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Whole-Column Imaging Detection for Capillary Isoelectric Focusing: Its Applications in Pharmaceutical Industry and Recent Development of the Technology. Trends Analyt Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2022.116567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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2
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Wang D, Nowak C, Mason B, Katiyar A, Liu H. Analytical artifacts in characterization of recombinant monoclonal antibody therapeutics. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2020; 183:113131. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2020.113131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Revised: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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3
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Zhang X, Chemmalil L, Ding J, Li Z. A novel approach enables imaged capillary isoelectric focusing analysis of PEGylated proteins. Electrophoresis 2020; 41:735-742. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201900406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Revised: 12/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhang
- Department of Biologics Process DevelopmentBristol‐Myers Squibb Devens MA
| | - Letha Chemmalil
- Department of Biologics Process DevelopmentBristol‐Myers Squibb Devens MA
| | - Julia Ding
- Department of Biologics Process DevelopmentBristol‐Myers Squibb Devens MA
| | - Zhengjian Li
- Department of Biologics Process DevelopmentBristol‐Myers Squibb Devens MA
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4
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Xu Y, Wang D, Mason B, Rossomando T, Li N, Liu D, Cheung JK, Xu W, Raghava S, Katiyar A, Nowak C, Xiang T, Dong DD, Sun J, Beck A, Liu H. Structure, heterogeneity and developability assessment of therapeutic antibodies. MAbs 2018; 11:239-264. [PMID: 30543482 DOI: 10.1080/19420862.2018.1553476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Increasing attention has been paid to developability assessment with the understanding that thorough evaluation of monoclonal antibody lead candidates at an early stage can avoid delays during late-stage development. The concept of developability is based on the knowledge gained from the successful development of approximately 80 marketed antibody and Fc-fusion protein drug products and from the lessons learned from many failed development programs over the last three decades. Here, we reviewed antibody quality attributes that are critical to development and traditional and state-of-the-art analytical methods to monitor those attributes. Based on our collective experiences, a practical workflow is proposed as a best practice for developability assessment including in silico evaluation, extended characterization and forced degradation using appropriate analytical methods that allow characterization with limited material consumption and fast turnaround time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingda Xu
- a Protein Analytics , Adimab , Lebanon , NH , USA
| | - Dongdong Wang
- b Analytical Department , Bioanalytix, Inc ., Cambridge , MA , USA
| | - Bruce Mason
- c Product Characterization , Alexion Pharmaceuticals, Inc ., New Haven , CT , USA
| | - Tony Rossomando
- c Product Characterization , Alexion Pharmaceuticals, Inc ., New Haven , CT , USA
| | - Ning Li
- d Analytical Chemistry , Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc ., Tarrytown , NY , USA
| | - Dingjiang Liu
- e Formulation Development , Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc ., Tarrytown , NY , USA
| | - Jason K Cheung
- f Pharmaceutical Sciences , MRL, Merck & Co., Inc ., Kenilworth , NJ , USA
| | - Wei Xu
- g Analytical Method Development , MRL, Merck & Co., Inc ., Kenilworth , NJ , USA
| | - Smita Raghava
- h Sterile Formulation Sciences , MRL, Merck & Co., Inc ., Kenilworth , NJ , USA
| | - Amit Katiyar
- i Analytical Development , Bristol-Myers Squibb , Pennington , NJ , USA
| | - Christine Nowak
- c Product Characterization , Alexion Pharmaceuticals, Inc ., New Haven , CT , USA
| | - Tao Xiang
- j Manufacturing Sciences , Abbvie Bioresearch Center , Worcester , MA , USA
| | - Diane D Dong
- j Manufacturing Sciences , Abbvie Bioresearch Center , Worcester , MA , USA
| | - Joanne Sun
- k Product development , Innovent Biologics , Suzhou Industrial Park , China
| | - Alain Beck
- l Analytical chemistry , NBEs, Center d'immunologie Pierre Fabre , St Julien-en-Genevois Cedex , France
| | - Hongcheng Liu
- c Product Characterization , Alexion Pharmaceuticals, Inc ., New Haven , CT , USA
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5
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Ying W, Levons JK, Carney A, Gandhi R, Vydra V, Rubin AE. Semiautomated Sample Preparation for Protein Stability and Formulation Screening via Buffer Exchange. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 21:378-86. [DOI: 10.1177/2211068215585484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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6
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Zhang Z, Perrault R, Zhao Y, Ding J. SpeB proteolysis with imaged capillary isoelectric focusing for the characterization of domain-specific charge heterogeneities of reference and biosimilar Rituximab. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2016; 1020:148-57. [PMID: 27038651 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2016.03.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Revised: 01/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The charge variations of therapeutic monoclonal antibody reveal important information of the post-translational modifications that may potentially impact the potency and safety of pharmaceutical products, especially during the evaluation of biosimilarity of therapeutic proteins. In this work, a novel SpeB-based proteolysis strategy coupling with imaged capillary isoelectric focusing was developed for the determination of domain-specific charge heterogeneities of innovator and generic Rituximab drug products from United States, European and Indian markets. It was observed that innovator Rituximab from the United States and Europe share highly similar peak distributions and charge heterogeneities with 26.2-26.6% Fc/2, 28.9-29.3% LC and 44.4-44.5% Fd peak areas detected, respectively, while multiple basic variations of Fc/2 and less acidic LC and Fd species were found from generic Rituximab from India with 20.9% Fc/2, 32.3% LC and 46.9% Fd peak areas detected. It was also demonstrated that structural changes caused by Carboxypeptidase B treatment and deamidation study at pH extremes could be sensitively captured with the established method, with the results further indicating that the generic product's basic variations of Fc/2 were un-cleaved Lysine residues, while the lack of certain acidic peaks on LC and Fd probably was due to the lower level of deamidation. This new strategy could become a useful tool to reveal domain-specific charge heterogeneities profiles of a variety of therapeutic monoclonal antibodies in regulated environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zichuan Zhang
- PPD Laboratories, Biopharmaceutical Services, 8551 Research Way Suite 90, Middleton, WI 53562, USA.
| | - Ronel Perrault
- PPD Laboratories, Biopharmaceutical Services, 8551 Research Way Suite 90, Middleton, WI 53562, USA
| | - Yun Zhao
- PPD Laboratories, Biopharmaceutical Services, 8551 Research Way Suite 90, Middleton, WI 53562, USA
| | - Julia Ding
- PPD Laboratories, Biopharmaceutical Services, 8551 Research Way Suite 90, Middleton, WI 53562, USA.
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7
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Luo Q, Chung HH, Borths C, Janson M, Wen J, Joubert MK, Wypych J. Structural Characterization of a Monoclonal Antibody–Maytansinoid Immunoconjugate. Anal Chem 2015; 88:695-702. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.5b03709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Quanzhou Luo
- Department of Process Development, Amgen Inc., Thousand
Oaks, California 91320, United States
| | - Hyo Helen Chung
- Department of Process Development, Amgen Inc., Thousand
Oaks, California 91320, United States
| | - Christopher Borths
- Department of Process Development, Amgen Inc., Thousand
Oaks, California 91320, United States
| | - Matthew Janson
- Department of Process Development, Amgen Inc., Thousand
Oaks, California 91320, United States
| | - Jie Wen
- Department of Process Development, Amgen Inc., Thousand
Oaks, California 91320, United States
| | - Marisa K. Joubert
- Department of Process Development, Amgen Inc., Thousand
Oaks, California 91320, United States
| | - Jette Wypych
- Department of Process Development, Amgen Inc., Thousand
Oaks, California 91320, United States
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8
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Tamizi E, Jouyban A. The potential of the capillary electrophoresis techniques for quality control of biopharmaceuticals-A review. Electrophoresis 2015; 36:831-58. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201400343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2014] [Revised: 11/27/2014] [Accepted: 11/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elnaz Tamizi
- Biotechnology Research Center; Tabriz University of Medical Sciences; Tabriz Iran
| | - Abolghasem Jouyban
- Pharmacy Faculty and Drug Applied Research Center; Tabriz University of Medical Sciences; Tabriz Iran
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9
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Michels DA, Ip AY, Dillon TM, Brorson K, Lute S, Chavez B, Prentice KM, Brady LJ, Miller KJ. Separation Methods and Orthogonal Techniques. ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/bk-2015-1201.ch005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David A. Michels
- Department of Protein Analytical Chemistry, Genentech, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
- Department of Process and Product Development, Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, California 91361, United States
- Division of Monoclonal Antibodies, Office of Biotechnology Products, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland 20903, United States
- Department of Process and Product Development, Amgen Inc., Seattle, Washington 98119, United States
- Global Analytical Sciences, Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, California 91320, United States
| | - Anna Y. Ip
- Department of Protein Analytical Chemistry, Genentech, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
- Department of Process and Product Development, Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, California 91361, United States
- Division of Monoclonal Antibodies, Office of Biotechnology Products, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland 20903, United States
- Department of Process and Product Development, Amgen Inc., Seattle, Washington 98119, United States
- Global Analytical Sciences, Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, California 91320, United States
| | - Thomas M. Dillon
- Department of Protein Analytical Chemistry, Genentech, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
- Department of Process and Product Development, Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, California 91361, United States
- Division of Monoclonal Antibodies, Office of Biotechnology Products, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland 20903, United States
- Department of Process and Product Development, Amgen Inc., Seattle, Washington 98119, United States
- Global Analytical Sciences, Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, California 91320, United States
| | - Kurt Brorson
- Department of Protein Analytical Chemistry, Genentech, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
- Department of Process and Product Development, Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, California 91361, United States
- Division of Monoclonal Antibodies, Office of Biotechnology Products, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland 20903, United States
- Department of Process and Product Development, Amgen Inc., Seattle, Washington 98119, United States
- Global Analytical Sciences, Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, California 91320, United States
| | - Scott Lute
- Department of Protein Analytical Chemistry, Genentech, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
- Department of Process and Product Development, Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, California 91361, United States
- Division of Monoclonal Antibodies, Office of Biotechnology Products, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland 20903, United States
- Department of Process and Product Development, Amgen Inc., Seattle, Washington 98119, United States
- Global Analytical Sciences, Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, California 91320, United States
| | - Brittany Chavez
- Department of Protein Analytical Chemistry, Genentech, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
- Department of Process and Product Development, Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, California 91361, United States
- Division of Monoclonal Antibodies, Office of Biotechnology Products, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland 20903, United States
- Department of Process and Product Development, Amgen Inc., Seattle, Washington 98119, United States
- Global Analytical Sciences, Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, California 91320, United States
| | - Ken M. Prentice
- Department of Protein Analytical Chemistry, Genentech, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
- Department of Process and Product Development, Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, California 91361, United States
- Division of Monoclonal Antibodies, Office of Biotechnology Products, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland 20903, United States
- Department of Process and Product Development, Amgen Inc., Seattle, Washington 98119, United States
- Global Analytical Sciences, Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, California 91320, United States
| | - Lowell J. Brady
- Department of Protein Analytical Chemistry, Genentech, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
- Department of Process and Product Development, Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, California 91361, United States
- Division of Monoclonal Antibodies, Office of Biotechnology Products, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland 20903, United States
- Department of Process and Product Development, Amgen Inc., Seattle, Washington 98119, United States
- Global Analytical Sciences, Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, California 91320, United States
| | - Karen J. Miller
- Department of Protein Analytical Chemistry, Genentech, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
- Department of Process and Product Development, Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, California 91361, United States
- Division of Monoclonal Antibodies, Office of Biotechnology Products, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland 20903, United States
- Department of Process and Product Development, Amgen Inc., Seattle, Washington 98119, United States
- Global Analytical Sciences, Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, California 91320, United States
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Bergström T, Fredriksson SÅ, Nilsson C, Åstot C. Deamidation in ricin studied by capillary zone electrophoresis- and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2014; 974:109-17. [PMID: 25463205 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2014.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2014] [Revised: 09/24/2014] [Accepted: 10/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Deamidation in ricin, a toxin present in castor beans from the plant Ricinus communis, was investigated using capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) and liquid chromatography coupled to high resolution mass spectrometry. Potential sites for deamidation, converting asparagine (Asn) into aspartic or isoaspartic acid (Asp or isoAsp), were identified in silico based on the protein sequence motifs and tertiary structure. In parallel, CZE- and LC-MS-based screening were performed on the digested toxin to detect deamidated peptides. The use of CZE-MS was critical for the separation of small native/deamidated peptide pairs. Selected peptides were subjected to a detailed analysis by tandem mass spectrometry to verify the presence of deamidation and determine its exact position. In the ricin preparation studied, deamidation was confirmed and located to three asparagine residues: Asn54 in the A-chain, and Asn42 and Asn60 in the B-chain. Possible in vitro deamidation occurring during sample preparation was monitored using a synthetic peptide with a known and rapid rate of deamidation. Finally, we showed that the isoelectric diversity previously reported in ricin is related to the level of deamidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomas Bergström
- Swedish Defence Research Agency, CBRN Defence and Security, Cementvägen 20, SE-901 82 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Sten-Åke Fredriksson
- Swedish Defence Research Agency, CBRN Defence and Security, Cementvägen 20, SE-901 82 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Calle Nilsson
- Swedish Defence Research Agency, CBRN Defence and Security, Cementvägen 20, SE-901 82 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Crister Åstot
- Swedish Defence Research Agency, CBRN Defence and Security, Cementvägen 20, SE-901 82 Umeå, Sweden.
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11
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Cao J, Sun W, Gong F, Liu W. Charge profiling and stability testing of biosimilar by capillary isoelectric focusing. Electrophoresis 2014; 35:1461-8. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201300471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2013] [Revised: 02/19/2014] [Accepted: 02/24/2014] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Junzi Cao
- School of Pharmacy; Yantai University; Yantai P. R. China
| | - Wen Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Long-acting and Targeting Drug Delivery System; Luye Pharma Group Ltd; Yantai P. R. China
| | - Feifei Gong
- School of Pharmacy; Yantai University; Yantai P. R. China
| | - Wanhui Liu
- School of Pharmacy; Yantai University; Yantai P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Long-acting and Targeting Drug Delivery System; Luye Pharma Group Ltd; Yantai P. R. China
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12
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Zhao SS, Chen DDY. Applications of capillary electrophoresis in characterizing recombinant protein therapeutics. Electrophoresis 2013; 35:96-108. [PMID: 24123141 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201300372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2013] [Revised: 09/16/2013] [Accepted: 09/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The use of recombinant protein for therapeutic applications has increased significantly in the last three decades. The heterogeneity of these proteins, often caused by the complex biosynthesis pathways and the subsequent PTMs, poses a challenge for drug characterization to ensure its safety, quality, integrity, and efficacy. CE, with its simple instrumentation, superior separation efficiency, small sample consumption, and short analysis time, is a well-suited analytical tool for therapeutic protein characterization. Different separation modes, including CIEF, SDS-CGE, CZE, and CE-MS, provide complementary information of the proteins. The CE applications for recombinant therapeutic proteins from the year 2000 to June 2013 are reviewed and technical concerns are discussed in this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Sherry Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
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13
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Kinoshita M, Nakatsuji Y, Suzuki S, Hayakawa T, Kakehi K. Quality assurance of monoclonal antibody pharmaceuticals based on their charge variants using microchip isoelectric focusing method. J Chromatogr A 2013; 1309:76-83. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2013.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2013] [Revised: 07/25/2013] [Accepted: 08/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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14
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Zhou CM. Characterization of human papillomavirus by capillary isoelectric focusing with whole-column imaging detection. Electrophoresis 2013; 34:3046-53. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201300161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2012] [Revised: 07/17/2013] [Accepted: 07/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Ming Zhou
- Department of Quality Research; Shanghai Zerun Biotechnology Co., Ltd; Shanghai; China
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15
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Lin J, Lazar AC. Determination of charge heterogeneity and level of unconjugated antibody by imaged cIEF. Methods Mol Biol 2013; 1045:295-302. [PMID: 23913156 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-62703-541-5_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Imaged capillary isoelectric focusing (icIEF) is capable of monitoring the charge heterogeneity profile of conjugated antibodies. The electropherogram from icIEF can be integrated to quantitate the amount of unconjugated antibody present in a conjugate sample. This chapter describes an icIEF method where a conjugate sample was first prepared by mixing with appropriate ampholytes, pI markers, and additives. Then, the sample was focused in a fluorocarbon-coated fused silica capillary, where absorbance images were taken. Quantitation of the unconjugated antibody was achieved by using a calibration curve.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joyce Lin
- Analytical & Pharmaceutical Sciences, ImmunoGen, Inc., Waltham, MA, USA
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16
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Yin S, Pastuskovas CV, Khawli LA, Stults JT. Characterization of therapeutic monoclonal antibodies reveals differences between in vitro and in vivo time-course studies. Pharm Res 2012; 30:167-78. [PMID: 22956170 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-012-0860-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2012] [Accepted: 08/08/2012] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To examine and determine the sites and the kinetics of IgG1 mAb modifications from both in vitro (rat plasma and PBS) and in vivo (rat model) time-course studies. METHODS A comprehensive set of protein characterization methods, including RPLC/MS, LC-MS/MS, iCIEF, capSEC, and CE-SDS were performed in this report. RESULTS We demonstrate that plasma incubation and in vivo circulation increase the rate of C-terminal lysine removal, and the levels of deamidation, pyroglutamic acid (pyroE), and thioether-linked (lanthionine) heavy chain and light chain (HC-S-LC). In contrast, incubation in PBS shows no C-terminal lysine removal, and slower rates of deamidation, pyroE, and HC-S-LC formation. Other potential modifications such as oxidation, aggregation, and peptide bonds hydrolysis are not enhanced. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates that in vivo mAb modifications are not fully represented by in vitro PBS or plasma incubation. The differences in modifications and their rates reflect the dissimilarities of matrices and the impact of enzymes. These observations provide valuable evidence and knowledge in evaluating the criticality of modifications that occur naturally in vivo that might impact formulation design, therapeutic outcome, and critical quality attribute assessments for therapeutic mAb manufacturing and quality control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Yin
- Protein Analytical Chemistry, Genentech, Inc, South San Francisco, California, USA
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17
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Anderson CL, Wang Y, Rustandi RR. Applications of imaged capillary isoelectric focussing technique in development of biopharmaceutical glycoprotein-based products. Electrophoresis 2012; 33:1538-44. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201100611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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18
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Michels DA, Tu AW, McElroy W, Voehringer D, Salas-Solano O. Charge Heterogeneity of Monoclonal Antibodies by Multiplexed Imaged Capillary Isoelectric Focusing Immunoassay with Chemiluminescence Detection. Anal Chem 2012; 84:5380-6. [DOI: 10.1021/ac3008847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David A. Michels
- Department of Protein
Analytical
Chemistry, Genentech, a Member of the Roche
Group, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Andrea W. Tu
- ProteinSimple, 3040 Oakmead Village Drive, Santa Clara, California 95051, United
States
| | - Will McElroy
- Department of Protein
Analytical
Chemistry, Genentech, a Member of the Roche
Group, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - David Voehringer
- ProteinSimple, 3040 Oakmead Village Drive, Santa Clara, California 95051, United
States
| | - Oscar Salas-Solano
- Department of Analytical
Biochemistry, Seattle Genetics, Inc., 21823
30th Drive SE, Bothell,
Washington 98021, United States
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19
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Han H, Livingston E, Chen X. High Throughput Profiling of Charge Heterogeneity in Antibodies by Microchip Electrophoresis. Anal Chem 2011; 83:8184-91. [DOI: 10.1021/ac201741w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hongling Han
- Integrated Biologics Profiling, Novartis Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Eliza Livingston
- Integrated Biologics Profiling, Novartis Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Xiaoyu Chen
- Integrated Biologics Profiling, Novartis Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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20
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Ha S, Wang Y, Rustandi RR. Biochemical and biophysical characterization of humanized IgG1 produced in Pichia pastoris. MAbs 2011; 3:453-60. [PMID: 22048694 DOI: 10.4161/mabs.3.5.16891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The first full length IgG produced in Pichia pastoris was reported in late 1980. However, use of a wild-type Pichia expression system to produce IgGs with human-like N-linked glycans was not possible until recently. Advances in glycoengineering have enabled organisms such as Pichia to mimic human N-glycan biosynthesis and produce IgGs with human glycans on an industrial scale. Since there are only a few reports of the analytical characterization of Pichia-produced IgG, we summarize the results known in this field, and provide additional characterization data generated in our laboratories. The data suggest that Pichia-produced IgG has the same stability as that produced in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells. It has similar aggregation profiles, charge variant distribution and oxidation levels as those for a CHO IgG. It contains human N-linked glycans and O-linked single mannose. Because of the comparable biophysical and biochemical characteristics, glycoengineered Pichia pastoris is an attractive expression system for therapeutic IgG productions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sha Ha
- Department of Bioprocess Analytical and Formulation Sciences, Merck Research Laboratories, West Point, PA, USA
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21
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Lin J, Tan Q, Wang S. A high-resolution capillary isoelectric focusing method for the determination of therapeutic recombinant monoclonal antibody. J Sep Sci 2011; 34:1696-702. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201100067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2011] [Revised: 04/15/2011] [Accepted: 04/17/2011] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Intercompany Study to Evaluate the Robustness of Capillary Isoelectric Focusing Technology for the Analysis of Monoclonal Antibodies. Chromatographia 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-011-2017-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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23
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Gibson TJ, Mccarty K, McFadyen IJ, Cash E, Dalmonte P, Hinds KD, Dinerman AA, Alvarez JC, Volkin DB. Application of a High-Throughput Screening Procedure with PEG-Induced Precipitation to Compare Relative Protein Solubility During Formulation Development with IgG1 Monoclonal Antibodies. J Pharm Sci 2011; 100:1009-21. [DOI: 10.1002/jps.22350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2010] [Revised: 08/20/2010] [Accepted: 08/23/2010] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Maeda E, Urakami K, Shimura K, Kinoshita M, Kakehi K. Charge heterogeneity of a therapeutic monoclonal antibody conjugated with a cytotoxic antitumor antibiotic, calicheamicin. J Chromatogr A 2010; 1217:7164-71. [PMID: 20932526 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2010.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2010] [Revised: 09/01/2010] [Accepted: 09/08/2010] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
A robust and highly reproducible capillary isoelectric focusing (cIEF) method for the evaluation of charge heterogeneity of monoclonal antibody (mAb) pharmaceutical which contains covalently bound antitumor compounds was developed using a combination of commercially available dimethylpolysiloxane-coated capillary and carrier ampholyte. In order to optimize major analytical parameters for robust mobilization, experimental responses from three pI markers were selected. The optimized method gave excellent repeatability and intermediate precision in estimated pI values of charge variants with relative standard deviations (RSDs) of not more than 0.06% and 0.95%, respectively, when using IgG(4) as a model. Furthermore, RSDs of charge variant compositions were less than 5.0%. These results suggest that the proposed method can be a powerful tool for reproducible evaluation of charge variants of both naked mAbs and their conjugates with high resolution, and it is applicable to quality testing and detailed characterization in the pharmaceutical industry. In addition, it should be noticed that the method provided non-linear pH gradient within the tested ranges, from pI 9.50 to 3.78, and the pH gradient caused the inconsistency of estimated pI ranges between cIEF and gel IEF. This result indicates that selecting appropriate pI markers based on the target pI ranges of charge variants for each mAb related pharmaceutical is highly recommended for the precise determination of pI values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eiki Maeda
- Analytical Development Laboratories, CMC Center, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Juso-honmachi 2-17-85, Yodogawa-ku, Osaka 532-8686, Japan. maeda
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Abstract
Drug development from early discovery to late stage commercialization is a long arduous process where a number of factors are taken into consideration when deciding on a particular immunoglobulin isotype for a therapeutic purpose. There are no general rules for which isotype is selected; however, prior experiences, effector function and the specific therapy targeted, as well as extensive testing early in development help in pairing the number of candidates. Over 20 monoclonal antibodies are FDA-approved, and most are IgG1 isotype, although a number of non-IgG1 molecules have been approved recently and the number in development is on the rise. Analytical techniques that examine the physicochemical properties of a molecule provide vital information on the stability and efficacy of candidate antibody therapeutics, but most of these studies are conducted using standard buffers and under well defined storage conditions. It has recently become apparent that analysis of antibody therapeutics recovered after circulation in blood show altered physicochemical characteristics, and in many instances therapeutic molecules recovered from serum show lower potency. This review examines some of these studies, with a focus on the physicochemical changes observed in the molecules. Technologies that can facilitate rapid screening of candidate antibody therapeutics directly from blood are highlighted. The facts indicate that antibody therapeutic development programs must incorporate understanding of the basic biology of the isotype and its stability in serum, which is the intended environment of the therapeutic.
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Zhao H, Graf O, Milovic N, Luan X, Bluemel M, Smolny M, Forrer K. Formulation Development of Antibodies Using Robotic System and High-Throughput Laboratory (HTL). J Pharm Sci 2010; 99:2279-94. [DOI: 10.1002/jps.22008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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He XZ, Que AH, Mo JJ. Analysis of charge heterogeneities in mAbs using imaged CE. Electrophoresis 2009; 30:714-22. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.200800636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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KITAGAWA F, AIZAWA S, OTSUKA K. High-speed Analysis of Proteins by Microchip Isoelectric Focusing with Linear-imaging UV Detection. ANAL SCI 2009; 25:979-84. [DOI: 10.2116/analsci.25.979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Sosic Z, Houde D, Blum A, Carlage T, Lyubarskaya Y. Application of imaging capillary IEF for characterization and quantitative analysis of recombinant protein charge heterogeneity. Electrophoresis 2008; 29:4368-76. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.200800157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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31
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Recent developments in capillary isoelectric focusing. J Chromatogr A 2008; 1204:157-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2008.05.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2008] [Revised: 04/30/2008] [Accepted: 05/08/2008] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Ou J, Glawdel T, Samy R, Wang S, Liu Z, Ren CL, Pawliszyn J. Integration of Dialysis Membranes into a Poly(dimethylsiloxane) Microfluidic Chip for Isoelectric Focusing of Proteins Using Whole-Channel Imaging Detection. Anal Chem 2008; 80:7401-7. [DOI: 10.1021/ac8010928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Ou
- Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering and Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada N2L 3G1, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Tomasz Glawdel
- Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering and Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada N2L 3G1, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Razim Samy
- Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering and Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada N2L 3G1, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Shuwen Wang
- Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering and Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada N2L 3G1, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Zhen Liu
- Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering and Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada N2L 3G1, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Carolyn L. Ren
- Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering and Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada N2L 3G1, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Janusz Pawliszyn
- Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering and Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada N2L 3G1, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
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Kamoda S, Kakehi K. Evaluation of glycosylation for quality assurance of antibody pharmaceuticals by capillary electrophoresis. Electrophoresis 2008; 29:3595-604. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.200700940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Silvertand LHH, Toraño JS, de Jong GJ, van Bennekom WP. Improved repeatability and matrix-assisted desorption/ionization – time of flight mass spectrometry compatibility in capillary isoelectric focusing. Electrophoresis 2008; 29:1985-96. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.200700434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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35
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Pharmaceutical applications of isoelectric focusing on microchip with imaged UV detection. J Chromatogr A 2008; 1181:145-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2007.12.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2007] [Revised: 11/20/2007] [Accepted: 12/18/2007] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Han M, Guo A, Jochheim C, Zhang Y, Martinez T, Kodama P, Pettit D, Balland A. Analysis of Glycosylated Type II Interleukin-1 Receptor (IL-1R) by Imaged Capillary Isoelectric Focusing (i-cIEF). Chromatographia 2007. [DOI: 10.1365/s10337-007-0338-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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