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Li P, Wu DR, Yip SH, Sun D, Pawluczyk J, Smith A, Kempson J, Mathur A. Large-scale purification of a deprotected macrocyclic peptide by supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) integrated with liquid chromatography in discovery chemistry. J Chromatogr A 2024; 1730:465112. [PMID: 38972253 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2024.465112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
A macrocyclic peptide A was successfully purified in large quantities (∼30 g) in >95 % purity by an integrated two-step orthogonal purification process combining supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) with medium-pressure reverse-phase liquid chromatography (MP-RPLC). MP-RPLC was used to fractionate the crude peptide A, remove unwanted trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) originating from the peptide A cleavage off the resin, and convert the peptide A into ammonium acetate salt form, prior to the final purification by SFC. A co-solvent of methanol/acetonitrile containing ammonium acetate and water in CO2 was developed on a Waters BEH 2-Ethylpyridine column. The developed SFC method was readily scaled up onto a 5 cm diameter column to process multi-gram quantities of the MP-RPLC fraction to reach > 95 % purity with a throughput/productivity of 0.96 g/h. The incorporation of SFC with MP-RPLC has been demonstrated to have a broader application in other large-scale polypeptide purifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Li
- Department of Discovery Synthesis, Research and Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Route 206 & Province Line Rd, Princeton, NJ 08543-4000, USA
| | - Dauh-Rurng Wu
- Department of Discovery Synthesis, Research and Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Route 206 & Province Line Rd, Princeton, NJ 08543-4000, USA
| | - Shiuhang Henry Yip
- Department of Discovery Synthesis, Research and Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Route 206 & Province Line Rd, Princeton, NJ 08543-4000, USA.
| | - Dawn Sun
- Department of Discovery Synthesis, Research and Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Route 206 & Province Line Rd, Princeton, NJ 08543-4000, USA
| | - Joseph Pawluczyk
- Department of Discovery Synthesis, Research and Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Route 206 & Province Line Rd, Princeton, NJ 08543-4000, USA
| | - Aaron Smith
- Spectrix, Route 206 & Province Line Rd, Princeton, NJ 08543-4000, USA
| | - James Kempson
- Department of Discovery Synthesis, Research and Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Route 206 & Province Line Rd, Princeton, NJ 08543-4000, USA
| | - Arvind Mathur
- Department of Discovery Synthesis, Research and Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Route 206 & Province Line Rd, Princeton, NJ 08543-4000, USA
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2
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Humbert L, Wiart JF, Lipka E, Phanithavong-Nachon M, Richeval C, Gaulier JM, Allorge D. La chromatographie en phase supercritique (SFC) ultrarapide (Fast SFC) : un outil complémentaire au service de l’analyste. TOXICOLOGIE ANALYTIQUE ET CLINIQUE 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxac.2023.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
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3
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Amziane A, Monteau F, El Djalil Lalaouna A, Alamir B, Le Bizec B, Dervilly G. Optimization and validation of a fast supercritical fluid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry method for the quantitative determination of a large set of PFASs in food matrices and human milk. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2022; 1210:123455. [PMID: 36115197 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2022.123455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
An Ultra-High Performance Supercritical Fluid Chromatography coupled with tandem Mass Spectrometry analytical method (UHPSFC-MS/MS) was developed for the determination of 34 perfluoroalkylated substances (PFASs) in food-related matrices. Two parameters (i.e. stationary phase and co-solvent) were selected and optimized using a step-by-step method, while a design of experiment (DoE) method using a central composite design (CCD) was implemented to optimize column temperature, mobile phase flow rate, co-solvent concentration and automated back pressure regulator (ABPR). The Torus 2-PIC column was selected along with ammonium acetate AcoNH4 as additive in the co-solvent. DoE optimization of both peak width and resolution enabled validating an optimized model (desirability 0.613) and setting column temperature at 38.7 °C, AcoNH4 concentration at 8 mM, mobile phase flow rate of 1.9 mL/min and ABPR at 1654 psi. The validated resulting method enabled reaching limits of quantification below 0.2 ng/g (w.w.) for 97 % PFASs in accordance with current EU requirements. The strategy was successfully applied to the characterization of a range (n > 30) of food-related matrices (red meat, poultry meat, eggs, fish and breast milk) collected in Algeria in 2019. PFOA and PFBA were observed as the most frequently detected PFASs, i.e. in 96.96 % and 90.9 % of the samples respectively. The highest concentrations were determined in fishery products up to 4.42 ng/g (w.w.) for PFTeDA and 0.75 ng/g (w.w.) for PFOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Amziane
- Oniris, INRAE, LABERCA, F44300 Nantes, France; CNT, Centre National de Toxicologie, Alger, Algérie; Algiers University I Benyoucef Benkhedda, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacy, Alger, Algeria
| | | | - Abd El Djalil Lalaouna
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Salah Boubnider University, Constantine 3, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacy, Constantine, Algeria
| | - Barkahom Alamir
- CNT, Centre National de Toxicologie, Alger, Algérie; Algiers University I Benyoucef Benkhedda, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacy, Alger, Algeria
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4
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Jambo H, Hubert P, Dispas A. Supercritical fluid chromatography for pharmaceutical quality control: Current challenges and perspectives. Trends Analyt Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2021.116486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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5
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Bouchot P, Foulon C, Lecoeur M. Determination of the stoichiometry between a drug and its counter-ion by supercritical fluid chromatography using ultra-violet and evaporative light scattering detections: Application to ondansetron hydrochloride. Talanta 2020; 218:121166. [PMID: 32797919 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2020.121166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, a supercritical fluid chromatography method using ultra-violet and evaporative light scattering detections (SFC-UV/ELSD) has been developed and validated for the stoichiometry determination of an antiemetic drug with its counter-ion i.e. ondansetron hydrochloride. Seven stationary phases were first screened using a CO2-methanol-diethylamine mobile phase. Best conditions were determined using Derringer's desirability functions regarding chromatographic separation: selectivity, resolution, peak shape and runtime. The influence of co-solvent composition on resolution was evaluated. After optimization, best chromatographic results were obtained using 2-ethylpyridine stationary phase and a co-solvent composed of 0.2% diethylamine and 2% water in methanol. While ondansetron was quantified using UV detection (214 nm) and an external calibration curve, the determination of chloride was carried out using ELSD and an internal calibration curve. Then, the method was validated using the accuracy profile approach with a total error included in the ±10%. Finally, the proposed method was applied for the determination of the molar ratio between ondansetron and chloride. A value of 1.001 ± 0.003 demonstrated that the stoichiometry of this drug with its counter-ion was 1:1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Bouchot
- Univ Lille, CHU Lille, ULR 7365, GRITA, Groupe de Recherche sur Les Formes Injectables et Technologies Associées, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Catherine Foulon
- Univ Lille, CHU Lille, ULR 7365, GRITA, Groupe de Recherche sur Les Formes Injectables et Technologies Associées, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Marie Lecoeur
- Univ Lille, CHU Lille, ULR 7365, GRITA, Groupe de Recherche sur Les Formes Injectables et Technologies Associées, F-59000, Lille, France.
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Rendering A Chiral Screening Step In Supercritical Fluid Chromatography Mass-Spectrometry Compatible. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1624:461201. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2020.461201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2020] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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7
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Pandya PA, Shah PA, Shrivastav PS. Analytical separation of four stereoisomers of luliconazole using supercritical fluid chromatography: Thermodynamic aspects and simulation study with chiral stationary phase. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1625:461299. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2020.461299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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8
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Plachká K, Khalikova M, Babičová B, Němcová Z, Roubíčková L, Svec F, Nováková L. Ultra-high performance supercritical fluid chromatography in impurity control II: Method validation. Anal Chim Acta 2020; 1117:48-59. [PMID: 32408954 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2020.04.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In our previous study we proposed a screening approach using ultra-high performance supercritical fluid chromatography for the determination of 10 pharmaceutical quality control mixtures. Most of resulting methods offered baseline separation of all analytes. However, some of these methods had to be further optimized to ensure their successful validation and applicability to impurity control in drug substance and drug products. Several challenges occurred during the optimization including: (i) the necessity of the resolution of active pharmaceutical ingredient and following impurity equaling at least 3, which was especially difficult to achieve for mixtures of structurally close compounds, (ii) unrepeatable elution of compounds eluting close to the dead volume or at the end of the gradient elution, and (iii) shifts in retention times due to the column aging and effects of additive. The most frequent optimization adjustments involved changes in gradient program. Other adjustments such as the substitution of Viridis UPC2 HSS C18 SB column with a slightly different Acquity UPLC HSS C18 SB column, the addition of acetonitrile in the modifier, and the column coupling also led to beneficial changes in selectivity. Subsequently, validation of all 10 methods was carried out to prove the applicability of ultra-high performance supercritical fluid chromatography methods for the impurity control in pharmaceuticals. Parameters recommended by ICH guidelines Q2 and Q3 including specificity, linearity, range, lower and upper limit of quantification, limit of detection, accuracy, and precision were examined. In addition, intermediate precision and the accuracy profiles were determined for selected methods. Overall, only two impurities did not meet the validation criteria due to low resolution and low sensitivity, respectively. Only identification threshold and not reporting threshold was met for this impurity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kateřina Plachká
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Heyrovského 1203, 500 05, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Maria Khalikova
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Heyrovského 1203, 500 05, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Barbora Babičová
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Heyrovského 1203, 500 05, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Zdeňka Němcová
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Heyrovského 1203, 500 05, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Roubíčková
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Heyrovského 1203, 500 05, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Frantisek Svec
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Heyrovského 1203, 500 05, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Nováková
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Heyrovského 1203, 500 05, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic.
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9
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Jakubec P, Douša M, Nováková L. Supercritical fluid chromatography in chiral separations: Evaluation of equivalency of polysaccharide stationary phases. J Sep Sci 2020; 43:2675-2689. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202000085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Revised: 03/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Jakubec
- Department of Analytical ChemistryFaculty of Pharmacy in Hradec KrálovéCharles University Hradec Králové Czech Republic
| | - Michal Douša
- Akademika Heyrovského 1203Zentiva k.s. Praha 10 Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Nováková
- Department of Analytical ChemistryFaculty of Pharmacy in Hradec KrálovéCharles University Hradec Králové Czech Republic
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Abstract
Metabolomics is the comprehensive study of small-molecule metabolites. Obtaining a wide coverage of the metabolome is challenging because of the broad range of physicochemical properties of the small molecules. To study the compounds of interest spectroscopic (NMR), spectrometric (MS) and separation techniques (LC, GC, supercritical fluid chromatography, CE) are used. The choice for a given technique is influenced by the sample matrix, the concentration and properties of the metabolites, and the amount of sample. This review discusses the most commonly used analytical techniques for metabolomic studies, including their advantages, drawbacks and some applications.
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Xhaferaj M, Naegele E, Parr MK. Ion exchange in supercritical fluid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (SFC-MS/MS): Application for polar and ionic drugs and metabolites in forensic and anti-doping analysis. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1614:460726. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2019.460726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2019] [Revised: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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12
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Plachká K, Švec F, Nováková L. Ultra-high performance supercritical fluid chromatography in impurity control: Searching for generic screening approach. Anal Chim Acta 2018; 1039:149-161. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2018.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Revised: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Dispas A, Marini R, Desfontaine V, Veuthey JL, Kotoni D, Losacco LG, Clarke A, Muscat Galea C, Mangelings D, Jocher BM, Regalado EL, Plachká K, Nováková L, Wuyts B, François I, Gray M, Aubin AJ, Tarafder A, Cazes M, Desvignes C, Villemet L, Sarrut M, Raimbault A, Lemasson E, Lesellier E, West C, Leek T, Wong M, Dai L, Zhang K, Grand-Guillaume Perrenoud A, Brunelli C, Hennig P, Bertin S, Mauge F, Da Costa N, Farrell WP, Hill M, Desphande N, Grangrade M, Sadaphule S, Yadav R, Rane S, Shringare S, Iguiniz M, Heinisch S, Lefevre J, Corbel E, Roques N, Heyden YV, Guillarme D, Hubert P. First inter-laboratory study of a Supercritical Fluid Chromatography method for the determination of pharmaceutical impurities. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2018; 161:414-424. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2018.08.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Revised: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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de Lima KP, Sales Fontes Jardim IC, Breitkreitz MC. Study of the chromatographic parameters of ultra-high-performance supercritical fluid chromatography and method development using a design of experiments approach for the quantification of pesticides in lettuce. J Sep Sci 2018; 41:3339-3345. [PMID: 29993189 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201800346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Revised: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 07/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
We examine the potential of ultra-high-performance supercritical fluid chromatography for multiresidue quantification of ten pesticides commonly applied to lettuce and compares it to ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography. Initially, a thorough study of the stationary and mobile phase composition and injection solvent was carried out. In a second step, a chemometric approach based on design of experiments was used to simultaneously study the influence of temperature, pressure, and percentage of ethanol on the retention, resolution and symmetry of the peaks. Using this approach, it was possible to obtain the Design Space, a robust region where complete separation of the analytes was achieved, with acceptable peak shape. Both methods were validated according to the figures of merit: selectivity, linearity, quantification limit, accuracy (in terms of recovery), and precision (repeatability and intermediate precision) and used to quantify the pesticides in lettuce samples. Comparing both techniques, it was concluded that the limits of quantification, accuracy, and precision were similar. However, in supercritical fluid chromatography, a reduced volume of organic solvent was used, the method was faster and generated lower amounts of residues.
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15
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Desfontaine V, Losacco GL, Gagnebin Y, Pezzatti J, Farrell WP, González-Ruiz V, Rudaz S, Veuthey JL, Guillarme D. Applicability of supercritical fluid chromatography - mass spectrometry to metabolomics. I - Optimization of separation conditions for the simultaneous analysis of hydrophilic and lipophilic substances. J Chromatogr A 2018; 1562:96-107. [PMID: 29861304 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2018.05.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Revised: 05/20/2018] [Accepted: 05/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the suitability of SFC-MS for the analysis of a wide range of compounds including lipophilic and highly hydrophilic substances (log P values comprised between -6 and 11), for its potential application toward human metabolomics. For this purpose, a generic unified chromatography gradient from 2 to 100% organic modifier in CO2 was systematically applied. In terms of chemistry, the best stationary phases for this application were found to be the Agilent Poroshell HILIC (bare silica) and Macherey-Nagel Nucleoshell HILIC (silica bonded with a zwitterionic ligand). To avoid system overpressure at very high organic modifier proportion, columns of 100 × 3 mm I.D. packed with sub-3 μm superficially porous particles were selected. In terms of organic modifier, a mixture of 95% MeOH and 5% water was selected, with 50 mM ammonium formate and 1 mM ammonium fluoride, to afford good solubility of analytes in the mobile phase, limited retention for the most hydrophilic metabolites and suitable peak shapes of ionizable species. A sample diluent containing 50%ACN/50% water was employed as injection solvent. These conditions were applied to a representative set of metabolites belonging to nucleosides, nucleotides, small organic acids, small bases, sulfated/sulfonated metabolites, poly-alcohols, lipid related substances, quaternary ammonium metabolites, phosphate-based substances, carbohydrates and amino acids. Among all these metabolites, 65% of the compounds were adequately analyzed with excellent peak shape, 23% provided distorted peak shapes, while only 12% were not detected (mostly metabolites having several phosphate or several carboxylic acid groups).
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Desfontaine
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, CMU - Rue Michel Servet 1, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Gioacchino Luca Losacco
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, CMU - Rue Michel Servet 1, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Yoric Gagnebin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, CMU - Rue Michel Servet 1, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Julian Pezzatti
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, CMU - Rue Michel Servet 1, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - William P Farrell
- Pfizer, Inc., Worldwide Medicinal Chemistry, La Jolla Laboratories, 10770 Science Center Drive, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - Víctor González-Ruiz
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, CMU - Rue Michel Servet 1, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Serge Rudaz
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, CMU - Rue Michel Servet 1, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Luc Veuthey
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, CMU - Rue Michel Servet 1, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Davy Guillarme
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, CMU - Rue Michel Servet 1, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland.
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Parr MK, Schmidt AH. Life cycle management of analytical methods. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2018; 147:506-517. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2017.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2017] [Revised: 06/10/2017] [Accepted: 06/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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17
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Supercritical fluid chromatography: a promising alternative to current bioanalytical techniques. Bioanalysis 2017; 10:107-124. [PMID: 29236519 DOI: 10.4155/bio-2017-0211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
During the last years, chemistry was involved in the worldwide effort toward environmental problems leading to the birth of green chemistry. In this context, green analytical tools were developed as modern Supercritical Fluid Chromatography in the field of separative techniques. This chromatographic technique knew resurgence a few years ago, thanks to its high efficiency, fastness and robustness of new generation equipment. These advantages and its easy hyphenation to MS fulfill the requirements of bioanalysis regarding separation capacity and high throughput. In the present paper, the technical aspects focused on bioanalysis specifications will be detailed followed by a critical review of bioanalytical supercritical fluid chromatography methods published in the literature.
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Svan A, Hedeland M, Arvidsson T, Pettersson CE. The differences in matrix effect between supercritical fluid chromatography and reversed phase liquid chromatography coupled to ESI/MS. Anal Chim Acta 2017; 1000:163-171. [PMID: 29289305 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2017.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Revised: 10/03/2017] [Accepted: 10/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
For many sample matrices, matrix effects are a troublesome phenomenon using the electrospray ionization source. The increasing use of supercritical fluid chromatography with CO2 in combination with the electrospray ionization source for MS detection is therefore raising questions: is the matrix effect behaving differently using SFC in comparison with reversed phase LC? This was investigated using urine, plasma, influent- and effluent-wastewater as sample matrices. The matrix effect was evaluated using the post-extraction addition method and through post-column infusions. Matrix effect profiles generated from the post-column infusions in combination with time of flight-MS detection provided the most valuable information for the study. The combination of both qualitative and semi-quantitative information with the ability to use HRMS-data for identifying interfering compounds from the same experiment was very useful, and has to the authors' knowledge not been used this way before. The results showed that both LC and SFC are affected by matrix effects, however differently depending on sample matrix. Generally, both suppressions and enhancements were seen, with a higher amount of enhancements for LC, where 65% of all compounds and all sample matrices were enhanced, compared to only 7% for SFC. Several interferences were tentatively identified, with phospholipids, creatinine, and metal ion clusters as examples of important interferences, with different impact depending on chromatographic technique. SFC needs a different strategy for limiting matrix interferences, owing to its almost reverse retention order compared to RPLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfred Svan
- Division of Analytical Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Uppsala University, BMC, Box 574, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Mikael Hedeland
- Division of Analytical Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Uppsala University, BMC, Box 574, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden; National Veterinary Institute (SVA), Dept. of Chemistry, Environment and Feed Hygiene, SE-751 89 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Torbjörn Arvidsson
- Division of Analytical Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Uppsala University, BMC, Box 574, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden; Medical Products Agency, Box 26, SE-751 03 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Curt E Pettersson
- Division of Analytical Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Uppsala University, BMC, Box 574, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
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Dispas A, Desfontaine V, Andri B, Lebrun P, Kotoni D, Clarke A, Guillarme D, Hubert P. Quantitative determination of salbutamol sulfate impurities using achiral supercritical fluid chromatography. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2017; 134:170-180. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2016.11.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2016] [Revised: 11/03/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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20
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Leek H, Andersson S. Preparative Scale Resolution of Enantiomers Enables Accelerated Drug Discovery and Development. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22010158. [PMID: 28106796 PMCID: PMC6155825 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22010158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2016] [Revised: 01/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The provision of pure enantiomers is of increasing importance not only for the pharmaceutical industry but also for agro-chemistry and biotechnology. In drug discovery and development, the enantiomers of a chiral drug depict unique chemical and pharmacological behaviors in a chiral environment, such as the human body, in which the stereochemistry of the chiral drugs determines their pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic and toxicological properties. We present a number of challenging case studies of up-to-kilogram separations of racemic or enriched isomer mixtures using preparative liquid chromatography and super critical fluid chromatography to generate individual enantiomers that have enabled the development of new candidate drugs within AstraZeneca. The combination of chromatography and racemization as well as strategies on when to apply preparative chiral chromatography of enantiomers in a multi-step synthesis of a drug compound can further facilitate accelerated drug discovery and the early clinical evaluation of the drug candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Leek
- Respiratory, Inflammation and Autoimmunity, Innovative Medicines and Early Development Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Pepparedsleden 1, 431 83 Molndal, Sweden.
| | - Shalini Andersson
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, Innovative Medicines and Early Development Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Pepparedsleden 1, 431 83 Molndal, Sweden.
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Preparative supercritical fluid chromatography: A powerful tool for chiral separations. J Chromatogr A 2016; 1467:33-55. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2016.07.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2016] [Revised: 07/17/2016] [Accepted: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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Quantification of the neurotransmitters melatonin and N-acetyl-serotonin in human serum by supercritical fluid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. Anal Chim Acta 2016; 937:168-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2016.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2016] [Revised: 08/08/2016] [Accepted: 08/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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