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Zhang C, Zhang Y, Liu B, Chen Y, Xie Y, Huang H, Liu Z, He Z. Proteome and Metabolome Profiling of Anticoagulant Disorders Induced by Familial Protein S Deficiency. J Proteome Res 2024; 23:4538-4552. [PMID: 39265992 PMCID: PMC11460325 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.4c00399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2024] [Revised: 08/30/2024] [Accepted: 09/05/2024] [Indexed: 09/14/2024]
Abstract
Protein S deficiency (PSD) is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by congenital thrombophilia. Studies on PSD are limited yet, resulting in a lack of clarity about molecular changes during abnormal coagulation. Proteomics and metabolomics analyses were conducted on the plasma of PSD patients based on liquid and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC- and GC-MS). Differential proteins and metabolites of PSD were then filtered by univariate statistical analysis and subjected to network analysis using the ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA) platform. The proteome and metabolome of PSD were obviously disturbed, and the biological pathway of coagulation and complement cascades was the most affected. During PSD, overall levels of anticoagulant protein decreased and negative regulation of thrombin production was reduced, causing the formation of fibrin clots and platelet aggregation. Furthermore, 9 differential proteins correlated significantly with protein S, comprising A2M, AGT, APOE, FGG, GPLD1, IGHV1-69, CFHR5, CPN2, and CA1. The biological networks suggested that the pathways of acute phase response, FXR/RXR activation, serotonin receptor signaling, and p70S6K signaling were associated with PSD, indicating an interaction disorder of inflammatory immune and lipid metabolism. The findings may contribute to knowledge of available functional molecules and biological pathways of familial PSD and help with treatment improvement. Data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD055111 and MetaboLights with reference number MTBLS2653.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caiping Zhang
- Guangdong
Provincial Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research of Chinese
Medicines, Joint International Research Laboratory of Translational
Cancer Research of Chinese Medicines, International Institute for
Translational Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Yimin Zhang
- Guangdong
Provincial Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research of Chinese
Medicines, Joint International Research Laboratory of Translational
Cancer Research of Chinese Medicines, International Institute for
Translational Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Binjie Liu
- Guangdong
Provincial Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research of Chinese
Medicines, Joint International Research Laboratory of Translational
Cancer Research of Chinese Medicines, International Institute for
Translational Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Yongxv Chen
- Guangdong
Provincial Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research of Chinese
Medicines, Joint International Research Laboratory of Translational
Cancer Research of Chinese Medicines, International Institute for
Translational Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Yue Xie
- Department
of Pharmacy, Shenzhen Bao’an Traditional
Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen 518133, China
| | - Huiting Huang
- Department
of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese
Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510403, China
| | - Zhongqiu Liu
- Guangdong
Provincial Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research of Chinese
Medicines, Joint International Research Laboratory of Translational
Cancer Research of Chinese Medicines, International Institute for
Translational Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Zhuoru He
- Guangdong
Provincial Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research of Chinese
Medicines, Joint International Research Laboratory of Translational
Cancer Research of Chinese Medicines, International Institute for
Translational Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
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Chen SY, Chen YC, Liu TY, Chang KC, Chang SS, Wu N, Lee Wu D, Dunlap RK, Chan CJ, Yang JS, Liao CC, Tsai FJ. Novel Genes Associated With Atrial Fibrillation and the Predictive Models for AF Incorporating Polygenic Risk Score and PheWAS-Derived Risk Factors. Can J Cardiol 2024:S0828-282X(24)00851-1. [PMID: 39142603 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2024.07.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2024] [Revised: 07/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atrial fibrillation (AF), the most common atrial arrhythmia, presents with varied clinical manifestations. Despite the identification of genetic loci associated with AF, particularly in specific populations, research within Asian ethnicities remains limited. In this study we aimed to develop predictive models for AF using AF-associated single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from a genome-wide association study (GWAS) on a substantial cohort of Taiwanese individuals, to evaluate the predictive efficacy of the model. METHODS There were 75,121 subjects, that included 5694 AF patients and 69,427 normal control subjects with GWAS data, and we merged polygenic risk scores from AF-associated SNPs with phenome-wide association study-derived risk factors. Advanced statistical and machine learning techniques were used to develop and evaluate AF predictive models for discrimination and calibration. RESULTS The study identified the top 30 significant SNPs associated with AF, predominantly on chromosomes 10 and 16, implicating genes like NEURL1, SH3PXD2A, INA, NT5C2, STN1, and ZFHX3. Notably, INA, NT5C2, and STN1 were newly linked to AF. The GWAS predictive power using polygenic risk score-continuous shrinkage analysis for AF exhibited an area under the curve of 0.600 (P < 0.001), which improved to 0.855 (P < 0.001) after adjusting for age and sex. Phenome-wide association study analysis showed the top 10 diseases associated with these genes were circulatory system diseases. CONCLUSIONS Integrating genetic and phenotypic data enhanced the accuracy and clinical relevance of AF predictive models. The findings suggest promise for refining AF risk assessment, enabling personalized interventions, and reducing AF-related morbidity and mortality burdens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Yin Chen
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Genetics Center, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chia Chen
- Million-Person Precision Medicine Initiative, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Yuan Liu
- Million-Person Precision Medicine Initiative, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Cheng Chang
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Sheng Chang
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ning Wu
- Department of Biological Sciences, Southeastern Oklahoma State University, Durant, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Donald Lee Wu
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Tulsa, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Rylee Kay Dunlap
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Oklahoma State University Center for Health Sciences, Tulsa, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Chia-Jung Chan
- Genetics Center, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jai-Sing Yang
- Genetics Center, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chi Chou Liao
- Genetics Center, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Fuu-Jen Tsai
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Genetics Center, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Medical Genetics, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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Chen YC, Huang CM, Liu TY, Wu N, Chan CJ, Shih PY, Chen HH, Chen SY, Tsai FJ. Effects of Human Leukocyte Antigen DRB1 Genetic Polymorphism on Anti-Cyclic Citrullinated Peptide (ANTI-CCP) and Rheumatoid Factor (RF) Expression in Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) Patients. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12036. [PMID: 37569411 PMCID: PMC10418683 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic disease characterized by non-infectious inflammation of the joints and surrounding tissues, which can cause severe health problems, affect the patient's daily life, and even cause death. RA can be clinically diagnosed by the occurrence of blood serological markers, rheumatoid factor (RF) and anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody (anti-CCP). However, about 20% of RA patients exhibit negative results for both markers, which makes RA diagnosis difficult and, therefore, may delay the effective treatment. Previous studies found some evidence that human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-related genes might be the susceptibility genes for RA and their polymorphisms might contribute to varieties of susceptibility and disease severity. This study aimed for the genetic polymorphisms of the RA patient genome and their effects on the RA patient's serological makers, RF and anti-CCP. A total of 4580 patients' electronic medical records from 1992 to 2020 were retrieved from the China Medical University Hospital database. The most representative single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified through a genome-wide association study (GWAS) followed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) validation using the blood from 30 additional RA patients. The results showed significant changes at the position of chromosome 6 with rs9270481 being the most significant locus, which indicated the location of the HLA-DRB1 gene. Further, patients with the CC genotype at this locus were more likely to exhibit negative results for RF and anti-CCP than those with the TT genotype. The C allele was also more likely to be associated with negative results for RF and anti-CCP. The results demonstrated that a genetic polymorphism at rs9270481 affected the expression of RF and anti-CCP in RA patients, which might indicate the necessity to develop a personalized treatment plan for each individual patient based on the genetic profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chia Chen
- Million-Person Precision Medicine Initiative, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan; (Y.-C.C.); (T.-Y.L.)
| | - Chung-Ming Huang
- Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan;
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Yuan Liu
- Million-Person Precision Medicine Initiative, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan; (Y.-C.C.); (T.-Y.L.)
| | - Ning Wu
- Department of Biological Sciences, Southeastern Oklahoma State University, Durant, OK 74701, USA;
| | - Chia-Jung Chan
- Genetics Center, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan; (C.-J.C.); (P.-Y.S.)
| | - Peng-Yu Shih
- Genetics Center, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan; (C.-J.C.); (P.-Y.S.)
| | - Hsin-Han Chen
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan;
| | - Shih-Yin Chen
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
- Genetics Center, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan; (C.-J.C.); (P.-Y.S.)
| | - Fuu-Jen Tsai
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
- Genetics Center, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan; (C.-J.C.); (P.-Y.S.)
- Department of Medical Genetics, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan
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Serum Metabolomics and Proteomics to Study the Antihypertensive Effect of Protein Extracts from Tenebrio molitor. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14163288. [PMID: 36014793 PMCID: PMC9413627 DOI: 10.3390/nu14163288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypertension is the leading risk factor for premature death worldwide and significantly contributes to the development of all major cardiovascular disease events. The management of high blood pressure includes lifestyle changes and treatment with antihypertensive drugs. Recently, it was demonstrated that a diet supplemented with Tenebrio molitor (TM) extracts is useful in the management of numerous pathologies, including hypertension. This study is aimed at unveiling the underlying mechanism and the molecular targets of intervention of TM dietary supplementation in hypertension treatment by means of proteomics and metabolomics techniques based on liquid chromatography coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry. We demonstrate that serum proteome and metabolome of spontaneously hypertensive rats are severely altered with respect to their normotensive counterparts. Additionally, our results reveal that a diet enriched with TM extracts restores the expression of 15 metabolites and 17 proteins mainly involved in biological pathways associated with blood pressure maintenance, such as the renin–angiotensin and kallikrein–kinin systems, serin protease inhibitors, reactive oxygen scavenging, and lipid peroxidation. This study provides novel insights into the molecular pathways that may underlie the beneficial effects of TM, thus corroborating that TM could be proposed as a helpful functional food supplement in the treatment of hypertension.
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Gao L, Kong X, Wu W, Feng Z, Zhi H, Zhang Z, Long H, Lei M, Hou J, Wu W, Guo DA. Dissecting the Regulation of Arachidonic Acid Metabolites by Uncaria rhynchophylla (Miq). Miq. in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats and the Predictive Target sEH in the Anti-Hypertensive Effect Based on Metabolomics and Molecular Docking. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:909631. [PMID: 35712719 PMCID: PMC9196077 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.909631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Uncariarhynchophylla (Miq). Miq. (UR), as a traditional Chinese medicine, was employed in treating hypertension as a safe and effective therapy. The pharmacological properties of UR have characteristics of multiple biological targets and multiple functional pathways. Hypertension is related to impaired metabolic homeostasis and is especially associated with the abnormal regulation of arachidonic acid metabolites, the classical cardiovascular active compounds. This study aimed to examine the anti-hypertensive effect of UR extract (URE) and its regulating role in differential metabolic pathways. The results showed that daily administration of URE at a dose of 4 g crude drug/kg orally could exert hypotensive effects on spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) for 8 weeks. Non-targeted metabolomics analysis of the plasma samples suggested that the anti-hypertension effect of URE in SHRs was associated with the reorganization of the perturbed metabolic network, such as the pathways of glycerophospholipid metabolism, linoleic acid metabolism, and arachidonic acid metabolism. For the targeted metabolomics, twenty-eight arachidonic acid metabolites in SHRs were quantitatively analyzed for the first time based on ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method after URE administration. URE restored the functions of these cardiovascular active compounds and rebalanced the dynamics of arachidonic acid metabolic flux. Among them, the inhibition of soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) enzyme activity and up-regulation of vasodilators epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) were identified as contributors to the anti-hypertension effect of URE on SHRs, and sEH represented an attractive and promising drug-binding target of URE. With the molecular docking approach, 13 potential anti-hypertension ingredients as well as sEH inhibitors were discovered, which were worthy of further investigation and verification in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Gao
- National Engineering Laboratory for TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xinqin Kong
- National Engineering Laboratory for TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wenyong Wu
- National Engineering Laboratory for TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Zijin Feng
- National Engineering Laboratory for TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Haijuan Zhi
- National Engineering Laboratory for TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Zijia Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Huali Long
- National Engineering Laboratory for TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Lei
- National Engineering Laboratory for TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinjun Hou
- National Engineering Laboratory for TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Jinjun Hou, ; Wanying Wu,
| | - Wanying Wu
- National Engineering Laboratory for TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Jinjun Hou, ; Wanying Wu,
| | - De-an Guo
- National Engineering Laboratory for TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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Hong SM, Chen W, Feng J, Dai D, Shen N. Novel Mutations in ACP5 and SAMHD1 in a Patient With Pediatric Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:885006. [PMID: 35633950 PMCID: PMC9136231 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.885006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The study of genetic predisposition to pediatric systemic lupus erythematosus (pSLE) has brought new insights into the pathophysiology of SLE, as it is hypothesized that genetic predisposition is greater in children. Furthermore, identifying genetic variants and linking disrupted genes to abnormal immune pathways and clinical manifestations can be beneficial for both diagnosis and treatment. Here, we identified genetic alterations in a patient with childhood-onset SLE and analyzed the immunological mechanisms behind them to support future diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment. METHODS Whole exome sequencing (WES) was adopted for genetic analysis of a patient with childhood-onset SLE. Gene mutations were confirmed by Sanger sequencing. Clinical data of this patient were collected and summarized. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis was used to provide interacting genes of the perturbed genes. Online Enrichr tool and Cytoscape software were used to analysis the related pathways of these genes. RESULTS We present a case of a 2-year-old girl who was diagnosed with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) and SLE. The patient was characterized by cutaneous bleeding spots on both lower extremities, thrombocytopenia, decreased serum complements levels, increased urinary red blood cells, and positive ANA and dsDNA. The patient was treated with methylprednisolone and mycophenolate, but clinical remission could not be achieved. The genomic analysis identified three novel mutations in this pSLE patient, a double-stranded missense mutation in ACP5 (c.1152G>T and c.420G>A) and a single-stranded mutation in SAMHD1 (c.1423G>A). Bioinformatic analysis showed that these two genes and their interacting genes are enriched in the regulation of multiple immune pathways associated with SLE, including cytokine signaling and immune cell activation or function. Analysis of the synergistic regulation of these two genes suggests that abnormalities in the type I interferon pathway caused by genetic variants may contribute to the pathogenesis of SLE. CONCLUSION The combined complexity of polymorphisms in the coding regions of ACP5 and SAMHD1 influences the susceptibility to SLE. Alterations in these genes may lead to abnormalities in the type I interferon pathway. Our study extends the spectrum of mutations in the ACP5 and SAMHD1 genes. The identification of these mutations could aid in the diagnosis of SLE with genetic counseling and suggest potential precise treatments for specific pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soon-Min Hong
- Shanghai Institute of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiaqi Feng
- Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dai Dai
- Shanghai Institute of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Nan Shen
- Shanghai Institute of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Shenzhen Futian Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Shenzhen, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, School of Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology (CAGE) and Divisions of Rheumatology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States.,Joint Research Laboratory for Rheumatology of Shenzhen University Health Science Center and Shenzhen Futian Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Shenzhen, China
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Dai M, Li S, Shi Q, Xiang X, Jin Y, Wei S, Zhang L, Yang M, Song C, Huang R, Jin S. Changes in Triterpenes in Alismatis rhizoma after Processing Based on Targeted Metabolomics Using UHPLC-QTOF-MS/MS. Molecules 2021; 27:molecules27010185. [PMID: 35011422 PMCID: PMC8747029 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27010185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Alismatis rhizoma (AR) has been used as an herbal medicine in China for over a thousand years. Crude AR, salt-processed AR (SAR), and bran-processed AR (BAR) are recorded in the Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China. However, the differences of chemical composition between crude AR and its processing products remain limited. In this study, triterpenes were identified from crude AR, SAR, and BAR by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight-mass spectrometer (UHPLC-QTOF-MS/MS). Subsequently, the differences of triterpenes between the crude AR and processed ARs were compared via a targeted metabolomics approach. Finally, a total of 114 triterpenes were identified, of which 83, 100, and 103 triterpenes were found in crude AR, SAR, and BAR, respectively. After salt-processing, there were 17 triterpenes newly generated, 7 triterpenes with trends of increasing, and 37 triterpenes decreased. Meanwhile, 56 triterpenes including 21 newly generated and 35 with significant increases were observed in BAR. This study could be benefit to investigate the processing mechanism of AR, as well as support their clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengxiang Dai
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, 16 Huangjiahu West Road, Wuhan 430065, China; (M.D.); (Q.S.); (X.X.); (Y.J.); (C.S.)
| | - Sen Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China;
| | - Qingxin Shi
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, 16 Huangjiahu West Road, Wuhan 430065, China; (M.D.); (Q.S.); (X.X.); (Y.J.); (C.S.)
| | - Xingliang Xiang
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, 16 Huangjiahu West Road, Wuhan 430065, China; (M.D.); (Q.S.); (X.X.); (Y.J.); (C.S.)
| | - Yuehui Jin
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, 16 Huangjiahu West Road, Wuhan 430065, China; (M.D.); (Q.S.); (X.X.); (Y.J.); (C.S.)
| | - Sha Wei
- College of Basic Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, 16 Huangjiahu West Road, Wuhan 430065, China; (S.W.); (L.Z.); (M.Y.)
| | - Lijun Zhang
- College of Basic Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, 16 Huangjiahu West Road, Wuhan 430065, China; (S.W.); (L.Z.); (M.Y.)
| | - Min Yang
- College of Basic Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, 16 Huangjiahu West Road, Wuhan 430065, China; (S.W.); (L.Z.); (M.Y.)
| | - Chengwu Song
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, 16 Huangjiahu West Road, Wuhan 430065, China; (M.D.); (Q.S.); (X.X.); (Y.J.); (C.S.)
| | - Rongzeng Huang
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, 16 Huangjiahu West Road, Wuhan 430065, China; (M.D.); (Q.S.); (X.X.); (Y.J.); (C.S.)
- Correspondence: (R.H.); (S.J.)
| | - Shuna Jin
- College of Basic Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, 16 Huangjiahu West Road, Wuhan 430065, China; (S.W.); (L.Z.); (M.Y.)
- Correspondence: (R.H.); (S.J.)
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Yu Z, Wang L, Wu S, Xue W, Zhao W, Li J. Potential mechanisms of the anti-hypertensive effects of RVPSL on spontaneously hypertensive rats using non-targeted serum metabolomics. Food Funct 2021; 12:8561-8569. [PMID: 34337639 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo01546j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The study aimed to investigate potential mechanisms for the anti-hypertensive effects of RVPSL on spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) using a non-targeted metabonomic approach. In this study, UPLC/MS-based non-targeted metabolomics was performed to discover metabolite variation of serum in SHRs with RVPSL treatment. As a result, the serum metabolites of SHRs that were administered RVPSL for four weeks exhibited distinct alterations. Nine potential biomarkers, i.e., choline, adenosine, adrenic acid, L-tryptophan, niacinamide, glycocholic acid, propiolic acid, D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate, and phosphoglycolic acid, were significantly altered, which were mainly involved in lipid metabolism, vitamin and amino acid metabolism, purine metabolism, the MAPK signaling pathway, and the renin-angiotensin system. This study suggested that RVPSL potentially exerted potent effects of alleviating hypertension in the SHRs mainly via integrated regulations of metabolism and production of choline, L-tryptophan, nicotinamide, and adenosine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhipeng Yu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Bohai University, Jinzhou 121013, P. R. China.
| | - Li Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Bohai University, Jinzhou 121013, P. R. China.
| | - Sijia Wu
- Lab of Nutrition and Functional Food, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, P. R. China
| | - Wenjun Xue
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Bohai University, Jinzhou 121013, P. R. China.
| | - Wenzhu Zhao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Bohai University, Jinzhou 121013, P. R. China.
| | - Jianrong Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Bohai University, Jinzhou 121013, P. R. China.
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He Z, Liu Z, Gong L. Biomarker identification and pathway analysis of rheumatoid arthritis based on metabolomics in combination with ingenuity pathway analysis. Proteomics 2021; 21:e2100037. [PMID: 33969925 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.202100037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a common autoimmune and inflammatory disease worldwide, but understanding its pathogenesis is still limited. In this study, plasma untargeted metabolomics of a discovery cohort and targeted analysis of a verification cohort were performed by gas chromatograph mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Univariate and multivariate statistical analysis were utilized to reveal differential metabolites, followed by the construction of biomarker panel through random forest (RF) algorithm. The pathways involved in RA were enriched by differential metabolites using Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) suite. Untargeted metabolomics revealed eighteen significantly altered metabolites in RA. Among these metabolites, a three-metabolite marker panel consisting of L-cysteine, citric acid and L-glutamine was constructed, using random forest algorithm that could predict RA with high accuracy, sensitivity and specificity based on a multivariate exploratory receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. The panel was further validated by support vector machine (SVM) and partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) algorithms, and also verified with targeted metabolomics using a verification cohort. Additionally, the dysregulated taurine biosynthesis pathway in RA was revealed by an integrated analysis of metabolomics and transcriptomics. Our findings in this study not only provided a mechanism underlying RA pathogenesis, but also offered alternative therapeutic targets for RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuoru He
- International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, PR China
| | - Zhongqiu Liu
- International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, PR China
| | - Lingzhi Gong
- International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, PR China
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10
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Zheng Y, He Z, Kong Y, Huang X, Zhu W, Liu Z, Gong L. Combined Metabolomics with Transcriptomics Reveals Important Serum Biomarkers Correlated with Lung Cancer Proliferation through a Calcium Signaling Pathway. J Proteome Res 2021; 20:3444-3454. [PMID: 34056907 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.0c01019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer (LC) is one of the most malignant cancers in the world, but currently, it lacks effective noninvasive biomarkers to assist its early diagnosis. Our study aims to discover potential serum diagnostic biomarkers for LC. In our study, untargeted serum metabolomics of a discovery cohort and targeted analysis of a test cohort were performed based on gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Both univariate and multivariate statistical analyses were employed to screen for differential metabolites between LC and healthy control (HC), followed by the selection of candidate biomarkers through multiple algorithms. The results showed that 15 metabolites were significantly dysregulated between LC and HC, and a panel, comprising cholesterol, oleic acid, myo-inositol, 2-hydroxybutyric acid, and 4-hydroxybutyric acid, was demonstrated to have excellent differentiating capability for LC based on multiple classification modelings. In addition, the molecular interaction analysis combined with transcriptomics revealed a close correlation between the candidate biomarkers and LC proliferation via a Ca2+ signaling pathway. Our study discovered that cholesterol, oleic acid, myo-inositol, 2-hydroxybutyric acid, and 4-hydroxybutyric acid in combination could be a promising diagnostic biomarker for LC, and most importantly, our results will shed some light on the pathophysiological mechanism underlying LC to understand it deeply. The data that support the findings of this study are openly available in MetaboLights at https://www.ebi.ac.uk/metabolights/, reference number MTBLS1517.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zheng
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, PR China
| | - Zhuoru He
- International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, PR China
| | - Yu Kong
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Resources, Shanghai Chenshan Plant Science Research Centre, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden, Shanghai 201602, PR China
| | - Xinjie Huang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, PR China
| | - Wei Zhu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, PR China
| | - Zhongqiu Liu
- International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, PR China
| | - Lingzhi Gong
- International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, PR China
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11
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Deng Y, Huang C, Su J, Pan CW, Ke C. Identification of biomarkers for essential hypertension based on metabolomics. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2021; 31:382-395. [PMID: 33495028 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2020.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
AIM Essential hypertension (EH) is one of the most important public health problems worldwide. However, the pathogenesis of EH is unclear and early diagnostic methods are lacking. Metabolomics demonstrates great potential for biomarker discovery and the mechanistic exploration of metabolic diseases. DATA SYNTHESIS This review included human and animal metabolomics studies related to EH in the PubMed and Web of Science databases between February 1996 and May 2020. The study designs, EH standards, and reported metabolic biomarkers were systematically examined and compared. The pathway analysis was conducted through the online software MetaboAnalyst 4.0. Twenty-two human studies and fifteen animal studies were included in this systematic review. There were many frequently reported biomarkers with consistent trends (e.g., pyruvate, lactic acid, valine, and tryptophan) in human and animal studies, and thus had potential as biomarkers of EH. In addition, several shared metabolic pathways, including alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolism, aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis, and arginine biosynthesis, were identified in human and animal metabolomics studies. These biomarkers and pathways, closely related to insulin resistance, the inflammatory state, and impaired nitric oxide production, were demonstrated to contribute to EH development. CONCLUSIONS This study summarized valuable metabolic biomarkers and pathways that could offer opportunities for the early diagnosis or prediction of EH and the discovery of the metabolic mechanisms of EH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueting Deng
- Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, PR China
| | - Chen Huang
- Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, PR China
| | - Jingyue Su
- Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, PR China
| | - Chen-Wei Pan
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou, 215123, PR China.
| | - Chaofu Ke
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou, 215123, PR China.
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12
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Wang L, Li S, Li J, Cheng Z, Feng Y, Ouyang H, Du Z, Jiang H. Comprehensive metabolic profiling of Alismatis Rhizoma triterpenes in rats based on characteristic ions and a triterpene database. J Pharm Anal 2021; 11:96-107. [PMID: 33717616 PMCID: PMC7930639 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2020.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2019] [Revised: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Alismatis Rhizoma (AR) is widely used in Chinese medicine, and its major bioactive components, triterpenes, reportedly possess various pharmacological activities. Therefore, it is very important to study the metabolism of triterpenes in vivo. However, the metabolism of AR triterpene extract has not been comprehensively elucidated due to its complex chemical components and metabolic pathways. In this study, an ultra-performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry method, which was based on the characteristic ions from an established database of known triterpenes, was used to analyze the major metabolites in rats following the oral administration of Alismatis Rhizoma extracts (ARE). As a result, a total of 233 constituents, with 85 prototype compounds and 148 metabolites, were identified for the first time. Hydrogenation, oxidation, sulfate and glucuronidation conjugation were the major metabolic pathways for triterpenes in AR. In addition, the mutual in vivo transformation of known ARE triterpenes was discovered and confirmed for the first time. Those results provide comprehensive insights into the metabolism of AR in vivo, which will be useful for future studies on its pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics. Moreover, this established strategy may be useful in metabolic studies of similar compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Wang
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Sen Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiaxin Li
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhongzhe Cheng
- School of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Yulin Feng
- Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Hui Ouyang
- Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Zhifeng Du
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongliang Jiang
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Sun M, Wang H, Gong L, Qi D, Wang X, Li Y, Jiang H. A novel time-dimension and circadian rhythm-dependent strategy for pharmacodynamic evaluation of Uncaria in the regulation of neurotransmitter circadian metabolic homeostasis in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 131:110704. [PMID: 32916538 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, we aimed to use metabolomics platforms to examine circadian-regulated neurotransmitters across a 24-h day and the effects of Uncaria administration on daily rhythmicity in order to establish a strategy for evaluating the spatiotemporal efficacy evaluation strategy of Uncaria. By using targeted ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry metabolomics, we quantified 32 neurotransmitter metabolites every 4 h over 24 h. To assess 24-h metabolite rhythmicity, we performed cosinor analysis. The expression of hypothalamic rhythm genes was detected by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Data revealed circadian loss of many neurotransmitters during the entire circadian cycle in the serum of group M, indicating that hypertension causes circadian rhythm disorders. Cosinor analysis of the rhythmic oscillations of the levels of 32 neurotransmitters in the three groups showed that the metabolite rhythms peaked at approximately the same time of day (ZT4 and ZT16). Moreover, the amplitudes of the metabolite rhythms were altered. After treatment with Uncaria, the amplitudes of 13 neurotransmitters reverted to normal. The change trends in the hypothalamic rhythm genes confirmed the rhythm changes in neurotransmitters. Collectively, a novel pharmacodynamic evaluation strategy was established to dynamically observe the holistic effects of Uncaria on 32 circulating neurotransmitters within 24 h from the perspective of time dimension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengjia Sun
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China
| | - Huanjun Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China
| | - Lili Gong
- Experiment Center, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China; Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Classical Theory, Ministry of Education, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, PR China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Basic Research, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, PR China
| | - Dongmei Qi
- Experiment Center, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China; Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Classical Theory, Ministry of Education, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, PR China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Basic Research, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, PR China
| | - Xiaoming Wang
- Experiment Center, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China; Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Classical Theory, Ministry of Education, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, PR China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Basic Research, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, PR China.
| | - Yunlun Li
- TCM Clinical Research Base for Hypertension, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250011, China.
| | - Haiqiang Jiang
- Experiment Center, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China; Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Classical Theory, Ministry of Education, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, PR China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Basic Research, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, PR China.
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Study on the Antihypertensive Mechanism of Astragalus membranaceus and Salvia miltiorrhiza Based on Intestinal Flora-Host Metabolism. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2019; 2019:5418796. [PMID: 31428172 PMCID: PMC6679867 DOI: 10.1155/2019/5418796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Our previous studies have shown that the combination of Astragalus membranaceus and Salvia miltiorrhiza (HD) had a good antihypertensive effect, but its potential mechanism remained unclear. This study aimed to investigate the role of intestinal flora and serum metabolism induced by HD against hypertension. 16 spontaneous hypertensive rats (SHRs) were divided into HD group (5.9 g/kg) and model group (M) (normal saline), with eight Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats as control group (W) (normal saline). Rats were fed by gavage once a day for 28 days. The changes of intestinal flora and serum metabolism were analyzed by 16S rDNA sequencing and LC-MS/MS assay. HD decreased blood pressure steadily, improved the structure and composition of imbalance flora in SHRs, increased the abundance and diversity of flora, and decreased flora Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes (F/B) ratio. Rumen bacterium NK4A214, Clostridium sp. MC 40 increased remarkably in M group. Akkermansia, Akkermansia muciniphila, and Lactobacillus intestinalis increased significantly in HD group, which were functionally related to the significant increase of Lachnoclostridium, Faecalibaculum, and Lactobacillus reuteri in W group, which were all probiotics producing butyric acid, lactic acid, and regulating inflammation and other antihypertensive related factors. HD also changed the serum metabolic pattern of SHRs. 16 potential biomarkers related to inflammation, vasodilation, steroid hormones, oxidative stress, and etc. changed significantly, mainly enriched in arachidonic acid metabolism, tryptophan metabolism, steroid hormone biosynthesis, and glutathione metabolism. The correlation analysis demonstrated that the dominant genius and species in three groups were highly correlated with steroid hormone biosynthesis, arachidonic acid metabolism, tryptophan metabolism, and vitamin B6 metabolism. Our research indicated that HD had a good antihypertensive effect, which may be driven by the protective intestinal flora and beneficial metabolites induced by it, and the metabolites were closely related to the changes of intestinal flora. It provided new insights for the antihypertensive mechanism of HD.
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15
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Yang M, Lao L. Emerging Applications of Metabolomics in Traditional Chinese Medicine Treating Hypertension: Biomarkers, Pathways and More. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:158. [PMID: 30906260 PMCID: PMC6418033 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypertension is a prevalent, complex, and polygenic cardiovascular disease, which is associated with increased mortality and morbidity. Across the world, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) constituted by herbal medicine and non-pharmacological therapies is used to assist blood pressure management. Though widely accepted in daily practice, its mechanism remains largely unknown. Recent years saw a number of studies utilizing metabolomics technologies to elucidate the biological foundation of the antihypertensive effect of TCM. Metabolomics is a relatively "young" omics approach that has gained enormous attention recently in cardiovascular drug discovery and pharmacology studies of natural products. In this review, we described the use of metabolomics in deciphering TCM diagnostic codes for hypertension and in revealing molecular events that drive the antihypertensive effect. By corroborating the diagnostic rules, there's accumulating evidence showing that metabolic profile could be the signature of different syndromes/patterns of hypertension, which offers new perspectives for disease diagnosis and efficacy optimization. Moreover, TCM treatment significantly altered the metabolic perturbations associated with hypertension, which could be a crucial mechanism of the therapeutic effect of TCM. Not only significantly rebalances the dynamics of metabolic flux, TCM but also elicits metabolic network reorganization through restoring the functions of key metabolites, and metabolic pathways. The role of TCM in regulating metabolic perturbations will be informative to researchers seeking new leads for drug discovery. This review further envisioned the promises of employing metabolomics to explore network pharmacology, host-gut microbiota interactions and metabolic reprogramming in TCM, and possible herb-drug interactions in this field in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingxiao Yang
- School of Chinese Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Department of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lixing Lao
- School of Chinese Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Department of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
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16
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Tai Y, Zou F, Zhang Q, Wang J, Rao R, Xie R, Wu S, Chu K, Xu W, Li X, Huang M. Quantitative Analysis of Eight Triterpenoids and Two Sesquiterpenoids in Rhizoma Alismatis by Using UPLC-ESI/APCI-MS/MS and Its Application to Optimisation of Best Harvest Time and Crude Processing Temperature. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL METHODS IN CHEMISTRY 2019; 2019:8320171. [PMID: 31485369 PMCID: PMC6710727 DOI: 10.1155/2019/8320171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/14/2019] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Rhizoma Alismatis (RA), widely known as "Ze-Xie" in China, is the tuber of Alisma orientale (Sam.) Juzep (Alismaceae), a Chinese herbal medicine that has been used to treat hyperlipidemia, diabetes, hypertension, dysuria, and inflammation. In this study, a sensitive and reliable method based on an ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) couple with two ionisation modes, including electrospray ionisation (ESI) and atmospheric pressure chemical ionisation (APCI) tandem mass spectrometry (MS), namely, UPLC-ESI/APCI-MS/MS was developed and validated to simultaneously determine 8 triterpenoids (ESI mode) and 2 sesquiterpenoids (APCI mode) in RA. Ten marker compounds were analysed with a Waters' CORTECS UPLC C18 column (200 mm × 2.1 m, 1.6 μm) and gradient elution with water (contained 0.1% formic) and acetonitrile within 7 min. The established method was validated for linearity, intra- and interday precisions, accuracy, recovery, and stability. The calibration curve for 10 marker compounds showed good linear regression (r > 0.9971). The limits of detection and quantification for analytes were 0.14-1.67 ng/mL and 0.44-5.65 ng/mL, respectively. The relative standard deviations (RSD, %) and accuracy (RE, %) of intra- and interday precisions were less than 3.83% and 1.21% and 3.22% and 1.46%, repeatability and stability for real samples were less than 2.78% and 3.19%, respectively. All recoveries of the 10 marker compounds ranged from 97.24% to 102.49% with RSDs less than 4.05%. The developed method efficiently determined the 10 marker compounds in RA and was subsequently applied to optimise harvest time and crude processing temperature. The result indicated the 90% wilted phase and 70°C (or lower) may be the best harvest time and the processing temperature of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanni Tai
- College of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China
- Centre of Biomedical Research & Development, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Fuxian Zou
- College of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China
- Centre of Biomedical Research & Development, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Qiurong Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Jia Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Ronghui Rao
- Nanping Institute of Agricultural Sciences of Fujian Province, Jianyang 354200, Fujian, China
| | - Ruihua Xie
- College of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Shuisheng Wu
- College of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Kedan Chu
- College of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China
- Centre of Biomedical Research & Development, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Wen Xu
- College of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China
- Centre of Biomedical Research & Development, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Xiaoyan Li
- College of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Mingqing Huang
- College of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China
- Centre of Biomedical Research & Development, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China
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17
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Li K, He Z, Wang X, Pineda M, Chen R, Liu H, Ma K, Shen H, Wu C, Huang N, Pan T, Liu Y, Guo J. Apigenin C-glycosides of Microcos paniculata protects lipopolysaccharide induced apoptosis and inflammation in acute lung injury through TLR4 signaling pathway. Free Radic Biol Med 2018; 124:163-175. [PMID: 29890216 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2017] [Revised: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) and its more severe form acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) are life-threatening conditions with high morbility and mortality, underscoring the urgent need for novel treatments. Leaves of the medicinal herb Microcos paniculata have been traditionally used for treating upper airway infections, by virtue of its content of flavonoids such as apigenin C-glycosides (ACGs). C-glycosides have been shown to exert strong anti-inflammatory properties, although their mechanism of action remains unknown. Herein, hypothesizing that ACGs from M. paniculata inhibit progression of ALI, we used the experimental model of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ALI in BALB/c mice to evaluate the therapeutic potential of purified ACGs. Our results showed that M. paniculata ACGs inhibited lung inflammation in animals undergoing ALI. The protective effects of ACGs were assessed by determination of cytokine levels and in situ analysis of lung inflammation. ACGs reduced the pulmonary edema and microvascular permeability, demonstrating a dose-dependent down-regulation of LPS-induced TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β expression in lung tissue and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, along with reduced apoptosis. Moreover, metabolic profiling of mice serum and subsequent Ingenuity Pathway Analysis suggested that ACGs activated protective protein networks and pathways involving inflammatory regulators and apoptosis-related factors, such as JNK, ERK1/2 and caspase-3/7, suggesting that ACGs-dependent effects were related to MAPKs and mitochondrial apoptosis pathways. These results were further supported by evaluation of protein expression, showing that ACGs blocked LPS-activated phosphorylation of p38, ERK1/2 and JNK on the MAPKs signaling, and significantly upregulated the expression of Bcl-2 whilst down-regulated Bax and cleaved caspase-3. Remarkably, ACGs inhibited the LPS-dependent TLR4 and TRPC6 upregulation observed during ALI. Our study shows for the first time that ACGs inhibit acute inflammation and apoptosis by suppressing activation of TLR4/TRPC6 signaling pathway in a murine model of ALI. Our findings provide new evidence for better understanding the anti-inflammatory effects of ACGs. In this regard, ACGs could be exploited in the development of novel therapeutics for ALI and ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunping Li
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Institute of Chinese Medicinal Sciences, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, 280 East Road, Outer Ring, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhuoru He
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Institute of Chinese Medicinal Sciences, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, 280 East Road, Outer Ring, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xinqiuyue Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Miguel Pineda
- Institute of Infection, Immunity & Inflammation, University of Glasgow, University Place, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
| | - Runbao Chen
- The Second Clinical School, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Haiqi Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Kaiting Ma
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Huanjia Shen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Chunhui Wu
- The Second Clinical School, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Ningtin Huang
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Tianling Pan
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Institute of Chinese Medicinal Sciences, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, 280 East Road, Outer Ring, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China.
| | - Jiao Guo
- Institute of Chinese Medicinal Sciences, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, 280 East Road, Outer Ring, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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Chen H, Yang T, Wang MC, Chen DQ, Yang Y, Zhao YY. Novel RAS inhibitor 25-O-methylalisol F attenuates epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and tubulo-interstitial fibrosis by selectively inhibiting TGF-β-mediated Smad3 phosphorylation. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2018; 42:207-218. [PMID: 29655688 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2018.03.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Revised: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 03/17/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tubulo-interstitial fibrosis (TIF) is the common pathway in the chronic kidney disease (CKD). Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a major contributor to the TIF by the increased myofibroblasts. Renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is critical mediator on EMT in progressive CKD. Angiotensin II (ANG) mediates EMT and causes TIF by stimulating transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1). RAS activation could further activate TGF-β1. Inhibition of the RAS is one of the most powerful therapies for progressive CKD. 25-O-methylalisol F (MAF) is a new tetracyclic triterpenoid compound isolated from the Alismatis rhizoma, which is extensively used for anti-hypertensive, diuretic and anti-hyperlipidemic effects. METHODS Inhibitory effect of MAF on EMT is investigated in both TGF-β1- and ANG-induced tubular epithelial cells (NRK-52E) and fibroblasts (NRK-49F). Western blot analysis, qRT-PCR, siRNA, immunofluorescence staining and co-immunoprecipitation techniques were used to evaluate the inhibition of MAF on EMT and further revealed the intervention effects on RAS, TGF-β/Smad and Wnt/β-catenin pathways. RESULTS MAF treatment significantly inhibited TGF-β1 and ANG-induced expressions of collagen I, fibronectin, α-SMA, vimentin and E-cadherin at both mRNA and protein levels in the NRK-52E and NRK-49F cells. The action mechanism revealed that MAF significantly ameliorated upregulation of angiotensinogen, renin, ACE and AT1R expressions. Further, MAF attenuated upregulation of Smad3 phosphorylation and downregulation of Smad7, but did not affect the phosphorylation of Smad2, PI3K, ERK1/2 and p38 expressions and Smad4 expression in NRK-52E cells. Co-immunoprecipitation analysis indicated that MAF selectively blocked the combination of Smad3 with TGFβRI and Smad3 with SARA without interfering with the Smad2, TGFβRI and SARA interaction. Additionally, MAF suppressed the expressions of Wnt1 and β-catenin as well as its downstream target Snail1, Twist, MMP-7, PAI-1 and FSP1 expressions in NRK-52E cells. CONCLUSIONS MAF simultaneously targeted multiple RAS components and it was a novel RAS inhibitor. MAF inhibited EMT by Smad3-specific signaling in the TGF-β/Smad-dependent pathway and Wnt/β-catenin pathway. MAF has an important effect on crosstalk between the TGF-β/Smad and Wnt/β-catenin pathway in EMT process by activation of RAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Chen
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Northwest University, No. 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China
| | - Tian Yang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Northwest University, No. 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China
| | - Min-Chang Wang
- Xi'an Modern Chemistry Institute, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710065, China
| | - Dan-Qian Chen
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Northwest University, No. 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Northwest University, No. 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China
| | - Ying-Yong Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Northwest University, No. 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China.
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Xu W, Li X, Lin N, Zhang X, Huang X, Wu T, Tai Y, Chen S, Wu CH, Huang M, Wu S. Pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of five major triterpenoids after oral administration of Rhizoma Alismatis extract to rats using ultra high-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2017; 146:314-323. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2017.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2017] [Revised: 09/02/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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QGQS Granule in SHR Serum Metabonomics Study Based on Tools of UPLC-Q-TOF and Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System Form Protein Profilin-1. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2017; 2017:4854720. [PMID: 28367224 PMCID: PMC5358465 DOI: 10.1155/2017/4854720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2016] [Revised: 01/15/2017] [Accepted: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
QGQS granule is effective for the therapeutic of hypertension in clinic. The aim of this research is to observe the antihypertension effect of QGQS granule on SHR and explain the mechanism of its lowering blood pressure. 30 SHR were selected as model group, captopril group, and QGQS group, 10 WKYr were used as control group, and RBP were measured on tail artery consciously. And all the serum sample analysis was carried out on UPLC-TOF-MS system to determine endogenous metabolites and to find the metabonomics pathways. Meanwhile, ELISA kits for the determination pharmacological indexes of PRA, AngI, AngII, and ALD were used for pathway confirmatory; WB for determination of profilin-1 protein expression was conducted for Ang II pathway analysis as well. It is demonstrated that QGQS granule has an excellent therapeutic effect on antihypertension, which exerts effect mainly on metabonomics pathway by regulating glycerophospholipid, sphingolipid, and arachidonic acid metabolism, and it could inhibit the overexpression of the profilin-1 protein. We can come to a conclusion that RAAS should be responsible mainly for the metabonomics pathway of QGQS granule on antihypertension, and it plays a very important role in protein of profilin-1 inhibition.
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Kim Y, Lee IS, Kim KH, Park J, Lee JH, Bang E, Jang HJ, Na YC. Metabolic Profiling of Liver Tissue in Diabetic Mice Treated with Artemisia Capillaris and Alisma Rhizome Using LC-MS and CE-MS. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2016; 44:1639-1661. [PMID: 27852124 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x16500920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Artemisia Capillaris (AC) and Alisma Rhizome (AR) are natural products for the treatment of liver disorders in oriental medicine clinics. Here, we report metabolomic changes in the evaluation of the treatment effects of AC and AR on fatty livers in diabetic mice, along with a proposition of the underlying metabolic pathway. Hydrophobic and hydrophilic metabolites extracted from mouse livers were analyzed using HPLC-QTOF and CE-QTOF, respectively, to generate metabolic profiles. Statistical analysis of the metabolites by PLS-DA and OPLA-DA fairly discriminated between the diabetic, and the AC- and AR-treated mice groups. Various PEs mostly contributed to the discrimination of the diabetic mice from the normal mice, and besides, DG (18:1/16:0), TG (16:1/16:1/20:1), PE (21:0/20:5), and PA (18:0/21:0) were also associated with discrimination by s-plot. Nevertheless, the effects of AC and AR treatment were indistinct with respect to lipid metabolites. Of the 97 polar metabolites extracted from the CE-MS data, 40 compounds related to amino acid, central carbon, lipid, purine, and pyrimidine metabolism, with [Formula: see text] values less than 0.05, were shown to contribute to liver dysregulation. Following treatment with AC and AR, the metabolites belonging to purine metabolism preferentially recovered to the metabolic state of the normal mice. The AMP/ATP ratio of cellular energy homeostasis in AR-treated mice was more apparently increased ([Formula: see text]) than that of AC-treated mice. On the other hand, amino acids, which showed the main alterations in diabetic mice, did not return to the normal levels upon treatment with AR or AC. In terms of metabolomics, AR was a more effective natural product in the treatment of liver dysfunction than AC. These results may provide putative biomarkers for the prognosis of fatty liver disorder following treatment with AC and AR extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumi Kim
- * Western Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, 150 Bugahyeon-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03759, Republic of Korea.,† Department of Biochemistry, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Seung Lee
- † Department of Biochemistry, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Kang-Hoon Kim
- † Department of Biochemistry, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyoung Park
- † Department of Biochemistry, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hyun Lee
- * Western Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, 150 Bugahyeon-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03759, Republic of Korea.,‡ Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunjung Bang
- * Western Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, 150 Bugahyeon-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03759, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeung-Jin Jang
- † Department of Biochemistry, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Cheol Na
- * Western Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, 150 Bugahyeon-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03759, Republic of Korea.,‡ Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
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Gorrochategui E, Jaumot J, Lacorte S, Tauler R. Data analysis strategies for targeted and untargeted LC-MS metabolomic studies: Overview and workflow. Trends Analyt Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2016.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 187] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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