1
|
Ferrone V, Todaro S, Carlucci M, Fontana A, Ventrella A, Carlucci G, Milanetti E. Optimization by response surface methodology of a dispersive magnetic solid phase extraction exploiting magnetic graphene nanocomposite coupled with UHPLC-PDA for simultaneous determination of new oral anticoagulants (NAOs) in human plasma. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2019; 179:112992. [PMID: 31816472 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2019.112992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Revised: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In this paper a dispersive magnetic-solid phase extraction (MSPE) using a graphene nanocomposite (rG/Fe3O4) followed by ultra high performance liquid chromatography with photodiode array detection has been developed for the simultaneous analysis of new class of oral anticoagulants (NOAs) in human plasma. The performance of the nanocomposite graphene@Fe3O4 on the magnetic solid phase extraction of apixaban, rivaroxaban and dabigatran has been optimized using a Box-Behnken design of experiment. The amount of graphene nanocomposite, the sample pH and the adsorption time were the investigated parameters as a function of the extraction recovery. The analytical method was fully validated based on linearity, limit of detection (LOD), limit of detection (LOQ), inter- and intra-day precision and trueness, and extraction yield. Under optimal condition, excellent linearity (R2 > 0.9987) over the range (0.001-5.0 μg/mL), limit of detection (0.003 μg/mL), precision (0.81-8.97% RSD) and trueness (-5 to 9 % BIAS%) were observed for the target drugs. The average extraction recovery under optimal from plasma samples ranged between 96.6-98.6% for apixaban, rivaroxaban and dabigatran and the internal standard. The proposed method was developed, validated and successfully applied to the measurement of these NOAs in patients. The new approach offers an attractive alternative for the simultaneous analysis of the selected NOAs from plasma samples, providing several advantages including fewer sample preparation steps, ease of performance, and higher recoveries compared to traditional methodologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Ferrone
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi "G. D'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini Chieti, Italy
| | - Sabrina Todaro
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi "G. D'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini Chieti, Italy
| | - Maura Carlucci
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Orali e Biotecnologiche - Università degli Studi "G. D'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini Chieti, Italy
| | - Antonella Fontana
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi "G. D'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini Chieti, Italy
| | - Alessia Ventrella
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi "G. D'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini Chieti, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Carlucci
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi "G. D'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini Chieti, Italy.
| | - Edoardo Milanetti
- Dipartimento di Fisica - Università degli Studi "La Sapienza", P.le A. Moro, Roma, Italy; Center for Life Nano Science@Sapienza, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Viale Regina Elena, Roma, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Michahial S, Thomas BA. Applying cuckoo search based algorithm and hybrid based neural classifier for breast cancer detection using ultrasound images. EVOLUTIONARY INTELLIGENCE 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s12065-019-00268-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
|
3
|
Milanetti E, Carlucci G, Olimpieri PP, Palumbo P, Carlucci M, Ferrone V. Correlation analysis based on the hydropathy properties of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in solid-phase extraction (SPE) and reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with photodiode array detection and their applications to biological samples. J Chromatogr A 2019; 1605:360351. [PMID: 31307791 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2019.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Revised: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
In the present work we analyzed the hydrophobicity and hydrophilicity properties of several non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) by investigating the structural changes of the dynamic hydrogen bond network in order to predict the extraction recovery of NSAIDs from biological fluids set by solid phase extraction (SPE). This work allows investigating the relationship between theoretical descriptors and experimental data using a parameter free method with a strong correlation (Pearson correlation 0.95, p-value 0.0003). The identification and quantification of analytes in human plasma were carried out by high performance liquid chromatography coupled with photodiode array detection (HPLC-PDA) using a Kinetex Evo C18 (150 x 4.6 mm I.D) protected by a guard column and a mixture of acetonitrile and 10 mM phosphate buffer (pH 2.5) (50:50, v/v) as mobile phase at isocratic conditions. Accuracy (BIAS%) ranged within -2.33% and + 8.05% while precision (RSD%) was less than 5.73%.The mean extraction recovery of the carprofen (IS) was 84.1% and the recovery of NSAIDs from human plasma ranged between 81.9% to 86.6%. LODs and LOQs for all the investigated NSAIDs were 0.003 and 0.01 μg/mL, respectively. The method was validated according to the ICH guide line in the range 0.010-20.0 μg/mL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Edoardo Milanetti
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi "La Sapienza" Ple A. Moro, Roma, Italy; Center for Life Nano Science@Sapienza, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Viale Regina Elena, Roma, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Carlucci
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi "G. D'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini, Chieti, Italy.
| | - Pier Paolo Olimpieri
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi "La Sapienza" Ple A. Moro, Roma, Italy
| | - Paola Palumbo
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica, Sanità Pubblica, Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università degli studi di L'Aquila, 671100 L'aquila, Italy
| | - Maura Carlucci
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi "La Sapienza" Ple A. Moro, Roma, Italy; Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Orali e Biotecnologiche, Università degli Studi "G. D'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini, Chieti, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Ferrone
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi "G. D'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini, Chieti, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ferrone V, Cotellese R, Cichella A, Raimondi P, Carlucci M, Palumbo P, Carlucci G. Meropenem and ciprofloxacin in complicated gastric surgery for cancer patients: A simple SPE–UHPLC–PDA method for their determination in human plasma. Biomed Chromatogr 2019; 33:e4450. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.4450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Revised: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Ferrone
- Dipartimento di FarmaciaOrali e Biotecnologiche ‐ Università degli Studi “G. d'Annunzio” Chieti‐Pescara Chieti Italy
| | - Roberto Cotellese
- Dipartimento di Scienze MedicheOrali e Biotecnologiche ‐ Università degli Studi “G. d'Annunzio” Chieti‐Pescara Chieti Italy
| | - Annadomenica Cichella
- Dipartimento di Scienze MedicheOrali e Biotecnologiche ‐ Università degli Studi “G. d'Annunzio” Chieti‐Pescara Chieti Italy
| | - Paolo Raimondi
- Dipartimento di Scienze MedicheOrali e Biotecnologiche ‐ Università degli Studi “G. d'Annunzio” Chieti‐Pescara Chieti Italy
| | - Maura Carlucci
- Dipartimento di Scienze MedicheOrali e Biotecnologiche ‐ Università degli Studi “G. d'Annunzio” Chieti‐Pescara Chieti Italy
| | - Paola Palumbo
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica, Sanità PubblicaScienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente ‐ Università degli studi di L'Aquila L'Aquila Italy
| | - Giuseppe Carlucci
- Dipartimento di FarmaciaOrali e Biotecnologiche ‐ Università degli Studi “G. d'Annunzio” Chieti‐Pescara Chieti Italy
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Pereira JAM, Gonçalves J, Porto-Figueira P, Figueira JA, Alves V, Perestrelo R, Medina S, Câmara JS. Current trends on microextraction by packed sorbent – fundamentals, application fields, innovative improvements and future applications. Analyst 2019; 144:5048-5074. [DOI: 10.1039/c8an02464b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
MEPS, the acronym of microextraction by packed sorbent, is a simple, fast and user- and environmentally-friendly miniaturization of the popular solid-phase extraction technique (SPE).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jorge A. M. Pereira
- CQM – Centro de Química da Madeira
- Universidade da Madeira
- 9020-105 Funchal
- Portugal
| | - João Gonçalves
- CQM – Centro de Química da Madeira
- Universidade da Madeira
- 9020-105 Funchal
- Portugal
| | | | - José A. Figueira
- CQM – Centro de Química da Madeira
- Universidade da Madeira
- 9020-105 Funchal
- Portugal
| | - Vera Alves
- CQM – Centro de Química da Madeira
- Universidade da Madeira
- 9020-105 Funchal
- Portugal
| | - Rosa Perestrelo
- CQM – Centro de Química da Madeira
- Universidade da Madeira
- 9020-105 Funchal
- Portugal
| | - Sonia Medina
- CQM – Centro de Química da Madeira
- Universidade da Madeira
- 9020-105 Funchal
- Portugal
| | - José S. Câmara
- CQM – Centro de Química da Madeira
- Universidade da Madeira
- 9020-105 Funchal
- Portugal
- Faculdade de Ciências Exatas e da Engenharia
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ferrone V, Carlucci M, Ettorre V, Cotellese R, Palumbo P, Fontana A, Siani G, Carlucci G. Dispersive magnetic solid phase extraction exploiting magnetic graphene nanocomposite coupled with UHPLC-PDA for simultaneous determination of NSAIDs in human plasma and urine. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2018; 161:280-288. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2018.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Revised: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
|
7
|
Magalhães P, Alves G, Llerena A, Falcão A. Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Fluoxetine, Norfluoxetine and Paroxetine: A New Tool Based on Microextraction by Packed Sorbent Coupled to Liquid Chromatography. J Anal Toxicol 2017; 41:631-638. [PMID: 28873974 DOI: 10.1093/jat/bkx043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2017] [Accepted: 06/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The present article reports the first liquid chromatography (LC) assay for the simultaneous quantification of fluoxetine (FLU), its metabolite norfluoxetine (NFLU) and paroxetine (PAR) in human plasma, applying the microextraction by packed sorbent (MEPS) technology in sample preparation. Chromatographic analysis of FLU, NFLU and PAR was achieved in <13 min on a reverse-phase C18 column using isocratic elution and fluorescence detection (FLD). The mobile phase was composed by an aqueous solution of 25 mM sodium phosphate monobasic anhydrous and 7.5 mM di-potassium hydrogen phosphate anhydrous (pH 3.0)/acetonitrile/methanol (70:23:7, v/v/v). The detector was set at 240/312 nm for FLU, NFLU and IS and at 295/350 nm for PAR. The method showed linearity in the ranges of 20-750 ng mL-1 for FLU and NFLU, and 5-750 ng mL-1 for PAR (r2 ≥ 0.9919). The overall intra- and interday precision did not exceed 13.6% and the corresponding accuracy (bias) ranged from 0.02 to 16.7%. The method was successfully applied in the analysis of authentic plasma samples. Hence, this new MEPS/LC-FLD assay ensures robust and low-cost analyses representing, therefore, a good alternative to support therapeutic drug monitoring and clinical studies involving these antidepressant drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paulo Magalhães
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal.,CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-517 Coimbra, Portugal.,CICS-UBI-Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Ave. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal.,CICAB, Clinical Research Centre, Extremadura University Hospital and Medical School, Ave. de Elvas, 06006 Badajoz, Spain
| | - Gilberto Alves
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-517 Coimbra, Portugal.,CICS-UBI-Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Ave. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Adrián Llerena
- CICAB, Clinical Research Centre, Extremadura University Hospital and Medical School, Ave. de Elvas, 06006 Badajoz, Spain
| | - Amílcar Falcão
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal.,CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-517 Coimbra, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Ferrone V, Carlucci M, Cotellese R, Raimondi P, Cichella A, Di Marco L, Genovese S, Carlucci G. Development of a dried blood spot HPLC-PDA method for the analysis of linezolid and ciprofloxacin in hospital-acquired pneumonia patients. Drug Test Anal 2017; 9:1611-1619. [DOI: 10.1002/dta.2195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2016] [Revised: 02/09/2017] [Accepted: 03/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Ferrone
- Department of Pharmacy; Università degli Studi; G. d'Annunzio’ Chieti-Pescara, via dei Vestini 66100 Chieti Italy
| | - Maura Carlucci
- Department of Oral Health Sciences and Biotechnology; Università degli Studi; G. d'Annunzio’ Chieti-Pescara, via dei Vestini 66100 Chieti Italy
| | - Roberto Cotellese
- Department of Oral Health Sciences and Biotechnology; Università degli Studi; G. d'Annunzio’ Chieti-Pescara, via dei Vestini 66100 Chieti Italy
| | - Paolo Raimondi
- Department of Oral Health Sciences and Biotechnology; Università degli Studi; G. d'Annunzio’ Chieti-Pescara, via dei Vestini 66100 Chieti Italy
| | - Annadomenica Cichella
- Department of Oral Health Sciences and Biotechnology; Università degli Studi; G. d'Annunzio’ Chieti-Pescara, via dei Vestini 66100 Chieti Italy
| | - Lorenzo Di Marco
- Department of Pharmacy; Università degli Studi; G. d'Annunzio’ Chieti-Pescara, via dei Vestini 66100 Chieti Italy
| | - Salvatore Genovese
- Department of Pharmacy; Università degli Studi; G. d'Annunzio’ Chieti-Pescara, via dei Vestini 66100 Chieti Italy
| | - Giuseppe Carlucci
- Department of Pharmacy; Università degli Studi; G. d'Annunzio’ Chieti-Pescara, via dei Vestini 66100 Chieti Italy
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Ferrone V, Cotellese R, Di Marco L, Bacchi S, Carlucci M, Cichella A, Raimondi P, Carlucci G. Meropenem, levofloxacin and linezolid in human plasma of critical care patients: A fast semi-automated micro-extraction by packed sorbent UHPLC-PDA method for their simultaneous determination. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2017; 140:266-273. [PMID: 28371721 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2017.03.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2017] [Revised: 03/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
An ultra high-performance liquid chromatographic (UHPLC) method with PDA detection was developed and validated for the simultaneous quantification of meropenem, linezolid, and levofloxacin in human plasma and applied in human plasma of critical care patients. A semi-automated microextraction by packed sorbent (MEPS) for sample preparation was used. All parameters in the extraction step (pH, sample volume, sample dilution and number of aspiration - ejection cycles) and in the desorption step (percentage of acetonitrile in the solvent of elution and number of aspirations of elution solvent through the device) were statistically significant when the recovery was used as response. The method showed good linearity with correlation coefficients, r2>0.9991 for the three drugs, as well as high precision (RSD%<10.83% in each case). Accuracy ranged from -7.8% to +6.7%. The limit of quantification of the three drugs was established at 0.01μg/mL for linezolid and levofloxacin and 0.02μg/mL for meropenem. Linezolid, meropenem, levofloxacin and the internal standard were extracted from human plasma with a mean recovery ranged from 92.4% to 97.4%. During validation, the concentration of meropenem, linezolid and levofloxacin was found to be stable after 3 freeze-thaw cycles and for at least 24h after extraction. This method will be subsequently used to quantify the drugs in patients to establish if the dosage regimen given is sufficient to eradicate the infection at the target site.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Ferrone
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Orali e Biotecnologiche - Università degli Studi "G. D'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Roberto Cotellese
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche, Orali e Biotecnologiche - Università degli Studi "G. D'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Di Marco
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Orali e Biotecnologiche - Università degli Studi "G. D'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Simona Bacchi
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica, Sanità Pubblica, Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente - Università degli studi di L'Aquila - 671100, L'aquila, Italy
| | - Maura Carlucci
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche, Orali e Biotecnologiche - Università degli Studi "G. D'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Annadomenica Cichella
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche, Orali e Biotecnologiche - Università degli Studi "G. D'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Paolo Raimondi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche, Orali e Biotecnologiche - Università degli Studi "G. D'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Carlucci
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Orali e Biotecnologiche - Università degli Studi "G. D'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100, Chieti, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Ferrone V, Carlucci M, Cotellese R, Raimondi P, Cichella A, Marco LD, Carlucci G. Development and validation of a fast micro-extraction by packed sorbent UHPLC-PDA method for the simultaneous determination of linezolid and ciprofloxacin in human plasma from patients with hospital-acquired pneumonia. Talanta 2016; 164:64-68. [PMID: 28107984 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2016.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2016] [Revised: 11/07/2016] [Accepted: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
An ultra high-performance liquid chromatographic (UHPLC) method with PDA detection was developed and validated for the simultaneous quantification of linezolid and ciprofloxacin in human plasma and applied in hospital acquired pneumonia patients (HAP). The method uses a semi-automated microextraction by packed sorbent for sample preparation. All parameters in the extraction step (pH, sample volume, sample dilution and number of aspiration - ejection cycles) and in the desorption step (percentage of acetonitrile in the solvent of elution and number of aspirations of elution solvent through the device) were statistically significant when the recovery was used as response. The method showed good linearity with correlation coefficients, r2>0.9995 for the two drugs, as well as high precision (RSD%<9.77% in each case), accuracy ranged from -6.2% to +8.2. The limit of quantification of the two drugs was established at 0.01 and 0.02μg/mL for ciprofloxacin and linezolid, respectively. Linezolid, ciprofloxacin and internal standard were extracted from human plasma with a mean recovery ranging from 92.4% to 97.4%. During validation, the concentrations of linezolid and ciprofloxacin were found to be stable after 3 freeze-thaw cycles and for at least 24h after extraction. This method will subsequently be used to quantify the drugs dosage in patients with HAP to establish if the dosage regimen given is sufficient to eradicate the infection at the target site.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Ferrone
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, via dei Vestini, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Maura Carlucci
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Orali e Biotecnologiche, Università degli Studi "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, via dei Vestini, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Roberto Cotellese
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Orali e Biotecnologiche, Università degli Studi "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, via dei Vestini, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Paolo Raimondi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Orali e Biotecnologiche, Università degli Studi "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, via dei Vestini, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Annadomenica Cichella
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Orali e Biotecnologiche, Università degli Studi "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, via dei Vestini, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Di Marco
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, via dei Vestini, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Carlucci
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, via dei Vestini, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|