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Iribarren I, Hilario E, Álvarez A, Alonso-Alconada D. Neonatal multiple organ failure after perinatal asphyxia. ANALES DE PEDIATRÍA (ENGLISH EDITION) 2022; 97:280.e1-280.e8. [PMID: 36115781 DOI: 10.1016/j.anpede.2022.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Perinatal asphyxia is an event with far-reaching consequences that can lead not only to the development of neonatal encephalopathy, but also to multiple organ failure (MOF). This ailment may result from the redistribution of blood flow, which would preserve the perfusion of vital organs such as the heart, brain and adrenal glands at the expense of other organs. The objective of the study was to determine the incidence and aetiopathogenesis of failure in the organs most frequently involved in neonatal MOF following perinatal asphyxia. We conducted a systematic literature search in the PubMed, Scopus and Cochrane Library databases using the MeSH terms (ischemia AND hypoxia AND multiorgan dysfunction AND neonat*), (asphyxia AND multiorgan dysfunction AND neonat*) and (liver/kidney/digestive OR gastrointestinal/heart injury AND ischemia AND hypoxia AND neonat*). We selected clinical and preclinical studies published after 2000 and excluded case series, letters to the editor, cohort studies without comparison groups and abstracts. In this study, we found that MOF associated with perinatal asphyxia is a frequent phenomenon with a relevant impact on neonatal morbidity and mortality, as it can cause changes not only in the kidney, liver and gastrointestinal tract, but also cardiomyopathy if the ailment is protracted or severe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Iribarren
- Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología, Facultad de Medicina y Enfermería, Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Enrique Hilario
- Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología, Facultad de Medicina y Enfermería, Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Antonia Álvarez
- Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología, Facultad de Medicina y Enfermería, Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Daniel Alonso-Alconada
- Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología, Facultad de Medicina y Enfermería, Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain.
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Fallo multiorgánico neonatal tras asfixia perinatal. An Pediatr (Barc) 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anpedi.2022.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Ares G, Buonpane C, Sincavage J, Yuan C, Wood DR, Hunter CJ. Caveolin 1 is Associated with Upregulated Claudin 2 in Necrotizing Enterocolitis. Sci Rep 2019; 9:4982. [PMID: 30899070 PMCID: PMC6428816 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-41442-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a devastating gastrointestinal emergency of neonates. Epithelial tight junction (TJ) proteins, such as claudins, are essential for regulation and function of the intestinal barrier. Rho kinase (ROCK) affects cellular permeability and TJ regulation. We hypothesized that TJ protein changes would correlate with increased permeability in experimental NEC, and ROCK inhibitors would be protective against NEC by regulation of key claudin proteins. We tested this hypothesis using an in vivo rat pup model, an in vitro model of experimental NEC, and human intestinal samples from patients with and without NEC. Experimental NEC was induced in rats via hypoxia and bacteria-containing formula, and in Caco-2 cells by media inoculated with LPS. The expression of claudins was measured by gene and protein analysis. Experimental NEC in rat pups and Caco-2 cells had increased permeability compared to controls. Gene and protein expression of claudin 2 was increased in experimental NEC. Sub-cellular fractionation localized increased claudin 2 protein to the cytoskeleton. ROCK inhibition was associated with normalization of these alterations and decreased severity of experimental NEC. Co-immunoprecipitation of caveolin-1 with claudin 2 suggests that caveolin-1 may act as a shuttle for the internalization of claudin 2 seen in experimental NEC. In conclusion, NEC is associated with intestinal permeability and increased expression of claudin 2, increased binding of caveolin-1 and claudin 2, and increased trafficking of claudin 2 to the cytoskeleton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo Ares
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Department of Surgery, 840S Wood Street, Suite 376-CSN, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA.,Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Department of Pediatrics, 310 East Superior - Morton 4-685, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Christie Buonpane
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Department of Pediatrics, 310 East Superior - Morton 4-685, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.,Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, 225 E Chicago Avenue, Box 63, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - John Sincavage
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Department of Pediatrics, 310 East Superior - Morton 4-685, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Carrie Yuan
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Department of Pediatrics, 310 East Superior - Morton 4-685, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Douglas R Wood
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Department of Pediatrics, 310 East Superior - Morton 4-685, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Catherine J Hunter
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Department of Pediatrics, 310 East Superior - Morton 4-685, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA. .,Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, 225 E Chicago Avenue, Box 63, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.
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Grothaus JS, Ares G, Yuan C, Wood DR, Hunter CJ. Rho kinase inhibition maintains intestinal and vascular barrier function by upregulation of occludin in experimental necrotizing enterocolitis. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2018; 315:G514-G528. [PMID: 29927318 PMCID: PMC6230694 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00357.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a deadly disease that occurs in 5-10% of neonates. Although NEC has been extensively studied, no single therapeutic target has been identified. Rho kinase (ROCK) is a serine/threonine kinase that affects multiple cellular processes, including tight junction (TJ) function, cellular permeability, and apoptosis. We hypothesized that ROCK inhibition would decrease cellular permeability, stabilize TJ proteins (occludin), and decrease the severity of NEC. To test this hypothesis, human colon epithelial cells (Caco-2) and human endothelial cells were studied. Cells were treated with lipopolysaccharide to simulate an in vitro model of NEC. The effect of ROCK inhibition was measured by transepithelial membrane resistance (TEER) and cellular permeability to FITC-dextran. The effects of ROCK inhibition in vivo were analyzed in the rat pup model of NEC. NEC was induced by feeding formula supplemented with Cronobacter sakazakii with or without gavaged ROCK inhibitor. Rat intestines were scored based on histological degree of injury. RNA and protein assays for occludin protein were performed for all models of NEC. Treatment with ROCK inhibitor significantly decreased cellular permeability in Caco-2 cells and increased TEER. Intestinal injury scoring revealed decreased scores in ROCK inhibitor-treated pups compared with NEC only. Both cell and rat pup models demonstrated an upregulation of occludin expression in the ROCK inhibitor-treated groups. Therefore, we conclude that ROCK inhibition protects against experimental NEC by strengthening barrier function via upregulation of occludin. These data suggest that ROCK may be a potential therapeutic target for patients with NEC. NEW & NOTEWORTHY These studies are the first to demonstrate an upregulation of occludin tight junction protein in response to Rho kinase (ROCK) inhibition. Furthermore, we have demonstrated that ROCK inhibition in experimental models of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is protective against NEC in both in vitro and in vivo models of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justyna S. Grothaus
- 1Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois,2Department of Pediatrics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Guillermo Ares
- 2Department of Pediatrics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Carrie Yuan
- 2Department of Pediatrics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Douglas R. Wood
- 2Department of Pediatrics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Catherine J. Hunter
- 1Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois,2Department of Pediatrics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
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Cho H, Seo JH, Wong KHK, Terasaki Y, Park J, Bong K, Arai K, Lo EH, Irimia D. Three-Dimensional Blood-Brain Barrier Model for in vitro Studies of Neurovascular Pathology. Sci Rep 2015; 5:15222. [PMID: 26503597 PMCID: PMC4622078 DOI: 10.1038/srep15222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2015] [Accepted: 09/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Blood–brain barrier (BBB) pathology leads to neurovascular disorders and is an important target for therapies. However, the study of BBB pathology is difficult in the absence of models that are simple and relevant. In vivo animal models are highly relevant, however they are hampered by complex, multi-cellular interactions that are difficult to decouple. In vitro models of BBB are simpler, however they have limited functionality and relevance to disease processes. To address these limitations, we developed a 3-dimensional (3D) model of BBB on a microfluidic platform. We verified the tightness of the BBB by showing its ability to reduce the leakage of dyes and to block the transmigration of immune cells towards chemoattractants. Moreover, we verified the localization at endothelial cell boundaries of ZO-1 and VE-Cadherin, two components of tight and adherens junctions. To validate the functionality of the BBB model, we probed its disruption by neuro-inflammation mediators and ischemic conditions and measured the protective function of antioxidant and ROCK-inhibitor treatments. Overall, our 3D BBB model provides a robust platform, adequate for detailed functional studies of BBB and for the screening of BBB-targeting drugs in neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hansang Cho
- BioMEMS Resource Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02129, United States.,Mechanical Engineering and Engineering Science, Center for Biomedical Engineering and Science, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, 28223, United States
| | - Ji Hae Seo
- Neuroprotection Research Laboratory Center, Mass General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, 02129, United States
| | - Keith H K Wong
- BioMEMS Resource Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02129, United States
| | - Yasukazu Terasaki
- Neuroprotection Research Laboratory Center, Mass General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, 02129, United States
| | - Joseph Park
- Mechanical Engineering and Engineering Science, Center for Biomedical Engineering and Science, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, 28223, United States
| | - Kiwan Bong
- BioMEMS Resource Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02129, United States
| | - Ken Arai
- Neuroprotection Research Laboratory Center, Mass General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, 02129, United States
| | - Eng H Lo
- Neuroprotection Research Laboratory Center, Mass General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, 02129, United States
| | - Daniel Irimia
- BioMEMS Resource Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02129, United States
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Zhao M, Xu H, He X, Hua H, Luo Y, Zuo L. Expression of serum response factor in gastric carcinoma and its molecular mechanisms involved in the regulation of the invasion and migration of SGC-7901 cells. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2012; 28:146-52. [PMID: 23134219 DOI: 10.1089/cbr.2012.1265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Serum response factor (SRF) is a transcription factor of the MADS box family. To date, DNA binding sites for SRF [serum response elements (SREs)] have been found in the promoters of approximately 50 different genes known to be involved in the regulation cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. Recent studies have indicated that SRF plays a role in the development of some tumors, including hepatocellular, thyroid, esophageal, and lung carcinomas. However, expression of SRF and its roles in gastric carcinoma are unclear. We found SRF to be highly expressed in human gastric carcinoma as well as ectopic or reduced expression for E-cadherin and β-catenin. Blockage of SRF expression was found to inhibit proliferation, invasion, and migration. We also found that an inhibitor (Y-27632) of Rho-associated coiled kinase (ROCK1), a regulator of actin cytoskeleton that regulates cell adhesion, migration, and motility, suppressed SRF expression as well. These results demonstrate that SRF is involved in the aggressive behavior of gastric carcinoma cells. We also found that the inhibition of ROCK1 by Y-27632 can inhibit the invasion and migration of gastric cells done at least, in part, by attenuating SRF expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhao
- Oncology Department, Hebei Medical University, Shi Jiazhuang, China
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The effect of Rho kinase inhibitor Y-27632 on endotoxemia-induced intestinal apoptosis in infant rats. J Mol Histol 2011; 43:81-7. [DOI: 10.1007/s10735-011-9379-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2011] [Accepted: 11/24/2011] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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