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Castro e Souza MA, Reis NFA, de Souza Batista L, da Costa César I, Fernandes C, Pianetti GA. An Easy and Rapid Spectrophotometric Method for Determination of Chloroquine Diphosphate in Tablets. CURR PHARM ANAL 2019. [DOI: 10.2174/1573412914666180730123426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Introduction:
Malaria, an infectious disease caused by protozoa of the genus Plasmodium, is
highly prevalent in the Brazilian Amazon. Chloroquine is the first-choice drug for the treatment of malaria
caused by P. vivax and P. malariae. The humid and hot climate characteristic of the Brazilian
endemic region favors drug degradation and modification of its biopharmaceutical properties, which
may result in subtherapeutic dosage, formation of degradation products that can be toxic to humans and
appearance of parasitic resistance. Thus, it is necessary to monitor the quality of chloroquine tablets.
Materials and Methods:
An analytical method was developed and validated to determine chloroquine
content in tablets by ultraviolet spectrophotometry. The diluent consisted of 0.06 M monosodium phosphate
buffer pH 6.8 and detection was performed at 343 nm.
Results and Conclusion:
The method proved to be linear in the range of 7.2 to 19.2 µg.mL-1, precise,
accurate, selective, robust, and statistically equivalent to a liquid chromatographic method by the United
States Pharmacopeia. The developed method was applied to determine chloroquine content in six
batches of the drug. The evaluated batches were considered adequate for identification, assay, dissolution,
disintegration and uniformity of dosage units, and were found to be inadequate in terms of friability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateus Araújo Castro e Souza
- Quality Control Laboratory for Medicines and Cosmetics, Department of Pharmaceutical Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Naialy Fernandes Araújo Reis
- Quality Control Laboratory for Medicines and Cosmetics, Department of Pharmaceutical Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Larissa de Souza Batista
- Quality Control Laboratory for Medicines and Cosmetics, Department of Pharmaceutical Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Isabela da Costa César
- Quality Control Laboratory for Medicines and Cosmetics, Department of Pharmaceutical Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Christian Fernandes
- Quality Control Laboratory for Medicines and Cosmetics, Department of Pharmaceutical Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Gerson Antônio Pianetti
- Quality Control Laboratory for Medicines and Cosmetics, Department of Pharmaceutical Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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Stradwick L, Inglis D, Kelly J, Pickering G. Development and application of assay for determining β-glucosidase activity in human saliva. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1186/s13411-017-0054-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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du Plessis LH, Govender K, Denti P, Wiesner L. In vivo efficacy and bioavailability of lumefantrine: Evaluating the application of Pheroid technology. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2015; 97:68-77. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2015.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2015] [Revised: 09/30/2015] [Accepted: 10/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Suleman S, Verheust Y, Dumoulin A, Wynendaele E, D'Hondt M, Vandercruyssen K, Veryser L, Duchateau L, De Spiegeleer B. Gas chromatographic method for the determination of lumefantrine in antimalarial finished pharmaceutical products. J Food Drug Anal 2015; 23:552-559. [PMID: 28911715 PMCID: PMC9351795 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfda.2015.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2014] [Revised: 03/10/2015] [Accepted: 03/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sultan Suleman
- Drug Quality and Registration (DruQuaR) Group, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; School of Pharmacy, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
| | | | - Ann Dumoulin
- Research Group EnBiChem, Ghent University, Kortrijk, Belgium
| | - Evelien Wynendaele
- Drug Quality and Registration (DruQuaR) Group, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Matthias D'Hondt
- Drug Quality and Registration (DruQuaR) Group, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Kirsten Vandercruyssen
- Drug Quality and Registration (DruQuaR) Group, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Lieselotte Veryser
- Drug Quality and Registration (DruQuaR) Group, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Luc Duchateau
- Department of Comparative Physiology and Biometrics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Bart De Spiegeleer
- Drug Quality and Registration (DruQuaR) Group, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
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Suleman S, Vandercruyssen K, Wynendaele E, D'Hondt M, Bracke N, Duchateau L, Burvenich C, Peremans K, De Spiegeleer B. A rapid stability-indicating, fused-core HPLC method for simultaneous determination of β-artemether and lumefantrine in anti-malarial fixed dose combination products. Malar J 2013; 12:145. [PMID: 23631682 PMCID: PMC3651282 DOI: 10.1186/1475-2875-12-145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2013] [Accepted: 04/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Artemisinin-based fixed dose combination (FDC) products are recommended by World Health Organization (WHO) as a first-line treatment. However, the current artemisinin FDC products, such as β-artemether and lumefantrine, are inherently unstable and require controlled distribution and storage conditions, which are not always available in resource-limited settings. Moreover, quality control is hampered by lack of suitable analytical methods. Thus, there is a need for a rapid and simple, but stability-indicating method for the simultaneous assay of β-artemether and lumefantrine FDC products. Methods Three reversed-phase fused-core HPLC columns (Halo RP-Amide, Halo C18 and Halo Phenyl-hexyl), all thermostated at 30°C, were evaluated. β-artemether and lumefantrine (unstressed and stressed), and reference-related impurities were injected and chromatographic parameters were assessed. Optimal chromatographic parameters were obtained using Halo RP-Amide column and an isocratic mobile phase composed of acetonitrile and 1mM phosphate buffer pH 3.0 (52:48; V/V) at a flow of 1.0 ml/min and 3 μl injection volume. Quantification was performed at 210 nm and 335 nm for β-artemether and for lumefantrine, respectively. In-silico toxicological evaluation of the related impurities was made using Derek Nexus v2.0®. Results Both β-artemether and lumefantrine were separated from each other as well as from the specified and unspecified related impurities including degradants. A complete chromatographic run only took four minutes. Evaluation of the method, including a Plackett-Burman robustness verification within analytical QbD-principles, and real-life samples showed the method is suitable for quantitative assay purposes of both active pharmaceutical ingredients, with a mean recovery relative standard deviation (± RSD) of 99.7 % (± 0.7%) for β-artemether and 99.7 % (± 0.6%) for lumefantrine. All identified β-artemether-related impurities were predicted in Derek Nexus v2.0® to have toxicity risks similar to β-artemether active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) itself. Conclusions A rapid, robust, precise and accurate stability-indicating, quantitative fused-core isocratic HPLC method was developed for simultaneous assay of β-artemether and lumefantrine. This method can be applied in the routine regulatory quality control of FDC products. The in-silico toxicological investigation using Derek Nexus® indicated that the overall toxicity risk for β-artemether-related impurities is comparable to that of β-artemether API.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sultan Suleman
- Drug Quality and Registration (DruQuaR) group, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Harelbekestraat 72, Ghent, B-9000, Belgium
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Lamalle C, Marini RD, Debrus B, Lebrun P, Crommen J, Hubert P, Servais AC, Fillet M. Development of a generic micellar electrokinetic chromatography method for the separation of 15 antimalarial drugs as a tool to detect medicine counterfeiting. Electrophoresis 2012; 33:1669-78. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201100621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Lamalle
- Laboratory of Analytical Pharmaceutical Chemistry; Department of Pharmacy; CIRM; University of Liège; Belgium
| | | | - Benjamin Debrus
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry; Department of Pharmacy; CIRM; University of Liège; Belgium
| | - Pierre Lebrun
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry; Department of Pharmacy; CIRM; University of Liège; Belgium
| | - Jacques Crommen
- Laboratory of Analytical Pharmaceutical Chemistry; Department of Pharmacy; CIRM; University of Liège; Belgium
| | - Philippe Hubert
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry; Department of Pharmacy; CIRM; University of Liège; Belgium
| | - Anne-Catherine Servais
- Laboratory of Analytical Pharmaceutical Chemistry; Department of Pharmacy; CIRM; University of Liège; Belgium
| | - Marianne Fillet
- Laboratory of Analytical Pharmaceutical Chemistry; Department of Pharmacy; CIRM; University of Liège; Belgium
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Sethi P, Dua VK, Jain R. A LC-MS/MS METHOD FOR THE DETERMINATION OF LUMEFANTRINE AND ITS METABOLITE DESBUTYL-LUMEFANTRINE IN PLASMA FROM PATIENTS INFECTED WITH PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM MALARIA. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2011. [DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2011.593222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Prerana Sethi
- a National Institute of Malaria Research , Hardwar , India
| | | | - Rajeev Jain
- b Chemistry Department , Jiwaji University , Gwalior , India
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Verbeken M, Suleman S, Baert B, Vangheluwe E, Van Dorpe S, Burvenich C, Duchateau L, Jansen FH, De Spiegeleer B. Stability-indicating HPLC-DAD/UV-ESI/MS impurity profiling of the anti-malarial drug lumefantrine. Malar J 2011; 10:51. [PMID: 21356068 PMCID: PMC3059303 DOI: 10.1186/1475-2875-10-51] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2010] [Accepted: 02/28/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lumefantrine (benflumetol) is a fluorene derivative belonging to the aryl amino alcohol class of anti-malarial drugs and is commercially available in fixed combination products with β-artemether. Impurity characterization of such drugs, which are widely consumed in tropical countries for malaria control programmes, is of paramount importance. However, until now, no exhaustive impurity profile of lumefantrine has been established, encompassing process-related and degradation impurities in active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) and finished pharmaceutical products (FPPs). METHODS Using HPLC-DAD/UV-ESI/ion trap/MS, a comprehensive impurity profile was established based upon analysis of market samples as well as stress, accelerated and long-term stability results. In-silico toxicological predictions for these lumefantrine related impurities were made using Toxtree® and Derek®. RESULTS Several new impurities are identified, of which the desbenzylketo derivative (DBK) is proposed as a new specified degradant. DBK and the remaining unspecified lumefantrine related impurities are predicted, using Toxtree® and Derek®, to have a toxicity risk comparable to the toxicity risk of the API lumefantrine itself. CONCLUSIONS From unstressed, stressed and accelerated stability samples of lumefantrine API and FPPs, nine compounds were detected and characterized to be lumefantrine related impurities. One new lumefantrine related compound, DBK, was identified and characterized as a specified degradation impurity of lumefantrine in real market samples (FPPs). The in-silico toxicological investigation (Toxtree® and Derek®) indicated overall a toxicity risk for lumefantrine related impurities comparable to that of the API lumefantrine itself.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Verbeken
- Drug Quality and Registration group, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Harelbekestraat 72, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
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César IDC, Pianetti GA. Robustness evaluation of the chromatographic method for the quantitation of lumefantrine using Youden's test. BRAZ J PHARM SCI 2009. [DOI: 10.1590/s1984-82502009000200007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Youden's test is a reliable method to evaluate the robustness of analytical methods, by means of an experiment design which involves seven analytical parameters combined in eight tests. In the present study, we assessed the robustness of a chromatographic method to quantify lumefantrine in raw material samples, using Youden's test. Hence, it was possible to determine the effect of each analytical parameter in the final analysis results. Youden's test showed to be a simple and feasible procedure to evaluate the robustness of chromatographic methods.
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