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Faraone I, Russo D, Genovese S, Milella L, Monné M, Epifano F, Fiorito S. Screening of in vitro and in silico α-amylase, α-glucosidase, and lipase inhibitory activity of oxyprenylated natural compounds and semisynthetic derivatives. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2021; 187:112781. [PMID: 33930668 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2021.112781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome has several characteristic manifestations, including insulin resistance and dyslipidaemia, that demand therapeutic approaches, such as the inhibition of enzymes involved in nutrient absorption and digestion.This study aimed to evaluate the potential pharmacological use of natural compounds widespread in the plant kingdom and their semisynthetic compounds against target enzymes. Twenty-three oxyprenylated natural compoundswere investigated for their ability to inhibit α-amylase, α-glucosidase, and pancreatic lipase enzymes by in vitro assays. Moreover, in silico molecular docking was performed to analyse their binding capabilities into 3D structures. Farnesyloxyferulic acid, geranyloxyvanillic acid, nelumal A, and geranyloxyferulic acid showed the highest inhibition activity in all three in vitro enzyme assays. Moreover, in silico molecular docking of these four compounds was used to analyse their possible binding in 3D structures of the investigated enzymes. The results indicate that these compounds have considerable therapeutic potential for the treatment of metabolic syndrome, and further studies are warranted for their pharmacological development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Immacolata Faraone
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, via dell'Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100, Potenza, Italy; SpinoffBioActiPlant s.r.l., via dell'Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100, Potenza, Italy
| | - Daniela Russo
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, via dell'Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100, Potenza, Italy; SpinoffBioActiPlant s.r.l., via dell'Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100, Potenza, Italy
| | - Salvatore Genovese
- Department of Pharmacy, University Gabriele D'Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100, Chieti Scalo, CH, Italy
| | - Luigi Milella
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, via dell'Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100, Potenza, Italy.
| | - Magnus Monné
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, via dell'Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100, Potenza, Italy
| | - Francesco Epifano
- Department of Pharmacy, University Gabriele D'Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100, Chieti Scalo, CH, Italy.
| | - Serena Fiorito
- Department of Pharmacy, University Gabriele D'Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100, Chieti Scalo, CH, Italy
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Genovese S, Epifano F, Preziuso F, Stefanucci A, Scotti L, Bucciarelli T, di Profio P, Canale V, Fiorito S. A novel and efficient subcritical butane extraction method and UHPLC analysis of oxyprenylated phenylpropanoids from grapefruits peels. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2020; 184:113185. [PMID: 32113120 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2020.113185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Biologically active prenyoxyphenylpropanoids are well known to be biosynthesized by Citrus species, for which they have been found most abundantly in fruit peels. Although several extraction methodologies have been described, the development of novel and alternative extraction processes is a field of research of current interest. In this preliminary communication, we studied the performance of the subcritical butane promoted extraction of selected oxyprenylated phenylpropanoids from grapefruit peels under a counter-current mode using a handmade extraction apparatus coupled to UHPLC analysis. The application of such a method yielded 7-isopentenyloxycoumarin, auraptene, and boropinic acid in quantities higher than those recorded for other extraction methodologies like the ultrasound- and microwave-assisted macerations (0.234, 1.035, and 0.211 mg/g of dry extract respectively). The use of subcritical butane as the extraction solvent for oxyprenylated phenylpropanoids is reported herein for the first time and can be easily adopted for several other food matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Genovese
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti - Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100, Chieti Scalo, CH, Italy
| | - Francesco Epifano
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti - Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100, Chieti Scalo, CH, Italy.
| | - Francesca Preziuso
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti - Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100, Chieti Scalo, CH, Italy
| | - Azzurra Stefanucci
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti - Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100, Chieti Scalo, CH, Italy
| | - Luca Scotti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Orali, Mediche e Biotecnologiche, Università "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100, Chieti Scalo, CH, Italy
| | - Tonino Bucciarelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Orali, Mediche e Biotecnologiche, Università "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100, Chieti Scalo, CH, Italy
| | - Pietro di Profio
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti - Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100, Chieti Scalo, CH, Italy
| | - Valentino Canale
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti - Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100, Chieti Scalo, CH, Italy
| | - Serena Fiorito
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti - Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100, Chieti Scalo, CH, Italy
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Medicinal Plants in the Prevention and Treatment of Colon Cancer. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:2075614. [PMID: 32377288 PMCID: PMC7187726 DOI: 10.1155/2019/2075614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The standard treatment for cancer is generally based on using cytotoxic drugs, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and surgery. However, the use of traditional treatments has received attention in recent years. The aim of the present work was to provide an overview of medicinal plants effective on colon cancer with special emphasis on bioactive components and underlying mechanisms of action. Various literature databases, including Web of Science, PubMed, and Scopus, were used and English language articles were considered. Based on literature search, 172 experimental studies and 71 clinical cases on 190 plants were included. The results indicate that grape, soybean, green tea, garlic, olive, and pomegranate are the most effective plants against colon cancer. In these studies, fruits, seeds, leaves, and plant roots were used for in vitro and in vivo models. Various anticolon cancer mechanisms of these medicinal plants include induction of superoxide dismutase, reduction of DNA oxidation, induction of apoptosis by inducing a cell cycle arrest in S phase, reducing the expression of PI3K, P-Akt protein, and MMP as well; reduction of antiapoptotic Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL proteins, and decrease of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), cyclin A, cyclin D1, cyclin B1 and cyclin E. Plant compounds also increase both the expression of the cell cycle inhibitors p53, p21, and p27, and the BAD, Bax, caspase 3, caspase 7, caspase 8, and caspase 9 proteins levels. In fact, purification of herbal compounds and demonstration of their efficacy in appropriate in vivo models, as well as clinical studies, may lead to alternative and effective ways of controlling and treating colon cancer.
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Ferrone V, Genovese S, Carlucci M, Tiecco M, Germani R, Preziuso F, Epifano F, Carlucci G, Taddeo VA. A green deep eutectic solvent dispersive liquid-liquid micro-extraction (DES-DLLME) for the UHPLC-PDA determination of oxyprenylated phenylpropanoids in olive, soy, peanuts, corn, and sunflower oil. Food Chem 2017; 245:578-585. [PMID: 29287412 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.10.135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2017] [Revised: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
A green dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) using deep eutectic solvent (DES) as the extracting solvent has been developed and applied for the simultaneous quantification of ferulic acid, umbelliferone, boropinic acid, 7-isopentenyloxycoumarin, 4'-geranyloxyferulic acid (GOFA), and auraptene in some vegetable oils using ultra high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) with photodiode array detection (PDA). All parameters in the extraction step, including selection and loading of both extracting and dispersing solvents, amount of both extractant and disperser solvent were investigated and optimized. PhAA/TMG DES achieved higher recovery and enrichment factor compared to other DESs. The validated method showed good linearity with correlation coefficients, r2>0.9990 for all the analytes. Furthermore, this is the first time that eco-friendly solvents are used for the extraction of oxyprenylated phenylpropanoids and the corresponding extract analyzed with ultra high performance liquid chromatography with photodiode array detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Ferrone
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti, Pescara, via dei Vestini, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Salvatore Genovese
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti, Pescara, via dei Vestini, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Maura Carlucci
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Orali e Biotecnologiche, Università degli Studi "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti, Pescara, via dei Vestini, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Matteo Tiecco
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Biologia e Biotecnologia, Università di Perugia, via Elce di Sotto 8-I, 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Raimondo Germani
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Biologia e Biotecnologia, Università di Perugia, via Elce di Sotto 8-I, 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Francesca Preziuso
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti, Pescara, via dei Vestini, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Francesco Epifano
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti, Pescara, via dei Vestini, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Carlucci
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti, Pescara, via dei Vestini, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Vito Alessandro Taddeo
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti, Pescara, via dei Vestini, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
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Grochowski DM, Skalicka-Woźniak K, Orhan IE, Xiao J, Locatelli M, Piwowarski JP, Granica S, Tomczyk M. A comprehensive review of agrimoniin. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2017; 1401:166-180. [PMID: 28731232 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.13421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2017] [Revised: 05/25/2017] [Accepted: 06/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Plant tannins are a unique class of polyphenols with relatively high molecular weights. Within the ellagitannins group, agrimoniin--dimeric ellagitannin--is one of the most representative compounds found in many plant materials belonging to the Rosaceae family. Agrimoniin was first isolated in 1982 from roots of Agrimonia pilosa Ledeb. (Rosaceae), a plant traditionally used in Japan and China as an antidiarrheal, hemostatic, and antiparasitic agent. Agrimoniin is a constituent of medicinal plants, which are often applied orally in the form of infusions, decoctions, or tinctures. It is also present in commonly consumed food products, such as strawberries and raspberries. It is metabolized by human gut microbiota into a series of low-molecular-weight urolithins with proven anti-inflammatory and anticancer in vivo and in vitro bioactivities. The compound has received widespread interest owing to some interesting biological effects and therapeutic activities, which we elaborate in the present review. Additionally, we present an overview of the techniques used for the analysis, isolation, and separation of agrimoniin from the practical perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel M Grochowski
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Krystyna Skalicka-Woźniak
- Department of Pharmacognosy with Medicinal Plant Unit, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Ilkay Erdogan Orhan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Jianbo Xiao
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau.,College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Marcello Locatelli
- Department of Pharmacy, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Jakub P Piwowarski
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Molecular Basis of Phytotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Sebastian Granica
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Molecular Basis of Phytotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michał Tomczyk
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
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Locatelli M, Zengin G, Uysal A, Carradori S, De Luca E, Bellagamba G, Aktumsek A, Lazarova I. Multicomponent pattern and biological activities of seven Asphodeline taxa: potential sources of natural-functional ingredients for bioactive formulations. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2016; 32:60-67. [PMID: 27774819 PMCID: PMC6010134 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2016.1235041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The current study was carried out to evaluate multicomponent pattern, biological and enzymatic activities of seven Asphodeline taxa root extracts as useful ingredients, due to the fact that these plants are commonly used as traditional food supplements in Turkish regions. The extracts were characterized for free anthraquinones and phenolics to obtain a specific chemical fingerprint useful for quality control. These analyzes were coupled to biological and enzymatic activities in order to obtain comprehensive information of the natural product. Free anthraquinones and phenolics were determined using validated HPLC-PDA methods. Antioxidant properties were determined by different procedures including free radical scavenging, reducing power, phosphomolybdenum and metal chelating assays. Ames assay was performed to evaluate mutagenic/antimutagenic properties. Enzyme inhibitory activities were tested against cholinesterase, tyrosinase, α-amylase and α-glucosidase. From the herein reported results, Asphodeline could be valuable for the production of bioactive products or food supplements for cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcello Locatelli
- a Department of Pharmacy , University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara , Chieti , Italy.,b Interuniversity Consortium of Structural and Systems Biology , Rome , Italy
| | - Gokhan Zengin
- c Science Faculty, Department of Biology , Selcuk University , Konya , Turkey
| | - Ahmet Uysal
- d Deparment of Medicinal Laboratory, Vocational School of Health Services , Selcuk University , Turkey
| | - Simone Carradori
- a Department of Pharmacy , University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara , Chieti , Italy
| | - Elisa De Luca
- a Department of Pharmacy , University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara , Chieti , Italy
| | - Giuseppe Bellagamba
- a Department of Pharmacy , University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara , Chieti , Italy
| | | | - Irina Lazarova
- e Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy , Medical University of Sofia , Bulgaria
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Okuyama S, Semba T, Toyoda N, Epifano F, Genovese S, Fiorito S, Taddeo VA, Sawamoto A, Nakajima M, Furukawa Y. Auraptene and Other Prenyloxyphenylpropanoids Suppress Microglial Activation and Dopaminergic Neuronal Cell Death in a Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Model of Parkinson's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17101716. [PMID: 27763495 PMCID: PMC5085747 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17101716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Revised: 09/28/2016] [Accepted: 10/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
In patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD), hyperactivated inflammation in the brain, particularly microglial hyperactivation in the substantia nigra (SN), is reported to be one of the triggers for the delayed loss of dopaminergic neurons and sequential motor functional impairments. We previously reported that (1) auraptene (AUR), a natural prenyloxycoumain, suppressed inflammatory responses including the hyperactivation of microglia in the ischemic brain and inflamed brain, thereby inhibiting neuronal cell death; (2) 7-isopentenyloxycoumarin (7-IP), another natural prenyloxycoumain, exerted anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects against excitotoxicity; and (3) 4′-geranyloxyferulic acid (GOFA), a natural prenyloxycinnamic acid, also exerted anti-inflammatory effects. In the present study, using an intranigral lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced PD-like mouse model, we investigated whether AUR, 7-IP, and GOFA suppress microglial activation and protect against dopaminergic neuronal cell death in the SN. We successfully showed that these prenyloxyphenylpropanoids exhibited these prospective abilities, suggesting the potential of these compounds as neuroprotective agents for patients with PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Okuyama
- Department of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University, 4-2 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8578, Japan.
| | - Tomoki Semba
- Department of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University, 4-2 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8578, Japan.
| | - Nobuki Toyoda
- Department of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University, 4-2 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8578, Japan.
| | - Francesco Epifano
- Department of Pharmacy, University "G. D'Annunzio", Chieti-Pescara Via dei Vestini 31, Chieti Scalo 66100, Italy.
| | - Salvatore Genovese
- Department of Pharmacy, University "G. D'Annunzio", Chieti-Pescara Via dei Vestini 31, Chieti Scalo 66100, Italy.
| | - Serena Fiorito
- Department of Pharmacy, University "G. D'Annunzio", Chieti-Pescara Via dei Vestini 31, Chieti Scalo 66100, Italy.
| | - Vito Alessandro Taddeo
- Department of Pharmacy, University "G. D'Annunzio", Chieti-Pescara Via dei Vestini 31, Chieti Scalo 66100, Italy.
| | - Atsushi Sawamoto
- Department of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University, 4-2 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8578, Japan.
| | - Mitsunari Nakajima
- Department of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University, 4-2 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8578, Japan.
| | - Yoshiko Furukawa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University, 4-2 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8578, Japan.
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Development of Chromatographic Fingerprints of Eurycoma longifolia (Tongkat Ali) Roots Using Online Solid Phase Extraction-Liquid Chromatography (SPE-LC). Molecules 2016; 21:molecules21050583. [PMID: 27144555 PMCID: PMC6274446 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21050583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2016] [Revised: 04/26/2016] [Accepted: 04/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
E. longifolia is attracting interest due to its pharmacological properties and pro-vitality effects. In this study, an online SPE-LC approach using polystyrene divinyl benzene (PSDVB) and C18 columns was developed in obtaining chromatographic fingerprints of E. longifolia. E. longifolia root samples were extracted using pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) technique prior to online SPE-LC. The effects of mobile phase compositions and column switching time on the chromatographic fingerprint were optimized. Validation of the developed method was studied based on eurycomanone. Linearity was in the range of 5 to 50 µg∙mL(-1) (r² = 0.997) with 3.2% relative standard deviation of peak area. The developed method was used to analyze 14 E. longifolia root samples and 10 products (capsules). Selected chemometric techniques: cluster analysis (CA), discriminant analysis (DA), and principal component analysis (PCA) were applied to the fingerprint datasets of 37 selected peaks to evaluate the ability of the chromatographic fingerprint in classifying quality of E. longifolia. Three groups were obtained using CA. DA yielded 100% correlation coefficient with 19 discriminant compounds. Using PCA, E. longifolia root samples were clearly discriminated from the products. This study showed that the developed online SPE-LC method was able to provide comprehensive evaluation of E. longifolia samples for quality control purposes.
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Taddeo VA, Epifano F, Fiorito S, Genovese S. A novel oxyprenylated metabolite in Citrus paradisi Macfad. seeds extract. BIOCHEM SYST ECOL 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bse.2014.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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10
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Genovese S, Fiorito S, Locatelli M, Carlucci G, Epifano F. Analysis of biologically active oxyprenylated ferulic acid derivatives in Citrus fruits. PLANT FOODS FOR HUMAN NUTRITION (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2014; 69:255-260. [PMID: 24928688 DOI: 10.1007/s11130-014-0427-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
4'-Geranyloxyferulic (GOFA) and boropinic acid have been discovered during the last decade as interesting phytochemicals having valuable pharmacological effects as cancer chemopreventive, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, and anti-Helicobacter pylori agents. A reverse-phase HPLC-UV/Vis method for the separation and quantification of the title oxyprenylated ferulic acid derivatives in extracts obtained from peels of nine edible Citrus and Fortunella fruits was successfully applied. Concentration values showed a great variation between the different species, being orange (C. sinensis) the fruit richest in GOFA (0.141 ± 0.011 mg/g of exocarp fresh weight) and kumquat (Fortunella japonica) the one in which boropinic acid was recorded as the most abundant phytochemical (0.206 ± 0.002 mg/g of exocarp fresh weight). Both secondary metabolites were not detected only in three species. The set-up methodology showed limits of quantification (LOQ) values, that were able to selectively quantify both GOFA and boropinic acid. Results described herein depict a potential chemopreventive dietary feeding role for the Rutaceae spp. under investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Genovese
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100, Chieti Scalo, (CH), Italy,
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11
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Epifano F, Fiorito S, Genovese S. Phytochemistry and pharmacognosy of the genus Acronychia. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2013; 95:12-18. [PMID: 23920228 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2013.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2013] [Revised: 07/11/2013] [Accepted: 07/16/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The genus Acronychia (Rutaceae) comprise 44 species, most of which are represented by shrubs and small trees, distributed in a wide geographical area of South-Eastern Asia comprising China, India, Malaysia, Indonesia, Australia, and the islands of the western Pacific Ocean. Most of the species of the genus Acronychia have been used for centuries as natural remedies in the ethnomedical traditions of indigenous populations as anti-microbial, anti-fungal, anti-spasmodic, stomachic, anti-pyretic, and anti-haemorragic agent. Moreover fruits and aerial parts are used as food in salads and condiments, while the essential oil obtained from flowers and leaves has been employed in cosmetics production. Phytochemicals isolated from Acronychia spp. include acetophenones, quinoline and acridone alkaloids, flavonoids, cinnamic acids, lignans, coumarins, steroids, and triterpenes. The reported biological activities of the above mentioned natural compounds refer to anti-plasmodial, anti-cancer, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-fungal, and neuroprotective effects. The aim of this review is to examine in detail from a phytochemical and pharmacologically point of view what is reported in the current literature about the properties of phytopreparations or individual active principles obtained from plants belonging to the Acronychia genus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Epifano
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università "G. D'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66013 Chieti Scalo (CH), Italy.
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Amelioration of oxidative stress induced by oxidative mutagens and COX-2 inhibitory activity of umbelliferone isolated from Glycyrrhiza glabra L. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s2221-1691(12)60141-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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13
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Bruyère C, Genovese S, Lallemand B, Ionescu-Motatu A, Curini M, Kiss R, Epifano F. Growth inhibitory activities of oxyprenylated and non-prenylated naturally occurring phenylpropanoids in cancer cell lines. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2011; 21:4174-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2011.05.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2011] [Revised: 05/22/2011] [Accepted: 05/24/2011] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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