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Susat J, Lübke H, Immel A, Brinker U, Macāne A, Meadows J, Steer B, Tholey A, Zagorska I, Gerhards G, Schmölcke U, Kalniņš M, Franke A, Pētersone-Gordina E, Teßman B, Tõrv M, Schreiber S, Andree C, Bērziņš V, Nebel A, Krause-Kyora B. A 5,000-year-old hunter-gatherer already plagued by Yersinia pestis. Cell Rep 2021; 35:109278. [PMID: 34192537 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A 5,000-year-old Yersinia pestis genome (RV 2039) is reconstructed from a hunter-fisher-gatherer (5300-5050 cal BP) buried at Riņņukalns, Latvia. RV 2039 is the first in a series of ancient strains that evolved shortly after the split of Y. pestis from its antecessor Y. pseudotuberculosis ∼7,000 years ago. The genomic and phylogenetic characteristics of RV 2039 are consistent with the hypothesis that this very early Y. pestis form was most likely less transmissible and maybe even less virulent than later strains. Our data do not support the scenario of a prehistoric pneumonic plague pandemic, as suggested previously for the Neolithic decline. The geographical and temporal distribution of the few prehistoric Y. pestis cases reported so far is more in agreement with single zoonotic events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Susat
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University, Rosalind-Franklin-Str. 12, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Harald Lübke
- Centre for Baltic and Scandinavian Archaeology (ZBSA), Schleswig-Holstein State Museums Foundation Schloss Gottorf, Schlossinsel 1, 24837 Schleswig, Germany
| | - Alexander Immel
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University, Rosalind-Franklin-Str. 12, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Ute Brinker
- Centre for Baltic and Scandinavian Archaeology (ZBSA), Schleswig-Holstein State Museums Foundation Schloss Gottorf, Schlossinsel 1, 24837 Schleswig, Germany
| | - Aija Macāne
- Department of Historical Studies, University of Gothenburg, PO Box 200, SE405 30 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - John Meadows
- Centre for Baltic and Scandinavian Archaeology (ZBSA), Schleswig-Holstein State Museums Foundation Schloss Gottorf, Schlossinsel 1, 24837 Schleswig, Germany; Leibniz Laboratory for AMS Dating and Isotope Research, Kiel University, Max-Eyth-Str. 11-13, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Britta Steer
- Systematic Proteomics & Bioanalytics, Institute for Experimental Medicine, Kiel University, Niemannsweg 11, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Andreas Tholey
- Systematic Proteomics & Bioanalytics, Institute for Experimental Medicine, Kiel University, Niemannsweg 11, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Ilga Zagorska
- Institute of Latvian History, University of Latvia, Kalpaka bulv. 4, 1050 Riga, Latvia
| | - Guntis Gerhards
- Institute of Latvian History, University of Latvia, Kalpaka bulv. 4, 1050 Riga, Latvia
| | - Ulrich Schmölcke
- Centre for Baltic and Scandinavian Archaeology (ZBSA), Schleswig-Holstein State Museums Foundation Schloss Gottorf, Schlossinsel 1, 24837 Schleswig, Germany
| | - Mārcis Kalniņš
- Institute of Latvian History, University of Latvia, Kalpaka bulv. 4, 1050 Riga, Latvia
| | - Andre Franke
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University, Rosalind-Franklin-Str. 12, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | | | - Barbara Teßman
- Berlin Society of Anthropology, Ethnology and Prehistory, c/o Museum of Pre- and Protohistory, Geschwister-Scholl-Str. 6, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Mari Tõrv
- Department of Archaeology, Institute of History and Archaeology, University of Tartu, Jakobi 2, 51005 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Stefan Schreiber
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University, Rosalind-Franklin-Str. 12, 24105 Kiel, Germany; Department of General Internal Medicine, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel University, Rosalind-Franklin-Str. 12, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Christian Andree
- Research Center of Medical History, Kiel University, Breiter Weg 10, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Valdis Bērziņš
- Institute of Latvian History, University of Latvia, Kalpaka bulv. 4, 1050 Riga, Latvia
| | - Almut Nebel
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University, Rosalind-Franklin-Str. 12, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Ben Krause-Kyora
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University, Rosalind-Franklin-Str. 12, 24105 Kiel, Germany.
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Kimura J, Sasaki K. Yersinia pseudotuberculosis infection intractable by antibiotics: A rare case report. Int J Surg Case Rep 2016; 21:139-41. [PMID: 27002288 PMCID: PMC4802195 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2016.02.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Revised: 02/06/2016] [Accepted: 02/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Yersinia pseudotuberculosis infection is usually cured only by administering antibiotics. The operation must have been performed for this patient because of persistent Yersinia pseudotuberculosis infection. Early diagnosis and administering antibiotics are important for Yersinia pseudotuberculosis infection to avoid unnecessary operations.
Introduction Yersinia pseudotuberculosis infection is usually cured spontaneously or with administration of antibiotics. Presentation of case The patient is a twelve-year-old boy with right lower quadrant pain who had enterocolitis one month previously. Contrast-enhanced abdominal computed tomography showed a distended and edematous ileum and an intra-abdominal abscess adjacent to the mesentery with a normal appendix. The patient’s general condition did not improve with antibiotics, so an ileocecectomy was performed. Discussion Yersinia pseudotuberculosis infection requiring an operation is rare. In our case, antibiotics were not effective in treating the abscess therefore surgery was required. An early diagnosis using serological studies, ultrasound of the abdomen, and fecal culture, with appropriate administration of antibiotics, may have avoided the need for surgery. Considering YP infection as a differential diagnosis is therefore important when encountering patients with enterocolitis, especially with right lower quadrant pain. Early diagnosis may assist in avoiding unnecessary operations. Conclusion Diagnosis of YP infection may be missed or delayed because it is rare and difficult to detect, and must be distinguished from appendicitis. Although most YP infections are self-limiting, some rare cases will require surgery, therefore early diagnosis is essential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiro Kimura
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Kochi Health Sciences Center, 2125-1, Ike, Kochi 781-8555 Japan.
| | - Kiyoshi Sasaki
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Kochi Health Sciences Center, 2125-1, Ike, Kochi 781-8555 Japan.
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