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Murofushi Y, Hayakawa I, Abe Y, Nakao H, Ono H, Kubota M. The most severe form of LMNA-associated congenital muscular dystrophy. Brain Dev 2022; 44:650-654. [PMID: 35729056 DOI: 10.1016/j.braindev.2022.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Alterations in the LMNA gene cause a wide spectrum of diseases collectively called laminopathies. LMNA-associated congenital muscular dystrophy is a form of laminopathy, which usually causes infantile onset of muscle weakness, predominantly in the cervical-axial muscles, and motor developmental retardation. Cardiac symptoms during the first decade of life are rare. We report a case of LMNA-associated congenital muscular dystrophy in which the patient did not achieve head control and experienced facial muscle weakness. Cardiac dysrhythmias were observed at 5 years with development of dilated cardiomyopathy and ischemic strokes at 7 years. Despite intensive medical intervention, he died suddenly at 9 years. This report broadens the spectrum of phenotypes of this disorder with the most severe symptoms during the first decade of life. Our case underscores the need for early genetic testing for LMNA in patients with congenital muscular dystrophy to screen for cardiac manifestations and intervene as necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuka Murofushi
- Division of Neurology, National Center for Child Health and Development (NCCHD), 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 157-8535, Japan.
| | - Itaru Hayakawa
- Division of Neurology, National Center for Child Health and Development (NCCHD), 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 157-8535, Japan
| | - Yuichi Abe
- Division of Neurology, National Center for Child Health and Development (NCCHD), 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 157-8535, Japan
| | - Hiro Nakao
- Department of General Pediatrics and Interdisciplinary Medicine, NCCHD, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Masaya Kubota
- Division of Neurology, National Center for Child Health and Development (NCCHD), 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 157-8535, Japan; Department of Pediatrics, Shimada Ryoiku Medical Center for Challenged Children, 1-31-1 Nakazawa, Tama City, Tokyo 206-0036, Japan
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Piga D, Magri F, Ronchi D, Corti S, Cassandrini D, Mercuri E, Tasca G, Bertini E, Fattori F, Toscano A, Messina S, Moroni I, Mora M, Moggio M, Colombo I, Giugliano T, Pane M, Fiorillo C, D’Amico A, Bruno C, Nigro V, Bresolin N, Comi GP. New Mutations in NEB Gene Discovered by Targeted Next-Generation Sequencing in Nemaline Myopathy Italian Patients. J Mol Neurosci 2016; 59:351-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s12031-016-0739-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2015] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Wang CH, Dowling JJ, North K, Schroth MK, Sejersen T, Shapiro F, Bellini J, Weiss H, Guillet M, Amburgey K, Apkon S, Bertini E, Bonnemann C, Clarke N, Connolly AM, Estournet-Mathiaud B, Fitzgerald D, Florence JM, Gee R, Gurgel-Giannetti J, Glanzman AM, Hofmeister B, Jungbluth H, Koumbourlis AC, Laing NG, Main M, Morrison LA, Munns C, Rose K, Schuler PM, Sewry C, Storhaug K, Vainzof M, Yuan N. Consensus statement on standard of care for congenital myopathies. J Child Neurol 2012; 27:363-82. [PMID: 22431881 PMCID: PMC5234865 DOI: 10.1177/0883073812436605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Recent progress in scientific research has facilitated accurate genetic and neuropathological diagnosis of congenital myopathies. However, given their relatively low incidence, congenital myopathies remain unfamiliar to the majority of care providers, and the levels of patient care are extremely variable. This consensus statement aims to provide care guidelines for congenital myopathies. The International Standard of Care Committee for Congenital Myopathies worked through frequent e-mail correspondences, periodic conference calls, 2 rounds of online surveys, and a 3-day workshop to achieve a consensus for diagnostic and clinical care recommendations. The committee includes 59 members from 10 medical disciplines. They are organized into 5 working groups: genetics/diagnosis, neurology, pulmonology, gastroenterology/nutrition/speech/oral care, and orthopedics/rehabilitation. In each care area the authors summarize the committee's recommendations for symptom assessments and therapeutic interventions. It is the committee's goal that through these recommendations, patients with congenital myopathies will receive optimal care and improve their disease outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching H. Wang
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Mary K. Schroth
- University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
| | | | | | | | - Hali Weiss
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Marc Guillet
- A Foundation Building Strength, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | | | - Susan Apkon
- Seattle Children’s Hospital, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Richard Gee
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Kari Storhaug
- National Resource Centre for Oral Health in Rare Medical Conditions, Oslo Norway
| | | | - Nanci Yuan
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
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Examination of FGFRL1 as a candidate gene for diaphragmatic defects at chromosome 4p16.3 shows that Fgfrl1 null mice have reduced expression of Tpm3, sarcomere genes and Lrtm1 in the diaphragm. Hum Genet 2009; 127:325-36. [PMID: 20024584 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-009-0777-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2009] [Accepted: 12/07/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Fgfrl1 (also known as Fgfr5; OMIM 605830) homozygous null mice have thin, amuscular diaphragms and die at birth because of diaphragm hypoplasia. FGFRL1 is located at 4p16.3, and this chromosome region can be deleted in patients with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH). We examined FGFRL1 as a candidate gene for the diaphragmatic defects associated with 4p16.3 deletions and re-sequenced this gene in 54 patients with CDH. We confirmed six known coding single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs): c.209G > A (p.Pro20Pro), c.977G > A (p.Pro276Pro), c.1040T > C (p.Asp297Asp), c.1234C > A (p.Pro362Gln), c.1420G > T (p.Arg424Leu), and c.1540C > T (p.Pro464Leu), but we did not identify any gene mutations. We genotyped additional CDH patients for four of these six SNPs, including the three non-synonymous SNPs, to make a total of 200 chromosomes, and found that the allele frequency for the four SNPs, did not differ significantly between patients and normal controls (p > or = 0.05). We then used Affymetrix Genechip Mouse Gene 1.0 ST arrays and found eight genes with significantly reduced expression levels in the diaphragms of Fgfrl1 homozygous null mice when compared with wildtype mice-Tpm3, Fgfrl1 (p = 0.004), Myl2, Lrtm1, Myh4, Myl3, Myh7 and Hephl1. Lrtm1 is closely related to Slit3, a protein associated with herniation of the central tendon of the diaphragm in mice. The Slit proteins are known to regulate axon branching and cell migration, and inhibition of Slit3 reduces cell motility and decreases the expression of Rac and Cdc42, two genes that are essential for myoblast fusion. Further studies to determine if Lrtm1 has a similar function to Slit3 and if reduced Fgfrl1 expression can cause diaphragm hypoplasia through a mechanism involving decreased myoblast motility and/or myoblast fusion, seem indicated.
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