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Nevelli F, Palmese A, Gleixner R, Peroglio F, D'Acunto CW, Dadone A, D'Hooghe T, Lispi M. Biological Assay to Determine Gonadotropin Potency: From In Vivo to In Vitro Sustainable Method. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24098040. [PMID: 37175746 PMCID: PMC10178553 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Various preparations of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) are commercially available; however, they differ in glycoforms composition and purity owing to their respective sources. Additional chemical/physical changes can also be introduced during manufacturing and can impact their biological activity (biopotency), which is routinely assessed using an in vivo bioassay (Steelman-Pohley). This study aimed to determine whether an in vitro bioassay could assess biopotency by distinguishing between r-hFSH chemical/physical variants with similar ability to the in vivo bioassay. The specific activity (units of biological activity per mg of product) of variants of r-hFSH generated through enrichment (acidic/basic), stress (oxidative/acidic pH) and enzymatic treatment (desialylation and desialylation/degalactosylation) was compared using the in vivo and in vitro bioassays. The in vitro bioassay reliably detected potential chemical/physical modifications in r-hFSH variants that may impact biopotency. Overall, the methods demonstrated a comparable ability to detect changes in specific activities due to chemical/physical differences in r-hFSH variants. These data indicate that the in vitro bioassay is suitable to replace the in vivo bioassay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Nevelli
- Analytical Development Biotech-Global Analytical Development-Global Development & Launch-Global Healthcare Operation, Istituto di Ricerche Biomediche "Antoine Marxer" RBM S.p.A., Colleretto Giacosa, Via Ribes, 1, 10010 Samone, Italy
| | - Angelo Palmese
- Analytical Development Biotech-Global Analytical Development-Global Development & Launch-Global Healthcare Operation, Merck Serono S.p.A., Piazza del Pigneto, 9, 00176 Rome, Italy
| | - Ralf Gleixner
- Ares Trading S.A., Rue de l'Ouriette 151, 1170 Aubonne, Switzerland
| | - Flavio Peroglio
- GHO Ivrea QC & Scientific Excellence-Global Analytical Development-Global Development & Launch-Global Healthcare Operation, Istituto di Ricerche Biomediche "Antoine Marxer" RBM S.p.A., Colleretto Giacosa, Via Ribes, 1, 10010 Samone, Italy
| | - Cosimo-Walter D'Acunto
- Analytical Development Biotech-Global Analytical Development-Global Development & Launch-Global Healthcare Operation, Istituto di Ricerche Biomediche "Antoine Marxer" RBM S.p.A., Colleretto Giacosa, Via Ribes, 1, 10010 Samone, Italy
- Analytical Development Biotech-Global Analytical Development-Global Development & Launch-Global Healthcare Operation, Merck Serono S.p.A., Piazza del Pigneto, 9, 00176 Rome, Italy
| | - Aurora Dadone
- Analytical Development Biotech-Global Analytical Development-Global Development & Launch-Global Healthcare Operation, Istituto di Ricerche Biomediche "Antoine Marxer" RBM S.p.A., Colleretto Giacosa, Via Ribes, 1, 10010 Samone, Italy
| | - Thomas D'Hooghe
- Global Medical Affairs Fertility, Merck Healthcare KGaA, Frankfurter Strasse 250, 64293 Darmstadt, Germany
- Department of Development and Regeneration, Laboratory of Endometrium, Endometriosis & Reproductive Medicine, KU Leuven, Oude Markt 13, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Yale University Medical School, 333 Cedar St., New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Monica Lispi
- Global Medical Affairs Fertility, Merck Healthcare KGaA, Frankfurter Strasse 250, 64293 Darmstadt, Germany
- PhD School of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Unit of Endocrinology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Viale A. Allegri 9, 42121 Reggio Emilia, Italy
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Lei Y, Yong Z, Junzhi W. Development and application of potency assays based on genetically modified cells for biological products. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2023; 230:115397. [PMID: 37079933 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2023.115397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
Potency assays are key to the development, registration, and quality control of biological products. Although previously preferred for clinical relevance, in vivo bioassays have greatly diminished with the advent of dependent cell lines as well as due to ethical concerns. However, for some products, the development of in vitro cell-based assay is challenging, or existing method has limitations such as tedious procedure or low sensitivity. The generation of genetically modified (GM) cell line with improved response to the analyte provides a scientific and promising solution. Potency assays based on GM cell lines are currently used for the quality control of biological products including cytokines, hormones, therapeutic antibodies, vaccines and gene therapy products. In this review, we have discussed the general principles of designing and developing GM cells-based potency assays, including identification of cellular signaling pathways and detectable biological effects, generation of responsive cell lines and constitution of test systems, based on the current research progress. In addition, the applications of some novel technologies and the common concerns regarding GM cells have also been discussed. The research presented in this review provides insights for the development and application of novel GM cells-based potency assays for biological products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Lei
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Health for Research on Quality and Standardization of Biotech Products, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, No. 2, Tiantan Xili, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Zhou Yong
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Health for Research on Quality and Standardization of Biotech Products, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, No. 2, Tiantan Xili, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Wang Junzhi
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Health for Research on Quality and Standardization of Biotech Products, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, No. 2, Tiantan Xili, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100050, China.
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Yu X, Yu C, Wang K, Liu C, Wang L, Wang J. A robust reporter assay for the determination of the bioactivity of IL-4R-targeted therapeutic antibodies. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2021; 199:114033. [PMID: 33774455 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2021.114033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Type 2 inflammatory cytokines, including IL-4, IL-5 and IL-13, contribute considerably to the pathogenesis of asthma. Anti-IL-4R monoclonal antibody (mAb) has been approved for the therapeutic treatment of asthma, and many mAbs with the same target are in the different stages of R&D and clinical trials. Bioactivity determination is required to ensure the quality control of mAbs. However, current ELISA and SPR assays or cell-based anti-proliferation assays for IL-4R mAbs are either not mechanism-of-action (MOA) representative or tedious and time consuming. Therefore, we developed a reporter gene assay (RGA) based on the HEK-293 cell line that stably expressed signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 (STAT6) and the luciferase reporter controlled by STAT6 binding elements. Anti-4R mAb could bind to IL-4R, and block the interaction between IL-4 and IL-4R, resulting in the reduction of IL-4 induced STAT6 controlled luciferase expression. After careful optimization of the experiment parameters, the RGA method demonstrated optimal dose-response curve between anti-IL-4R mAb concentration and luciferase expression level. Validation according ICH-Q2 proved the excellent assay performance characteristics of the established RGA, including specificity, accuracy, precision, linearity and range. The established transgenic cell line was stable for the bioactivity determination of anti-IL-4R mAb up to 46 generations, and the RGA was also suitable for the bioactivity determination of anti-IL-4 mAbs, and potentially of anti-IL-13 mAbs. The established RGA could be adopted to determine the bioactivity during the development, characterization, lot release, stability, and comparability studies of anti-IL-4R mAbs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojuan Yu
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Health for Research on Quality and Standardization of Biotech Products, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, No. 31, Huatuo Road, Daxing District, Beijing, 102629, China
| | - Chuanfei Yu
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Health for Research on Quality and Standardization of Biotech Products, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, No. 31, Huatuo Road, Daxing District, Beijing, 102629, China
| | - Kaiqin Wang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Health for Research on Quality and Standardization of Biotech Products, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, No. 31, Huatuo Road, Daxing District, Beijing, 102629, China
| | - Chunyu Liu
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Health for Research on Quality and Standardization of Biotech Products, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, No. 31, Huatuo Road, Daxing District, Beijing, 102629, China
| | - Lan Wang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Health for Research on Quality and Standardization of Biotech Products, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, No. 31, Huatuo Road, Daxing District, Beijing, 102629, China.
| | - Junzhi Wang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Health for Research on Quality and Standardization of Biotech Products, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, No. 31, Huatuo Road, Daxing District, Beijing, 102629, China
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