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Clardy SM, Uttard A, Du B, Catcott KC, Lancaster KL, Ditty E, Sadowsky J, Zurita J, Malli N, Qin L, Bradley SP, Avocetien K, Carter T, Kim D, Nazzaro M, Xu L, Pillow TH, Zacharias NT, Lewis GD, Rowntree RK, Iyengar R, Lee DH, Damelin M, Toader D, Lowinger TB. Site-Specific Dolasynthen Antibody-Drug Conjugates Exhibit Consistent Pharmacokinetic Profiles across a Wide Range of Drug-to-Antibody Ratios. Mol Cancer Ther 2024; 23:84-91. [PMID: 37774393 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-23-0262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
Key defining attributes of an antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) include the choice of the targeting antibody, linker, payload, and the drug-to-antibody ratio (DAR). Historically, most ADC platforms have used the same DAR for all targets, regardless of target characteristics. However, recent studies and modeling suggest that the optimal DAR can depend on target expression level and intratumoral heterogeneity, target internalization and trafficking, and characteristics of the linker and payload. An ADC platform that enables DAR optimization could improve the success rate of clinical candidates. Here we report a systematic exploration of DAR across a wide range, by combining THIOMAB protein engineering technology with Dolasynthen, an auristatin-based platform with monomeric and trimeric variants. This approach enabled the generation of homogeneous, site-specific ADCs spanning a discrete range of DARs 2, 4, 6, 12, and 18 by conjugation of trastuzumab IgG1 THIOMAB constructs with 1, 2, or 3 engineered cysteines to monomeric or trimeric Dolasynthen. All ADCs had physicochemical properties that translated to excellent in vivo pharmacology. Following a single dose of ADCs in a HER2 xenograft model with moderate antigen expression, our data demonstrated comparable pharmacokinetics for the conjugates across all DARs and dose-dependent efficacy of all test articles. These results demonstrate that the Dolasynthen platform enables the generation of ADCs with a broad range of DAR values and with comparable physiochemical, pharmacologic, and pharmacokinetics profiles; thus, the Dolasynthen platform enables the empirical determination of the optimal DAR for a clinical candidate for a given target.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alex Uttard
- Mersana Therapeutics, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Bingfan Du
- Mersana Therapeutics, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Dokyong Kim
- Mersana Therapeutics, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | | | - Ling Xu
- Mersana Therapeutics, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | | | | | | | | | | | - David H Lee
- Mersana Therapeutics, Cambridge, Massachusetts
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Wang S, Wang F, Wang L, Liu Z, Liu M, Li S, Wang Y, Sun X, Jiang J. Detection of antibody-conjugate payload in cynomolgus monkey serum by a high throughput capture LC-MS/MS bioanalysis method. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2023; 227:115069. [PMID: 36854219 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2022.115069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) plays a vital role in oncology indications. The efficacy and toxicity of ADC generally depend on the concentration of the drugs in the body system, and physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (P.K.) is a quantitative tool to understand the drug concentration in the body. To characterize the whole drug carefully, sophisticated bioanalysis was required. ADC bioanalysis generally needs multiple analysis strategies, which can accurately quantify total antibody (TAb), antibody-drug conjugate (ADC), antibody-conjugate payload (ac-payload), and free-payload. In this work, we mainly described and validated a high throughput capture Liquid Chromatography tandem-Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) bioanalysis method to detect the concentrations of ac-payload (such as MMAE) in cynomolgus monkey serum. This method was allowed to determinate the Drug to Antibody Ratio (DAR), obtained by n of ac-payload/ n of TAb. In addition, the technique could significantly improve the throughput of the pre-coated antibody on a 96-well plate. Besides, this method had no interference or carryover in endogenous substances and showed linearity (R2 ≥0.99) in the concentration range within 15.6-2000.0 ng/mL. The inter-run accuracy ranged from 75.8 % to 120.0 %, and precision was within ≤ 20.0 %. Meanwhile, selectivity and the benchtop stability of the method were also validated. This optimization method was successfully applied to the change of average DAR in P.K. study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujuan Wang
- RemeGen, Ltd, Yantai 264000, Shandong, China; Rongchang Industry College, Yantai 264003, Shandong, China
| | - Fengzhu Wang
- RemeGen, Ltd, Yantai 264000, Shandong, China; School of Biological Sciences, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, United States
| | - Ling Wang
- RemeGen, Ltd, Yantai 264000, Shandong, China
| | - Zhihao Liu
- RemeGen, Ltd, Yantai 264000, Shandong, China
| | - Meiling Liu
- RemeGen, Ltd, Yantai 264000, Shandong, China
| | - Shenjun Li
- RemeGen, Ltd, Yantai 264000, Shandong, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Pharmaron (Beijing) Inc., Beijing 100176, China
| | | | - Jing Jiang
- Rongchang Industry College, Yantai 264003, Shandong, China; Department of Pharmacology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, Shandong, China.
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Liu T, Tao Y, Xia X, Zhang Y, Deng R, Wang Y. Analytical tools for antibody–drug conjugates: from in vitro to in vivo. Trends Analyt Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2022.116621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Perspectives on potentiating immunocapture-LC-MS for the bioanalysis of biotherapeutics and biomarkers. Bioanalysis 2018; 10:1679-1690. [PMID: 30371100 DOI: 10.4155/bio-2018-0205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The integration of ligand-binding assay and LC-MS/MS (immunocapture-LC-MS) has unleashed the combined advantages of both powerful techniques for addressing the ever increasing bioanalytical challenges for biotherapeutics and biomarker assays. The highly specific, selective and sensitive characteristics of the immunocapture-LC-MS-based assays have enabled the determination of biotherapeutics and biomarkers in biomatrices with ease of method development, less requirements on key reagents as well as structural specificity for endogenous and engineered biomolecules. In addition, the versatile immunocapture-LC-MS technology has expanded into many challenging areas to enhance mechanistic studies of drug interactions with their targets. This paper intends to summarize our perspectives on enhancing the use of immunocapture-LC-MS in drug discovery and development for emerging new modalities.
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Dong L, Li C, Locuson C, Chen S, Qian MG. A Two-Step Immunocapture LC/MS/MS Assay for Plasma Stability and Payload Migration Assessment of Cysteine–Maleimide-Based Antibody Drug Conjugates. Anal Chem 2018; 90:5989-5994. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b00694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Dong
- Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Takeda Pharmaceuticals International, Inc., 35 Landsdowne Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Chao Li
- Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Takeda Pharmaceuticals International, Inc., 35 Landsdowne Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Charles Locuson
- Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Takeda Pharmaceuticals International, Inc., 35 Landsdowne Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Susan Chen
- Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Takeda Pharmaceuticals International, Inc., 35 Landsdowne Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Mark G. Qian
- Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Takeda Pharmaceuticals International, Inc., 35 Landsdowne Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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Xu L, Packer LE, Li C, Abdul-Hadi K, Veiby P. A generic approach for simultaneous measurements of total antibody and cleavable antibody-conjugated drug by LC/MS/MS. Anal Biochem 2017; 537:33-36. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2017.08.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2017] [Revised: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 08/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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