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Zhao Y, Yu L, Wang L, Wu Y, Chen H, Wang Q, Wu Y. The Riddle of the Sphinx: Progress in Leptomeningeal Metastasis of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Clin Med Insights Oncol 2023; 17:11795549231205206. [PMID: 37915530 PMCID: PMC10617270 DOI: 10.1177/11795549231205206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Leptomeningeal metastasis (LM) is a serious complication of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and the incidence of LM has been increasing yearly in recent times. There is no consensus on the best treatment modality for LM, which underscores a difficult problem in the management of advanced NSCLC patients. The existing treatments include molecular targeted therapy, systemic chemotherapy, local radiotherapy, antivascular tumor therapy, intrathecal chemotherapy, and immunotherapy, but their efficacy is not satisfactory. In this article, we briefly describe the clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and treatment of NSCLC-LM and discuss progress regarding evaluation of the efficacy of LM treatment to better provide a necessary reference for clinical practice and clinical trial evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Yufeng Wu
- Yufeng Wu, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou 450008, China.
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Sun Y, Jiang Y, Zhang R, Wang J. A Sensitive LC-MS/MS Method for the Simultaneous Determination of Skimmin, a Potential Agent for Treating Postpartum Stroke, and Its Metabolite Umbelliferone in Rat Plasma. J AOAC Int 2023; 106:1010-1016. [PMID: 36715062 PMCID: PMC10350621 DOI: 10.1093/jaoacint/qsad012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Skimmin, a potential agent for treating postpartum stroke, is one of the most important coumarins extracted from the leaves of skimmia. OBJECTIVE In this study, a specific, sensitive, and simple high-performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) method for the simultaneous determination of skimmin and its metabolite umbelliferone in rat plasma was established and validated. METHOD Chromatographic separation was performed by an Inertsil ODS-3 column (50 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 μm) with a mobile phase consisting of 0.1% formic acid in distilled water-acetonitrile at a flow rate of 0.5 mL/min with gradient elution mode. All analytes were detected and quantified in negative multiple reaction monitoring (MRM). RESULTS All calibration curves showed good linearity (r > 0.995) over the concentration range of 10-10 000 and 2.0-2000 ng/mL for skimmin and umbelliferone, respectively. The selectivity, sensitivity, extraction recovery, matrix effect, and stability met all requirements. CONCLUSIONS The analysis method was successfully applied to the pharmacokinetic study of skimmin and umbelliferone in rats following oral administration of skimmin at the doses of 10, 30, and 90 mg/kg. With the exception of AUC(0-∞) and Cmax, MRT and Cl/F of skimmin had significant statistical difference with the increasing doses. Skimmin might exhibit nonlinear pharmacokinetic characteristics in rats. HIGHLIGHTS This was the first study to investigate the pharmacokinetic characteristics of skimmin as a candidate agent for treating postpartum stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqiong Sun
- Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Key Laboratory of Birth Regulation and Control Technology of National Health Commission of China, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Yanyan Jiang
- Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Key Laboratory of Birth Regulation and Control Technology of National Health Commission of China, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Ruihong Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Key Laboratory of Birth Regulation and Control Technology of National Health Commission of China, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Jin Wang
- Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Key Laboratory of Birth Regulation and Control Technology of National Health Commission of China, Jinan 250014, China
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Xiong S, Li X, Chu H, Deng Z, Sun L, Liu J, Mu Y, Yao Q. Comparative pharmacokinetics of four major compounds after oral administration of Mori Cortex total flavonoid extract in normal and diabetic rats. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1148332. [PMID: 36937873 PMCID: PMC10014546 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1148332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Mori Cortex has been used in traditional Chinese Medicine as an antidiabetic agent. The aim of this study was to establish a UPLC-MS/MS method for simultaneous determination of morin, morusin, umbelliferone and mulberroside A in rat plasma and investigate the pharmacokinetics differences between normal and diabetic rats following oral administration of Mori Cortex total flavonoid extract. Methods: Samples were pre-treated by protein precipitation and genkwanin was used as internal standard. Chromatographic separation was performed using a Hypersil GOLD C18 column (50 mm × 2.1 mm, 3 μm). The mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile and water (containing 0.1% formic acid) in gradient mode at a flow rate of 0.5 ml/min. The transitions of m/z 300.9→107.1, m/z 419.3→297.1, m/z 160.9→77.0, m/z 567.1→243.2 and m/z 283.1→268.2 were selected for morin, morusin, umbelliferone, mulberroside A and internal standard, respectively. Results: The intra- and inter-day precision for analytes were less than 12.5% and the accuracy ranged from -8.1% to 3.5%. The extraction recovery was >88.5% and no obvious matrix effect was observed. The AUC (0-t) and C max of morin were 501.3 ± 115.5 ng/mL*h and 127.8 ± 56.0 ng/mL in normal rats and 717.3 ± 117.4 ng/ml*h and 218.6 ± 33.5 ng/ml in diabetic rats. Meanwhile, the AUC (0-t) and C max of morusin were 116.4 ± 38.2 ng/ml*h and 16.8 ± 10.1 ng/mL in normal rats and 325.0 ± 87.6 ng/mL*h and 39.2 ± 5.9 ng/ml in diabetic rats. For umbelliferone and mulberroside A, the AUC (0-t) and C max also increased significantly in diabetic rats (p < 0.05). Discussion: The validated method was successfully applied to the pharmacokinetic study in normal and diabetic rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Xiong
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences & Institute of Materia Medica, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology Drug (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), Key Lab for Rare and Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province, Jinan, China
- *Correspondence: Shan Xiong, ; Jia Liu, ; Qingqiang Yao,
| | - Xiaofan Li
- Institute of Basic Medicine, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Jinan, China
| | - Haiping Chu
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences & Institute of Materia Medica, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology Drug (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), Key Lab for Rare and Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province, Jinan, China
| | - Zhipeng Deng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Linying Sun
- School of Public Health, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Jinan, China
| | - Jia Liu
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences & Institute of Materia Medica, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology Drug (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), Key Lab for Rare and Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province, Jinan, China
- *Correspondence: Shan Xiong, ; Jia Liu, ; Qingqiang Yao,
| | - Yanling Mu
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences & Institute of Materia Medica, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology Drug (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), Key Lab for Rare and Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province, Jinan, China
| | - Qingqiang Yao
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences & Institute of Materia Medica, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology Drug (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), Key Lab for Rare and Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province, Jinan, China
- *Correspondence: Shan Xiong, ; Jia Liu, ; Qingqiang Yao,
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Li B, Lu M, Jin L, Zheng M, Sun P, Lei S, Xiong S, Chen S. Simultaneous Quantification of Brigatinib and Brigatinib-Analog in Rat Plasma and Brain Homogenate by LC-MS/MS: Application to Comparative Pharmacokinetic and Brain Distribution Studies. Int J Anal Chem 2019; 2019:9028309. [PMID: 31885594 PMCID: PMC6915135 DOI: 10.1155/2019/9028309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Revised: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Brigatinib and brigatinib-analog are potent and selective ALK inhibitors with the similar structure. A simple and sensitive high-performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method for simultaneous determination of brigatinib and brigatinib-analog in rat plasma and brain homogenate was developed and validated. Chromatographic separation was carried out on an ODS column with acetonitrile and 0.1% formic acid in water as the mobile phase with gradient elution at a flow rate of 0.5 mL/min. Detections were performed using a TSQ Quantum Ultra mass spectrometric detector with electrospray ionization (ESI) interface, which was operated in the positive ion mode. A simple protein precipitation preparation process was used. The lower limits of quantification (LLOQs) were 1.0 ng/mL and 0.5 ng/mL for analytes in rat plasma and brain homogenate, respectively. The intrabatch and interbatch precision and accuracy of brigatinib and brigatinib-analog were well within the acceptable limits of variation. The simple and sensitive LC-MS/MS method was successfully applied to the pharmacokinetic and brain distribution studies following a single oral administration of brigatinib and brigatinib-analog to rats. The above studies would lay a good foundation for the further applications of brigatinib and brigatinib-analog.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Li
- Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Min Lu
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Jinan-Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250200, China
| | - Lei Jin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shandong Drug and Food Vocational College, Weihai 264210, China
| | - Maoen Zheng
- Shandong Laboratory Animal Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250002, China
| | - Peilu Sun
- Institute of Materia Medica, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250062, China
| | - Shanshan Lei
- Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Shan Xiong
- Institute of Materia Medica, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250062, China
| | - Suhong Chen
- Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
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Jain S, Jadav T, Sahu AK, Kalia K, Sengupta P. An Exploration of Advancement in Analytical Methodology for Quantification of Anticancer Drugs in Biomatrices. ANAL SCI 2019; 35:719-732. [PMID: 30905906 DOI: 10.2116/analsci.19r002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Significant numbers of newer anticancer drugs are regularly entering into the market worldwide to fight against different types of cancers. Analytical methodologies are being developed to quantitate those molecules in a variety of matrices during their drug development stages. Selection of biological matrices for developing bioanalytical methods is based on the mechanism of action, site of action, site of metabolism and route of excretion of the drugs or their metabolites. In this review, we have described the current scenario and advancements in bioanalytical techniques for quantification of different anticancer drugs in a variety of biomatrices with a special emphasis on sample preparation techniques. We have discussed and summarized different bioanalytical aspects for anticancer drugs, which can give direction to the researcher for choosing appropriate techniques for their quantification needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonali Jain
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Ahmedabad
| | - Tarang Jadav
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Ahmedabad
| | - Amit Kumar Sahu
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Ahmedabad
| | - Kiran Kalia
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Ahmedabad
| | - Pinaki Sengupta
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Ahmedabad
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Kim M, Laramy JK, Mohammad AS, Talele S, Fisher J, Sarkaria JN, Elmquist WF. Brain Distribution of a Panel of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Inhibitors Using Cassette Dosing in Wild-Type and Abcb1/Abcg2-Deficient Mice. Drug Metab Dispos 2019; 47:393-404. [PMID: 30705084 PMCID: PMC6408736 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.118.084210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Tyrosine kinase inhibitors that target the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) have had success in treating EGFR-positive tumors, including non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, developing EGFR inhibitors that can be delivered to the brain remains a challenge. To identify optimal compounds for brain delivery, eight EGFR inhibitors [afatinib, 6-[4-[(4-ethylpiperazin-1-yl)methyl]phenyl]-N-(1-phenylethyl)-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-day]pyrimidin-4-amine (AEE788), [4-(3-chloro-2-fluoroanilino)-7-methoxyquinazolin-6-yl] (2R)-2,4-dimethylpiperazine-1-carboxylate (AZD3759), erlotinib, dacomitinib, gefitinib, osimertinib, and vandetanib] were evaluated for distributional kinetics using cassette dosing with the ultimate goal of understanding the brain penetrability of compounds that share the same molecular target in an important oncogenic signaling pathway for both primary brain tumors (glioblastoma) and brain metastases (e.g., NSCLC). Cassette dosing was validated by comparing the brain-to-plasma ratios obtained from cassette-dosing to discrete-dosing studies. The brain-to-blood partition coefficients (Kp,brain) were calculated following cassette dosing of the eight EGFR inhibitors. The comparison of Kp,brain in wild-type and transporter-deficient mice confirmed that two major efflux transporters at the blood-brain barrier (BBB), P-glycoprotein and breast cancer resistance protein, play a crucial role in the brain distribution of seven out of eight EGFR inhibitors. Results show that the prediction of brain distribution based on physicochemical properties of a drug can be misleading, especially for compounds subject to extensive efflux transport. Moreover, this study informs the choice of EGFR inhibitors, i.e., determining BBB permeability combined with a known target potency, that may be effective in future clinical trials for brain tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minjee Kim
- Brain Barriers Research Center, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy (M.K., J.K.L., A.S.M., S.T., W.F.E.) and Clinical Pharmacology and Analytical Services Laboratory, Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology (J.F.), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota; and Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (J.N.S.)
| | - Janice K Laramy
- Brain Barriers Research Center, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy (M.K., J.K.L., A.S.M., S.T., W.F.E.) and Clinical Pharmacology and Analytical Services Laboratory, Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology (J.F.), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota; and Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (J.N.S.)
| | - Afroz S Mohammad
- Brain Barriers Research Center, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy (M.K., J.K.L., A.S.M., S.T., W.F.E.) and Clinical Pharmacology and Analytical Services Laboratory, Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology (J.F.), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota; and Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (J.N.S.)
| | - Surabhi Talele
- Brain Barriers Research Center, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy (M.K., J.K.L., A.S.M., S.T., W.F.E.) and Clinical Pharmacology and Analytical Services Laboratory, Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology (J.F.), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota; and Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (J.N.S.)
| | - James Fisher
- Brain Barriers Research Center, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy (M.K., J.K.L., A.S.M., S.T., W.F.E.) and Clinical Pharmacology and Analytical Services Laboratory, Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology (J.F.), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota; and Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (J.N.S.)
| | - Jann N Sarkaria
- Brain Barriers Research Center, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy (M.K., J.K.L., A.S.M., S.T., W.F.E.) and Clinical Pharmacology and Analytical Services Laboratory, Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology (J.F.), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota; and Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (J.N.S.)
| | - William F Elmquist
- Brain Barriers Research Center, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy (M.K., J.K.L., A.S.M., S.T., W.F.E.) and Clinical Pharmacology and Analytical Services Laboratory, Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology (J.F.), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota; and Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (J.N.S.)
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Paul D, Allakonda L, Sahu A, Surendran S, Satheeshkumar N. Pharmacokinetics and brain uptake study of novel AMPA receptor antagonist perampanel in SD rats using a validated UHPLC-QTOF-MS method. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2017; 149:234-241. [PMID: 29127904 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2017.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2017] [Revised: 10/09/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Perampanel (PER) is a novel AMPA receptor antagonist for antiepileptic therapy and is prospective for the treatment of other neurological disorders. A highly sensitive and rapid UHPLC-QTOF-MS method was developed for the quantification of PER in plasma/brain homogenate of SD rat with alogliptin as an internal standard (IS). Chromatographic separation was carried out on an Acquity UPLC HSS Cyano column (100mm×2.1mm, 1.8μm) using gradient mobile phase consisting of 0.1% formic acid and acetonitrile at a flow rate of 0. 4mL/min. Sample preparation was carried out by a simple protein precipitation method. The mass spectrometric analysis of target ions at [M+H]+m/z 350.1288 for PER and m/z 340.1779 for IS was monitored with extracted ion chromatography. The developed analytical method meets the US-FDA and EMA bioanalytical guidelines and was found to be precise, accurate, selective and rugged. It exhibited good sensitivity (0.4ng/mL) and linearity over a range of 0.4-400ng/mL in both the bio-matrices. The method was successfully applied to pharmacokinetics and brain uptake study of PER after oral administration to SD rats. The study results showed PER has penetrated the blood-brain barrier, brain to plasma ratio (Kp) was found to be 0.62±0.05 and its rapidly eliminated from the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Paul
- Drug Metabolism and Interactions Research Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, Telangana, 500037, India
| | - Lingesh Allakonda
- Drug Metabolism and Interactions Research Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, Telangana, 500037, India
| | - Amit Sahu
- Drug Metabolism and Interactions Research Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, Telangana, 500037, India
| | - Shruti Surendran
- Drug Metabolism and Interactions Research Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, Telangana, 500037, India
| | - Nanjappan Satheeshkumar
- Drug Metabolism and Interactions Research Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, Telangana, 500037, India.
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