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GAO HONG, WANG DAJIA, BAI YUZUO, ZHANG JUAN, WU MEI, MI JIE, JIA HUIMIN, WANG WEILIN. Hedgehog gene polymorphisms are associated with the risk of Hirschsprung's disease and anorectal malformation in a Chinese population. Mol Med Rep 2016; 13:4759-66. [DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.5139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2015] [Accepted: 03/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Wenzhi H, Ruijin W, Jieliang L, Xiaoyan M, Haibo L, Xiaoman W, Jiajia X, Shaoying L, Shuanglin L, Qing L. Heterozygous deletion at the SOX10 gene locus in two patients from a Chinese family with Waardenburg syndrome type II. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2015; 79:1718-21. [PMID: 26296878 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2015.07.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2015] [Revised: 07/23/2015] [Accepted: 07/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Waardenburg syndrome (WS) is a rare disease characterized by sensorineural deafness and pigment disturbance. To date, almost 100 mutations have been reported, but few reports on cases with SOX10 gene deletion. The inheritance pattern of SOX10 gene deletion is still unclear. Our objective was to identify the genetic causes of Waardenburg syndrome type II in a two-generation Chinese family. METHODS Clinical evaluations were conducted in both of the patients. Microarray analysis and multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) were performed to identify disease-related copy number variants (CNVs). DNA sequencing of the SOX10, MITF and SNAI2 genes was performed to identify the pathogenic mutation responsible for WS2. RESULTS A 280kb heterozygous deletion at the 22q13.1 chromosome region (including SOX10) was detected in both of the patients. No mutation was found in the patients, unaffected family members and 30 unrelated healthy controls. CONCLUSIONS This report is the first to describe SOX10 heterozygous deletions in Chinese WS2 patients. Our result conform the thesis that heterozygous deletions at SOX10 is an important pathogenicity for WS, and present as autosomal dominant inheritance. Nevertheless, heterozygous deletion of the SOX10 gene would be worth investigating to understand their functions and contributions to neurologic phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Wenzhi
- Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Experimental Department of Institute of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510150, Guangdong, China
| | - Wen Ruijin
- Department of Otolaryngology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou 510623, Guangdong, China
| | - Li Jieliang
- Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Experimental Department of Institute of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510150, Guangdong, China
| | - Ma Xiaoyan
- Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Experimental Department of Institute of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510150, Guangdong, China
| | - Liu Haibo
- Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Experimental Department of Institute of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510150, Guangdong, China
| | - Wang Xiaoman
- Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Experimental Department of Institute of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510150, Guangdong, China
| | - Xian Jiajia
- Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Experimental Department of Institute of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510150, Guangdong, China
| | - Li Shaoying
- Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Experimental Department of Institute of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510150, Guangdong, China
| | - Li Shuanglin
- Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Experimental Department of Institute of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510150, Guangdong, China
| | - Li Qing
- Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Experimental Department of Institute of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510150, Guangdong, China.
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Chen D, Mi J, Fu DH, Wang WL, Gao H. Expression patterns of dishevelled-2 in different colon tissue segments in Hirschsprung's disease. Mol Med Rep 2014; 11:2092-6. [PMID: 25395054 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2014.2932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2014] [Accepted: 10/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Hirschsprung's disease (HSCR) is a congenital disorder characterized by an absence of enteric ganglion cells in the terminal regions of the gut during development. To date, the cause of HSCR remains unclear, although the pathogenesis of this complex disease is hypothesized to be influenced by numerous genetic and environmental factors. Dishevelled‑2 (DVL‑2) is a subtype of the dishevelled protein, which is known to be involved in embryonic development. In the present study, the pathogenesis of HSCR was investigated by measuring the expression of the DVL‑2 gene and protein using reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT‑qPCR), western blotting and immunohistochemistry staining in the aganglionic and ganglionic segments of colonic tissues in patients with HSCR. The results showed that the level of DVL‑2 mRNA in the aganglionic segments was 0.28 fold that of the ganglionic segments. Similarly, the protein expression of DVL‑2 was lower (11.31±2.23) in the aganglionic segments than that of the ganglionic segments (35.21±2.66), as assessed by western blot analysis. Furthermore, immunohistochemical staining demonstrated that DVL‑2 expression was significantly higher in the mucosal and submucosal layers from ganglionic colon segments compared with that from the aganglionic segments. The data suggest that the expression of DVL‑2 in colon tissue segments may be important in the pathogenesis of HSCR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Chen
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - Jie Mi
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - Dong-Hui Fu
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - Wei-Lin Wang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - Hong Gao
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
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Kim JH, Cheong HS, Sul JH, Seo JM, Kim DY, Oh JT, Park KW, Kim HY, Jung SM, Jung K, Cho MJ, Bae JS, Shin HD. A genome-wide association study identifies potential susceptibility loci for Hirschsprung disease. PLoS One 2014; 9:e110292. [PMID: 25310821 PMCID: PMC4195606 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0110292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2014] [Accepted: 09/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Hirschsprung disease (HSCR) is a congenital and heterogeneous disorder characterized by the absence of intramural nervous plexuses along variable lengths of the hindgut. Although RET is a well-established risk factor, a recent genome-wide association study (GWAS) of HSCR has identified NRG1 as an additional susceptibility locus. To discover additional risk loci, we performed a GWAS of 123 sporadic HSCR patients and 432 unaffected controls using a large-scale platform with coverage of over 1 million polymorphic markers. The result was that our study replicated the findings of RET-CSGALNACT2-RASGEF1A genomic region (rawP = 5.69×10−19 before a Bonferroni correction; corrP = 4.31×10−13 after a Bonferroni correction) and NRG1 as susceptibility loci. In addition, this study identified SLC6A20 (adjP = 2.71×10−6), RORA (adjP = 1.26×10−5), and ABCC9 (adjP = 1.86×10−5) as new potential susceptibility loci under adjusting the already known loci on the RET-CSGALNACT2-RASGEF1A and NRG1 regions, although none of the SNPs in these genes passed the Bonferroni correction. In further subgroup analysis, the RET-CSGALNACT2-RASGEF1A genomic region was observed to have different significance levels among subgroups: short-segment (S-HSCR, corrP = 1.71×10−5), long-segment (L-HSCR, corrP = 6.66×10−4), and total colonic aganglionosis (TCA, corrP>0.05). This differential pattern in the significance level suggests that other genomic loci or mechanisms may affect the length of aganglionosis in HSCR subgroups during enteric nervous system (ENS) development. Although functional evaluations are needed, our findings might facilitate improved understanding of the mechanisms of HSCR pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong-Hyun Kim
- Research Institute for Basic Science, Sogang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Life Science, Sogang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Sub Cheong
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, SNP Genetics, Inc., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Hoon Sul
- Department of Computer Science, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Jeong-Meen Seo
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Yeon Kim
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Tak Oh
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Severance Children's Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwi-Won Park
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Young Kim
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Min Jung
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyuwhan Jung
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Gyeonggi, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Jeng Cho
- Department of Surgery, Konkuk University Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon Seol Bae
- Laboratory of Translational Genomics, Samsung Genome Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyoung Doo Shin
- Research Institute for Basic Science, Sogang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Life Science, Sogang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Genetic Epidemiology, SNP Genetics, Inc., Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Gao H, Chen D, Liu X, Wu M, Mi J, Wang W. Polymorphisms and expression of the WNT8A gene in Hirschsprung's disease. Int J Mol Med 2013; 32:647-52. [PMID: 23836442 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2013.1433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2013] [Accepted: 07/01/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Hirschsprung's disease (HSCR) is a congenital disorder characterized by an absence of intrinsic ganglion cells in the nerves forming the plexus of the lower intestine. The WNT signaling pathway is considered to play an important role in embryonic development. In the present study, we analyzed 2 polymorphisms of the WNT8A gene (rs78301778 and rs6596422) to determine their association with the risk and development of HSCR. Allele frequencies and genotype distributions were analyzed by sequence analysis in patients with HSCR and normal controls. Using real-time PCR, western blot analysis and immunohistochemistry, we detected the mRNA and protein expression of WNT8A in patients with HSCR. The data indicated that the differences in genotype distributions and allele frequencies of rs78301778 and rs6596422 between various clinical classifications were statistically significant. The analysis of the mRNA and protein expression of WNT8A revealed that the expression of WNT8A was increased in the stenotic colon segments compared with the normal colon segments. In conclusion, the data presented in this study suggest that the WNT8A gene is involved in the susceptibility to HSCR, and plays an important role in the occurrence and development of HSCR. These findings warrant further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Gao
- Laboratory of Pediatric Congenital Malformation, Ministry of Public Health, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
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Ishii K, Doi T, Inoue K, Okawada M, Lane GJ, Yamataka A, Akazawa C. Correlation between multiple RET mutations and severity of Hirschsprung's disease. Pediatr Surg Int 2013; 29:157-63. [PMID: 23114404 DOI: 10.1007/s00383-012-3196-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The enteric nervous system (ENS), comprising neurons and glial cells, organized as interconnected ganglia within the gut wall, controls peristalsis and the production of secretions. The RET receptor tyrosine kinase is expressed throughout enteric neurogenesis and is required for normal ENS development. Humans with mutations in the RET locus have Hirschsprung's disease (HSCR), and mice lacking RET exhibit total intestinal aganglionosis. Although a number of mutations with the potential for causing HSCR have been reported, their precise correlation with phenotype and symptom severity in HSCR is not clearly understood. Our study investigates the correlation between mutations in the RET locus and symptom severity in HSCR. METHODS We performed a comprehensive nucleotide analysis of the RET coding region in 18 HSCR patients and 87 controls, performed cellular biological analysis by Western blotting using the expression vector, and analyzed cell proliferation with anti-Ki67 antibody under immunofluorescence confocal microscopy (ICM). RESULTS We identified three novel mutations, D489N, L769L, and V778D in the RET coding region in our HSCR patients. In the allelic distribution of D489N and L769L, the difference between HSCR patients and controls reached statistical significance (p = 0.0373 and p = 0.0004, respectively), whereas no statistical difference was observed in the allelic distribution of V778D (p = 0.1073). One HSCR patient who died from total colonic aganglionosis had a combination of homozygous mutation of D489N, L769L, and heterozygous mutation of V778D. Western blotting of full mutant RET from this patient showed significantly increased 150kD-band, which corresponds to the immature form compared with wild-type and single mutant RET. ICM showed that overexpression of full mutant RET significantly reduced cellular proliferation in comparison with wild-type and single mutant RET. CONCLUSION A combination of mutations in the RET locus may correlate with symptom severity in HSCR as a consequence of reduced cellular proliferation secondary to altered maturation of RET.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunihiro Ishii
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Graduate School of Health Care Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
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Zhong WD, Qin GQ, Dai QS, Han ZD, Chen SM, Ling XH, Fu X, Cai C, Chen JH, Chen XB, Lin ZY, Deng YH, Wu SL, He HC, Wu CL. SOXs in human prostate cancer: implication as progression and prognosis factors. BMC Cancer 2012; 12:248. [PMID: 22703285 PMCID: PMC3583167 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-12-248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2011] [Accepted: 05/16/2012] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Background SOX genes play an important role in a number of developmental processes. Potential roles of SOXs have been demonstrated in various neoplastic tissues as tumor suppressors or promoters depending on tumor status and types. The aim of this study was to investigate the involvement of SOXs in the progression and prognosis of human prostate cancer (PCa). Methods The gene expression changes of SOXs in human PCa tissues compared with non-cancerous prostate tissues was detected using gene expression microarray, and confirmed by real-time quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (QRT-PCR) analysis and immunohositochemistry. The roles of these genes in castration resistance were investigated in LNCaP xenograft model of PCa. Results The microarray analysis identified three genes (SOX7, SOX9 and SOX10) of SOX family that were significantly dis-regulated in common among four PCa specimens. Consistent with the results of the microarray, differential mRNA and protein levels of three selected genes were found in PCa tissues by QRT-PCR analysis and immunohistochemistry. Additionally, we found that the immunohistochemical staining scores of SOX7 in PCa tissues with higher serum PSA level (P = 0.02) and metastasis (P = 0.03) were significantly lower than those with lower serum PSA level and without metastasis; the increased SOX9 protein expression was frequently found in PCa tissues with higher Gleason score (P = 0.02) and higher clinical stage (P < 0.0001); the down-regulation of SOX10 tend to be found in PCa tissues with higher serum PSA levels (P = 0.03) and advanced pathological stage (P = 0.01). Moreover, both univariate and multivariate analyses showed that the down-regulation of SOX7 and the up-regulation of SOX9 were independent predictors of shorter biochemical recurrence-free survival. Furthermore, we discovered that SOX7 was significantly down-regulated and SOX9 was significantly up-regulated during the progression to castration resistance. Conclusions Our data offer the convince evidence that the dis-regulation of SOX7, SOX9 and SOX10 may be associated with the aggressive progression of PCa. SOX7 and SOX9 may be potential markers for prognosis in PCa patients. Interestingly, the down-regulation of SOX7 and the up-regulation of SOX9 may be important mechanisms for castration-resistant progression of PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-de Zhong
- Department of Urology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Clinical Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics, Guangzhou First Municipal People's Hospital, Affiliated Guangzhou Medical College, Guangzhou 510180, China.
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