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Ntorkou M, Tsanaktsidou E, Chachlioutaki K, Fatouros DG, Markopoulou CK. In Vitro Permeability Study of Homotaurine Using a High-Performance Liquid Chromatography with Fluorescence Detection Pre-Column Derivatization Method. Molecules 2023; 28:7086. [PMID: 37894565 PMCID: PMC10609320 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28207086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Homotaurine (HOM) is considered a promising drug for the treatment of Alzheimer's and other neurodegenerative diseases. In the present work, a new high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection (HPLC-FLD) (λex. = 340 nm and λem. = 455 nm) method was developed and validated for the study of substance permeability in the central nervous system (CNS). Analysis was performed on a RP-C18 column with a binary gradient elution system consisting of methanol-potassium phosphate buffer solution (pH = 7.0, 0.02 M) as mobile phase. Samples of homotaurine and histidine (internal standard) were initially derivatized with ortho-phthalaldehyde (OPA) (0.01 M), N-acetylcysteine (0.01 M) and borate buffer (pH = 10.5; 0.05 M). To ensure the stability and efficiency of the reaction, the presence of different nucleophilic reagents, namely (a) 2-mercaptoethanol (2-ME), (b) N-acetylcysteine (NAC), (c) tiopronin (Thiola), (d) 3-mercaptopropionic acid (3-MPA) and (e) captopril, was investigated. The method was validated (R2 = 0.9999, intra-day repeatability %RSD < 3.22%, inter-day precision %RSD = 1.83%, limits of detection 5.75 ng/mL and limits of quantification 17.43 ng/mL, recovery of five different concentrations 99.75-101.58%) and successfully applied to investigate the in vitro permeability of homotaurine using Franz diffusion cells. The apparent permeability (Papp) of HOM was compared with that of memantine, which is considered a potential therapeutic drug for various CNSs. Our study demonstrates that homotaurine exhibits superior permeability through the simulated blood-brain barrier compared to memantine, offering promising insights for enhanced drug delivery strategies targeting neurological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianna Ntorkou
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Department of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (M.N.); (E.T.)
| | - Eleni Tsanaktsidou
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Department of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (M.N.); (E.T.)
| | - Konstantina Chachlioutaki
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (K.C.); (D.G.F.)
| | - Dimitrios G. Fatouros
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (K.C.); (D.G.F.)
| | - Catherine K. Markopoulou
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Department of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (M.N.); (E.T.)
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Bai C, Zhou X, Yu L, Wu A, Yang L, Chen J, Tang X, Zou W, Wu J, Zhu L. A Rapid and Sensitive UHPLC-MS/MS Method for Determination of Chlorogenic Acid and Its Application to Distribution and Neuroprotection in Rat Brain. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:178. [PMID: 37259330 PMCID: PMC9964875 DOI: 10.3390/ph16020178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Chlorogenic acid (5-CQA) is a phenolic natural product that has been reported to improve neurobehavioral disorders and brain injury. However, its pharmacokinetics and distribution in the rat brain remain unclear. In this study, we established a rapid and sensitive UHPLC-MS/MS method for the determination of 5-CQA in rat plasma, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and brain tissue to investigate whether it could pass through the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and its distribution in the rat brain, and a Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) strain paralysis assay was used to investigate the neuroprotective effect of 5-CQA in different brain tissues. Chromatographic separation of 5-CQA and glycyrrhetinic acid (GA, used as internal standard) was completed in 0.5 min, and the full run time was maintained at 4.0 min. Methodological validation results presented a high accuracy (95.69-106.81%) and precision (RSD ≤ 8%), with a lower limit of quantification of 1.0 ng/mL. Pharmacokinetic results revealed that 5-CQA can pass through the BBB into the CSF, but the permeability of BBB to 5-CQA (ratio of mean AUC0-∞ of CSF to plasma) was only approximately 0.29%. In addition, 5-CQA can penetrate into the rat brain extensively and is distributed with different intensities in different nuclei. A C. elegans strain paralysis assay indicated that the neuroprotective effect of 5-CQA is positively correlated with its content in different brain tissues. In conclusion, our study for the first time explored the BBB pass rate and brain tissue distribution of 5-CQA administered via the tail vein by the UHPLC-MS/MS method and investigated the potential main target area of 5-CQA for neuroprotection, which could provide a certain basis for the treatment of nervous system-related diseases of 5-CQA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chongfei Bai
- Department of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Xiaogang Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Lu Yu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
- Key Medical Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Druggability Evaluation, Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Anguo Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
- Key Medical Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Druggability Evaluation, Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
- Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Le Yang
- Chengdu Analytical Applications Center, Shimadzu (China) Co., Ltd., Chengdu 610023, China
| | - Jianping Chen
- School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xue Tang
- Chengdu Analytical Applications Center, Shimadzu (China) Co., Ltd., Chengdu 610023, China
| | - Wenjun Zou
- Department of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Jianming Wu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
- Key Medical Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Druggability Evaluation, Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
- Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Linjie Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
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Shivananjegowda MG, Hani U, Osmani RAM, Alamri AH, Ghazwani M, Alhamhoom Y, Rahamathulla M, Paranthaman S, Gowda DV, Siddiqua A. Development and Evaluation of Solid Lipid Nanoparticles for the Clearance of Aβ in Alzheimer's Disease. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15010221. [PMID: 36678849 PMCID: PMC9861776 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15010221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 12/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Aggregation of Amyloid-β (Aβ) leads to the formation and deposition of neurofibrillary tangles and plaques which is the main pathological hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The bioavailability of the drugs and their capability to cross the BBB plays a crucial role in the therapeutics of AD. The present study evaluates the Memantine Hydrochloride (MeHCl) and Tramiprosate (TMPS) loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) for the clearance of Aβ on SHSY5Y cells in rat hippocampus. Molecular docking and in vitro Aβ fibrillation were used to ensure the binding of drugs to Aβ. The in vitro cell viability study showed that the M + T SLNs showed enhanced neuroprotection against SHSY5Y cells than the pure drugs (M + T PD) in presence of Aβ (80.35µM ± 0.455 µM) at a 3:1 molar ratio. The Box-Behnken Design (BBD) was employed to optimize the SLNs and the optimized M + T SLNs were further characterized by %drug entrapment efficiency (99.24 ± 3.24 of MeHCl and 89.99 ± 0.95 of TMPS), particle size (159.9 ± 0.569 nm), PDI (0.149 ± 0.08), Zeta potential (-6.4 ± 0.948 mV), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) and in vitro drug release. The TEM & AFM analysis showed irregularly spherical morphology. In vitro release of SLNs was noted up to 48 h; whereas the pure drugs released completely within 3 hrs. M + T SLNs revealed an improved pharmacokinetic profile and a 4-fold increase in drug concentration in the brain when compared to the pure drug. Behavioral tests showed enhanced spatial memory and histological studies confirmed reduced Aβ plaques in rat hippocampus. Furthermore, the levels of Aβ decreased in AlCl3-induced AD. Thus, all these noted results established that the M + T SLNs provide enhanced neuroprotective effects when compared to pure and individual drugs and can be a promising therapeutic strategy for the management of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Umme Hani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Riyaz Ali M. Osmani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru 570015, India
| | - Ali H. Alamri
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Ghazwani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yahya Alhamhoom
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Rahamathulla
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sathishbabu Paranthaman
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, Sri Devaraj Urs Medical College, Sri Devaraj Urs Academy of Higher Education and Research, Kolar 563101, India
| | | | - Ayesha Siddiqua
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia
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Mehdinia A, Rostami S, Dadkhah S, Fumani NS. Simultaneous screening of homotaurine and taurine in marine macro-algae using liquid chromatography–fluorescence detection. JOURNAL OF THE IRANIAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s13738-017-1150-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Nageswara Rao R, Sravan B, Ramakrishna K, Saida S, Padiya R. Precolumn o
-Phthalaldehyde-N
-acetyl-L-cysteine Derivatization Followed by RP-HPLC Separation and Fluorescence Detection of Sitagliptin Enantiomers in Rat Plasma. Chirality 2013; 25:883-9. [DOI: 10.1002/chir.22229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2013] [Revised: 07/06/2013] [Accepted: 07/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. Nageswara Rao
- Analytical Chemistry Division, Discovery Laboratory; Indian Institute of Chemical Technology; Tarnaka Hyderabad India
| | - B. Sravan
- Analytical Chemistry Division, Discovery Laboratory; Indian Institute of Chemical Technology; Tarnaka Hyderabad India
| | - K. Ramakrishna
- Analytical Chemistry Division, Discovery Laboratory; Indian Institute of Chemical Technology; Tarnaka Hyderabad India
| | - Shaik Saida
- Analytical Chemistry Division, Discovery Laboratory; Indian Institute of Chemical Technology; Tarnaka Hyderabad India
| | - Raju Padiya
- Pharmacology Division; Indian Institute of Chemical Technology; Tarnaka Hyderabad India
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Experimental design in chromatography: A tutorial review. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2012; 910:2-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2012.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 292] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2011] [Revised: 01/03/2012] [Accepted: 01/19/2012] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Chen G, Li J, Zhang S, Song C, Li G, Sun Z, Suo Y, You J. A sensitive and efficient method to systematically detect two biophenols in medicinal herb, herbal products and rat plasma based on thorough study of derivatization and its convenient application to pharmacokinetics with semi-automated device. J Chromatogr A 2012; 1249:190-200. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2012.06.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2012] [Revised: 06/10/2012] [Accepted: 06/11/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Chen G, Li J, Song C, Suo Y, You J. A sensitive and efficient method for simultaneous trace detection and identification of triterpene acids and its application to pharmacokinetic study. Talanta 2012; 98:101-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2012.06.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2012] [Revised: 06/10/2012] [Accepted: 06/20/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Nageswara Rao R, Guru Prasad K, Gangu Naidu C, Maurya PK. Development of a validated liquid chromatographic method for determination of related substances of telmisartan in bulk drugs and formulations. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2011; 56:471-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2011.05.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2011] [Revised: 05/28/2011] [Accepted: 05/30/2011] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Rao RN, Maurya PK, Kuntamukkala R, Vitthal WD, Talluri MVNK. Molecularly imprinted polymer for selective extraction of 3-methylflavone-8-carboxylic acid from human urine followed by its determination using zwitterionic hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography. J Sep Sci 2011; 34:3265-71. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201100560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2011] [Revised: 08/19/2011] [Accepted: 08/22/2011] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Rao RN, Maurya PK, Khalid S. Development of a molecularly imprinted polymer for selective extraction followed by liquid chromatographic determination of sitagliptin in rat plasma and urine. Talanta 2011; 85:950-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2011.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2011] [Revised: 04/30/2011] [Accepted: 05/03/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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