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Jeong YS, Baek M, Lee S, Kim MS, Maeng HJ, Lee JH, Suh YG, Chung SJ. Development and Validation of Analytical Method for SH-1242 in the Rat and Mouse Plasma by Liquid Chromatography/Tandem Mass Spectrometry. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25030531. [PMID: 31991809 PMCID: PMC7037321 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25030531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
SH-1242, a novel inhibitor of heat shock protein 90 (HSP90), is a synthetic analog of deguelin: It was previously reported that the treatment of SH-1242 led to a strong suppression of hypoxia-mediated retinal neovascularization and vascular leakage in diabetic retinas by inhibiting the hypoxia-induced upregulation of expression in hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). In this study, an analytical method for the quantification of SH-1242 in biological samples from rats and mice was developed/validated for application in pharmacokinetic studies. SH-1242 and deguelin, an internal standard of the assay, in plasma samples from the rodents were extracted with methanol containing 0.1% formic acid and analyzed at m/z transition values of 368.9→151.0 and 395.0→213.0, respectively. The method was validated in terms of accuracy, precision, dilution, matrix effects, recovery, and stability and shown to comply with validation guidelines when it was used in the concentration ranges of 1–1000 ng/mL for rat plasma and of 2–1000 ng/mL for mouse plasma. SH-1242 levels in plasma samples were readily determined using the developed method for up to 480 min after the intravenous administration of 0.1 mg/kg SH-1242 to rats and for up to 120 min to mice. These findings suggested that the current method was practical and reliable for pharmacokinetic studies on SH-1242 in preclinical animal species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoo-Seong Jeong
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Korea; (Y.-S.J.); (M.B.); (S.L.); (M.-S.K.); (Y.-G.S.)
| | - Minjeong Baek
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Korea; (Y.-S.J.); (M.B.); (S.L.); (M.-S.K.); (Y.-G.S.)
| | - Seungbeom Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Korea; (Y.-S.J.); (M.B.); (S.L.); (M.-S.K.); (Y.-G.S.)
- College of Pharmacy, CHA University, 120 Haeryong-ro, Pocheon-si, Gyeonggi-do 11160, Korea
| | - Min-Soo Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Korea; (Y.-S.J.); (M.B.); (S.L.); (M.-S.K.); (Y.-G.S.)
| | - Han-Joo Maeng
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, 191 Hambakmoei-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21936, Korea;
| | - Jong-Hwa Lee
- Korea Institute of Toxicology, 141 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34114, Korea;
| | - Young-Ger Suh
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Korea; (Y.-S.J.); (M.B.); (S.L.); (M.-S.K.); (Y.-G.S.)
- College of Pharmacy, CHA University, 120 Haeryong-ro, Pocheon-si, Gyeonggi-do 11160, Korea
| | - Suk-Jae Chung
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Korea; (Y.-S.J.); (M.B.); (S.L.); (M.-S.K.); (Y.-G.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-880-9176
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Identification of key candidate genes and molecular pathways in white fat browning: an anti-obesity drug discovery based on computational biology. Hum Genomics 2019; 13:55. [PMID: 31699147 PMCID: PMC6836481 DOI: 10.1186/s40246-019-0239-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Obesity—with its increased risk of obesity-associated metabolic diseases—has become one of the greatest public health epidemics of the twenty-first century in affluent countries. To date, there are no ideal drugs for treating obesity. Studies have shown that activation of brown adipose tissue (BAT) can promote energy consumption and inhibit obesity, which makes browning of white adipose tissue (WAT) a potential therapeutic target for obesity. Our objective was to identify genes and molecular pathways associated with WAT and the activation of BAT to WAT browning, by using publicly available data and computational tools; this knowledge might help in targeting relevant signaling pathways for treating obesity and other related metabolic diseases. Results In this study, we used text mining to find out genes related to brown fat and white fat browning. Combined with biological process and pathway analysis in GeneCodis and protein-protein interaction analysis by using STRING and Cytoscape, a list of high priority target genes was developed. The Human Protein Atlas was used to analyze protein expression. Candidate drugs were derived on the basis of the drug-gene interaction analysis of the final genes. Our study identified 18 genes representing 6 different pathways, targetable by a total of 33 drugs as possible drug treatments. The final list included 18 peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ) agonists, 4 beta 3 adrenoceptor (β3-AR) agonists, 1 insulin sensitizer, 3 insulins, 6 lipase clearing factor stimulants and other drugs. Conclusions Drug discovery using in silico text mining, pathway, and protein-protein interaction analysis tools may be a method of exploring drugs targeting the activation of brown fat or white fat browning, which provides a basis for the development of novel targeted therapies as potential treatments for obesity and related metabolic diseases.
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Sohn JH, Kim JI, Jeon YG, Park J, Kim JB. Effects of Three Thiazolidinediones on Metabolic Regulation and Cold-Induced Thermogenesis. Mol Cells 2018; 41:900-908. [PMID: 30145862 PMCID: PMC6199571 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2018.0294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Revised: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulin resistance is closely associated with metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes, dyslipidemia, hypertension and atherosclerosis. Thiazolidinediones (TZDs) have been developed to ameliorate insulin resistance by activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) γ. Although TZDs are synthetic ligands for PPARγ, metabolic outcomes of each TZD are different. Moreover, there are lack of head-to-head comparative studies among TZDs in the aspect of metabolic outcomes. In this study, we analyzed the effects of three TZDs, including lobeglitazone (Lobe), rosiglitazone (Rosi), and pioglitazone (Pio) on metabolic and thermogenic regulation. In adipocytes, Lobe more potently stimulated adipogenesis and insulin-dependent glucose uptake than Rosi and Pio. In the presence of pro-inflammatory stimuli, Lobe efficiently suppressed expressions of pro-inflammatory genes in macrophages and adipocytes. In obese and diabetic db/db mice, Lobe effectively promoted insulin-stimulated glucose uptake and suppressed pro-inflammatory responses in epididymal white adipose tissue (EAT), leading to improve glucose intolerance. Compared to other two TZDs, Lobe enhanced beige adipocyte formation and thermogenic gene expression in inguinal white adipose tissue (IAT) of lean mice, which would be attributable to cold-induced thermogenesis. Collectively, these comparison data suggest that Lobe could relieve insulin resistance and enhance thermogenesis at low-concentration conditions where Rosi and Pio are less effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jee Hyung Sohn
- National Creative Research Initiatives Center for Adipose Tissue Remodeling, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Department of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826,
Korea
| | - Jong In Kim
- National Creative Research Initiatives Center for Adipose Tissue Remodeling, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Department of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826,
Korea
| | - Yong Geun Jeon
- National Creative Research Initiatives Center for Adipose Tissue Remodeling, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Department of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826,
Korea
| | - Jeu Park
- National Creative Research Initiatives Center for Adipose Tissue Remodeling, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Department of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826,
Korea
| | - Jae Bum Kim
- National Creative Research Initiatives Center for Adipose Tissue Remodeling, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Department of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826,
Korea
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Lee YS, Park JS, Lee DH, Lee DK, Kwon SW, Lee BW, Bae SH. The Antidiabetic Drug Lobeglitazone Protects Mice From Lipogenesis-Induced Liver Injury via Mechanistic Target of Rapamycin Complex 1 Inhibition. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2018; 9:539. [PMID: 30298052 PMCID: PMC6161559 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2018.00539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a metabolic disorder closely linked with type II diabetes (T2D). The progression of NAFLD is associated with the induction of lipogenesis through hyperactivation of the mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) pathway. An increase in lipogenesis induces endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and accelerates oxidative liver injury in the pathogenesis of NAFLD. Lobeglitazone, one of thiazolidinediones (TZDs), is used as an antidiabetic drug to lower serum glucose level through an increase in insulin sensitivity. It is known to improve pathological symptoms in animals and humans with NAFLD. However, the underlying molecular mechanism of the protective effects of lobeglitazone against NAFLD has not been elucidated. Here, we show that under the physiological condition of acute lipogenesis, lobeglitazone inhibits hepatic lipid synthesis, the subsequent ER stress, and ω-oxidation of fatty acids by inhibiting the mTORC1 pathway. As a result, lobeglitazone protected mice from lipogenesis-induced oxidative liver injury. Taken together, lobeglitazone might be a suitable drug for the treatment of patients with diabetes and NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Seol Lee
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei Biomedical Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jeong Su Park
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei Biomedical Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Da Hyun Lee
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei Biomedical Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Dong-Kyu Lee
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sung Won Kwon
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Byung-Wan Lee
- Graduate School, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Institute of Endocrine Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Soo Han Bae
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei Biomedical Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Soo Han Bae
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Development of a LC–MS/MS method for the determination of CKD-712 in rat plasma: Application to a pharmacokinetic study in rats. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2017; 1061-1062:123-127. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2017.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2016] [Revised: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 07/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Quantification of EC-18, a synthetic monoacetyldiglyceride (1-palmitoyl-2-linoleoyl-3-acetyl-rac-glycerol), in rat and mouse plasma by liquid-chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2017; 137:155-162. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2017.01.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2016] [Revised: 01/11/2017] [Accepted: 01/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Constantin S, Lupascu FG, Apotrosoaei M, Vasincu IM, Lupascu D, Buron F, Routier S, Profire L. Synthesis and biological evaluation of the new 1,3-dimethylxanthine derivatives with thiazolidine-4-one scaffold. Chem Cent J 2017; 11:12. [PMID: 28203273 PMCID: PMC5289128 DOI: 10.1186/s13065-017-0241-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Accepted: 01/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The xanthine structure has proved to be an important scaffold in the process of developing a wide variety of biologically active molecules such as bronchodilator, hypoglycemiant, anticancer and anti-inflammatory agents. It is known that hyperglycemia generates reactive oxygen species which are involved in the progression of diabetes mellitus and its complications. Therefore, the development of new compounds with antioxidant activity could be an important therapeutic strategy against this metabolic syndrome. Results New thiazolidine-4-one derivatives with xanthine structure have been synthetized as potential antidiabetic drugs. The structure of the synthesized compounds was confirmed by using spectral methods (FT-IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, 19F-NMR, HRMS). Their antioxidant activity was evaluated using in vitro assays: DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging ability and phosphomolybdenum reducing antioxidant power assay. The developed compounds showed improved antioxidant effects in comparison to the parent compound, theophylline. In the case of both series, the intermediate (5a–k) and final compounds (6a–k), the aromatic substitution, especially in para position with halogens (fluoro, chloro), methyl and methoxy groups, was associated with an increase of the antioxidant effects. Conclusions For several thiazolidine-4-one derivatives the antioxidant effect of was superior to that of their corresponding hydrazone derivatives. The most active compound was 6f which registered the highest radical scavenging activity.Design and synthesis of new thiazolidine-4-one derivatives. ![]() Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13065-017-0241-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Constantin
- The Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, The Faculty of Pharmacy, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, No. 16 University Street, Iasi, 700115 Romania
| | - Florentina Geanina Lupascu
- The Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, The Faculty of Pharmacy, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, No. 16 University Street, Iasi, 700115 Romania
| | - Maria Apotrosoaei
- The Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, The Faculty of Pharmacy, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, No. 16 University Street, Iasi, 700115 Romania
| | - Ioana Mirela Vasincu
- The Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, The Faculty of Pharmacy, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, No. 16 University Street, Iasi, 700115 Romania
| | - Dan Lupascu
- The Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, The Faculty of Pharmacy, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, No. 16 University Street, Iasi, 700115 Romania
| | - Frederic Buron
- Institut de Chimie Organique et Analytique, ICOA, Univ Orleans, Orleans, France
| | - Sylvain Routier
- Institut de Chimie Organique et Analytique, ICOA, Univ Orleans, Orleans, France
| | - Lenuta Profire
- The Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, The Faculty of Pharmacy, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, No. 16 University Street, Iasi, 700115 Romania
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Yim CS, Jeong YS, Lee SY, Pyeon W, Ryu HM, Lee JH, Lee KR, Maeng HJ, Chung SJ. Specific Inhibition of the Distribution of Lobeglitazone to the Liver by Atorvastatin in Rats: Evidence for a Rat Organic Anion Transporting Polypeptide 1B2-Mediated Interaction in Hepatic Transport. Drug Metab Dispos 2017; 45:246-259. [PMID: 28069721 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.116.074120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2016] [Accepted: 01/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytochrome P450 enzymes and human organic anion transporting polypeptide (OATP) 1B1 are reported to be involved in the pharmacokinetics of lobeglitazone (LB), a new peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ agonist. Atorvastatin (ATV), a substrate for CYP3A and human OATP1B1, is likely to be coadministered with LB in patients with the metabolic syndrome. We report herein on a study of potential interactions between LB and ATV in rats. When LB was administered intravenously with ATV, the systemic clearance and volume of distribution at steady state for LB remained unchanged (2.67 ± 0.63 ml/min per kg and 289 ± 20 ml/kg, respectively), compared with that of LB without ATV (2.34 ± 0.37 ml/min per kg and 271 ± 20 ml/kg, respectively). Although the tissue-to-plasma partition coefficient (Kp) of LB was not affected by ATV in most major tissues, the liver Kp for LB was decreased by ATV coadministration. Steady-state liver Kp values for three levels of LB were significantly decreased as a result of ATV coadministration. LB uptake was inhibited by ATV in rat OATP1B2-overexpressing Madin-Darby canine kidney cells and in isolated rat hepatocytes in vitro. After incorporating the kinetic parameters for the in vitro studies into a physiologically based pharmacokinetics model, the characteristics of LB distribution to the liver were consistent with the findings of the in vivo study. It thus appears that the distribution of LB to the liver is mediated by the hepatic uptake of transporters such as rat OATP1B2, and carrier-mediated transport is involved in the liver-specific drug-drug interaction between LB and ATV in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Soon Yim
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea (C.-S.Y., Y.-S.J., S.-Y.L., W.P., H.-M.R., S.-J.C.); Korea Institute of Toxicology, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea (J.-H.L.); Life Science Research Center, Daewoong Pharmaceutical Company Ltd., Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea (K.-R.L.); and College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon, Republic of Korea (H.-J.M.)
| | - Yoo-Seong Jeong
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea (C.-S.Y., Y.-S.J., S.-Y.L., W.P., H.-M.R., S.-J.C.); Korea Institute of Toxicology, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea (J.-H.L.); Life Science Research Center, Daewoong Pharmaceutical Company Ltd., Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea (K.-R.L.); and College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon, Republic of Korea (H.-J.M.)
| | - Song-Yi Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea (C.-S.Y., Y.-S.J., S.-Y.L., W.P., H.-M.R., S.-J.C.); Korea Institute of Toxicology, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea (J.-H.L.); Life Science Research Center, Daewoong Pharmaceutical Company Ltd., Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea (K.-R.L.); and College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon, Republic of Korea (H.-J.M.)
| | - Wonji Pyeon
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea (C.-S.Y., Y.-S.J., S.-Y.L., W.P., H.-M.R., S.-J.C.); Korea Institute of Toxicology, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea (J.-H.L.); Life Science Research Center, Daewoong Pharmaceutical Company Ltd., Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea (K.-R.L.); and College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon, Republic of Korea (H.-J.M.)
| | - Heon-Min Ryu
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea (C.-S.Y., Y.-S.J., S.-Y.L., W.P., H.-M.R., S.-J.C.); Korea Institute of Toxicology, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea (J.-H.L.); Life Science Research Center, Daewoong Pharmaceutical Company Ltd., Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea (K.-R.L.); and College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon, Republic of Korea (H.-J.M.)
| | - Jong-Hwa Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea (C.-S.Y., Y.-S.J., S.-Y.L., W.P., H.-M.R., S.-J.C.); Korea Institute of Toxicology, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea (J.-H.L.); Life Science Research Center, Daewoong Pharmaceutical Company Ltd., Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea (K.-R.L.); and College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon, Republic of Korea (H.-J.M.)
| | - Kyeong-Ryoon Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea (C.-S.Y., Y.-S.J., S.-Y.L., W.P., H.-M.R., S.-J.C.); Korea Institute of Toxicology, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea (J.-H.L.); Life Science Research Center, Daewoong Pharmaceutical Company Ltd., Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea (K.-R.L.); and College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon, Republic of Korea (H.-J.M.)
| | - Han-Joo Maeng
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea (C.-S.Y., Y.-S.J., S.-Y.L., W.P., H.-M.R., S.-J.C.); Korea Institute of Toxicology, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea (J.-H.L.); Life Science Research Center, Daewoong Pharmaceutical Company Ltd., Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea (K.-R.L.); and College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon, Republic of Korea (H.-J.M.)
| | - Suk-Jae Chung
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea (C.-S.Y., Y.-S.J., S.-Y.L., W.P., H.-M.R., S.-J.C.); Korea Institute of Toxicology, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea (J.-H.L.); Life Science Research Center, Daewoong Pharmaceutical Company Ltd., Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea (K.-R.L.); and College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon, Republic of Korea (H.-J.M.)
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Lim S, Lee KS, Lee JE, Park HS, Kim KM, Moon JH, Choi SH, Park KS, Kim YB, Jang HC. Effect of a new PPAR-gamma agonist, lobeglitazone, on neointimal formation after balloon injury in rats and the development of atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis 2015; 243:107-19. [PMID: 26363808 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2015.08.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2015] [Revised: 08/17/2015] [Accepted: 08/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The ligand-activated transcription factor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) is a key factor in adipogenesis, insulin sensitivity, and cell cycle regulation. Activated PPARγ might also have anti-inflammatory and antiatherogenic properties. We tested whether lobeglitazone, a new PPARγ agonist, might protect against atherosclerosis. METHODS A rat model of balloon injury to the carotid artery, and high-fat, high-cholesterol diet-fed apolipoprotein E gene knockout (ApoE(-/-)) mice were studied. RESULTS After the balloon injury, lobeglitazone treatment (0.3 and 0.9 mg/kg) caused a significant decrease in the intima-media ratio compared with control rats (2.2 ± 0.9, 1.8 ± 0.8, vs. 3.3 ± 1.2, P < 0.01). Consistent with this, in ApoE(-/-) mice fed a high-fat diet, lobeglitazone treatment (1, 3, and 10 mg/kg) for 8 weeks reduced atherosclerotic lesion sizes in the aorta compared with the control mice in a dose-dependent manner. Treatment of vascular smooth muscle cells with lobeglitazone inhibited proliferation and migration and blocked the cell cycle G0/G1 to S phase progression dose-dependently. In response to lobeglitazone, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα)-induced monocyte-endothelial cell adhesion was decreased by downregulating the levels of adhesion molecules. TNFα-induced nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) p65 translocation into the nucleus was also blocked in endothelial cells. Insulin resistance was decreased by lobeglitazone treatment. Circulating levels of high sensitivity C-reactive protein and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 were decreased while adiponectin levels were increased by lobeglitazone in the high-fat diet-fed ApoE(-/-) mice. CONCLUSION Lobeglitazone has antiatherosclerotic properties and has potential for treating patients with diabetes and cardiovascular risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo Lim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 300 Gumi-dong, Bundang-gu, Seongnam, 463-070, South Korea; Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 28 Yongon-Dong, Chongno-Gu, Seoul, 110-744, South Korea
| | - Kuy-Sook Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 300 Gumi-dong, Bundang-gu, Seongnam, 463-070, South Korea; Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 300 Gumi-dong, Bundang-gu, Seongnam, 463-070, South Korea
| | - Jie Eun Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 300 Gumi-dong, Bundang-gu, Seongnam, 463-070, South Korea; Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 28 Yongon-Dong, Chongno-Gu, Seoul, 110-744, South Korea
| | - Ho Seon Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 28 Yongon-Dong, Chongno-Gu, Seoul, 110-744, South Korea
| | - Kyoung Min Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 300 Gumi-dong, Bundang-gu, Seongnam, 463-070, South Korea; Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 28 Yongon-Dong, Chongno-Gu, Seoul, 110-744, South Korea
| | - Jae Hoon Moon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 300 Gumi-dong, Bundang-gu, Seongnam, 463-070, South Korea; Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 28 Yongon-Dong, Chongno-Gu, Seoul, 110-744, South Korea
| | - Sung Hee Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 300 Gumi-dong, Bundang-gu, Seongnam, 463-070, South Korea; Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 28 Yongon-Dong, Chongno-Gu, Seoul, 110-744, South Korea
| | - Kyong Soo Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 28 Yongon-Dong, Chongno-Gu, Seoul, 110-744, South Korea; Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 300 Gumi-dong, Bundang-gu, Seongnam, 463-070, South Korea
| | - Young Bum Kim
- Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 300 Gumi-dong, Bundang-gu, Seongnam, 463-070, South Korea; Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, 110-744, South Korea; Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Ave, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Hak Chul Jang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 300 Gumi-dong, Bundang-gu, Seongnam, 463-070, South Korea; Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 28 Yongon-Dong, Chongno-Gu, Seoul, 110-744, South Korea.
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Lee JH, Noh CK, Yim CS, Jeong YS, Ahn SH, Lee W, kim DD, Chung SJ. Kinetics of the Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, and Excretion of Lobeglitazone, a Novel Activator of Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma in Rats. J Pharm Sci 2015; 104:3049-59. [DOI: 10.1002/jps.24378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2014] [Revised: 12/24/2014] [Accepted: 01/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Chadha N, Bahia MS, Kaur M, Silakari O. Thiazolidine-2,4-dione derivatives: Programmed chemical weapons for key protein targets of various pathological conditions. Bioorg Med Chem 2015; 23:2953-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2015.03.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2015] [Revised: 03/26/2015] [Accepted: 03/28/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Lee JH, Son JH, Chae YJ, Ahn SH, Lee W, Kim DD, Chung SJ. Gender differences in the hepatic elimination and pharmacokinetics of lobeglitazone in rats. Biopharm Drug Dispos 2015; 36:410-415. [DOI: 10.1002/bdd.1954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2014] [Revised: 03/30/2015] [Accepted: 04/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jong-Hwa Lee
- College of Pharmacy; Seoul National University; 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu Seoul 151-742 Republic of Korea
- Korea Institute of Toxicology; 141 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu Daejeon 305-343 Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Hyeng Son
- College of Pharmacy; Seoul National University; 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu Seoul 151-742 Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon-Jee Chae
- Chong Kun Dang Research Institute; Dongbaekjukjeon-daero, Giheung-gu Yongin-si Gyeonggi-do 446-916 Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Hoon Ahn
- College of Pharmacy; Kangwon National University; 1 Kangwondaehak-ro Chuncheon Kangwon-do 200-701 Republic of Korea
| | - Wooin Lee
- College of Pharmacy; Seoul National University; 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu Seoul 151-742 Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Duk Kim
- College of Pharmacy; Seoul National University; 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu Seoul 151-742 Republic of Korea
| | - Suk-Jae Chung
- College of Pharmacy; Seoul National University; 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu Seoul 151-742 Republic of Korea
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Park MK, Kim TE, Kim J, Kim C, Yoon SH, Cho JY, Jang IJ, Yu KS, Lim KS. Tolerability and pharmacokinetics of lobeglitazone, a novel peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ agonist, after a single oral administration in healthy female subjects. Clin Drug Investig 2015; 34:467-74. [PMID: 24802657 DOI: 10.1007/s40261-014-0197-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Lobeglitazone is a recently approved peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ agonist for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus in Korea. The purpose of this study was to investigate the pharmaco kinetic properties of lobeglitazone in healthy females and to compare these with historical data in healthy males. METHODS This study was designed as a block-randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study. A single 2 or 4 mg oral dose of lobeglitazone or a placebo was randomly administered to 22 female subjects, and pharmacokinetic blood samples were obtained after dosing. Pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated by a non-compartmental method, and the results were compared with those previously obtained from male subjects. Tolerability was assessed by clinical and laboratory parameters. RESULTS During the study, a total of 28 adverse events (AEs) were observed in the lobeglitazone group (n = 16) and nine AEs in the placebo group (n = 6). Serious AEs or significant clinical changes were not observed. After oral administration, lobeglitazone was rapidly absorbed with the time to maximum plasma concentration (t(max)) ranging from 0.5 to 4.0 h. The mean (standard deviation) maximum plasma concentration (C(max)) and area under the plasma concentration-time curve from time zero to infinity (AUC(∞)) for the 2 mg dose were 214.8 (56.4) µg/L and 2,251.3 (721.2) µg·h/L, respectively, and the corresponding values for the 4 mg dose were 310.0 (47.8) µg/L and 6,942.6 (1,778.9) µg·h/L, respectively. The ratios (95 % CIs) for the geometric means (female/male) of the C(max) and AUC∞ were 1.23 (0.89-1.69) and 1.11 (0.73-1.68), respectively (2 mg), and 1.28 (1.01-1.63) and 2.36 (1.60-3.47), respectively (4 mg). CONCLUSION Lobeglitazone was well-tolerated in healthy females. There was no sex difference for systemic lobeglitazone exposure at a 2 mg dose; however, female subjects showed greater systemic exposure than males after the administration of 4 mg of lobeglitazone. In spite of the pharmacokinetic difference, dose adjustment based on sex alone is not needed in clinical use because therapy should be individualized for each patient to achieve glycemic control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Kyu Park
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Seoul National University College of Medicine and Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 110-744, Korea
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Development of a LC–MS method for quantification of FK-3000 and its application to in vivo pharmacokinetic study in drug development. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2012; 70:587-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2012.05.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2012] [Accepted: 05/22/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Kim B, Shin HS, Kim JR, Lim KS, Yoon SH, Yu KS, Shin SG, Jang IJ, Cho JY. Quantitative and Qualitative Analysis of CKD-501, Lobeglitazone, in Human Plasma and Urine Using LC–MS/MS and Its Application to a Pharmacokinetic Study. Chromatographia 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-012-2238-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Kim JW, Kim JR, Yi S, Shin KH, Shin HS, Yoon SH, Cho JY, Kim DH, Shin SG, Jang IJ, Yu KS. Tolerability and pharmacokinetics of lobeglitazone (CKD-501), a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ agonist: a single- and multiple-dose, double-blind, randomized control study in healthy male Korean subjects. Clin Ther 2011; 33:1819-30. [PMID: 22047812 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinthera.2011.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/16/2011] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lobeglitazone, a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ) agonist with partial PPAR-α affinity, was developed to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus. OBJECTIVE This study's aim was to evaluate the tolerability and pharmacokinetic (PK) properties of lobeglitazone to satisfy regulatory requirements for marketing approval in Korea. METHODS A block-randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, single- and multiple-dose study was conducted in healthy subjects. In the pilot study, 4 subjects were administered 0.5 mg, including 1 receiving a placebo. Then, the single-dose study was conducted with 1, 2, 4, and 8 mg doses (8 subjects in each group, including 2 receiving placebos), followed by the multiple-dose study with 1, 2, and 4 mg doses (once daily for 7 days; 8 subjects in each group, including 2 receiving placebos). Serial samples of blood and urine were collected and drug concentrations were determined by high turbulence liquid chromatography-LC/MS/MS. Tolerability assessments were performed throughout the study. Adverse events (AEs) were determined from general health-related questions and self-reports. RESULTS Thirty-six (mean [SD]; age, 23.6 [2.7] years; weight, 70.0 [6.9] kg) and 25 Korean male subjects (age, 23.5 [3.1] years; weight 69.4 [9.4] kg) were enrolled in the single- and multiple-dose studies, respectively. The data from subjects administered lobeglitazone who completed the study (27, single; 18, multiple) was included in the PK analyses. In the single-dose study, the AUC and C(max) of lobeglitazone increased with the dose. After repeated dosing for 7 days, the accumulation ratio ranged from 1.1 to 1.4. A total of 25 AEs were reported by 11 (30.6%) and 8 subjects (33.3%) in the single- and multiple-dose studies, respectively. All AEs were mild in intensity and not serious. CONCLUSIONS Lobeglitazone was well tolerated in this small, selected group of healthy male Korean volunteers. The AUC and C(max) of lobeglitazone increased in a dose-proportional manner from 1 to 4 mg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Won Kim
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, Seoul National University College of Medicine and Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Sadanala KC, Jung BH, Jang IJ, Chung BC. Quantitative and Comparative Analysis of Urinary Steroid Levels upon Treatment of an Anti-Diabetic Drug, CKD-501 using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL INVESTIGATION 2011. [DOI: 10.4333/kps.2011.41.1.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Use of ultra high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry to demonstrate decreased serum statin levels after extracorporeal LDL-cholesterol elimination. J Biomed Biotechnol 2010; 2011:912472. [PMID: 21076535 PMCID: PMC2975081 DOI: 10.1155/2011/912472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2010] [Revised: 09/19/2010] [Accepted: 10/13/2010] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. Using our statin analysis method, it was possible to uncover a significant drop in statin levels (atorvastatin, simvastatin, and metabolites) after extracorporeal LDL-cholesterol elimination (EE) in severe familial hypercholesterolemia (FH). The purpose of this work was to identify the mechanism underlying this drop and its clinical significance as well as to propose measures to optimize a pharmacotherapeutical regimen that can prevent the loss of statins. Methods. Ultra High Performance Liquid Chromatography (UHPLC) connected to the triple quadrupole MS/MS system was used. Patients. A group of long-term treated patients (3–12 years of treatment) with severe FH (12 patients) and treated regularly by LDL-apheresis (immunoadsorption) or haemorheopheresis (cascade filtration) were included in this study. Results. After EE, the level of statins and their metabolites decreased (atorvastatin before/after LDL-apheresis: 8.83/3.46 nmol/l; before/after haemorheopheresis: 37.02/18.94 nmol/l). A specific loss was found (concentration of atorvastatin for LDL-apheresis/haemorheopheresis: 0.28/3.04 nmol/l in washing fluids; 11.07 nmol/l in filters). To prevent substantial loss of statin concentrations, a pharmacotherapeutic regimen with a longer time interval between the dose of statins and EE is recommended (15 hours). Conclusions. A specific loss of statins was found in adsorbent columns and filters. The decrease can be prevented by the suggested dosage scheme.
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