz-Zanjani MO. Advances for sensitive, rapid and selective extraction in different configurations of solid-phase microextraction. Trends Analyt Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2013.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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19
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Chaves AR, Queiroz MEC. Immunoaffinity in-tube solid phase microextraction coupled with liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection for determination of interferon α in plasma samples. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2013; 928:37-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2013.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2012] [Revised: 03/16/2013] [Accepted: 03/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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20
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Spietelun A, Marcinkowski Ł, Kloskowski A, Namieśnik J. Determination of volatile organic compounds in water samples using membrane-solid phase microextraction (M-SPME) (headspace version). Analyst 2013; 138:5099-106. [DOI: 10.1039/c3an36851c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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21
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Spietelun A, Kloskowski A, Chrzanowski W, Namieśnik J. Understanding solid-phase microextraction: key factors influencing the extraction process and trends in improving the technique. Chem Rev 2012; 113:1667-85. [PMID: 23273266 DOI: 10.1021/cr300148j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Agata Spietelun
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, 11/12 Narutowicza Street, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
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Abstract
The last two decades have provided analysts with more sensitive technology, enabling scientists from all analytical fields to see what they were not able to see just a few years ago. This increased sensitivity has allowed drug detection at very low concentrations and testing in unconventional samples (e.g., hair, oral fluid and sweat), where despite having low analyte concentrations has also led to a reduction in sample size. Along with this reduction, and as a result of the use of excessive amounts of potentially toxic organic solvents (with the subsequent environmental pollution and costs associated with their proper disposal), there has been a growing tendency to use miniaturized sampling techniques. Those sampling procedures allow reducing organic solvent consumption to a minimum and at the same time provide a rapid, simple and cost-effective approach. In addition, it is possible to get at least some degree of automation when using these techniques, which will enhance sample throughput. Those miniaturized sample preparation techniques may be roughly categorized in solid-phase and liquid-phase microextraction, depending on the nature of the analyte. This paper reviews recently published literature on the use of microextraction sampling procedures, with a special focus on the field of forensic toxicology.
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Kiss B, Bogdan C, Pop A, Loghin F. A rapid UPLC-MS/MS method for simultaneous determination of flunitrazepam, 7-aminoflunitrazepam, methadone and EDDP in human, rat and rabbit plasma. Talanta 2012; 99:649-59. [PMID: 22967607 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2012.06.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2012] [Revised: 06/18/2012] [Accepted: 06/25/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A simple, high-throughput, sensitive LC-ESI-MS/MS method is presented for the simultaneous determination of methadone (MET), flunitrazepam (FNZ) and their major metabolites, EDDP (2-ethilidene-1,5-dimethyl-3,3-diphenylpyrrolidone) and 7-aminoflunitrazepam (7-AFNZ), respectively, in human, rat and rabbit plasma. The isolation of the selected compounds involved a liquid-liquid extraction with ethyl acetate at a basic pH. Good chromatographic separation was achieved on a HSS T3 column (1.8 μm particle size), with a 3 min gradient elution using a mixture of acetonitrile with 0.1% formic acid (solvent A) and 5mM ammonium acetate (solvent B) as the mobile phase. The tandem mass spectrometric detection was performed in multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode with ionization of the analytes in positive mode. The assay was fully validated according to current acceptance criteria for bioanalytical methods validation. It was proved to be linear in the range of 0.5-250 ng/mL, with adequate accuracy and precision over this range. Based on accuracy and CV% values the LOQ and ULOQ values were set at 0.509 ng/mL and 2036 ng/mL for MET, 0.520 ng/mL and 2080 ng/mL for EDDP, 0.524 ng/mL and 2096 ng/mL for FNZ and 0.528 ng/mL and 2114 ng/mL for 7-AFNZ, respectively. The method was tested for potential matrix effects, without observing significant ion suppression. The investigated compounds stability was examined in plasma at room temperature and after three freeze-thaw cycles and in the final extract when maintained at 4 °C in the autosampler. Potential stability issues were observed only for FNZ at room temperature. The method was successfully applied to quantify the selected compounds in human, rat and rabbit plasma samples, after exposure to FNZ or simultaneous exposure to FNZ and MET.
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Affiliation(s)
- Béla Kiss
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iuliu Hatieganu, no. 6 Pasteur, RO-400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
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Abstract
This paper provides a review of novel strategies for sample preparation in forensic toxicology. The review initially outlines the principle of each technique, followed by sections addressing each class of abused drugs separately. The novel strategies currently reviewed focus on the preparation of various biological samples for the subsequent determination of opiates, benzodiazepines, amphetamines, cocaine, hallucinogens, tricyclic antidepressants, antipsychotics and cannabinoids. According to our experience, these analytes are the most frequently responsible for intoxications in Greece. The applications of techniques such as disposable pipette extraction, microextraction by packed sorbent, matrix solid-phase dispersion, solid-phase microextraction, polymer monolith microextraction, stir bar sorptive extraction and others, which are rapidly gaining acceptance in the field of toxicology, are currently reviewed.
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25
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Kataoka H, Saito K. Recent advances in SPME techniques in biomedical analysis. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2011; 54:926-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2010.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2010] [Revised: 12/06/2010] [Accepted: 12/09/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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26
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KATAOKA H. Current Developments and Future Trends in Solid-phase Microextraction Techniques for Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analyses. ANAL SCI 2011; 27:893-905. [DOI: 10.2116/analsci.27.893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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27
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Brown SD, Melton TC. Trends in bioanalytical methods for the determination and quantification of club drugs: 2000-2010. Biomed Chromatogr 2010; 25:300-21. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.1549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2010] [Revised: 09/09/2010] [Accepted: 09/10/2010] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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28
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Automated solid-phase microextraction and thin-film microextraction for high-throughput analysis of biological fluids and ligand–receptor binding studies. Nat Protoc 2010; 5:140-61. [DOI: 10.1038/nprot.2009.180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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29
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Tsikas D. Quantitative analysis of biomarkers, drugs and toxins in biological samples by immunoaffinity chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry or tandem mass spectrometry: A focused review of recent applications. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2009; 878:133-48. [PMID: 19969510 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2009.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2009] [Revised: 10/30/2009] [Accepted: 11/05/2009] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Immunoaffinity chromatography (IAC), mass spectrometry and especially tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) represent the most efficient and reliable analytical techniques for specific isolation, unequivocal identification and accurate quantification of numerous natural and synthetic substances in biological samples. This review article focuses on the combined use of these outstanding methodologies in basic and clinical research and in life sciences for the quantitative analysis of low- and high-molecular mass biomarkers, drugs and toxins in urine, plasma or serum samples, in tissue and other biologicals systems published in the last decade. The analytes discussed in some detail include the biomarkers of oxidative stress 15(S)-8-iso-prostaglandin F(2alpha) {15(S)-8-iso-PGF(2alpha)} and 3-nitrotyrosine, the major urinary metabolite of the lipid mediators cysteinyl leukotrienes, i.e., the leukotriene E(4) (LTE(4)), melatonin, and the major collagen type II neoepitope peptide in human urine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios Tsikas
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Hannover Medical School, Germany.
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30
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Recent developments and applications of microextraction techniques in drug analysis. Anal Bioanal Chem 2009; 396:339-64. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-009-3076-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2009] [Revised: 08/12/2009] [Accepted: 08/17/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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31
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Vuckovic D, Shirey R, Chen Y, Sidisky L, Aurand C, Stenerson K, Pawliszyn J. In vitro evaluation of new biocompatible coatings for solid-phase microextraction: Implications for drug analysis and in vivo sampling applications. Anal Chim Acta 2009; 638:175-85. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2009.02.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2008] [Revised: 02/27/2009] [Accepted: 02/27/2009] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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32
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Recent developments in solid-phase microextraction. Anal Bioanal Chem 2008; 393:781-95. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-008-2375-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 251] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2008] [Revised: 08/25/2008] [Accepted: 08/26/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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33
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Vuckovic D, Cudjoe E, Hein D, Pawliszyn J. Automation of Solid-Phase Microextraction in High-Throughput Format and Applications to Drug Analysis. Anal Chem 2008; 80:6870-80. [DOI: 10.1021/ac800936r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dajana Vuckovic
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada, and PAS Technology, Magdala, Germany
| | - Erasmus Cudjoe
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada, and PAS Technology, Magdala, Germany
| | - Dietmar Hein
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada, and PAS Technology, Magdala, Germany
| | - Janusz Pawliszyn
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada, and PAS Technology, Magdala, Germany
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Queiroz MEC, Oliveira EB, Breton F, Pawliszyn J. Immunoaffinity in-tube solid phase microextraction coupled with liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry for analysis of fluoxetine in serum samples. J Chromatogr A 2007; 1174:72-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2007.09.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2007] [Revised: 09/10/2007] [Accepted: 09/12/2007] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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35
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Yang G, Feng S, Liu H, Yin J, Zhang L, Cai L. On-line clean-up and screening of oxacillin and cloxacillin in human urine and plasma with a weak ion exchange monolithic column. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2007; 854:85-90. [PMID: 17462966 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2007.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2006] [Revised: 03/25/2007] [Accepted: 04/01/2007] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
A weak ion exchange monolithic column prepared by modifying the GMA-MAA-EDMA (glycidyl methacrylate-methacrylic acid-ethylene glycol dimethacrylate) monoliths with ethylenediamine was applied to remove matrix compounds in biological fluid. Using this monolithic column, on-line clean-up and screening of oxacillin and cloxacillin in human urine and plasma samples had been investigated. Chromatography was performed by reversed-phase HPLC on a C(18) column with ultraviolet detection at 225 nm. Results showed that the ion exchange monolithic column could be used for deproteinization and retaining oxacillin and cloxacillin in human urine and plasma, which provided a simple and fast method for assaying drugs in human urine and plasma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gengliang Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China.
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Lord HL, Rajabi M, Safari S, Pawliszyn J. A study of the performance characteristics of immunoaffinity solid phase microextraction probes for extraction of a range of benzodiazepines. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2007; 44:506-19. [PMID: 17314025 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2007.01.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2006] [Revised: 01/22/2007] [Accepted: 01/24/2007] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Immunoaffinity solid phase microextraction (SPME) probes have been developed with antibodies specific for the benzodiazepine class of drugs, covalently immobilized to glass rods. This involved both purification of the polyclonal antibodies to isolate the drug-specific fraction, and optimization of the immobilization procedure. Such probes have been used previously for the extraction of 7-aminoflunitrazepam. This article presents a comprehensive study of their performance and characteristics beyond that described previously, and an evaluation of their application to additional benzodiazepines. The influence of non-specific drug binding (nsb) was determined, with the result that nsb was found to be insignificant for the probes when used in their dynamic range. Immobilized antibodies had specific affinities in the range of 10(9)-10(10)M(-1). Cross-reactivity was evaluated both for a range of benzodiazepines as well as a structurally unrelated molecule (erythromycin). For analysis of benzodiazepines individually or in the presence of erythromycin, limits of detection were 0.001-0.015 ng/mL depending on the antibody, and the dynamic range (based on 80-90% antigenic site occupancy) extended to 0.2-2 ng/mL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather L Lord
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8N 3Z5, Canada.
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Lord HL. Strategies for interfacing solid-phase microextraction with liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2007; 1152:2-13. [PMID: 17178415 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2006.11.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2006] [Revised: 11/14/2006] [Accepted: 11/14/2006] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Solid-phase microextraction (SPME) techniques are equally applicable to both volatile and non-volatile analytes, but the progress in applications to gas-phase separations has outpaced that of liquid-phase separations. The interfacing of SPME to gas chromatographic equipment has been straight-forward, requiring little modification of existing equipment. The requirement of solvent desorption for non-volatile or thermally labile analytes has, however, proven challenging for interfacing SPME with liquid-phase separations. Numerous options to achieve this have been described in the literature over the past decade, with applications in several different areas of analysis. To date, no single strategy or interface device design has proven optimal. During method development analysts must select the most appropriate interfacing technique among the options available. Out of these options three general strategies have emerged: (1) use of a manual injection interface tee; (2) in-tube SPME; and (3) off-line desorption followed by conventional liquid injection. In addition, there has been interest in coupling SPME directly to electrospray ionisation and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionisation (MALDI) for mass spectrometry. Several examples of each of these strategies are reviewed here, and an overview of their use and application is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather L Lord
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, W. Hamilton, Ont., Canada L8N 3Z5.
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Pragst F. Application of solid-phase microextraction in analytical toxicology. Anal Bioanal Chem 2007; 388:1393-414. [PMID: 17476482 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-007-1289-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2007] [Revised: 03/28/2007] [Accepted: 03/29/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Solid-phase microextraction (SPME) is a miniaturized and solvent-free sample preparation technique for chromatographic-spectrometric analysis by which the analytes are extracted from a gaseous or liquid sample by absorption in, or adsorption on, a thin polymer coating fixed to the solid surface of a fiber, inside an injection needle or inside a capillary. In this paper, the present state of practical performance and of applications of SPME to the analysis of blood, urine, oral fluid and hair in clinical and forensic toxicology is reviewed. The commercial coatings for fibers or needles have not essentially changed for many years, but there are interesting laboratory developments, such as conductive polypyrrole coatings for electrochemically controlled SPME of anions or cations and coatings with restricted-access properties for direct extraction from whole blood or immunoaffinity SPME. In-tube SPME uses segments of commercial gas chromatography (GC) capillaries for highly efficient extraction by repeated aspiration-ejection cycles of the liquid sample. It can be easily automated in combination with liquid chromatography but, as it is very sensitive to capillary plugging, it requires completely homogeneous liquid samples. In contrast, fiber-based SPME has not yet been performed automatically in combination with high-performance liquid chromatography. The headspace extractions on fibers or needles (solid-phase dynamic extraction) combined with GC methods are the most advantageous versions of SPME because of very pure extracts and the availability of automatic samplers. Surprisingly, substances with quite high boiling points, such as tricyclic antidepressants or phenothiazines, can be measured by headspace SPME from aqueous samples. The applicability and sensitivity of SPME was essentially extended by in-sample or on-fiber derivatization. The different modes of SPME were applied to analysis of solvents and inhalation narcotics, amphetamines, cocaine and metabolites, cannabinoids, methadone and other opioids, fatty acid ethyl esters as alcohol markers, gamma-hydroxybutyric acid, benzodiazepines, various other therapeutic drugs, pesticides, chemical warfare agents, cyanide, sulfide and metal ions. In general, SPME is routinely used in optimized methods for specific analytes. However, it was shown that it also has some capacity for a general screening by direct immersion into urine samples and for pesticides and other semivolatile substance in the headspace mode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fritz Pragst
- Institute of Legal Medicine, University Hospital Charité, Hittorfstr. 18, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
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