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Başar EZ, Dogan Y, Kayabey Ö, Babaoğlu K. Evaluation of clinical features and outcome of eight fetuses with ectopia cordis; A study from a fetal cardiology center. Congenit Anom (Kyoto) 2023; 63:66-73. [PMID: 36680738 DOI: 10.1111/cga.12508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
We aim to evaluate the clinical course and outcome of cases with a prenatal diagnosis of ectopia cordis in our center. In this retrospective study, we analyzed clinical variables including gestational age at diagnosis, maternal age, associated cardiac, extracardiac, genetic anomalies and, outcome in prenatally diagnosed ectopia cordis cases in our tertiary referral center. Eight ectopia cordis cases from seven pregnancies were included in the study. All fetuses had complete type of ectopia cordis and pentalogy of Cantrell. Five multiple pregnancies were found, four were twin pregnancies (three dichorionic diamniotic, one monochorionic monoamniotic) and one was triplet (trichorionic triamniotic). In the monochorionic monoamniotic twin pregnancy, both fetuses have pentalogy of Cantrell. Two cases had intracardiac structural defects including Tetralogy of Fallot and hypoplastic right heart syndrome. Three pregnancies were terminated, four cases delivered alive could not survive beyond the neonatal period. The striking feature in our study is its association with multiple pregnancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eviç Zeynep Başar
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, School of Medicine, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Yasemin Dogan
- Department of Perinatology, School of Medicine, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Özlem Kayabey
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Mersin City Training and Research Hospital, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Kadir Babaoğlu
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, School of Medicine, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey
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Eiger SN, Mison MB, Aronson LR. Congenital sternal defect repair in an adult cat with incomplete pentalogy of Cantrell. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2020; 254:1099-1104. [PMID: 30986153 DOI: 10.2460/javma.254.9.1099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
CASE DESCRIPTION A 1-year-old spayed female domestic shorthair cat was evaluated for a sternal defect and ventral abdominal wall hernia. CLINICAL FINDINGS The cat appeared healthy. Palpation revealed a sternal defect, and the heart could be observed beating underneath the skin at the caudoventral aspect of the thorax. A 3-cm-diameter freely movable mass, consistent with a hernia, was also palpated at the cranioventral aspect of the abdomen. Thoracic radiographic and CT images revealed a sternal cleft, cranial midline abdominal wall hernia, and peritoneopericardial diaphragmatic hernia (PPDH). TREATMENT AND OUTCOME Thoracotomy and celiotomy were performed. The sternal cleft was repaired with a porcine small intestinal submucosa graft, titanium contourable mesh plate, and interrupted 25-gauge cerclage wires. A diaphragmatic herniorrhaphy was used to correct the PPDH. Thoracic radiographs were obtained immediately after surgery to confirm repair of the sternal cleft, abdominal wall hernia, and PPDH and at 1 and 3 months after surgery to assess the surgical implants, which had not migrated and were intact with only mild bending at the cranial and caudal margins of the mesh plate. At both recheck examinations, the cat appeared healthy with no complications reported by the owner. CLINICAL RELEVANCE A novel surgical technique was used to successfully repair a large sternal cleft in an adult cat with no postoperative complications reported. This technique may be useful for the treatment of sternal clefts in other cats. This was the first report to describe an adult cat with congenital defects consistent with incomplete pentalogy of Cantrell.
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Srinivasakumar P, Rama G, Jesse N, Howell RG, Brady JL, Morales TT, Maramreddy H, Hogan J, Cosper GH, Schmelzer T, Bambini DA, Schulman A, Kothadia J. First reported case of Pentalogy of Cantrell variant with good outcome in a 32 week gestational age monozygotic twin with twin-twin transfusion syndrome. JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC SURGERY CASE REPORTS 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.epsc.2019.101321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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Grigore M, Furnica C, Esanu I, Gafitanu D. Pentalogy of Cantrell associated with unilateral anophthalmia: Case report and literature review. Medicine (Baltimore) 2018; 97:e11511. [PMID: 30075516 PMCID: PMC6081174 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000011511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Pentalogy of Cantrell, a very rare congenital condition, has an estimated incidence of 5.5 per 1 million live births. It includes five defects: a midline supraumbilical wall defect, a diaphragmatic defect, a cleft distal sternum, a defect in the diaphragmatic pericardium, and an intracardiac defect. Very few cases of this condition have been reported in the literature, most of them diagnosed in the second or third trimester of pregnancy. PATIENT CONCERNS We present a case of pentalogy of Cantrell associated with cranioschisis and unilateral anophthalmia diagnosed at 14 weeks of amenorrhea. DIAGNOSES The combination of abdominal and vaginal sonography established the diagnosis of 14 weeks of amenorrhea with a plurimalformative syndrome including: ectopia cordis, large suprambilical anterior abdominal wall defect, omphalocele, anomaly of the shape of the skull, and anomalies of the brain. INTERVENTIONS After counseling the parents, the pregnancy was interrupted, as requested by the family. OUTCOMES Pathological examination of the fetus after the therapeutic abortion confirmed the diagnosis. LESSONS Because of the poor prognosis of Cantrell's pentalogy, early antenatal sonographic detection is important and allows for elective abortion before viability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihaela Grigore
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Department of Anatomy Department of Internal Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, "Grigore T. Popa" Iasi, Romania
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Abstract
Background Pentalogy of Cantrell is a rare syndrome, first described by Cantrell and co-workers in 1958. The syndrome is characterized by the presence of five major congenital defects involving the diaphragm, abdominal wall, the diaphragmatic pericardium, lower sternum and various congenital intra-cardiac abnormalities. The syndrome has never been reported in Tanzania, although may have been reported from other African countries. Survival rate of the complete form of pentalogy of Cantrell is as low as 20%, but recent studies have reported normal growth achieved by 6 years of age where corrective surgeries were done; showing that surgical repair early in life is essential for survival. Case presentation The African baby residing in Tanzania was referred from a district hospital on the second day of life. She was noted to have a huge omphalocele and ectopia cordis covered by a thin membrane, with bowels visible through the membrane and the cardiac impulse visible just below the epigastrium. Despite the physical anomaly, she appeared to saturate well in room air and had stable vitals. Her chest X-ray revealed the absence of the lower segments of the sternum and echocardiography showed multiple intra-cardiac defects. Based on these findings, the diagnosis of pentalogy of Cantrell was reached. On her fifth day of life, the neonate was noted to have signs of cardiac failure characterized by easy fatigability and restlessness during feeding. Cardiac failure treatment was initiated and she was discharged on parents’ request on the second week of life. Due to inadequate facilities to undertake this complex corrective surgery, arrangements were being made to refer her abroad. In the meantime, her growth and development was satisfactory until the age of 9 months, when she ran out of the medications and succumbed to death. Her parents could no longer afford transport cost to attend the monthly clinic visits, where the infant was getting free medication refill. Conclusions The case reported here highlights that in resource limited settings; poor outcome in infants with complex congenital anomalies is a function of multiple factors. However, we believe that surgery would have averted mortality in this 9-month-old female infant. We hope to be able to manage these cases better in future following the recent establishment of cardiac surgery facilities at Muhimbili National Hospital.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helga Naburi
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
| | - Evelyne Assenga
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
| | - Sonal Patel
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
| | - Augustine Massawe
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
| | - Karim Manji
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
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Lehman AM, Cowan JR, McFadden DE, Patel MS. Anterolateral diaphragmatic hernia with body wall defect understood in relation to the abaxial domain. Am J Med Genet A 2014; 164A:1860-2. [PMID: 24700809 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.36529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2013] [Accepted: 02/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna M Lehman
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Di Spiezio Sardo A, Paladini D, Zizolfi B, Spinelli M, Nappi C. Pentalogy of Cantrell: embryofetoscopic diagnosis. J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2013; 20:248-51. [PMID: 23465262 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmig.2012.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2012] [Accepted: 10/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Embryofetoscopy is an endoscopic technique that permits a direct visualization and morphologic study of embryos during the first and early second trimester. We report the early prenatal diagnosis of a case of Pentalogy of Cantrell combining data obtained by 2-dimensional and 3-dimensional ultrasonography and embryofetoscopy. Morphologic examination focused on a large omphalocele protruding from the anterior abdominal wall as an oval pulsating mass, measuring approximately 3 cm. The visualization of an omphalocele with ectopia cordis without other malformations confirmed the diagnosis of Pentalogy of Cantrell (class III). Currently, embryofetoscopy allows direct visualization of the embryo in vivo, enabling accurate diagnosis of developmental defects and yielding additional insights into developmental disorders in the embryo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Attilio Di Spiezio Sardo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology and Pathophysiology of Reproduction, University of Naples "Federico II," Naples, Italy.
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Singh Y, Magon N, Chopra S, Kathpalia SK. Pentalogy of Cantrell: case report. Med J Armed Forces India 2011; 67:291-2. [DOI: 10.1016/s0377-1237(11)60065-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2010] [Accepted: 02/20/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
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Atis A, Demirayak G, Saglam B, Aksoy F, Sen C. Craniorachischisis with a variant of pentalogy of Cantrell, with lung extrophy. Fetal Pediatr Pathol 2011; 30:431-6. [PMID: 21812640 DOI: 10.3109/15513815.2011.587500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
A case of cranioraschischisis including incomplete pentalogy of Cantrell (PC) is described. The female fetus had a large omphalocele with evisceration of the heart, left lung, liver, stomach, and intestines accompanying anencephaly, cervical, thoracal lumbar, spina bifida. The fetus had ectopia cordis and diaphragmatic agenesia with an intact sternum. We present a case of a neonate with the stigmata for PC with the exception of a sternal defect. A literature review is also included. Sonographers should check for ventral and dorsal anomalies with PC because they may occur simultaneously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alev Atis
- Sisli Etfal Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
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Gün I, Kurdoğlu M, Müngen E, Muhcu M, Babacan A, Atay V. Prenatal diagnosis of vertebral deformities associated with pentalogy of Cantrell: the role of three-dimensional sonography? JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ULTRASOUND : JCU 2010; 38:446-449. [PMID: 20607852 DOI: 10.1002/jcu.20726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Pentalogy of Cantrell was diagnosed in a fetus at 14 weeks of gestation, on routine two-dimensional sonographic examination with Doppler imaging, which revealed a midline supraumbilical abdominal wall defect including herniated liver, an ectopia cordis without intracardiac anomalies, and a large omphalocele containing intestines. Although left unilateral club foot deformity was also detected as an associated anomaly in the same examination, severe lumbar lordoscoliosis was only detected by using three-dimensional sonography because of the spatial configuration of the deformity. After termination of the pregnancy, postnatal inspection of the fetus confirmed the diagnosis of pentalogy of Cantrell associated with skeletal deformities and revealed low implant ears as an additional finding. Although two-dimensional sonography with Doppler imaging is sufficient to diagnose pentalogy of Cantrell, it may fail to show the complex vertebral deformities and three-dimensional sonography may assist in visualizing the defect accurately.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ismet Gün
- GATA Haydarpaşa Training Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Istanbul, Turkey
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Sowande OA, Anyanwu LJC, Talabi AO, Babalola OR, Adejuyigbe O. Pentalogy of cantrell: a report of three cases. J Surg Tech Case Rep 2010; 2:20-3. [PMID: 22091325 PMCID: PMC3214484 DOI: 10.4103/2006-8808.63717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Pentalogy of Cantrell is a rare upper midline syndrome that may present in association with anomalies outside the torso. The pentad — the supraumbilical body wall defect, sternal defect, deficiency of the anterior diaphragm, defect of the diaphragmatic pericardium, and the intracardiac anomalies — was first described by Cantrell et al., in 1958. The defect is said to be more common in males, and survival is dependent on the cardiac malformations and on the degree of completeness of the syndrome. We report three cases of Cantrell's pentalogy managed in our unit. Two of the patients were females and one a male. All were seen at peripheral health centers before being referred to us. Age at presentation for the girls was 18 hours and 36 hours, respectively, the boy presented at the age of six weeks. All of their parents were unschooled manual workers. All patients presented with a defect in the supraumbilical body wall, bifid sternum, and a visible cardiac impulse. We were unable to do echocardiography to rule out intracardiac anomalies in the three patients. The thin membranous covering of the epigastrium in the female patients was managed conservatively. Both female patients were discharged against medical advice as requested by their parents, due to financial constraints. The male patient was lost to follow up after two clinic visits. A multidisciplinary approach to the management of this syndrome is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- O A Sowande
- Pediatric Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile - Ife, Nigeria
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Pete B, Hajdú J, Harmath A, Csapó Z, Papp C, Szigeti Z, Rigó J. [Pentalogy of Cantrell: six new cases]. Orv Hetil 2009; 150:2068-73. [PMID: 19861294 DOI: 10.1556/oh.2009.28744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Cantrell's pentalogy is a rare multiple malformation syndrome consisting of supraumbilical abdominal wall defect, sternal defect, pericardial defect, anterior diaphragmatic defect and heart malformation. AIMS AND METHODS Prenatal ultrasound findings and malformations described during autopsy of the Cantrell's pentalogy cases diagnosed between January 1991 and June 2009 in our institute were reviewed. A literature research was conducted to analyze the prevalence and prenatal detection rate of the five previously described malformations and ectopia cordis in the Cantrell's pentalogy cases. RESULTS Six cases of Cantrell's pentalogy were diagnosed during the study period in our department. Sonography detected multiple malformations in 3 cases, and isolated malformation in 3 cases. Analyzing the data of 49 Cantrell's pentalogy cases altogether showed that, beside abdominal wall defect and ectopia cordis which had the highest prenatal detection rate (83% and 91% with a prevalence of 94% and 69%, respectively), sternal defect and anterior diaphragmatic hernia were also present in a large number of the cases (80% and 73% respectively). CONCLUSION Sonographic identification of the sternal defect or diaphragmatic hernia may help to differentiate Cantrell's pentalogy from malformations part of the syndrome but occurring as isolated defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Pete
- Semmelweis Egyetem, Altalános Orvostudományi Kar I. Szülészeti és Nogyógyászati Klinika, Budapest.
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Chen CY, Yang MJ, Wang PH, Hung JH, Tsai SC, Wu YC. Abnormal Doppler Venous Waveforms in a Fetus with Pentalogy of Cantrell. J Med Ultrasound 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s0929-6441(09)60015-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Abstract
A 7-month-old white female with Pentalogy of Cantrell was imaged using 64 slice multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) with 3D mapping to better determine the extent of cardiac, thoracic, and abdominal malformations. Complimentary to ultrasound, the use of 3D 64 slice MDCT can facilitate effective diagnosis and treatment planning in cases of Pentalogy of Cantrell.
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van Hoorn JHL, Moonen RMJ, Huysentruyt CJR, van Heurn LWE, Offermans JPM, Mulder ALMT. Pentalogy of Cantrell: two patients and a review to determine prognostic factors for optimal approach. Eur J Pediatr 2008; 167:29-35. [PMID: 17674044 PMCID: PMC2668557 DOI: 10.1007/s00431-007-0578-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2007] [Accepted: 07/12/2007] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Two patients with incomplete pentalogy of Cantrell are described. The first was a girl with a large omphalocele with evisceration of the heart, liver and intestines with an intact sternum. Echocardiography showed profound intracardiac defects. The girl died 33 h after birth. The second patient was a female fetus with ectopia cordis (EC) without intracardiac anomalies; a large omphalocele with evisceration of the heart, stomach, spleen and liver; a hypoplastic sternum and rib cage; and a scoliosis. The pregnancy was terminated. A review of patients described in the literature is presented with the intention of finding prognostic factors for an optimal approach to patients with the pentalogy of Cantrell. In conclusion the prognosis seems to be poorer in patients with the complete form of pentalogy of Cantrell, EC, and patients with associated anomalies. Intracardial defects do not seem to be a prognostic factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeroen H. L. van Hoorn
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Maastricht, P.O. Box 5800, 6202 AZ Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Rob M. J. Moonen
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Maastricht, P.O. Box 5800, 6202 AZ Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Clément J. R. Huysentruyt
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital Maastricht, P.O. Box 5800, 6202 AZ Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - L. W. Ernest van Heurn
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Maastricht, P.O. Box 5800, 6202 AZ Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Jos P. M. Offermans
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Hospital Maastricht, P.O. Box 5800, 6202 AZ Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - A. L. M. Twan Mulder
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Maastricht, P.O. Box 5800, 6202 AZ Maastricht, The Netherlands
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Takaya J, Kitamura N, Tsuji K, Watanabe K, Kinoshita Y, Hattori Y, Teraguchi M, Taniuchi S, Takada K, Hamada Y, Kaneko K. Pentalogy of Cantrell with a double-outlet right ventricle: 3.5-year follow-up in a prenatally diagnosed patient. Eur J Pediatr 2008; 167:103-5. [PMID: 17676339 DOI: 10.1007/s00431-007-0579-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2007] [Accepted: 07/12/2007] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Pentalogy of Cantrell is a rare congenital defect associated with five ventral midline anomalies and high mortality. An obstetric sonogram revealed a fetus with a body wall defect suggesting a diagnosis of this condition. Soon after birth, the infant underwent a closure of the upper abdominal wall defect followed by the successful repair of double-outlet right ventricle and pulmonary valve stenosis at the age of 5 months. The patient is currently alive and well 3.5 years after surgery. It is concluded that a deliberate therapeutic strategy based on the intrauterine diagnosis may alter the natural history of this devastating disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junji Takaya
- Department of Pediatrics, Kansai Medical University, 10-15 Fumizonocho, Moriguchi, Osaka 570-8506, Japan.
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Slavotinek AM. Single gene disorders associated with congenital diaphragmatic hernia. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS PART C-SEMINARS IN MEDICAL GENETICS 2007; 145C:172-83. [PMID: 17436300 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.c.30125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is a common birth defect with a high pre- and postnatal mortality. Although the majority of diaphragmatic hernias occur as isolated malformations, additional major and minor anomalies are common and are present in more than 40% of patients. There are compelling data for the importance of genetic factors in the etiology of CDH, but the pathogenesis and the causative genes for CDH in humans remain elusive. There are more than 70 syndromes in which diaphragmatic hernias have been described, and several of these syndromes are single gene disorders for which the gene is known. One method for identifying the causative genes in isolated CDH is to study syndromes with known genes in which CDH is a recognized feature, with the rationale that those genes have a role in diaphragm development. This review discusses the syndromes that are most commonly associated with CDH, with greater attention towards syndromes in which the causative genes have been identified, including Simpson-Golabi-Behmel syndrome, Denys-Drash syndrome, spondylocostal dysostosis, craniofrontonasal syndrome, Cornelia de Lange syndrome and Marfan syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne M Slavotinek
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143-0748, USA.
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Desselle C, Herve P, Toutain A, Lardy H, Sembely C, Perrotin F. Pentalogy of Cantrell: sonographic assessment. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ULTRASOUND : JCU 2007; 35:216-20. [PMID: 17354250 DOI: 10.1002/jcu.20318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Pentalogy of Cantrell is a rare thoraco-abdominal disruption with a variable association of abdominal wall, diaphragm, pericardium, sternum, and heart defects. Diagnosis is feasible on antenatal sonography. However, because prognosis depends on the extent of the defect, anatomic assessment is crucial for optimal parental counseling and decision-making regarding the outcome of pregnancy. We report the use of 2-dimensional and 3-dimensional sonography in the diagnosis of pentalogy of Cantrell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Desselle
- Fetal Medicine Unit--"Olympe de Gouges" Women's Health Centre, Bretonneau University Hospital, F-37044 Tours, France
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Davenport M, Tizzard SA, Underhill J, Mieli-Vergani G, Portmann B, Hadzić N. The biliary atresia splenic malformation syndrome: a 28-year single-center retrospective study. J Pediatr 2006; 149:393-400. [PMID: 16939755 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2006.05.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2005] [Revised: 02/13/2006] [Accepted: 05/16/2006] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
We carried out a retrospective review of infants with biliary atresia splenic malformation (BASM). We found that 56 infants (10.2%) met the criteria for inclusion from a series of 548 infants (from January 1977 to December 2004). Syndromic infants were more likely to be female (P = .04) and to have a higher incidence of antenatal pathology (specifically maternal diabetes; 12.5% vs 1.2%; P < .0001). Situs inversus was noted in 21 (37%) and cardiac abnormalities in 25 (45%) infants. There were no differences in liver histology (eg, degree of liver fibrosis) or in the HLA genotype between BASM and nonsyndromic infants. Five-year and 10-year estimated native liver survival were 46% and 32%, respectively. There were 7 long-term survivors with their native liver and a follow-up of more than 10 years; all were anicteric. BASM is a distinct subgroup, with an implied onset during the embryological phase of organ development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Davenport
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, Kings College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London, UK.
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Abstract
This report describes the diagnostic evaluation of a 7-month-old, female Maltese dog with elevated liver enzymes. Marked elevations of alanine transferase were the significant clinical findings. A diagnosis of gallbladder agenesis was made, based on lack of a gallbladder on ultrasonography and on surgical exploration. Gallbladder agenesis is a rare condition described in humans but not previously reported in dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brenda Austin
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849, USA
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Abstract
Gallbladder agenesis is a rare congenital biliary anomaly that may be associated with other biliary and extrabiliary congenital anomalies. Awareness of this entity by clinicians and radiologists is essential because many of these patients present with biliary symptoms and have unnecessary operations. In the present article, the relative epidemiological, etiological (embryology and development), pathophysiological, diagnostic tools and pitfalls and management aspects of this rare anatomic anomaly are briefly discussed through review of the literature. Particular reference to the difficulty in preoperative diagnosis is highlighted. The importance of the possibility of preoperative diagnosis to avoid unnecessary surgery is stressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamal E Bani-Hani
- Department of Surgery, King Abdullah University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
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