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Rebak AS, Hendriks IA, Elsborg JD, Buch-Larsen SC, Nielsen CH, Terslev L, Kirsch R, Damgaard D, Doncheva NT, Lennartsson C, Rykær M, Jensen LJ, Christophorou MA, Nielsen ML. A quantitative and site-specific atlas of the citrullinome reveals widespread existence of citrullination and insights into PADI4 substrates. Nat Struct Mol Biol 2024; 31:977-995. [PMID: 38321148 PMCID: PMC11189309 DOI: 10.1038/s41594-024-01214-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Despite the importance of citrullination in physiology and disease, global identification of citrullinated proteins, and the precise targeted sites, has remained challenging. Here we employed quantitative-mass-spectrometry-based proteomics to generate a comprehensive atlas of citrullination sites within the HL60 leukemia cell line following differentiation into neutrophil-like cells. We identified 14,056 citrullination sites within 4,008 proteins and quantified their regulation upon inhibition of the citrullinating enzyme PADI4. With this resource, we provide quantitative and site-specific information on thousands of PADI4 substrates, including signature histone marks and transcriptional regulators. Additionally, using peptide microarrays, we demonstrate the potential clinical relevance of certain identified sites, through distinct reactivities of antibodies contained in synovial fluid from anti-CCP-positive and anti-CCP-negative people with rheumatoid arthritis. Collectively, we describe the human citrullinome at a systems-wide level, provide a resource for understanding citrullination at the mechanistic level and link the identified targeted sites to rheumatoid arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra S Rebak
- Proteomics Program, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ivo A Hendriks
- Proteomics Program, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jonas D Elsborg
- Proteomics Program, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sara C Buch-Larsen
- Proteomics Program, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Claus H Nielsen
- Institute for Inflammation Research, Center for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lene Terslev
- Copenhagen Center for Arthritis Research, Center for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Rebecca Kirsch
- Disease Systems Biology Program, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Dres Damgaard
- Institute for Inflammation Research, Center for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nadezhda T Doncheva
- Disease Systems Biology Program, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Caroline Lennartsson
- Proteomics Program, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Martin Rykær
- Proteomics Program, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lars J Jensen
- Disease Systems Biology Program, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Michael L Nielsen
- Proteomics Program, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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2
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Xu Z, Zhang W, Deng C, Sun N. Zwitterionic mesoporous engineering aids peptide-dependent pattern profiling for identification of different liver diseases. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:11081-11084. [PMID: 37641812 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc03231k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Liver disease remains a global health challenge, with its incidence steadily increasing worldwide. Herein, zwitterionic mesoporous engineering was developed for the identification of different liver diseases including liver cirrhosis and liver cancer. Based on this engineering, a total of 2633 m/z signals were observed to be enriched. Notably, three key peptides were identified and showed high accuracy and precision for distinguishing the healthy and disease states, propelling the field of nanomedicine toward genuine personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixing Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Zhongshan Hospital, and Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Wantong Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Zhongshan Hospital, and Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Chunhui Deng
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Zhongshan Hospital, and Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Nianrong Sun
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Zhongshan Hospital, and Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
- Shanghai Institute of Liver Diseases, Shanghai 200032, China
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3
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Ru Z, Zhang H, Huang X, Lou J, Liao J, Chen Z, Yang X. A new pattern of citrullinated peptides improves the sensitivity for diagnosing rheumatoid arthritis. Clin Biochem 2022; 105-106:87-93. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2022.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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4
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Deng X, Zeng M, Wang X, Liu J, Ma Y, Wang X, Xu L. Preparation and characterization of cyclic citrullinated peptide-immobilized latex beads for measurement of anti-citrillinated protein antibody through latex particle-enhanced turbidimetric immunoassay. J Chromatogr A 2021; 1642:462000. [PMID: 33684874 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2021.462000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The anti-citrillinated protein antibody (ACPA) plays an important role in early diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and is usually detected by using cyclic citrullinated peptide (CCP) as antigen. The ACPA against CCP test is usually performed utilizing enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), but the ELISA is expensive and time-consuming. Here, latex particle-enhanced turbidimetric immunoassay (LTIA) based on CCP-immobilized latex bead was proposed for fast measurements of ACPA of RA patients. CCP-immobilized latex bead was fabricated through three methods, including direct coupling, overall coupling and layer by layer coupling. According to the optimized experiments, layer-by-layer coupling was the best method with advantages of time-saving, simple operation and good repeatability. In addition, a spacer arm of appropriate length between latex beads and CCP could avoid stereoscopic obstacles and make ACPA closer to CCP. The CCP-immobilized latex bead based on layer by layer coupling (CCP-LB-LLC) was used for assembling the homemade kit, which was applied in fast measurements of ACPA through LTIA. The homemade kit possessed a low limit of detection (0.2 U/mL) and an acceptable the batch-to-batch reproducibility. In addition, the homemade kit can be stored at 4 °C for at least one month. When used to detect 20 clinical samples, the results of homemade kit were consistent with commercial ELISA. Furthermore, LTIA based on the homemade kit was simpler and cheaper than ELISA. These results demonstrated that the homemade kit could be useful for diagnosis of RA patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiyan Deng
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnosis, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, PR China
| | - Min Zeng
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnosis, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, PR China
| | - Xuan Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnosis, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, PR China
| | - Jiyang Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical College, Tianjin, 300222, PR China
| | - Yuanchun Ma
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnosis, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, PR China
| | - Xianhua Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnosis, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, PR China.
| | - Liang Xu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnosis, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, PR China; School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical College, Tianjin, 300222, PR China.
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5
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Khorasani S, Boroumand N, Ghaeni Pasavei A, Sahebari M, Hashemy SI. A Study on Association Between Protein Carbonyl and Anti-cyclic Citrullinated Peptide Antibody in Rheumatoid Arthritis: Introducing a New Supplementary Biomarker. Indian J Clin Biochem 2020; 35:347-352. [PMID: 32647413 DOI: 10.1007/s12291-019-00823-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Redox state and immune mechanisms are two major factors implicated in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Regarding some limitations of anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (anti-CCP) antibody in RA diagnosis, recruiting another strong marker of oxidative stress could lead to more definitive diagnosis. To evaluate the potential of protein carbonyl content as a supplementary biomarker for RA. Eighty patients with RA attending the Research Center from 2015 to 2016 were recruited in this study. Smoker and alcoholic subjects, or those with any other systemic illness were excluded from the study. Demographic information and clinical data were collected. Numbers of swollen and tender joints were determined and RA disease activity was assessed. Serum samples were used for assessing protein carbonyl level, platelet count, and anti-CCP antibody values. Statistical analyses for significant differences were performed according to parametric (Student t test) and nonparametric (Mann-Whitney test) tests. The correlation was determined by Pearson coefficient. There was a significant correlation between protein carbonyl levels and anti-CCP antibodies in active RA (p value = 0.01), but not in remission phase (p value = 0.28). A significant positive correlation was observed between protein carbonyl levels and platelets count in active RA (p value = 0.001), but not in remission phase (p value = 0.85). Protein carbonyl could be considered as a future cost-effective supplementary biomarker, alongside anti-CCP antibody, in active RA diagnosis as it showed a significant positive correlation with anti-CCP antibody and platelet, two major mediators in the disease pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Khorasani
- Immunology Research Centre, Bu-Ali Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Nadia Boroumand
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Abdolmomen Ghaeni Pasavei
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Maryam Sahebari
- Rheumatic Disease Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed Isaac Hashemy
- Surgical Oncology Research Centre, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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6
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Surface Display Technology for Biosensor Applications: A Review. SENSORS 2020; 20:s20102775. [PMID: 32414189 PMCID: PMC7294428 DOI: 10.3390/s20102775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Surface display is a recombinant technology that expresses target proteins on cell membranes and can be applied to almost all types of biological entities from viruses to mammalian cells. This technique has been used for various biotechnical and biomedical applications such as drug screening, biocatalysts, library screening, quantitative assays, and biosensors. In this review, the use of surface display technology in biosensor applications is discussed. In detail, phage display, bacterial surface display of Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, and eukaryotic yeast cell surface display systems are presented. The review describes the advantages of surface display systems for biosensor applications and summarizes the applications of surface displays to biosensors.
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7
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Synovial Fluid Cell Proteomic Analysis Identifies Upregulation of Alpha-Taxilin Proteins in Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Potential Prognostic Marker. J Immunol Res 2020; 2020:4897983. [PMID: 32377534 PMCID: PMC7195675 DOI: 10.1155/2020/4897983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune inflammatory disease affecting the joints and surrounding tissue. Identification of novel proteins associated with the progression of a disease is a prerequisite for understanding the pathogenesis of RA. The present study was undertaken to identify the potential biomarkers from a less explored biological sample such as synovial fluid (SF) cells which is specific for RA and to analyze their functional aspects using proteomic approach. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) was performed using synovial fluid cells of RA and osteoarthritis (OA) patients, and 7 differentially expressed proteins were identified using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS/MS). Αlpha-Taxilin (α-Taxilin) has been found as one of the novel, significantly up regulated protein in RA. It has been validated in the synovium, synovial fluid (SF), SF cells, and plasma samples by Western blot, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS), immunohistochemistry (IHC), and real-time PCR. The identification of autoantibody against α-Taxilin and in silico studies has further helped us to understand its involvement in disease mechanism. The present study will therefore provide knowledge towards the etiology of RA that pave the way for suitable prognostic marker identification along with other clinical parameters.
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8
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Pan JX, Xia JJ, Deng FL, Liang WW, Wu J, Yin BM, Dong MX, Chen JJ, Ye F, Wang HY, Zheng P, Xie P. Diagnosis of major depressive disorder based on changes in multiple plasma neurotransmitters: a targeted metabolomics study. Transl Psychiatry 2018; 8:130. [PMID: 29991685 PMCID: PMC6039504 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-018-0183-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Revised: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a debilitating psychiatric illness. However, there is currently no objective laboratory-based diagnostic tests for this disorder. Although, perturbations in multiple neurotransmitter systems have been implicated in MDD, the biochemical changes underlying the disorder remain unclear, and a comprehensive global evaluation of neurotransmitters in MDD has not yet been performed. Here, using a GC-MS coupled with LC-MS/MS-based targeted metabolomics approach, we simultaneously quantified the levels of 19 plasma metabolites involved in GABAergic, catecholaminergic, and serotonergic neurotransmitter systems in 50 first-episode, antidepressant drug-naïve MDD subjects and 50 healthy controls to identify potential metabolite biomarkers for MDD (training set). Moreover, an independent sample cohort comprising 49 MDD patients, 30 bipolar disorder (BD) patients and 40 healthy controls (testing set) was further used to validate diagnostic generalizability and specificity of these candidate biomarkers. Among the 19 plasma neurotransmitter metabolites examined, nine were significantly changed in MDD subjects. These metabolites were mainly involved in GABAergic, catecholaminergic and serotonergic systems. The GABAergic and catecholaminergic had better diagnostic value than serotonergic pathway. A panel of four candidate plasma metabolite biomarkers (GABA, dopamine, tyramine, kynurenine) could distinguish MDD subjects from health controls with an AUC of 0.968 and 0.953 in the training and testing set, respectively. Furthermore, this panel distinguished MDD subjects from BD subjects with high accuracy. This study is the first to globally evaluate multiple neurotransmitters in MDD plasma. The altered plasma neurotransmitter metabolite profile has potential differential diagnostic value for MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Xi Pan
- 0000 0000 8653 0555grid.203458.8Department of Neurology, Yongchuan Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 402460 China ,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Chongqing, 400016 China ,0000 0000 8653 0555grid.203458.8Institute of Neuroscience and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016 China ,0000 0000 8653 0555grid.203458.8The M.O.E. Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics, the College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016 China
| | - Jin-Jun Xia
- 0000 0000 8653 0555grid.203458.8Department of Neurology, Yongchuan Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 402460 China ,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Chongqing, 400016 China ,0000 0000 8653 0555grid.203458.8Institute of Neuroscience and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016 China ,0000 0000 8653 0555grid.203458.8The M.O.E. Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics, the College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016 China
| | - Feng-Li Deng
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Chongqing, 400016 China ,0000 0000 8653 0555grid.203458.8Institute of Neuroscience and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016 China
| | - Wei-Wei Liang
- 0000 0000 8653 0555grid.203458.8Department of Neurology, Yongchuan Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 402460 China ,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Chongqing, 400016 China ,0000 0000 8653 0555grid.203458.8Institute of Neuroscience and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016 China
| | - Jing Wu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Chongqing, 400016 China ,0000 0000 8653 0555grid.203458.8Institute of Neuroscience and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016 China
| | - Bang-Min Yin
- 0000 0000 8653 0555grid.203458.8Department of Neurology, Yongchuan Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 402460 China ,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Chongqing, 400016 China ,0000 0000 8653 0555grid.203458.8Institute of Neuroscience and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016 China
| | - Mei-Xue Dong
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Chongqing, 400016 China ,0000 0000 8653 0555grid.203458.8Institute of Neuroscience and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016 China ,grid.452206.7Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jian-Jun Chen
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Chongqing, 400016 China ,0000 0000 8653 0555grid.203458.8Institute of Neuroscience and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016 China
| | - Fei Ye
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Chongqing, 400016 China ,0000 0000 8653 0555grid.203458.8Institute of Neuroscience and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016 China ,grid.452206.7Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hai-Yang Wang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Chongqing, 400016 China ,0000 0000 8653 0555grid.203458.8Institute of Neuroscience and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016 China
| | - Peng Zheng
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Chongqing, 400016, China. .,Institute of Neuroscience and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China. .,Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Peng Xie
- Department of Neurology, Yongchuan Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 402460, China. .,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Chongqing, 400016, China. .,Institute of Neuroscience and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
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9
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Nguyen BT, Park M, Yoo YS, Kang MJ. Capillary electrophoresis-laser-induced fluorescence (CE-LIF)-based immunoassay for quantifying antibodies against cyclic citrullinated peptides. Analyst 2018; 143:3141-3147. [DOI: 10.1039/c8an00714d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
CE-LIF based immunoassay to quantify antibodies against cyclic citrullinated peptides in rheumatoid arthritis patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binh Thanh Nguyen
- Molecular Recognition Research Center
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST)
- Seoul 02792
- Korea
- Division of Bio-Medical Science and Technology (Biological Chemistry)
| | - Min Park
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- Hallym University
- Chuncheon-si
- Korea
- Integrative Materials Research Institute
| | - Young Sook Yoo
- Molecular Recognition Research Center
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST)
- Seoul 02792
- Korea
| | - Min-Jung Kang
- Molecular Recognition Research Center
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST)
- Seoul 02792
- Korea
- Division of Bio-Medical Science and Technology (Biological Chemistry)
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10
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Park CE. Comparison of the Usefulness of Diagnostic Tests for Rheumatoid Arthritis. KOREAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL LABORATORY SCIENCE 2015. [DOI: 10.15324/kjcls.2015.47.4.168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Eun Park
- Deptartment Biomedical Laboratory Science, Namseoul University, Cheonan 31020, Korea
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