Peptidomics: LC-MS operational parameters do matter

Advances in neuroproteomics for neurotrauma: unraveling insights for personalized medicine and future prospects

Neuroproteomics, an emerging field at the intersection of neuroscience and proteomics, has garnered significant attention in the context of neurotrauma research. Neuroproteomics involves the quantitative and qualitative analysis of nervous system components, essential for understanding the dynamic events involved in the vast areas of neuroscience, including, but not limited to, neuropsychiatric disorders, neurodegenerative disorders, mental illness, traumatic brain injury, chronic traumatic encephalopathy, and other neurodegenerative diseases. With advancements in mass spectrometry coupled with bioinformatics and systems biology, neuroproteomics has led to the development of innovative techniques such as microproteomics, single-cell proteomics, and imaging mass spectrometry, which have significantly impacted neuronal biomarker research. By analyzing the complex protein interactions and alterations that occur in the injured brain, neuroproteomics provides valuable insights into the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying neurotrauma. This review explores how such insights can be harnessed to advance personalized medicine (PM) approaches, tailoring treatments based on individual patient profiles. Additionally, we highlight the potential future prospects of neuroproteomics, such as identifying novel biomarkers and developing targeted therapies by employing artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML). By shedding light on neurotrauma's current state and future directions, this review aims to stimulate further research and collaboration in this promising and transformative field.

The solvent- and surface-dependent adsorption of the lipopeptide antibiotic daptomycin: The general necessity of adsorption tests

The impact of poor or non-reproducible analyte recoveries due to non-specific drug adsorption on various analytical assays is often underestimated. Even internationally approved guidelines for pharmaceutical analysis such as the EMA guideline on bioanalytical method validation, the ICH guideline M10 on bioanalytical method validation and study sample analysis or the FDA bioanalytical method validation guidance do not adequately encourage more detailed investigations. Furthermore, other areas of research in which the concentration of active pharmaceutical compounds plays a crucial role, for example screening for minimal inhibitory concentrations of bacterial isolates, are potentially affected as well. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the general necessity of drug adsorption tests, using the lipopeptide antibiotic daptomycin as an example. A wide range of typical materials used in processing samples in pharmaceutical and biological analysis, as well as various solvents and biological matrices were included in the experiments. A fully validated LC-MS/MS method was applied for the determination of daptomycin concentrations, which were subsequently used to calculate the recovery. Recovery results (n = 3) ranged from 0.00% to 102.12% with a maximum relative standard deviation of 12.78%. These findings demonstrate that recovery can vary greatly depending on the solvent and the contact material, indicating the need to be optimized and, if applicable, validated. Hence, high reproducibility can only be achieved if all materials (and their manufacturers) used in a method are specified, not just those used in steps considered critical.