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Queiroz LGD, Collett-Solberg PF, Souza MDGCD, Rodrigues NCP, Monteiro AM, Mendes CDS, Gazolla FM, Oliveira CLD, Bouskela E, Kuschnir MCC, Madeira IR. Inflammatory markers in prepubertal children and their associations with abdominal fat. J Pediatr (Rio J) 2024; 100:544-551. [PMID: 38734032 PMCID: PMC11361872 DOI: 10.1016/j.jped.2024.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the association between inflammatory markers and abdominal fat assessed by ultrasound in prepubertal children with and without excess weight. METHODS A cross-sectional study involving 241 prepubertal children, 156 with obesity, 37 with overweight, and 48 with normal weight, aged five to ten years, who were followed at a research unit on Childhood Obesity from a teaching hospital belonging to a public health system. The concentration of interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α and C-reactive protein were assessed and regression analyses, considering outcome variables such as abdominal wall and intra-abdominal fat thickness measured by ultrasound, were performed. RESULTS The findings highlighted an association between abdominal fat and inflammatory markers, even in children at this young age group. Subcutaneous fat showed a stronger association with inflammatory biomarkers compared to intra-abdominal fat when performing logistic regression, with a positive association between tumor necrosis factor-α and abdominal wall thickness equal to or greater than the 75th percentile in adjusted logistic regression (OR: 18.12; CI 95 %: 1.57: 209.55). CONCLUSIONS Abdominal wall fat, in contrast to what is often observed in adults, appears to have a greater impact on chronic inflammation related to excessive weight in very young children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letícia G de Queiroz
- Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Médicas, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Paulo F Collett-Solberg
- Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Departamento de Medicina Interna, Disciplina de Endocrinologia, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Maria das Graças C de Souza
- Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Centro Biomédico, Laboratório de Pesquisas Clínicas e Experimentais em Biologia Vascular, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Nádia Cristina P Rodrigues
- Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Medicina Social Hésio Cordeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Alexandra M Monteiro
- Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Cristiane de S Mendes
- Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Hospital Universitário Pedro Ernesto, Laboratório de Hormônios, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Fernanda M Gazolla
- Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Hospital Universitário Pedro Ernesto, Unidade de Ensino de Endocrinologia e Metabologia, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Cecília L de Oliveira
- Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Nutrição, Departamento de Nutrição Aplicada, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Eliete Bouskela
- Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Centro Biomédico, Laboratório de Pesquisas Clínicas e Experimentais em Biologia Vascular, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Maria Cristina C Kuschnir
- Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Departamento de Pediatria, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Isabel R Madeira
- Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Departamento de Pediatria, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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Queiroz MP, da Silva Lima M, de Melo MFFT, Queiroga RDCRDE, Bessa RJB, Alves SPA, Barbosa Soares JK. Maternal consumption of conjugated linoleic acid improves tolerance to glucose and hdl-cholesterol in the rat progeny. Food Funct 2021; 11:9075-9085. [PMID: 33026015 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo00410c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Our study evaluates the impacts of maternal consumption of different levels of CLA during pregnancy and lactation on physical and metabolic changes in the rat progeny. Three groups were formed: control (CG) - diet without CLA; CLA1 - diet containing 1% CLA; and CLA3 - diet containing 3% CLA. Murinometry, body fat collection, biochemical analysis, glycemic curves, liver fat amount, and fatty acid profiles of the liver were studied. The data were analyzed by ANOVA, followed by the Tukey test (p < 0.05). The CLA3 group presented highest body weight, feed intake and BMI (p < 0.05). The retroperitoneal fat, epididymal fat, and body fat index were higher in the CLA1 and CLA3 groups (p < 0.05) but no difference was observed for mesenteric fat. Yet in contrast, the experimental groups presented lower abdominal circumference and glycemic curves when compared to the CG (p < 0.05). CLA1 and CLA3 groups presented higher values of total cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol (p < 0.05), yet no difference was found in serum triglycerides or LDL. The CLA3 group presented less n-3, n-6, total PUFA, and arachidonic acid in liver fat (p < 0.05). The CLA1 and CLA3 groups were higher in total MUFA in the liver fat. In conclusion, CLA when consumed during gestation and lactation increased: tolerance to glucose, HDL, and the body fat index in the offspring. Only the CLA3 group presented reduced total PUFA, n-3, n-6 and arachidonic acid in the offspring's liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelly Pires Queiroz
- Program of Food Science and Tecnology, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa, PB, Brazil.
| | - Martiniano da Silva Lima
- Laboratory of Experimental Nutrition, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Campina Grande, Cuité, CG, Brazil
| | | | - Rita de Cássia Ramos do Egypto Queiroga
- Program of Food Science and Tecnology, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa, PB, Brazil. and Laboratory of Bromatology, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa, PB, Brazil
| | - Rui José Branquinho Bessa
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health (CIISA), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Susana Paula Almeida Alves
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health (CIISA), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Juliana Késsia Barbosa Soares
- Program of Food Science and Tecnology, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa, PB, Brazil. and Laboratory of Experimental Nutrition, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Campina Grande, Cuité, CG, Brazil
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Ponti F, De Cinque A, Fazio N, Napoli A, Guglielmi G, Bazzocchi A. Ultrasound imaging, a stethoscope for body composition assessment. Quant Imaging Med Surg 2020; 10:1699-1722. [PMID: 32742962 DOI: 10.21037/qims-19-1048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Dysregulation of the human's energy balance, mediated by non-performing endocrine organs (liver, skeletal muscle and adipose tissue, above all), can be related to human metabolic disorders characterized by an impaired body composition (BC), such as obesity and sarcopenia. While it is possible to monitor the BC and its variations at different levels, the tissue-organ composition studies have been proven to provide the most clinically applicable information. Ultrasonography (US), a fast, non-invasive, low-cost and widely available technique, holds great potential in the study of BC, as it can directly measure muscles, organs, visceral and subcutaneous fat tissue in different sections of the abdomen and body, overcoming some limits of anthropometric evaluation and other imaging techniques. Purpose of this review article is to explore the technical aspects and the applied methods of US examination to assess the potential clinical role of this technique in the context of BC characterization, investigating four pivotal topics [abdominal fat compartments, subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT), skeletal muscle, liver].
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Ponti
- Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Antonio De Cinque
- Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy.,Department of Specialized, Diagnostic, and Experimental Medicine, University of Bologna, Sant'Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - Nicola Fazio
- Technology Transfer Office, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Alessandro Napoli
- Department of Radiologic, Oncologic and Pathologic Science, La Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Guglielmi
- Department of Radiology, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy.,Department of Radiology, Scientific Institute "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza" Hospital, Foggia, Italy
| | - Alberto Bazzocchi
- Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
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Metabolomics analyses to characterize metabolic alterations in Korean native calves by oral vitamin A supplementation. Sci Rep 2020; 10:8092. [PMID: 32415141 PMCID: PMC7228984 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-65023-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have reported that vitamin A administration in the birth stage of calves could promote preadipocyte and muscle development. However, the metabolic change after vitamin A administration remains unknown. Thus, the objective of this study was to perform metabonomics analyses to investigate the effect of vitamin A in Korean native calves. Ten newborn calves (initial average body weight: 30.4 kg [SD 2.20]) were randomly divided into two groups treated with or without vitamin A supplementation (0 IU vs. 25,000 IU vitamin A/day) for two months until weaning. Metabolic changes in the serum and longissimus dorsi muscle of calves were investigated using GC-TOF-MS and multivariate statistical analysis. As a result, ten metabolic parameters in the serum and seven metabolic parameters in the longissimus dorsi muscle were down-regulated in the vitamin A treatment group compared to those in the control group (VIP value > 1.0, p < 0.05). Both serum and longissimus dorsi muscle showed lower levels of cholesterol and myo-inositol in the vitamin A treatment group than in the control group (p < 0.05). These results indicate that vitamin A supplementation in the early growth period of calf could maintain the preadipocyte status, which can contribute to future adipogenesis in the intramuscular fat production of Korean native cattle.
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